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Synopsis
PAR
Narrow
Beam
PAR
Wide
Beam
SCIENCE
Quantitative
ART
Qualitative
SCIENCE
ART
Quantitative
Qualitative
50 lux
100 lux
250.8 296.3 327.1 365.3 394.4 401.2 394.4 360.9 271.2 156.1
150 lux
200 lux
283.2 334.9 371.9 426.1 476.3 495.3 491.2 444.5 323.4 129.3
250 lux
300 lux
300 159.4
287.6 337.7 370.0 414.9 460.5 483.7 484.0 438.5 318.5
350 lux
400 lux
284.9 330.8 352.6 378.7 404.8 421.2 423.8 391.5 289.0 146.6
450 lux
500 lux
Lighting Concepts
10
Nighttime vision)
The human
eye shift its
response to
around 500nm
(which is
bluish-green).
Daytime vision
The human eye is most
sensitive to light at
555nm
(which
is
yellowish green light).
11
12
13
14
15
16
The intensity of E falls in relation to the square of the distance from the
light source (inverse square law).
17
ILLUMINANCE
METER
17th April 2015
18
Luminance (L in cd/m)
19
20
Urban Centres
BS 5489
Class
Class
Uo
E (lux)
Class
cd/m
Uo
E (lux)
cd/m
1.5
0.4
NA
Classification M1 to M5
NA
NA
30
NA
NA
25
NA
NA
25
NA
NA
15
1.5
0.4
MA
Suburbs
NA
NA
25
NA
NA
20
NA
NA
15
NA
NA
10
/vehicular
mixed
pedestrian
Classification M1 to M5
/vehicular
Suburbs wholly pedestrian
21
22
Cone Cells
o
o
o
o
Rod Cells
o Responsible for photopic vision
o 100 times more sensitive than Cone Cells,
stimulated by very low level of light
(photon)
o Most sensitive @ 498nm (blue-green)
o Approx 125 million rod cells in the retina.
17th April 2015
23
24
25
CRI = 85
CRI = 90
CRI = 70
CRI = 80
17th April 2015
26
27
28
29
CRI = 30
Colour Temperature
30
32
Lamps Selection
Discharge
Incandescent
Halogen
Low Pressure
High Pressure
A- General
Service
Mains
Voltage
Fluorescent
Mercury
Compact
flourescent
Metal Halide
Low pressure
Sodium
High pressure
Sodium
R- Reflector
Low Voltage
PAR- Parabolic
Alum. Reflector
PAR
Narrow
Beam
Electrodeless
Thermal
Solid State
Lamps
LED
Flouresc.
Induction
R.F.
Plasma
PAR
Wide
Beam
33
Thermal Incandescent
Incandescent
A
R
PAR
34
Thermal Incandescent
Power
(W)
5
15
25
35
40
50
55
60
65
70
75
90
95
100
135
150
200
300
Output
(lm)
25
110
200
350
500
700
800
850
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,450
1,600
1,700
2,350
2,850
3,900
6,200
Efficacy (lm/W)
5
7.3
8.0
10.0
12.5
14.0
14.2
14.5
15.4
15.7
16.0
16.1
16.8
17.0
17.4
19.0
19.5
20.7
17th April 2015
35
Thermal - Halogen
Halogen
cycle
Halogen
230V
Halogen
operates
at
higher
36
Thermal Halogen
37
Surface
contaminant,
finger-prints
can
e.g.
damage
38
Discharge Lamps
39
Fluorescent
Fluorescent are low pressure discharge doped with small amount of mercury. The
mercury vapour emits UV light which is converted to visible light by the phosphor
coating on the inside tube of fluorescent.
Tube diameter
Imperial
Metric
T2
T4
N/A
Tube diameter
Inches
mm
2/ "
8
approx
4/
N/A
5/
8"
T5
T16
8"
T8
T26
8/
8"
1"
T9
T29
9/
8"
11/8"
T12
T38
12/
8"
11/2"
PG17
N/A
17/
8"
21/8"
Notes
12
15.875
25.4
40
Flourescent
Halophosphate tubes
Numeric color code
Color
Approximate CRI
27
33
Warm white
Cool white
50 - 79
50 - 79
2700
4000
83
80
3000
84
80
4000
Color
Approximate CRI
827
840
Warm white
Cool white
~85
~85
2700
4000
865
Cool daylight
~85
6500
Color
Approximate CRI
927
940
Warm white
Cool white
~95
~95
2700
4000
965
Cool daylight
~95
6500
Tri-phosphor tubes
Multi-phosphor tubes
41
Linear Fluorescent T5
(From manufacturers' catalogs; Philips Lighting 2001/2002; GE Lighting 2001/2002)
CCT
(K)
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500
Lamp Efficacy**
(lm/W)
96
100
104
104
T5 HO
24W
T5 HO
39W
T5 HO
54W
T5 HO
80W
22
3,000-6,500
2,000
1,880-1,895
83
34
3,000-6,500
3,500
3,290-3,320
90
46
3,000-6,500
5,000
4,700-4,740
93
58
3,000-6,500
7,000
6,580-6,650
88
** Lamp efficacies are calculated based on the initial light output data.
*Light outputs are measured during lamp operation on reference ballasts under standard
laboratory conditions. T5 lamps are operated at 35C (95F) compared to T8 and T12 lamps,
which are operated at 25C(77F). Mean light output means lamp light output at 40% of rated
lamp life.
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42
Linear Fluorescent T8
T12 40W
T12 34W
(in)
48
RE70
Initial
Mean
3,000-6,500 70-75 3,050-3,250 2,775-2,950
(lm/W)
81
48
RE80
85
48
RE70
82
48
RE80
85
48
RE70
89
48
RE80
3,000-5,000
92
T8 32W
86
2,800-2,950 2,660-2,800
* RE70 designates rare-earth phosphor with CRI values from 70 to 79. RE80 is rare-earth phosphor
with CRI values of 80-89.
** Lamp efficacies are calculated based on the initial light output data.
***Light outputs are measured during lamp operation on reference ballasts under standard
laboratory conditions. T5 lamps are operated at 35C (95F) compared to T8 and T12 lamps, which
are operated at 25C(77F). Mean light output means lamp light output at 40% of rated lamp life.
17th April 2015
43
Compact Fluorescent
44
H.P. Mercury
45
Metal Halide
H.P. Sodium
46
47
48
49
50
Lamp Colour
51
Lamp Colour
52
53
54
Fluorescent Lamps
Produce a combined spectrum a continuous or broad spectra from
their phosphor plus the line spectra of the mercury discharge
55
56
Lamps
Mercury
Metal
Halide
High
Pressure
Sodium
Low
Pressure
Sodium
2 - 10
50 1,000
70
1,500
35 1,000
18 180
1,000
3,200
200
1,000
1,000
45,000
7,000
150,000
2,000
140,000
1,800
40,000
75 81
40 60
30 - 55
60 95
60 125
80 180
85% (80%)
75%
(65%)
90% (70%)
100%
(100%)
35,000
50,000
18000
24000
10000 20000
18000 24000
16000
40 - 90
30 80
80 90
20 39
< 20
Incandescent
Linear
Fluores.
Compact
fluores.
LED
Wattage
25 - 150
18 - 95
13 26
Output
(lumens)
210
2,700
1,000
7,500
Efficiency
(lm/watt)
8 - 18
55 79
Lumen
Maintnce
90%
(85%)
85%
(80%)
Lamp Life
(hours)
750
2000
10000
20000
10,000
80 95
30 90
30 90
CRI
Note
Wattage and output refers to the common available lamp rating for outdoor lightings.
Efficiency refers to luminous efficiency taken at 50% mean lifetime and do not include ballast loss.
Lumen Maintenance refers to percent of initial lamp output at 50% of mean lifetime and at end of lifetime
(parenthesis).
Lamp life refers to the approximate mean lifetime of lamp.
17th April 2015
58
MS1525
MS 1525:2014
Energy efficiency
and use of
r e n e w a b l e
energy for nonresidential
buildings Code
of practice
(third edition)
17th April 2015
59
MS1525 Content
First Edition 2001
Second Edition 2007
Third Edition - 2014
Section 1 Scope
Section 2 Normative reference
Section 3 Terms and definitions
Section 4 Architectural and passive design
Strategy
Section 5 Building envelope
Section 6 Lighting design
Section 7 Electric power and distribution
Section 8 Air conditioning and mechanical
ventilation (ACMV) system
Section 9 Energy management control
system
Section 19 Building
energy
simulation
method
(an
alternative
compliance method)
17th April 2015
60
61
E Level (Lux)
Power Rate
(W/m)
200 lux
15 W/m
Offices
15 W/m
Classrooms/lecture theatres
15 W/m
Working Area
Restaurants
Auditoriums/Concert Halls
Refer MS8993
(200lux)
15 W/m
Hotel/Motel/Guest Rooms
Refer MS 8993
15 W/m
Lobbies/Atrium/Concourse
100 lux
20 W/m
25 W/m
Store/Warehouse/Corridors/Toilets
100 lux
10 W/m
Car Parks
100 lux
6 W/m
Supermarkets/Dept Store/Shops
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
2007 Ed
6W
69
2007 Ed values of
power intensities
too high /easy
2013 Ed Lux level
correlated with power
intensities
2013 Ed power intensities
at lower values
17th April 2015
70
Lower Power
Intensities for
Lighting are
correlated from
ASHRAE 90.1
71
1525-2013
ASHRAE 90.1
5W/m
5W/m
0.5W/ft
20W/m
5W/m
1.3W/ft
15W/m
14W/m
1.5W/ft
Drawing Office
? W/m
14W/m
?? W/ft
? W/m
18W/m
1.4W/ft
Shops, supermarket
25W/m
24W/m
5W/m
Exacting drawing
? W/m
40W/m
?? W/ft
15W/m
8W/m
0.9W/ft
72
73
74
74 Reviewing Section 6
Conclusion Higher Standard of E.E. for Lighting
1. Min. Safety Standard has precedence over E.E.
2. Correlation of CRI (which is a health issue) with lamp efficiency
(primarily to address issues of SSL)
3. Previous edition prescribe Power Intensities which are too low.
Draft 2013 edition sets higher standard of EE. which is already
industry norm and to align with international practice.
4. Ballast loss are also set to higher standards to take into account
current development in industry.
76
MEPS Lighting
Type
T8
T5
Table 2. Self ballasted single capped lamps (compact fluorescent lamps CFL) for general lighting services
77
MEPS Lighting
Table 4. Self ballasted Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps for general lighting
services
77
77
81
82
83
84
R E K A
S E S S I O N
Consulting Engineers
mektricon@gmail.com