Quiz!!!

1. Three states of matter are:

A. Weight, density, volume
B. Solid, liquid, gas
C. Water, metal, gas
2. Anything that has definite volume but no definite
shape?
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas

3. A fluid is
A. A gas
B. A liquid
C. Either a gas or a liquid
4. The attraction force between the molecules of .........
is largest.
A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas

5. What force pull liquid toward the ground?

A. Pressure
B. Gravity
C. Temperature
6. When a substance goes from one state to another
state. It is
A. Physical change
B. Chemical change

7. As pressure of a system changes, boiling point can change in what

direction?
A.
Increase
B.
Decrease
C.
Both
D.
Neither

8. According to Bernoulli's principle, as the velocity of a fluid

increases what decreases?
a.mass
b.acceleration
c.pressure
d.speed

PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Nguyen Van Khanh khanhnv135@gmail.com
English for Mechanical Engineering

Over view
Definition:
- machines designed to add energy to fluids.
- using a rotating/moving element to push the fluid in
one direction

Pumps vs. Turbine:

Deliver energy to fluid: Pumps
Extract energy from fluid: Turbines

Physical working principles

-
-

PRESSURE DIFFERENCE:
Vacuum Filling
forcing a fixed volume of fluid from inlet pressure section
into discharge zone

PRESSURE SPEED; PRESSURE VOLUME

developing a high liquid velocity & converting it to

pressure in a diffusing flow passage

Types of Pumps
PUMPS
POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT

DYNAMIC

RECIPROCATING

ROTARY

CENTRIFUGAL

AXIAL
FLOW

GEAR

DIAPHRAGM

VOLUTE

RADIAL
PISTON

PISTON
PLUNGER

DIFFUSER

ROTARY PUMPS
Liquid is allowed to flow into the pump as the cavity on
the suction side expands and the liquid is forced out of
the discharge as the cavity collapses.

GEAR

LOBE

GEAR PUMPS

Liquid is allowed to flow into the pump as the cavity on

the suction side expands and the liquid is forced out of
the discharge as the cavity collapses.

LOBE PUMP

Piston
Fluid
SUCTION
VALVE

OUTLET
VALVE

RECIPROCAL PUMPS

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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
Centrifugal Force:
The tendency of an object following a curved path to fly away
from the center of curvature. Centrifugal force is not a true force; it
is a form of inertia (the tendency of objects that are moving in a
straight line to continue moving in a straight line)

Centrifugal pump

Structure
Main components:
- Impeller
- Casing
- Pump Shaft
- Bearings
- Seal & Packing

Impellers

Impellers

Straight-vane radial flow

Axial-flow

Mixed-flow

Radial Impeller:

Open

Semi-open

Closed

Pump Casing
2

main types
Volute casing

Diffuser casing

Volute casing and impeller

Diffuser casing and impeller

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Classification

Number of suction eyes:

Single suction

Double suction

Classification

Number of stages

Single stage

Multi-stage

Classification
Impeller design: open, semi-open, closed
Impeller - Bearing position: overhung, between
bearing
Shaft position: vertical, horizontal
Pump casing design: volute, diffuser
Fluid flow: radial, axial flow

Operation

Operation

AXIAL-FLOW PUMPS
vTHE FLOW INTO (CALLED
"SUCTION") AND THE FLOW
OUT FROM (CALLED
"DISCHARGE") BOTH GO IN
THE SAME DIRECTION AS
THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF
THE BLADES
vSIMILAR TO A FAN, AXIAL
PUMPS ARE USUALLY USED
TO MAKE FLUID GO FASTER
WITHOUT INCREASING ITS
PRESSURE
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Useful links
How the propeller works:
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iopks5YjJj4)