History Of Autism And Vaccines: How One Man Unraveled The Worlds Faith In

Vaccinations
Jul 23, 2014 10:50 AM By Samantha Olson

Autism and vaccinations have been falsely linked for well over a decade, which leads many to wonder: What started it all? Photo courtesy of Imgur

Comment

http://w w w .medi

http://w w w .medi

email

print

more

Vaccination rates plummeted and infection rates of preventable diseases skyrocketed when the world started to believe vaccines caused autism, but the rapid rise of autism rates tell a
different story. An infographic has been designed to inform parents and other skeptics of the truth behind the relationship between vaccinations and autism and why it even started in the
first place.

Why did people begin thinking that childhood vaccines such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) shots, cause autism? The birth of this falsehood was fathered by Dr. Andrew
Wakefield, a British surgeon and medical researcher who published a study in The Lancet in 1998 claiming to have found a connection between vaccines and the onset of autism.

Autism is a brain development disorder that causes social, cognitive, and communication impairements. It can range from very mild to very severe and does not discriminate by ethnicity
or socioeconomic groups, as it can happen to any child. Currently, research points to a genetic predisposition of autism in addition to an environmental component. The sharp rise in autism
diagnosis over the last 20 years cannot be attributed solely to genetics, so research presses on, according to the National Autism Association.

When the paper was published it spread like wildfire across the world, instilling fear in parents and pediatricians alike. But after a decade-long investigation of unraveling Wakefields
research and studies of 25,782,500 children, researchers concluded there was no causal relationship between vaccines and autism. Wakefields paper was retracted in 2010 due to the
papers scientific limitations, which were not based on statistics, lacked a control group, relied on peoples memories for vaccination records, vague conclusions not based on statistical
outcomes, and the use of such a small group of 12 children as test subjects.

Researchers scrambled to find the answer, and by 1999 they had conducted a study using 500 children. No connection between autism and vaccines was found. But just to make sure,
scientists went back to the drawing board and two years later another study was published using 10,000 children. Studies using 537,000 children were evaluated in Denmark, and then an
additional 535,000 children were studied in Finland. Not only could no one reproduce Wakefields findings, but they couldnt even find a link anywhere in their own research.

In 2012, a meta-analysis was conducted using 14,700,000 million children. No link to autism was found in any of the 58 studies researchers analyzed, yet the leftover of Wakefields small
but dramatized findings have left millions of children unvaccinated.

Today, one out of four parents believes vaccines cause autism in otherwise healthy children, and there has consequently been a steady decline in vaccinations. In the past 20 years, vaccines
given to infants and young children will prevent 322 million illnesses, 21 million hospitalizations, and 732,000 deaths throughout their lifetime, according to the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention.

Yet, there were nearly 50,000 people in the United States who contracted whooping cough, which caused 20 deaths in 2012 alone. Whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory tract
infection that is completely preventable if a child is vaccinated. Before Wakefields paper was published, there were only 2,900 cases throughout the 1980s. It's currently on the rise, and an
additional 5,400 children in California were reported to have confirmed whooping cough cases as of July 8.

There are new and underutilized vaccinations waiting to treat children, if only their parents were informed enough to understand theyre non-threatening. They have the power to prevent
nearly four million deaths of children five years and young by 2015.