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Informatics
It is an art and science of turning data into information.
Nursing science
Using of the patients data to improve care and managing health data and research.
Evidence gathering, researching, knowledge generation, knowledge integration, decision
making and integration.
Information Science
It is the compiling of data information
It is a form of data mining which involves finding patterns in data.
Functions to improve the ability to access, organize, evaluate, and utilize information.
Computer science
Understanding of basics of the computer hardware, computer software, ergonomics and
computer programming languages.
This includes the formal representation of evidence in computer based systems and the
use of machinery to access data and information system.
Basic Components of Nursing Informatics
Competency Levels of Nursing Informatics
a. Technical level
Related to the actual psychomotor use of computers and other technological equipment
Includes the ability to use selected applications in a comfortable and knowledgeable way.
b. Utility level
Related to the process of using technology within nursing practice, education, research, and
administration.
Includes the process of applying evidenced based practice, critical thinking and accountability
in the use of selected application in an comfortable and knowledgeable way.
c. Leadership Level
Related to the ethical and management issues and using technology within nursing practice,
education, research and administration.
Includes the process of applying accountability, client privacy and confidentiality and quality
assurance in documentation in the use of selected application in a comfortable and
knowledgeable way.
Computer systems
A. Computer
A device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs
high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or
otherwise processes information.
Is a machine that uses electronic components to perform calculations and repetitive and
complex procedures, process text, and manipulate data and signals.
1. Computer Hardware
All of the physical components of the machine itself.
The basic hardware of a computer includes the electronic circuits, microchips,
processors, and the motherboard itself inside the computer housing.
Includes devices that are peripheral to the main computer box
Computer Hardware Fundamentals
Motherboard
is a content of any computer box. It is a thin, flat sheet made of a firm, non-conducting
material on which the internal components-printed circuits, chips, slots, and so on-of
the computer are mounted.
Basic Components of the Computer
1. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
a. The brains of the computer
b. Consist of one arithmetic and logic units, and memory.
c. CPU chip is attached to the motherboard.
2. Memory
- It is where the data are stored
Two types of memory:
a. Read Only Memory (ROM)
b. Random Access Memory (RAM)
. Types of Memory
*Read Only Memory is a form of permanent storage. Data and programs in ROM can only be
read by the computer, and cannot be erased. Can store data even in state of dormancy
*Random Access Memory refers to working memory used for primary storage. It is volatile
(changeable) and used as temporary storage.
RAM speed is expressed in megahertz (MHz)
3. Input and Output devices
These are wired to a controller that is plugged into the slots or circuit boards of the computer.
INPUT DEVICES
-It allows the computer to receive information
from the outside world.
Input Devices
a. Keyboard
b. Mouse
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
Touch screen
Light pen
Voice
Scanner
Security devices detects users fingerprints, retinal prints, voiceprints, other physical
characteristics that identify users who have clearance to use the system.
h. Electrodes on patients body for computerized physiologic monitoring.
Output Devices
It allows the computer to report its result to the external world in form of text, data files,
sound, graphics, or signals to other devices.
a. Monitor (display screen)
b. Printer
4. Storage Media
Includes the main memory but also external devices on which programs and data are stored.
a. Hard drive
b. Diskettes
c. CD-ROM is a form of optical storage. Optical media are read by laser eye rather
than a magnet (Columbia Encyclopaedia, 2003)
d. USB (Universal Serial Bus)/ Flash drive
Other output devices
a. Magnetic tape drives it run magnetic tape which is similar to the tape in any music
tape player. Popular in 1980s-1990s but today are obsolete for home use.
b. Zip drives more similar to ordinary floppy disks, but are of higher capacity.
5. Computer Power
a. The term bits and bytes refer to how the machine stores information at the lowest, or
closest to machine registers and memory, level.
b. Computer do not process information as words or numbers.
c. They handle information as words or numbers.
d. They handle information in bytes. A byte is made up of 8 bits.
6. Computer Speed
a. The CPU speed is measured in cycles per seconds clock speed of the computer.
b. Megahertz(MHz) speed of 1 million cycles per second.
Classes of computers
A. Analog Computer
a. The analog computer operates on continuous physical or electrical magnitudes, measuring
ongoing continuous analog quantities such as voltage, current, temperature, and pressure.
b. Hospital nursing departments are using PCs to process applications such as patient
classification, nurse staffing and scheduling, and personnel management applications.
c. * They are also found in educational and research settings, where they are used to
conduct a multitude of special educational and scientific function.
* Desktop can also serve as stand-alone workstations and can be linked to a network
system to increase their capabilities.
* Also available as portable, laptop, notebook, and handheld computers.
Handheld computers are small, special function computers, although a few full function
handheld computers were introduced in the late 1990s.
a. More popular are palm-sized computers, including personal digital assistants (PDAs), which
are the smallest of the handheld computers.
b. PDA is a very small special function handheld computer which provides calendar, contacts,
and note-taking functions, and a variety of other functions (Hyperdictionary, 2004).