Alexia Sberna

20164172

ESSAY FORMATTING AND

REFWORKS
ED1113

Table of Contents
Overview............................................................................3
Discussion...........................................................................3
Examples............................................................................4
Format..............................................................................4
Summary............................................................................ 5
References........................................................................... 5

(Weintraub)

APA Style Sample

2

Overview
American Psychological Association (APA) style is primarily used in the
social science disciplines. It is formatted like Modern Language Association (MLA),
and shows many similarities, but is unique in several key points. This paper discusses
the APA in detail. Addressing plagiarism has become a major challenge in education
(Bretag, 2013), and educating students in referencing correctly with the APA 6th is
one way of trying to overcome the problem.

Discussion
APA uses parenthetical (or in-text) citations within sentences, but rather than
indicating the author's name and page number, APA includes author's name and date
of publication. The page number, represented with a p. or a pp., is only added to the
citation when using a direct quote (not a summary or paraphrase). If the author's
name is mentioned in the sentence, then place the date of publication in parentheses
directly after the name. If the name is not mentioned include the author's name and
date in parentheses at the end of the source material. And, if you use a direct quote,
place the page number after the publication date within the parentheses.

Examples
Note the difference between the following three examples:

Terrance

(1999) has presented poignant examples from 150 interviews. However, it has been
pointed out that the research was conducted in a selective, highly biased way (Strong,
R.L., & Porter, M., 1998).All of the interviewees have been called exceptions to the
norm(Strong, R.L., & Porter, M., 1998)
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Note the first example paraphrases an author that is named in the sentence, the
second example paraphrases authors that are not named in the sentence, and the third
example provides a direct quote (thus the inclusion of the page numbers) but also
does not identify the authors within the sentence. If the authors were identified
within the sentence in the third example, the authors' names would be followed by
the year of publication and only the page numbers would be in the parentheses at the
end of the quote.

Format
Finally, the bibliographic page in APA style differs from MLA, what APA
calls the Reference page. You will notice a few immediate differences from the MLA
Works Cited format. With APA you include the initial of the author's first name rather
than the complete name, the publication date immediately follows the author's name
in parentheses, and titles of articles are not surrounded with quotation marks. The
lists are still alphabetized by author's last name (or title in the absence of an author)
and the first line is flush left while subsequent lines in the same entry are indented in
(approximately 5 spaces or one tab). A good resource to help you with referencing is
Notre Dames referencing guide at http://library.nd.edu.au/referencing/apa#s-lg-box3040351. There is also a summary downloadable help document available at:
http://library.nd.edu.au/ld.php?content_id=8053459 In APA Style, you include a
reference list rather than a bibliography with your paper (APA. bibliography versus
reference list.). A reference list consists of all sources cited in the text of a paper
whereas a bibliography may include resources that were consulted but not cited in
the text as well as an annotated description of each one.
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Summary
The School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, uses the APA
6th referencing style for all written documents. In addition to in text referencing and
the reference list there are a number of formatting requirements to ensure your essay
complies with APA standards. Get to know the APA 6th.

References
APA. bibliography versus reference list. Retrieved from
http://www.apastyle.org/learn/quick-guide-on-references.aspx#Bibliography
Bretag, T. (2013). Challenges in addressing plagiarism in education. PLoS Med,
10(12), e1001574.
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Hosny, M., & Fatima, S. (2014). Attitude of students towards cheating and
plagiarism: University case study. Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(8), 748-757.
doi:10.3923/jas.2014.748.757
Strong, R.L., & Porter, M. (1998). Grammatical combinations. Language and
literacy (pp. 540--578). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Terrence, H. S. (1999, November 1). Student success in community colleges.
Oregonian, pp. A6-A7.
Weintraub, D.Graduation [photograph]. Retrieved from
http://quest.eb.com/search/139_1920759/1/139_1920759/cite