EE3010-Electric Machinery

Quiz 02-A

Date:2015.10.23

(Be careful! Your scores will be off 5% for each answer if the SI unit is incorrect.)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------[Question 1] (20%)
A single-phase transformer has N1 800 turns on the primary winding and N 2 400 turns on the
secondary winding. The cross-sectional core area is Ac 50 cm 2 . If the primary winding is connected to a
1-, 1000V, 60Hz, supply,
(1) Calculate the maximum value of the flux density in the core, Bm .
(2) Calculate the induced voltage in the secondary winding, E2 .
[Solution]
(1) Since the transformer induced voltage in the primary side is V1 E1 4.44 N1 f m 4.44 N1 fAc Bm , we
have Bm
(2) Since

E1
1000

0.938 T .
4.44 N1 fAc 4.44 800 60 0.005

N1 E1 V1
N
400

, we have V2 E2 2 E1
1000 500 V .
N 2 E2 V2
N1
800

[Question 2] (40%)
The number of turns in the primary and the secondary of an ideal transformer are N1 200 turns and
N 2 500 turns , respectively. The transformer is rated at the apparent power S V1I1 V2 I 2 10 kVA ,
V1 250 V , f 60 Hz on the primary side. The cross-sectional area of the core is Ac 40 cm 2 . If the
transformer is operating at full load with a power factor of pf 0.8 lagging. Determine the followings:
(1) the maximum magnetic flux density in the core, Bmax ,
(2) the rating secondary terminal voltage, V2 ,
(3) the primary and secondary winding currents, respectively, I1 and I 2 , and
(4) the load impedance referred to its secondary side, Z Load , and referred to its primary side, ZLoad .
[Solution]
(1) Since the primary induced voltage is V1 E1 4.44 N1 f max , the maximum magnetizing flux in the
core is max

E1
V1
250

0.0047 Wb .
4.44 N1 f 4.44 N1 f 4.44 200 60

Hence, the maximum magnetic flux density in the core is Bmax

max 0.0047

1.175 T .
Ac
0.004

N1 200

0.4 , the rating secondary terminal voltage is

(2) Since the transformer ratio is a
N 2 500
1
1
V2 V1 V1
250 625 V .
a
0.4
(3) Since the rating apparent power of the transformer is S V1I1 V2 I 2 10 kVA and the rating primary
1

and secondary voltages are, respectively, V1 250 V and V2 625 V , the primary and secondary
winding currents are, respectively,
S 10000 VA
S 10000 VA
I1
40 A and I 2
16 A .
V1
250 V
V2
625 V
(4) The load impedance referred to its secondary side is
V
625
Z Load 2 cos 1pf
cos 1 0.8=39.0625 37 , and
I2
16
the load impedance referred to its primary side is
ZLoad a 2 Z Load (0.4) 2 (39.0625 37 )=6.25 37 .
[Question 3] (40%)
A 1000VA, 230/115V, step-down, single-phase distribution transformer has the following results of tests:
Open-circuit test (on low-voltage side)

Short-circuit test (on high-voltage side)

Voc 115V

Vsc 17.100V

Ioc 0.110A

Isc 8.700A

Poc 3.9W

Psc 38.100W

, Req,2 , and X eq,2 , of the approximate transformer model with excitation

Find the parameters, Rc , X m
branch referred to the low-voltage (secondary) side as the following figure.
I 1
V

I c
Rc

E 1 E 2 jX eq,2 Req,2 I 2
+
I m

Z L V2
I jX m

Fig. The approximate transformer model with excitation branch referred to secondary side.
[Solution].
The turns ratio of the transformer is a V1/V2 230/115 2 .
(1) The elements of excitation branch referred to the low-voltage side are
V 2 1152
Rc oc
3391.026 () , and
Poc
3.9
V2
oc
Xm
Qoc

2
Voc
2
Soc

2
Poc

2
Voc

(Voc I oc )

2
Poc

1152
2

(115 0.11) 3.92

(2) The equivalent series impedance referred to the high-voltage side are
P
38.1
Req,1 sc
0.503 () , and
2
I sc
8.7 2
2

1099.581 () .

2
2
2
2
2
2
X eq,1 Z sc
,1 Req ,1 (Vsc / I sc ) Req ,1 (17.1/ 8.7) 0.503 1.900 () .

Thus, the equivalent series impedance referred to the low-voltage side are
R
X
0.503
1.900
,1 eq,1
,1 eq,1
Req,2 Req
0.126 () , and X eq,2 X eq
0.475 () .
2
2
2
a
2
a
22