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Rejected adth
* Defects due to the transmitters
Defects due to
the transmitter
Retentive Memory
Reliability
Mistake
al-Munkar
Lie
al-Maw'
Negligence
al-Munkar
Suspicion of lie
al-Matrk
Delusion
al-Ma'll
Al-Fisq
al-Munkar
Defective Memory
al-a'f
Ignorance
al-a'f
Contradiction
al-Shdh & al-Munkar
Innovation
al-a'f Jiddan
ADTH MAW'
That which is fabricated to be on the authority of the
Prophet or those other than him, from (their) sayings,
actions, tacit approvals or attributes
Position
worst and most unacceptable among the weak adth
Not permissible to transmit, except with mentioning
its condition
ADTH MAW'
Formation:
1. Fabrication of the transmission (matn) and
attributing it to the Prophet or others with a
chain of transmitters
2. Attribution to the Prophet what was initially
the sayings of well known scholars or wise men
or Isr'liyyt with the intention for it to be
accepted by people
Began after the death of 'Uthmn when Muslims
started to be politically divided
Example:
There were 1000 Prophets, and for each Prophet a
trustee, and 'Al was the trustee for Muammad
:
The trustees are three: myself (i.e. Muammad), Jibrl
and Mu'wiyah
Example:
...
the caliphate is from my family, and the best (to be appointed)
caliph after me is 'Al
O 'Al, indeed Allh forgives you, your descendants, your parents,
your family, and those who assist you and those who loves your
assistants
The Prophet was leaning against 'Al when Ab Bakr & 'Umar
entered upon them, and the Prophet said:
O father of al-asan ('Al), love them both (Ab Bakr & 'Umar),
for by loving them both you will enter paradise
Example:
Verily, if Allh is angry, (He) inflates on the Throne to
(the extend) that it will be heavy to support
I am the seal of the Prophets, there is no prophet after
me, except if Allh wills
Example:
Ab 'Ismah Nh ibn Ab Maryam fabricated adth
of the virtues of the chapters in the Qur'n and he did
so when people we busy with the fiqh of Ab anfah
or the Maghz of Ibn Ishq instead of the Qur'n
Example:
There will be a man from my nation, his name would be
Ab anfah, he is the light of my nation, he is the light of
my nation
And there will a man from my nation, whose name would
be Muammad ibn Idrs (al-Shfi'), his fitnah upon my
nation would be worst than the fitnah of ibls
Sign of Fabrication
Chain of Transmitters
(Sanad)
Transmission
(Matn)
5.
ADTH MAW
Efforts of scholars in protecting adth from
fabrications
Documentation of adth
ADTH MAW
Compilations