Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Mr. Mangan
IB2 ESS
26 October 2016
5.1 Introduction to Soil Systems
O / Organic horizon:
- decomposed litter
- partly decomposed (fermenting) litter
- well-decomposed humus
A / Mixed mineral-organic horizon:
- humus
- ploughed (field or garden)
- gleyed or waterlogged
E / Eluvial or leached horizon:
- strongly leached, ash coloured horizon, as in
a podzol
- weakly bleached, light brown horizon, as in a
brown earth
B / Illuvial or deposited horizon:
- iron deposited
- clay deposited
- humus deposited
C / Bedrock or parent material:
- rock
- unconsolidated materials
Texture
Nutrient
Capacity
Good
Infiltration
Aeration
Workability
Poor
Good
Poor
Poor
Medium
Medium
Poor-medium
Poor-medium
Medium
Poor
Good
Poor
Good
Good
Medium
Medium
Medium
Medium
Medium
Clay
Silt
Sand
Loam
20% clay, 40-60% sand
and 80% silt
productivity of Soil
II
Primary
After looking at the structure & properties of the types of soil, predict which will have the greatest primary productivity = Loam
O Organic
older soils)
T clay deposited
H humus deposited
R rock
U unconsolidated materials
Drain away from soil, ash, or similar material by the action of percolating liquid (rainwater)
Wetland soil that is saturated with groundwater for long enough periods to develop gleyic colour pattern
Feralization
Podsolization
Process of soil formation especially in humid regions involving principally leaching of the upper layers with te accumulation of material
in lower layers and development of horizon (specifically, development of a podzol)
Salinization
Humus
Weathering
Erosion
Eluvium
Alluvium
Deposit of clay, silt, and sand left by flowing floodwater in a river valley or delta, typically producing fertile soil
Illuvium
Material displaces across a soil profile, from one layer to another, by action of rainwater
V
1. Define what we mean by the term soil?
Soil system storage including organic matter, organisms, nutrients, minerals, air, and water.
2. Describe how soil is a mixture of the lithosphere/biosphere/atmosphere/hydrosphere
All the gasses condense and form parts of the soil, and helps makes plants which also release gasses back up.
3. Draw and label a systems diagram of soil using inputs/outputs and stores.
4. What is a soil profile (and horizon)? Draw a sample profile with details of all the main layers.
VI Group Work
7. Create a graphic organizer on soil systems that should include the following: inputs, outputs and processes, transfers, transformations.
VII
1. Identify the biome where the soil compartment represents the largest store of nutrients.
Deciduous
2. Explain the importance of soil organisms in ecosystems.
Allows plants to grow, more producers, primary consumers can consume them and the food web is made. Richer soil, more plants and more
food for everyone
Figure 1
Figure 2 below shows the composition of two soil samples, Soil A and Soil B. Soil A is classified as clay and its position is indicated on Figure 1.
Figure 2
a. With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2, determine the classification of Soil B.
Loam
b. Deduce, giving a reason, whether Soil A or Soil B would be best for growing crops.
i.
ii.