SUMMER TRAINING

NHPC FARIDABAD
A
Project Report
On
Study of Hydro Power Plants

PAWAN
BHAKUNI
EL-1833-2K13

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National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Limited (NHPC)

NHPC, a Govt. of India Enterprise, was incorporated in the year 1975 with an
authorised capital of Rs. 2000 million and with an objective to plan, promote and
organise an integrated and efficient development of hydroelectric power in all
aspects. Later on NHPC expanded its objects to include other sources of energy
like Geothermal, Tidal, Wind etc.
At present, NHPC is a schedule 'A' Enterprise of the Govt. of India with
an authorised share capital of Rs. 1,50,000 million. With an investment base of over
Rs. 2,22,000 million, NHPC is among the TOP TEN companies in the country in
terms of investment.
National Hydroelectric Power Corporation is one of the largest organisation for
hydro-power development in India having constructed 13 hydro-power projects in
India and abroad with a total installed capacity of 3694.35 MW (Including the
projects under joint venture). With an asset value of Rs. 2,00,000 million NHPC has
planned to add 2480 MW of power during Xth plan and 6297 MW of power during
XIth plan. NHPC's capabilities include the complete spectrum of hydropower
development from concept to commissioning.

CORPORATE MISSIONS

To achieve international standards of excellence in all aspects of hydro power

and diversified business.

To execute and operate projects in a cost effective, environment friendly and

socio-economically responsive manner.

To foster competent trained and multi-disciplinary human capital.

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To continually develop state-of-the-art technologies thru innovative R&D and

adopt best practices.

To adopt the best practices of corporate governance and institutionalize value

based management for a strong corporate identity.

To maximize creation of wealth through generation of internal funds and

effective management of resources.

CORPORATE OBJECTIVES
1. Development of vast hydro potential at faster pace and optimum cost eliminating
time and cost over-run.
2. Completion of all on-going projects within stipulated time frame.
3. Ensure maximum utilization of installed capacity and help in better system
stability.
4. Generation of sufficient internal resources for expansion and setting up new
projects.
5. Corporate development along with simultaneous Human Resource Development.

PROFILE OF NHPC:
Authorised Capital

Rs. 1,50,000 Million

Paid up Capital

Rs. 1,02,150 Million (31.03.2006)

Value of Assets

Rs. 2,20,000 Million (Approx.)

Projects Completed

10 Nos. (3755 MW) *

Projects Under Construction

Projects for DPR & Infrastructure Development

11 Nos. (5623 MW)

[Stage - II]
Projects Under Investigation [Stage - I]

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19 Nos. (14190 MW)

1 No. (11000 MW)

Joint Venture Projects

2 Nos. (1520 MW)

Projects on Turnkey Basis

5 Nos. (89.35 MW)

Other Projects

13 Nos. (9610 MW)

In 2005 - 2006
Energy Generated (Including Deemed
Generation)

12567 MU

Capacity Index

98.16%

Sales Turnover

18340 Million

Net Profit

7010 Million

Performance Rating

"Excellent"

NHPC presently own and operates total 9 Hydro Power Stations situated in
Northern, Eastern and North-Eastern regions of India.

PERFORMANCE HIGHLIGHTS(2005-06)
1. Registered a net profit of Rs. 701 crore against Rs. 685 crore during the
previous financial year.
2. Achieved an all time high sales turnover of Rs. 1834 crore as against Rs.
1668 crore during the year 2004-05.
3. Rs. 140 crore given to Government of India as Dividend for 2005-06.
4. The Corporation is in the process of raising 100 Million USD loan through
ECA route for part financing of prestigious Subansiri lower Project.
5. Obtained new consultancy assignments amounting to Rs. 65 crore against
the target of Rs. 20 crore.
6. Total bills for Rs. 1858 crore raised to SEBs.
7. Achieved total realization of Rs. 1911 crore.
8. Standard & Poors (S & P) & Fitch Ratings reaffirms NHPCs Long Term
Foreign Currency Rating to BB+(Stable). Fitch Rating also reaffirmed rating
for Domestic borrowings as AAA.
9. Paid up capital of the Corporation raised to Rs. 10215 crore.
10. The Power Stations achieved a capacity index of 98.16% this year against
the last year index of 95.28 %.

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11. Achieved highest ever generation of 12567 million units against last year
generation of 11286 million units.
12. Commissioned the 280 MW Dhauliganga Power Station in Uttaranchal.
13. Power Purchase agreements signed for Kishanganga, Nimmo Bazgo,
Chutak, Uri-II, Dul Hasti, Chamera-III and Teesta Low Dam Project Stage-IV
with the concerned beneficiaries.
14. Finalized major contract agreements for civil works of Uri-II, Chamera-III,
Parbati-III & Teesta Low Dam Stage-IV Projects.
15. Baira Siul Power Station in Himachal Pradesh completed 25 years of
operation.
16. Achieved the feat of excavating one of the longest Inclined Pressure Shafts in
the World at Parbati Stage-II Project.
17. Signed agreements with Government of Sikkim for execution of the 495 MW
Teesta Stasge-IV and 210 MW Lachen Hydroelectric Projects in Sikkim on
BOOM basis.
18. MOU signed with Uttaranchal Government for implementation of 240 MW
Chungar Chal, 630 MW Garba Tawaghat and 55 MW Karmoli Lumti Tulli
Projects in Uttaranchal.
Environment clearance accorded by Ministry of Environment & Forest for 520 MW
Parbati-III Project in Himachal Pradesh, 45 MW Nimoo Bazgo and 44 MW Chutak
Projects in Jammu & Kashmir.

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Fig 1. Analysis of Revenue 2004-05

PROJECT DETAILS
PROJECTS (Completed and in operation):
POWER STATIONS

S.
Project

No.

State

Installed
Year of
Capcaity
Commissioning
(MW)

Baira Siul

Himachal Pradesh

3 x 60

1981

Loktak

Manipur

3 x 30

1983

Salal - I

Jammu & Kashmir

3 x 115

1987

Tanakpur

Uttaranchal

3 x 40

1992

Chamera - I

Himachal Pradesh

3 x 180

1994

Salal - II

Jammu & Kashmir

3 x 115

1996

Uri

Jammu & Kashmir

4 x 120

1997

Rangit

Sikkim

3 x 20

1999

Chamera - II

Himachal Pradesh

3 x 100

2003

10

Dhauliganga
Stage - I

Uttaranchal

4 x 70

2005-06

Madhya Pradesh

8 x 125

2004-05

11 Indira Sagar *

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Total

3755

No. of Beneficiary States / UTs / Corporations : 24

PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION

S. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
#

Project
Dulhasti
Teesta Stage - V
Parbati - II
Sewa - II
Subansiri (Lower)
Uri-II
Chamera-III
Teesta Low Dam - III
Teesta Low Dam - IV
Parbati - III
Omkareshwar #

State
Jammu & Kashmir
Sikkim
Himachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Arunachal Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh
West Bengal
West Bengal
Himachal Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Total

Capacity (MW)
390
510
800
120
2000
240
231
132
160
520
520
5623

Under joint venture

PROJECTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT

The upcoming projects of NHPC are categorised broadly into three groups
depending upon the clearance obtained from the government. This broad
classification of new projects also indicate the stage / present status of the projects.

PROJECTS AWAITING CLEARANCE/GOVT. APPROVAL (Stage-II)

Capacity (MW)
S. No.
Project
State
Kishenganga
1
Jammu & Kashmir
330
Nimmo-Bazgo
2
Jammu & Kashmir
45
Chutak
3
Jammu & Kashmir
44
4
Siyom *
Arunachal Pradesh
1000
Total
1419

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PROJECTS FOR DPR & INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT (Stage-II)

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

S. No.
Lakhwar Vyasi
Dibang
Pakal Dul
Bursar
Siang Lower
Subansiri Upper
Subansiri Middle
Bav - II
Kotli Bhel Stage - I A
Kotli Bhel Stage - I B
Kotli Bhel Stage - II
Teesta - IV

Project
State Capacity (MW)
Uttaranchal
420
Arunachal Pradesh
3000
Jammu & Kashmir
1000
Jammu & Kashmir
1020
Arunachal Pradesh
1600
Arunachal Pradesh
2000
Arunachal Pradesh
1600
Maharashtra
20
Uttranchal
240
Uttranchal
280
Uttranchal
440
Sikkim
495
Total
12115

PROJECTS UNDER SURVEY AND INVESTIGATION (Stage-I)

S. No.

Project

State

Siang (Upper/Inter.)

Arunachal Pradesh
Total

Capacity
(MW)
11000
11000

PROJECTS IN PIPELINE
Projects Taken up for DPR under Prime Minister's 50,000 MW
Hydroelectric Initiative
Capacity
S. No.
Project
State
(MW)
1
Etalin
Arunachal Pradesh 4000
2
Naba
Arunachal Pradesh
1000
3
Niare
Arunachal Pradesh
800
4
Attunli
Arunachal Pradesh
500
5
Shamnot
Jammu & Kashmir
370
6
Ratle
Jammu & Kashmir
560
7
Kiru
Jammu & Kashmir
430
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Kawar

Projects in Pipeline
Project
State

S. No.
1
2
3
4

Jammu & Kashmir

Total

Karmoli Lumti Tulli

Garba Tawaghat
Chungar Chal
Lachen

Uttranchal
Uttranchal
Uttranchal
Sikkim
Total

320
7980

Capacity
(MW)
55
630
240
210
1135

SMALL HYDRO/GEOTHERMAL PROJECTS

Kambang Project (6MW), Ar. Pradesh: In Kambang project about 90 % of earth
work and 84% concreting work has been completed. Erections of E&M equipments
are in full swing. Works are in advance stage of commissioning.
Sippi Project (4MW), Ar. Pradesh: In Sippi project about 80 % of earth work and
41% concreting work has been completed.

PROJECTS ON DEPOSIT / TURNKEY CONTRACT BASIS

Project
Devighat
Kurichu
Kalpong
Sippi
Kambang

Country / State

Capacity

Nepal
Bhutan
Andaman &
Nicobar
Arunachal
Pradesh
Arunachal
Pradesh
Total

(MW)
14.10
60.00
5.25
4.00
6.00

Status
Completed
Completed
Completed
Under
Construction
Under
Construction

89.35

PROJECTS IN JOINT VENTURE

Narmada Hydroelectric Development Corporation Ltd. (NHDC)
Project
State
Capacity (MW)
Status
Commissioned
Indira Sagar
M.P
1000 ( 8 x 125
MW )
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Omkareshwar

M.P
Total

520 ( 8 x 65 MW
)
1520 MW

Under Construction

LOCATION MAP OF NHPC PROJECTS

Fig 2. Location of NHPC Projects

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EXPERTISE OF NHPC IN HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS

A. World Class expertise in Design & Hydroelectric Projects
B. Construction of underground works of medium to large dimensions in all types of
rock conditions.
C. Construction of medium to large diversion structures.
D. Handling sophisticated indigenous as well as imported construction equipment.
E. Tackling operation and maintenance problems of hydroelectric projects
particularly in Himalayan region.
F. Equipped with state of art equipment and techniques for investigation of projects
and preparation of detailed project reports.
G. Information technology and communication:
Very large network of personal computers.
VSAT based satellite communication network
Software development in house on oracle/developer 2000 platforms.
H. Consultancy Services :
Detailed Investigation
River basin studies
Preparation of DPRs
Design and Engineering
Tender documents and evaluation of Bids
Construction planning and management
Environment management
Operation and management
Quality control and assurance
Renovation and modernization of power plants

REHABILIATION & RESETTLEMENT

The basic law which has guided the R & R of the displaced people has been the
Land Acquisition Act of 1894 where the Government is empowered to acquire any
land for public purpose and to pay cash compensation determined by it according
to a prescribed procedure. As a part of EIA process, Resettlement and Rehabilitation
packages for people being displaced are also assessed by MOEF.

METHODOLOGY OF FORMULATION OF R & R PLAN

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a. Socio-economic and Ethnographic Survey: A detailed socio-economic

survey is conducted before formulation of Resettlement and Rehabilitation
(R&R) Plan for the Project Affected Persons (PAPs). In places where ethnic
minorities dominate, as in Sikkim, a separate Ethnographic Survey has also
been conducted to understand the local culture and behaviour of the people.
b. Formulation of R & R Plan: The R & R plan is formulated in association with
State Revenue Department, District Administration and representatives of the
local people. After the Plan is formulated, it is forwarded to the concerned
State Government for its approval and modification, if any. The revised Plan
is then in some case is sent to the Ministry of Environment and Forests for
final approval. NHPC makes every effort towards socio-economic upliftment
of the affected people thereby improving their quality of life.
c. Implementation: After getting approval from MOEF or from the concerned
Department of the State Government, the Plan is set for implementation by
NHPC in close coordination with the District Administration.
d. Monitoring: To ensure effective implementation of the R & R Plan a
Monitoring Committee is constituted (project level) at each project comprising
of State Government Officials, representatives from the affected families,
officials from NHPC, a representative from State Forest Department, and a
Senior Citizen of the area/Member Legislative Assembly (generally an elected
representative of the local residents of the area). Apart from this a Grievance
Redressal System is also set up where the affected people can send in their
grievance, if any.
This aspect is also monitored by a Central Level Monitoring Committee
with representatives from MOEF, constituted for overall environmental
safeguards.

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DESIGN E & M (ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL) DIVISION

Objectives
1. Planning and preparation of Electrical and Mechanical design for DPR of new
projects and assistance in clearance by CWC & CEA.
2. Power Potential Studies, Power System Studies and Detailed Engineering.
3. Preparation of Technical specification of Electrical and Mechanical
equipments and various units of Power House and Switchyard.
4. Standardization of Technical specification for Electrical and Mechanical
equipments.
5. Assistance in evaluation of all tenders pertaining to Electrical and Mechanical
equipments and systems of Power House and Switchyard.
6. Detailed Engineering of E & M equipments, approval of civil, E & M drawings
etc.
7. Technical / Design support to projects.
8. Professional up gradation including recommending training programs for
employees in the division.
9. Preparation of operation manuals for electro-mechanical
installations/equipments.
10. Assistance in preparation of project completion reports.

DATA GROUP
Objectives
1. Engineering Data
2. Collection group
3. EDP Related Works of DEM Division.
4. ERP Coordination.
5. Standardization of all existing processes of designing.
6. To device a methodology with or without the help of software for managing
data.
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Oceans cover more than 70% of the earth's surface, making them the world's largest
source of hydro energy. There are many different ways to extract energy from water.
Seawater is the source of deuterium, the ideal fuel for nuclear fusion. Surface water
also stores a massive amount of solar energy that can be exploited to design
thermal power plants. In addition, water contains mechanical energy that can be
converted to useful work in the form of the potential energy of waterfalls, tides, and
ocean waves. According to some estimates, these resources have the potential to
produce 1-2 terawatts of electricity, enough to cover the energy demands of the
entire globe, but tapping into most of that potential is not yet economically feasible.

HYDROPOWER GENERATION AND ITS PRINCIPLES

Egyptians harnessed energy from flowing water about 2,000 years ago by turning
waterwheels to grind their grain. These primitive devices allowed the force of falling
water to act on a waterwheel and provide rotational energy or shaft power. Through
the centuries, mechanisms were designed to facilitate many other applications
beyond the simple grain mills of the Egyptians. By the time of the industrial
revolution, waterpower was used to drive tens of thousands of waterwheels. Today,
hydropower is the most widely available renewable energy, and is used almost
exclusively for electric power generation. Hydropower provides 19% of all electricity
used around the world.
Two medieval varieties of waterwheels were undershot and overshot wheels.
Undershot refers to a paddle wheel fixed to the bank of a river or hung from an
overhead bridge. It is turned by the impulse of the water current. Overshot water
mills work by bringing a stream of water through a pipe or canal and pouring it onto
the wheel from above.

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Undershot Wheel

Overshot Wheel

HYDROPOWER PLANT
The most common type of hydropower plant uses a dam on a river to store water in
a reservoir. Water released from the reservoir flows through a turbine, spinning it,
which, in turn, activates a generator to produce electricity. But hydropower doesn't
necessarily require a large dam. Some hydropower plants just use a small canal to
channel the river water through a turbine.
MAIN PARTS OF HYDROPOWER PLANT

Fig 3. Inside a Hydropower project

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Fig 4. Side view of HE project

Fig 5. Section view of HE project

Fig 6. Penstock

1. Dam - Most hydropower plants rely on a dam that holds back water, creating a
large reservoir. Often, this reservoir is used as a recreational lake, such as Lake
Roosevelt at the Grand Coulee Dam in Washington State.
2. Intake - Gates on the dam open and gravity pulls the water through the penstock,
a pipeline that leads to the turbine. Water builds up pressure as it flows through
this pipe.
3. Turbine - The water strikes and turns the large blades of a turbine, which is
attached to a generator above it by way of a shaft. The most common type of turbine
for hydropower plants is the Francis Turbine, which looks like a big disc with curved
blades. A turbine can weigh as much as 172 tons and turn at a rate of 90 revolutions
per minute (rpm), according to the Foundation for Water & Energy Education
(FWEE).
4. Generators - As the turbine blades turn, so do a series of magnets inside the
generator. Giant magnets rotate past copper coils, producing alternating current
(AC) by moving electrons.
5. Transformer - The transformer inside the powerhouse takes the AC and converts
it to higher-voltage current.
6. Power lines - Out of every power plant come four wires: the three phases of
power being produced simultaneously plus a neutral or ground common to all three.
7. Outflow - Used water is carried through pipelines, called tailraces, and re-enters
the river downstream.

TYPES OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS

There are three kinds of hydropower plants: storage plants, pumped storage plants,
and run-of-the-river plants.

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Storage plants impound and store water in a reservoir formed behind a dam.
During peak demands, where sufficient electricity cannot be generated by
conventional means, enough water is released from the reservoir to meet additional
power requirements. The water storage and release cycles can be relatively short
(storing water at night for daytime power generation), or long (storing spring runoff
for power generation in the summer). In these plants, water always flows downward
from a storage reservoir behind a dam to the turbine.
The major objection to these plants is that the water flow rate downstream from the
dam can change greatly, causing a sudden power surge. This often involves
dramatic environmental consequences including soil erosion, degrading shorelines,
crop damage, disrupting fisheries and other wildlife, and even flooding and droughts.
Pumped storage plants (PSP) reuse water after it is initially used to generate
electricity. This is accomplished by pumping water back into a storage tank at a
higher elevation during off-peak hours when the need for electric power is low.
During peak demands and when there is an unexpected spike in the electrical load,
water is allowed to flow back into the lower reservoir to produce more electricity. An
important advantage of PSPs is the quick delivery of power during emergencies and
power surges. In comparison, a typical coal- or natural gas-fired power plant takes
many hours to start. In the United States, about one quarter of all hydropower
generated is from pumped storage plants.
In modern pumped storage plants, the same turbine-generator that generates
electricity from falling water can also be used to pump the water back into the
storage tank. In this case, the generator changes the direction of the electric field,
forcing the turbine to rotate in the reverse direction and act as a motor, which runs
the pump.
Run-of-River Plants are typically low dams where the amount of water running
through the turbine varies with the flow rate of water in the river. The flow rate of
water in the run-of-river plants is usually smaller than in pumped storage plants, and
the amount of electricity that is generated changes continuously with seasons and
weather conditions. Since these plants do not block water in a reservoir, their
environmental impact is minimal. A peaking plant can be turned into a run-of-river
plant if a healthy stream of water is allowed to flow downstream of the dam from the
reservoir.

PLANT DESIGN
Water used by a hydroelectric plant is usually stored behind a dam at a certain
elevation above the turbine. Turbines are devices that are used to convert the
energy of a moving fluid (usually water, steam, or air) into the rotational energy of a
shaft. The water flows through a penstock and through the blades of the turbine,
causing the turbine to rotate. The turbine shaft then turns a generator shaft and
electricity is produced. Gates and valves depending on the amount of electric energy
required can control the flow through the turbine.
In a typical small hydro scheme, a portion of the water is diverted from a river or
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stream through an intake valve to a man-made weir, and passed through a heavy
metal screen into a settling chamber in which stones, timbers and other debris are
removed and suspended particles of dirt settled before entering the turbine. Since no
reservoir is blocking the flow of water, the impact on the river and habitat is
minimized.
Depending on application, either an impulse or a reaction turbine is used. In an
impulse turbine, the available head is converted into kinetic energy by a contracting
nozzle. The high velocity jet then impinges on the blades and turns the turbine. The
most common impulse turbines are of the Pelton type, where a series of cupped
buckets are set around its rim. A high-speed jet of water enters the wheel
tangentially, and since water is deflected 180 degrees by the cups, nearly the entire
momentum of the water is used to impart an impulse that forces the wheel to turn.
The operator of an impulse turbine lets in air in order to maintain atmospheric
pressure on the water before and after impinging the blades. Impulse turbines are
used most often with heads exceeding 300 meters.

HYDRO TURBINES
TYPES OF HYDRO-TURBINES :

A) Reaction Turbines
1.
2.
3.
4.

Francis
Kaplan
Propeller
Bulb

B) Impulse Turbines
1. Pelton
Head Range
2m

to

70 m

Kaplan

30m

to

450 m

Francis

300m to

1700 m

Pelton

MAJOR COMPONENTS OF TURBINE:

1. Draft Tube/Draft Tube Cone

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2. Spiral Case
3. Stay Ring/Vanes
4. Distributor
Guide Vanes/Nozzles(Deflectors)
Top Cover/Head Cover
Lower Ring/Pivot/Bottom Ring
5. Runner and Labyrinths
6. Turbine shaft
7. Turbine pit liner (Upper & Lower)
8. Turbine guide bearing
Housing
TGB Pads
9. Servomotors
10. Regulating ring/Regulating Mechanism
11. Shaft seal
12. Governor & OPU system

Specific speed of a turbine: The specific speed (m-KW system) of a turbine is the
speed of a geometrically similar turbine that would develop one kW power under a
head of one meter.
Specific Speed in M-KW System
Francis

60

Kaplan

300

Pelton

to 400
to 1100
to

60

VALVES:
There are two types of valves:
1. Spherical valve: It is used where the head is high, i.e. to sustain high pressure.
(For Heads above 200m)
1.
2. Butterfly valve: It is used where the inlet pressure of water is comparatively
lower.
(For Heads above 200m)

They are used in

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1. Penstocks
2. Turbine Inlet Valve

POWER HOUSE
POWER HOUSE BUILDING CONSISTS OF THREE MAIN AREAS NAMELY
1. Machine Hall/Unit Bay
2. Erection/Service Bay
3. Control Room/Auxiliary Bay

PROCEDURE FOR DIMENSIONING OF POWER HOUSE

Head Calculation.
Selection of specific speed and synchronous speed of turbine.
Fixing the turbine setting
Calculation of discharge diameter.
Calculation of spiral case dimensions
Calculation of draft tube dimensions
Calculation of Generator dimensions.
Finalization of overall dimensions of the power house.

HEAD CALCULATION
Avg. Gross Head

= MDDL + 2/3(FRL - MDDL) -TWL(4 Units Running)

= 203 + 2/3(208 - 203) -184.24
= 22.09 m.
Rated/Net Head = Avg. Gross Head - Head Loss
= 22.09 - 0.75
= 21.34 m.
Max. Gross Head = FRL - min TWL
= 208.00 - 181.78
= 26.22 m

Max. Net Head

= Max. Gross Head-Head Loss

= 26.22-0.75
= 25.47 m
Min. Gross Head = MDDL - TWL(4 Units Running)
= 203.00 - 184.24
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 Min. Net Head

= 18.76m
= Min. Gross Head - Head Loss
=18.76 - 0.75
=18.01 m.

SELECTION OF MACHINE SPEED

From economical point of view, the turbine and generator should have the highest
practicable speed to develop given hydropower for given design head. However,
final speed may be selected considering the following parameters:
Variation of head,
Silt content,
Cavitation,
Vibrations,
Drop in peak efficiency etc.
From the available formulae, the specific speed for a specific head is calculated.
Then for even number of poles of generator, rated speed is obtained. On the basis
of this rated speed, corrected specific speed is calculated.

CALCULATION OF SPEED:
Specific speed w.r.t. Head
Kaplan Turbine, Ns = 2570 * H-0.5
= 2334 * H-0.5

.HARZA
.USBR

Francis Turbine, Ns = 3470 * H-0.625

.HARZA
Rated Speed
N = Ns * H5/4 * P-1/2
Synchronous speed (N=120f/p) nearest to Rated speed obtained from above
formulae is selected.

Corrected Specific speed, Ns = N * P1/2/H5/4

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