INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Name of School : Junior High School

Subject Matter : Biology
Class / Semester : VIII (Eight)/ I
Standard Competence : 1. To know some system in human life
Basic Competence : 1.4 To describe the human digestive system and its
relation with healthy.
Indicator : 1. To describe the kinds of food according to the
substance content that find inherent and function for
each food materials.
Instruction Purpose : The student able to:
1. Explain the function of food for human.
2. Describe the food kinds according to the substance
content that find inherent
Time Allocation : 1 x 40 minutes

Learning Material
Digestive system at human
A. Food and its function
The food that we eat every day very varies, such as cooked rice, noodles,
cassava, soybean, fish, meat, egg, vegetable and fruits. Even though the food
essence are differ, but basically the food that we consumption contain one or
more of food substances which differ. The substances that contain like as
carbohydrate, fat, protein, vitamin and mineral. Carbohydrate, fat, and protein
also grouped as food of source energy. Whereas vitamin and mineral as group of
food nonenergy.
I. Carbohydrate
Carbohydrates are general name for materials that contain carbon element (C),
hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O) that consist in certain arrangement. Carbohydrates
are food substance that we get from plants. For our bodies, carbohydrates are the
main of source energy. Because of that, carbohydrate needed in big amount.
II. Fatty
Like with carbohydrate, fatty also by element of Carbon (C), hydrogen (H),
and Oxygen (O). For our bodies, fatty has important function. Besides as energy
source, fatty also the organizer of cell membrane, as solvent of vitamin A, D, E,
and K, and as food storage for body. Fatty can get from plant (vegetable) although
animal. Some of food materials that many contain of fatty are beans, cooking oil,
meat, and milk.
III. Protein
Protein arranged by element of Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), and
nitrogen (N). For body, protein has important function for growth and to change
the body cells which damage. Same with carbohydrate and fatty, protein also the
big molecule so for the first must digested so can absorb by body.
IV. Vitamin
Vitamins are the substances that very needed by body for fluency of
processes in the body. Generally, vitamin divided into vitamin that dissolved in
water (B and C) and vitamin that dissolved in fatty (A, D, E, and K). Fruits and
vegetable much contain of vitamin.
V. Mineral and water
Minerals are anorganic materials. The body must need of mineral for
forming of body structure. Some minerals that very needed by body, such as
calcium for bone and teeth forming, zinc for hemoglobin forming, natrium for
muscle contraction process. Milk is food material that complete enough and
contain mineral that needed by body. While waters are substance that very needed
by body as main component of cells and transport of dissolved materials.
VI. Dietary fibers
The dietary fibers are one of food substance which needed by body to
prevent constipation, such as carrot, orange, broccoli, pear, etc.
Instruction Model
Instruction Approach
Instruction Method
Instructions Steps
: Direct Instruction (DI)
: Concept approach
: - Lecture
- Question-answer

First Meeting
Time
No Study activities Exp
(minute)
1. First Activities 7 Phase I
a. Teacher give apperceptions: are you still remembering
about characteristic of living organism? After students
answer the teachers answer then teacher said that one
of characteristic of living organism is eat, who know
why the living organism need a food or why the living
organism need to eat?
b. Teacher delivers of instruction purpose.
2. Core/main activities 30 Phase II
a. Teacher explain the function for each food group
b. Teacher explain about food and its grouping
c. Teacher display to students the examples of food and its Phase III
grouping, are carbohydrate, protein, fatty, vitamin,
mineral, water and fibers.
d. Teacher to instruct the students to combine the food Phase IV
kinds into five groups, are carbohydrate, protein, fatty,
vitamin, mineral, water and fiber.
e. Teacher give the question or evaluation to student
3. Last Activities 3 phase V
a. Teacher gives the individual task about food and its function
to do at home to check student comprehension.
Tool/material/study source
1. Tool of Study
- LCD with power point media
2. Material
- Picture of food materials in power point slide
3. Source of Study
- Buku Belajar IPA untuk kelas VIII, Buku Sains Biologi 2A Erlangga
Evaluation
a. Kinds of Evaluation
- Written Test
b. Instrument Form
- Multiple choice
c. Instrument sample
1. Food material that has function as energy are
a. Carbohydrate, fatty, and vitamin
b. Carbohydrate, fatty, and protein
c. carbohydrate, protein, and vitamin
d. carbohydrate and mineral
2. Food substance that needless digested by body, are
a. Vitamin and mineral
b. Carbohydrate and Vitamin
c. Mineral and Protein
d. fatty and Protein
3. The time period of growth, Childs must much eat the food, mainly which
contain
a. Protein c. Vitamin
b. fatty d. Mineral
4. Look at the pictures below:
1. 2. 3. 4.
 From fourth foods, the food that much contain of carbohydrate is
a. 1 c. 3
b. 2 d. 4
5. From statement below, which not function of fat for body is
a. Energy Source c. Energy builder
b. Food Storage d. Solvent of Vitamin A, D, E, and K
6. Vitamin that dissolved in water are
a. A, B, and C c. B and C
b. A and K d. A, D, E, and K
7. Below that is element organizers of protein are
a. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
b. Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
c. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
d. Carbon, and oxygen
Key Word
1. B 5. C
2. A 6. C
3. A 7. C
4. A
Evaluation Instrument/Guide

85-100 = Very Good 63-73 = Enough

74-84 = Good 63 = Less/not enough

Makassar, June , 2010

Known by:
Headmaster, Teacher of Subject Matter,

( ) (Musdalifah Amir)
Id. Id. 071 404 175