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LDMSNCDKUNKTLDMCDK,#2DMSN C N NDMO@QSDCDKRHRSDL @UDMd
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%K @TL DMSNCDKUNKTLDM CDK BNMSDMHCN HMSQ@BQ@MD@K BNLNBNMd
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CDK CDR@QQNKKN
=pilp`n`_`n^jij^ìg\k\ojbìd\tg\òdjgjb|\_`hp^c\n
h\gajmh\^dji`n_`gOJ?)k\m`^`lp`diagptìo\ioja\ôjm`n
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lp`kj_m|\in`mg\^\pn\_`hp^c\n_``no\nh\gajmh\^dji`n+
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id\ _`g\n h\gajmh\^dji`n`n j]eòj _`diq`nodb\^d~i\ôdq\+
=_`hzn _`gjna\ôjm`n bì{od^jn) hp^cjn^jhkp`nojn o~sd*
^jnt\bìo`ndia`^^djnjnodììo\h]d{ià`ôjno`m\o~bìjn
tkp`_ìkmjqj^\mh\gajmh\^dji`n^`m`]m\g`n+
$DEDBSNR CDK STAN MDTQ@K

Ag am\^\nj ì `g ^d`mm` _` pi\ k\mo` _`g op]j i`pm\g j g\
m`\k`mopm\ _`pi\m`bd~i_`gh dnhjom\nnp^d`mm`^ji{sdoj
kp`_`kmj_p^dmh \gajmh \^dji`n)lp`kp`_ì\a`ô\m\goèd*
_j i`pm\g) g\n h ìdib`n t `g cp`nj j gjn oèd_jn ]g\i_jn
npkm\t\^ìo`nì^jh ]di\^dji`nq\md\]g`n+Ai^jiepioj)gjn
_à`ôjn _`g op]j i`pm\g m`km`nìo\i g\ h\gajmh\^d~i _`g
OJ?hznam`^pìo`tnp`gì\a`ô\m\g\h{_pg\`nkdi\g+
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ojn~n`jn\ndiojhzod^jn%`nkdi\]|ad_\j^pgo\&\pi\h\gajm*
h\^d~ibm\q`lp`^jindno`ìpin`bhìoj_`njmb\idu\_j
kg\ij _` h {_pg\ `nkdi\g \nj^d\_j \ pi\ `q\bdi\^d~i
hì|ib`\lp`gjm`^p]m`+
Ag d`\cfd\eè^fZ\c\ %j h ìdibjh d`gj^`g`& `n pi\ `soì*
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_`g\^jgphi\q`mo`]m\g8`go{mhdijd\eè^fZ\c\n``hkg`\
`s^gpndq\h ìo` ^p\i_j n` kmj_p^` g\ `sompnd~i _` g\n
hìdib`n+ Hjnh d`gjhìdibj^`g`nnjihznam`^pìo`nì
g\ m`bd~i gph]jn\^m\+ Hjn k\^dìo`n km`nìo\i _à`ôjn
hjojm`ntnìndodqjn_`gjnh d`h]mjndia`mdjm`n)\n|^jhj
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^dji`n\ hìp_jn`^jhkgd^\ikjmnj]m`dia`^^dji`n)lp`
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Op`g` gj^\gdu\mn` ì g\ ajn\ kjno`mdjm) \pilp` n` kp`_ì
c`mid\m`soìndji`nndhdg\m`n_`^`m`]mj\om\q{n_`g\gzhd*
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]\n` bì{od^\ di^gptì pi\ `g`q\_\ o\n\ _` ^ji^jm_\i^d\
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g\nhìdibjo`gd\g`nhù^g\_jn+H\n`nompôpm\n_`g\ajn\kjn*
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oj ^m\i`\g8 ^jhj^\]|\ npkji`m) a\go\i g\nq|\n _`n^ì_ìo`n
\nj^d\_\n\g\n`nompôpm\n\go`m\_\n+
-@KENQL@BHNMDR CDK OQNRDMBrE@KN

H\\go`m\^d~i_`g\bì`m\^d~itg\h dbm\^d~i_`g\ni`pmj*
i\n _pm\io` `g _`n\mmjggj kmjqj^\i h \gajmh \^dji`n ì `g
kmjnì^{a\gj) lp` kp`_ìn`maj^\g`n j\a`ô\m\`nompôp*
m\n ^jh kgò\n+ H\ m`n`mq\ _` ^{gpg\n km`^pmnjm\nkmjgda`m\*
odq\n ì`g ^`m`]mj ì _`n\mmjggj n` ì^pìom\ \_t\^ìo` \g
ndno`h\qìomd^pg\m+Aibì`m\g)`gih`mj_ì`pmji\nqd`*
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am`^pìo`nt_\ijmdbì\pi\^{gpg\kmjbìdojm\t\jom\lp`
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h dbm\^d~i _` g\n i`pmji\n _`n_` g\ uji\ _` g\ h \omdu b`m*
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^d~i m\_d\g _` g\n ^{gpg\n kmjbìdojm\ni`pmji\g`n _`nodi\*
_\n \ ^jiq`modmn` ì i`pmji\n `s^do\_jm\n t h dbm\^d~i
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n`^jhkmì_ìhèjmlp`g\nm`nkjin\]g`n_`g\hdbm\^d~i
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mj]g\nojnhdbm\ojmdjn+
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-@KENQL@BHNMDR BNMFrMHS@R XSQ@RSNQMNR CDK CDR@QQNKKN
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@SrQLHMN
ì g~]pgjnijmh\g`n) ì g\ `nompôpm\ _` g\ ^jmoù\ ^`m`]m\g

jìg\_dnomd]p^d~i_`g\ni`pmji\n_ìomj_`g^`m`]mj+
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i`j^jmoù\)gjlp`nòm\_p^`ìpi\ndhkgdad^\^d~i_`gjn
kgd`bp`n _` g\n ^dm^piqjgp^dji`n) pi hj_`gj m`nk\g_\_j
kjmgjn m`npgo\_jn j]oìd_jnìhj_`gjn `sk`mdhìo\g`n
hpmdijn+
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_` ^dm^piqjgp^dji`n ajmh\_\n dmm`bpg\mhìo` t k`lp`*
}\n+ H\ npno\i^d\ bmdn `noz ^jinodopd_\ kjm ^p\omj ^\k\n
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npkji`m) pi\ gj^\gdu\^d~iìg\ lp` n` kp`_ì ì^jiom\m
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ndg\n^{gpg\nijcp]d`m\i^jin`bpd_j \]\i_ji\mnpgpb\m
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_`g ìn\h]g\e`_`g\n^jhkgè\nm`_`n _àdg\hìojn+ Ano`
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\lp`gg\n ^ji pi \g`gj hpo\io` %ì g\ cò`mjojkd\&+ Kom\
kmjo`|i\ \nj^d\_\ \ gjn h d^mjo]pgjn) g\ ^jmodi\ _j]g`
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od^\gjmd]ò`n^jhkgòjn)lp`m`^p`m_\i\g\^jmoù\npkm\*
t\^ìo`+
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diam`^pìo` lp` ^m`^` _ìomj _` k`lp`}jn q\njn) np`g` \a`ô\m
\g ^`m`]mj) \_`hzn _` jom\n m`bdji`n ^jmkjm\g`n+ Ai gpb\m _`
kmj_p^dm pi\ g`nd~i _` odkj h\n\) g\ j^gpnd~i _` gjn q\njn kjm
g\n ^{gpg\n h\gdbi\n kp`_` kmj_p^dm dia\mojn hd^mjn^~kd^jn
_dn`hdi\_jn+ Hjn k\^dìo`n \a`ô\_jn np`gì km`nìo\m n|ioj*
h\n i`pmjg~bd^jn ndi m\nbjn gj^\gdu\_jm`n) t ì `g _d\bi~nod^j
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g\ _`hì^d\+
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kdi`\g t npkm\n`g\m+ Oji m`nkjin\]g`n _`g -)/ \g .# _` gjn
ophjm`n ^`m`]m\g`n ì k`mnji\n _` \n^ì_ì^d\ `pmjk`\) k`mj
kp`_ì npkji`m c\no\ `g .-# ì F\k~i+ O` om\o\ _` ophjm`n
lp` \a`ô\i \ e~qì`n) km`nìozi_jn` c\no\ ì `g 6-# _` gjn
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b`mhdi\g`n _` g\ m`bd~i kdi`\g hp`nom\i pi km`_jhdidj hpt
dhkjmo\io` ì cjh]m`n) k`mj `no\ _da`mì^d\ ìom` n`sjn ij n`
ì^pìom\ ì g\n g`ndji`n npkm\n`g\m`n+
Jj `noz ^g\mj `g jmdbì _` g\n ^{gpg\n b`mhdi\g`n ì `g OJ?8
kp`_ì n`m m`nojn lp` lp`_\i ì `g OJ ? j lpduz lp`
h dbm\i \gg| _`n_` jomjn gpb\m`n ì a\n`n kjno`mdjm`n _`g
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h p^c\n ^\m\ô`m|nod^\n ndhdg\m`n \ npn `lpdq\gìo`n ì g\n
b~i\_\n t `g h`_d\nodij+ Odi `h]\mbj) \ _da`mì^d\ _` gj lp`
np^`_` ì gjn gdiajh\n) g\n hòzno\ndn _` gjn ophjm`n _` ^{gp*
g\n b`mh di\g`n bji\_\g`n \g OJ? nji am`^pìo`n8 kjm `nj)
nd`hkm` n` _`]` _`n^\mo\m pi ophjm kmdh\mdj ap`m\ _`g OJ?
\io`n _` `no\]g`^`m `g _d\bi~nod^j _` ophjm _` ^{gpg\n b`mhd*
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oph jm`n _` ^{gpg\n b`mh di\g`n ^`m`]m\g`n n` k\m`^` \ g\
`hkg`\_\ ì `g o`no|^pgj %q+ ^\k|opgj /.&) k`mj `g ophjm cdnoj*
g~bd^\hìo` k\m`^d_j \g n`hdijh\ o`nod^pg\m n` gg\h\ [`j^\i)
dèfdX ì `g OJ?+ H\n m`nkp`no\n \ g\ m\_djo`m\kd\ t g\ lpd*
h djo`m\kd\ nji k\m`^d_\n \ g\n _` jomjn ophjm`n _` ^{gpg\n
b`mhdi\g`n _` jomjn jm|bì`n+ Ebp\g lp` np^`_` ì g\ k`mda`*
md\) g\n ^ji^ìom\^dji`n ì `g H?N _` h\m^\_jm`n ophjm\g`n)
di^gpd_\n g\ \*aòjkmjo`|i\ t g\ 0*bji\_jomjkdi\ ^jmd~id^\
cph\i\) kp`_ì n`m odg`n k\m\ `g _d\bi~nod^j t `g n`bpd*
hdìoj _` g\ m`nkp`no\ \g om\o\hdìoj+
Mldfi\j gXi\ehl`dXkfjfj gè\Xc\j

Ano\n g`ndji`n n` jmdbdi\i \ k\modm _` ^{gpg\n `nk`^d\gdu\_\n _`
g\ bgzi_pg\ kdi`\g %kdi`j^dojn&) ^ji ^\m\ô`m|nod^\n _` _da`mì^d\*
^d~i i`pmji\g+ Hjn ophjm`n q\i _`n_` g`ndji`n ]dì _da`mì*
^d\_\n $gè\fZ`kfdXj%( ^ji zm`\n _` i`pm~kdgj) ^{gpg\n _` i^g`jn
m`_ji_`\_jn t k`lp`}jn) t \pnì^d\ _` hdojndn j i`^mjndn) \
ophjm`n _` \goj bm\_j $gè\fYcXjkfdXj%( ^ji `n^\n\ `qd_ì^d\ _`
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hìo` ^ji i`^mjndn t am`^pìo`n hdojndn+ O` m`^jij^` o\h]d{i
pi\ ajmh\ dio`mh`_d\ ìom` `nojn _jn `som`hjn+ Hjn ophjm`n
kdi`\g`n _` \goj bm\_j np`gì \a`ô\m \ id}jn) hdìom\n lp` g\n
g`ndji`n _` hìjm bm\_j nji hzn am`^pìo`n ì \_pgojn+ Ag
kdi`j]g\nojh\ hpt \bm`ndqj n` _dn`hdi\ c\]dop\ghìo` kjm `g
`nk\^dj _`g H?N+ Op am`^pì^d\ \phìo\ ì gjn di_dqd_pjn ^ji
hpo\^dji`n ì g|i`\ b`mhdi\g _` K;* Hjn bgdjh\n \k\m`^ì o\h*
]d{i ì g\ m`bd~i kdi`\g) _ji_` n` jmdbdi\i \ k\modm _`g `nomjh\
bgd\g _` g\ bgzi_pg\+ =pilp` nji _` ]\ej bm\_j) `nojn bgdjh\n
kp`_ì `soì_`mn` c\^d\ g\ k\mo` kjno`mdjm _`g o`m^`m qìom|^pgj+
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Hjn d \e è ^ `fd Xj njioph jm`n km`_jh di\io`h ìo` ]ìdb*
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lp`npmbììg\n^{gpg\nh ìdibjo`gd\g`n_`g\\m\îjd_`n+
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ijd_`n _`g kg`sj^jmjd_`j+ Hjn\io`^`_ìo`n_`m\_djo`m\kd\
ì g\ ^\]ù\ t `g ^p`ggj) o|kd^\hìo` _{^\_\n \io`n) njipi
a\ôjm _` md`nbj k\m\ `g _`n\mmjggj _` hìdibdjh\n+ Komjn
ophjm`n) ^jhj g\n hòzno\ndn) `g ophjm ad]mjnj njgdo\mdj t
\gbpijnn\m^jh\nkj^j_da`mì^d\_jn)kp`_ìo\h]d{i^m`^`m
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g\mbj %//l&+ H\n_`g`^dji`ndi^gptìg\m`bd~i_`//l g/ìg\
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