DATE:31/01/2015 EARTH MAT DESIGN FOR Sasan Coal Mine S/s CLIENT: SASAN POW

Report Prepared By: Shubhamoy Dey Document No: SGIER/Project/SPL/14-15/D1

Parameters For design Purpose
Real soil resistivity=
Reduction of Soil resistivity=
Soil resistivity after artificial treatment=
Soil resisitivity of washed granaite
Highest fault current (L-G/L-L-G)
No. of Feeders
No. of Distributors
Split factor as per IEEE 80:2000, Annex. C
Split factor for grid
X/R ratio
Time constant
Decrement factor
Corrective Projection factor
Max. Grid Current
Maximum grid current for grids
Fault current for sizing
Fault current for step &touch potential
Depth of the burial conductor=
Thickness of the surface layer
Length of the earth mat=
Breadth of the earth mat=
Total area of earth mat=
Assumed spacing for the conductors=
Maximum distance between farthest
point in the grid
Resistivity of earthing materials
Evaluation of conductor sizing for GI Grid C
Temperature coefficient of earthing material
Max. allowable teamp. For welded joint
Referance temp. of material constant
Ambient tempareture=
Min. area of cross section A
Diammeter of conductor=
Factor
TCAP

Corrision allowance
Dia. Of conductor with corr.
Minimum cross section req.
Cross section used
Equivalent round diameter

Permissible step & touch voltage

Premissible step voltage
Premissible Touch voltage
Reduction factor
Prelimary Layout
Diameter of Conductor=
Total no. of conductor parallel to length=
Total no. of cpnductor parallel to breadth
Total Quantity of Conductor Laid=
Peripheral Horizontal length
Length of each Earth Rod=
No. of Total earth rod=
Diameter of earth rod=
Total ground rod length=
Effective grid conductor length for
Mesh voltage
Effective length for step voltage
Total buried length of ground conductor

Estimation of actual mesh & step volt

Kh
Effective No. of parallel conductors
na
nb
nc
nd
Irregularity factor
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the
perimeter
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the
grid conductor
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the
perimeter and throughout the grid area
A
B
C

D
E
Km
Emesh
A
B
C
D
Ks
E step

Minimum conductor length requirem

Grid Resistance( of Grid)=
Length to width ratio=
K1 ( Constant)
K2(Constant)
a'
Grid Resistance (of Rod bed)=
Radius of earth rod
Mutual Ground resistance grid and rod=
Grid Resistance(Schwarz)=
Combined Ground Resistance=
Grid Potential Rise
Total Grid potential rise IR
Selected Earth mat conductor cross section
Selected Earth rod Length
Selected Earth rod dia.
Soil resistivity of selected surface layer
Selected material of surface layer
Thickness of surface layer
Design Parameter

Cross section area of Grid Coductor

Step Potential

Touch Potential
Combined or main grid resistance

Main Grid
TG-1

Main Grid Conductor length:

TG-1 Conductor Length:

1 Bag TEREC+ & 3/4 Bag Earthcon

1 Bag TEREC+ & 3/4 Bag Earthcon Per Me
TOTAL
135 Mtr.
110 Mtr.

Note:
1)

Two grid should be interconnected paralle

LIENT: SASAN POWER LTD.

ct/SPL/14-15/D1
or design Purpose

Given By Client
Chemical Treatment
a
s
IEE 80:2000 Page 52 Table 7(For wet condition)
If
Given By client

MAIN GRID

Sf1
Sf2
ta
Df
Cp
Ig
Igx
Tc
Ts
h
hs
Lx
Ly
A
D
Dm

[1+{ta/Ts(1-e^-(2Ts/ta))}]
IEE 80:2000 standard value(1~1.25)
If*Sf1*Df*Cp

0.0636942675
1.061785532
8.352928747

2.6352313835

Lx X Ly
sqrt(Lx+Ly)

r
IEE80:2000 Page 42 :Table-1:Material Constant
sizing for GI Grid Conductor
r
IEE80:2000 Page 42 :Table-1:Material Constant
Tm
IEE80:2000 Page 42 :Table-1:Material Constant
Tr
IEE80:2000 Page 41
Ta
Given By Client or Assumed
Amm
Ig/(sqrt(X1*X2))
X1=(TCAP*0.0001/(Tc*r*r))
X2=LN((K0+Tm)/(K0+Ta))
dc
sqrt(Amm*4/)
K0
(1/r)-Tr
IEE80:2000 Page 42 :Table-1:Material Constant

250
26.92582404

MAIN GRID

164.0763891
14.45733407
292.5

Given By Client or Assumed

14.89105409
174.0686412
50 X 6 Sq.mm. GI flat used

p & touch voltages

Estep
(1000+(6*Cs*s))*0.116/(sqrt Ts)
Etouch
(1000+(1.5*Cs*s))*0.116/(sqrt Ts)
Cs
1-((0.09*(1-a/s))/(2hs+0.09))
ary Layout
d
Equivalent round dia./1000
N1
(Ly/D)+1
N2
(Lx/D)+1
Lc
(N1*Lx)+(N2*Ly)
Lp
2*(Lx+Ly)
Lr
Nr
2b
LR
Lr*Nr
Lm
Lc+(1.55+1.22(Lr/sqrt(Lx+Ly))*Lr
Ls
Lt

0.75Lc+0.85LR
Lc+LR

l mesh & step voltages

Kh
sqrt(1+h/ha) where ha=1Mtr.
n
na*nb*nc*nd
na
(2Lc/Lp)
nb
sqrt(Lp/(4*sqrt(A)))
nc
((Lx*Ly)/A)^(0.7A/Lx*Ly)
nd
Dm/sqrt(Lx+Ly)
Ki
0.644+0.148*n

Kii
D/(16*h*d)
((D+2*h)^2)/(8*D*d)
(h/(4*d))

19.54905637
MAIN GRID
6975.184132
1866.832613
0.691982759
MAIN GRID
0.0195490564
3
6
135
70

12
155.2311479
111.45
147
MAIN GRID
1.341640786
4.057885106
3.857142857
1.052044287
1
1
1.244566996

1
99.90891441
55.70601359
10.23067284

Km
Em

(Kii/Kh)
8/(3.14*(2n-1))
(1/(2*3.14))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))
(a*KM*Ki*Ig*1000)/Lm

1/(2*h)
(1/(D+h))
(1/D)
0.5^(n-2)
(1/3.14)(A+B+C(1-D))
Es
(a*Ks*Ki*Ig*1000)/Ls
or length requirement
R1
(a/3.14Lc)*(ln(2Lc/a')+(K1*Lc/sqrt(A))-K2)
ya
Lx/Ly
K1
IEE 665:1995 Figure 2a curve B
K2
IEE 665:1995 Figure 2b curve B
a'
SQRT(d*h)
R2

(a/2NrLr)*(LN((8*Lr)/2b)1+(2K1*Lr/sqrt(A))*(sqrt(Nr)-1)

0.7453559925
0.3580456683
0.670991888
1430.088608
0.625
0.1724137931
0.2
0.2401678419
0.30235039
897.5424676
MAIN GRID
2.110035169
2.5

0.1250569674
6.689046781

2b/2

(a/Lc)*[ln(2Lc/Lr)+K(Lc/A)-K+1]

1.724755941

(RR-R)/(R+R-2R)

2.082287129

Ig*Rg*1000

0.88358
MAIN GRID
17393.19602

Rg
Rg
tential Rise
V

0.008

300
3
0.016
10000
0.1
Condition as
per IEE 80:2000
PV<AV
PV>AV

Premissible value
Actual value
(PV)
(AV)
MG
TG-1
174.0686412 174.068641
300
6975.184132 6975.18413
897.5424676

Unit

Sq.mm.
Volts

PV>AV
PV>AV

1866.832613 NA
1

Bag Earthcon
Bag Earthcon Per Meter of Conductor

50 X 6 GI Flat
50 X 6 GI Flat

1430.088608
0.883581961

Volts

Earthcon
TEREC+ Unit
101.25
135 Bag
82.5
110 Bag
183.75
245 Bag

50 X 6 Sq.mm. GI Fla
135
110
245

Total 50x6 Sq.mm. GI Flat :-300Mtr.

Note:- extra 55Mtr GI Flat for Risers & Two grid parallely int

terconnected parallely in a min. 5 Mtr. Distance

25
10

25
10

25

40

MAIN GRID

TG-1
Unit
300
300
300 -m
75
75
75 %
75
75
75 -m
10000
10000
10000 -m
10.23
10.23
10.23 kA
1
1
1 Nos.
1
1
1 Nos.
0.769
0.769
0.769
0.424332
0.575668
20
20
20
0.063694 0.063694 0.063694
1.061786 1.061786 1.061786
1
1
1
8.352929 8.352929 8.352929 kA
3.544419
4.80851 kA
1
1
1 Sec.
0.5
0.5
0.5 Sec.
0.8
0.8
0.8 Mtr.
0.1
0.1
0.1 Mtr.
25
35
35 Mtr.
10
20
20 Mtr.
250
700
700 Sq.Mtr.
5
30
30 Mtr.
26.92582 40.31129 40.31129 Mtr.
20.1

20.1
20.1 /cm
MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
0.0032
0.0032 0.0032 1/c
419
419
419
C
20
20
20
C
50
50
50
C
164.076 164.076 164.076 sq.mm.
14.4573 14.4573 14.4573 mm.
292.5
292.5
292.5
3.42
3.42
3.42 J/(cm-C)

0.91+0.485j

1.91+0.485j
0.508153450973071+0.124892971
0.523276

3
3
3%
14.8911 14.8911 14.8911 mm.
174.069 174.069 174.069 sq.mm.
300
300
300 sq.mm.
19.5491 19.5491 19.5491 mm.
MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
6975.18 6975.18 6975.18 V
1866.83
NA
NA
V
0.69198 0.69198 0.69198
MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
0.019549 0.019549 0.019549 Mtr.
3 1.666667
2 Nos.
6 2.166667
2 Nos.
135
110
110 Mtr.
70
110
110 Mtr.
3
3
3 Mtr.
4
4
4 Nos.
0.016
0.016
0.016 Mtr.
12
12
12 Mtr.
155.2311 129.6895 129.6895 Mtr.
111.45
147

92.7
122

92.7 Mtr.
122 Mtr.

MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
1.341641 1.341641 1.341641
4.057885 2.039022 2.039022
3.857143
2
2
1.052044 1.019511 1.019511
1
1
1
1
1
1
1.244567 0.945775 0.945775

1
1
1
99.90891 3596.721 3596.721
55.70601 212.8321 212.8321
10.23067 10.23067 10.23067

0
0.29
0
1

0.745356 0.745356 0.745356

0.358046 0.827724 0.827724
0.670992 1.290072 1.290072
1430.09 NA
NA
V

0.625
0.625
0.625
0.172414 0.032468 0.032468
0.2 0.033333 0.033333
0.240168 0.973315 0.973315
0.30235 0.209668 0.209668
897.542 771.457 771.457 V
MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
2.11004 1.57273 1.57273
2.5
1.75
1.75
1.075 1.1125 1.1125
4.93
4.855
4.855
0.125057 0.125057 0.125057
6.68905 6.53415 6.53415
0.008

0.008

0.008 Mtr.

1.72476 1.099889 1.09989

2.08229 1.534882 1.53488

0.883581961

MAIN GRID
TG-1
Unit
17393.2 12820.76 12820.76 Volts
50 X 6
3
0.016
10000
Washed granaite
0.1

REMARKS

Earth Grid Design is

safe as per IEEE
80:2000 & IEEE
665:1995.

sq.mm.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Ohm-m
Mtr.

Earth Grid Design is

safe as per IEEE
80:2000 & IEEE
665:1995.

6 Sq.mm. GI Flat Vertical Earth Rod

Mtr.
4 Nos.
Mtr.
4 Nos.
Mtr.
8 Nos.

o grid parallely interconnection purpose

35
20

35
20

0973071+0.12489297187333j

-0.985112

Parameters For design P

Real soil resistivity=
Reduction of Soil resistivity=
Soil resistivity after artificial treatment=
Soil resisitivity of washed granaite
Highest fault current (L-G/L-L-G)
No. of Feeders
No. of Distribution Neutrals

Impedance Table C.1 (Annex.C - IEEE 80:2000)

Split factor as per IEEE 80:2000, Annex. C

X/R ratio
Time constant
Decrement factor
Corrective Projection factor
Max. Grid Current
Fault current time for sizing
Fault current time for step &touch potential
Depth of the burial conductor=
Thickness of the surface layer (gravel)

Sf1

Temperature coefficient of earthing material

Resistivity of earthing materials
Max. allowable teamp. For welded joint
Reference temp. of material constant
TCAP
Ambient temperature=
Factor

a
s
If

ta
Df
Cp
Ig
Tc
Ts
h
hs
Evaluation of conductor sizing for Grid Con
r
r
Tm
Tr
TCAP
Ta
K0

Min. area of cross section A

Diammeter of conductor=
Corrision allowance
Corrision allowance (in mm)
Dia. Of conductor with corr.
Minimum cross section req.
Cross section used
Equivalent round diameter
Premissible step voltage
Premissible Touch voltage
Reduction factor
Length of the earth mat=
Breadth of the earth mat=
Total area of earth mat=
Assumed spacing for the conductors (Horizontal)=
Assumed spacing for the conductors(Vertical)=

X1
X2
Amm
dc

Permissible step & touch voltages

Estep
Etouch
Cs
Prelimary Layout
Lx
Ly
A
Dh
DL

Maximum distance between farthest

point in the grid
Diameter of Conductor=
Total no. of conductor parallel to length=
Total no. of cpnductor parallel to breadth
Total Quantity of Conductor Laid=
Peripheral Horizontal length
Length of each Earth Rod=
No. of Total earth rod=
Diameter of earth rod=
Total ground rod length=
Effective grid conductor length for Mesh voltage
Effective length for step voltage
Total buried length of ground conductor

Dm
d
N1
N2
Lc
Lp
Lr
Nr
2b
LR
Lm
Ls
Lt
Estimation of actual mesh & step volta
Kh
Kh
na
na
nb
nb
nc
nc
nd
nd
Effective No. of parallel conductors
n
Irregularity factor
Ki
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods at the grid corners
Kii=1 for grids with ground rods along the perimeter
and throughout the grid area
Kii
A
B
C
D
E
Km
Km
Emesh
Em
A
B
C
D
Ks
Ks
E step
Es
Grid Resistance calculation (Sverak equa
Grid Resistance(Sverak)=
Rg
Grid Resistance calculation (Schwarz equ
Grid Resistance (of grid)=
R1
Length to width ratio=
ya
K1 ( Constant)
K1
K2(Constant)
K2
a'
a'
Grid Resistance (of Rod bed)=
R2
Radius of earth rod
b
Mutual Ground resistance grid and rod=
R

Grid Resistance(Schwarz)=
Combined Ground Resistance=
Total Grid potential rise IR

Rg
Rg
Grid Potential Rise
V
Material Selection

Selected Earth mat conductor cross section

Selected Earth rod Length
Selected Earth rod dia.
Soil resistivity of selected surface layer
Selected material of surface layer
Thickness of surface layer

Design Parameter
Cross section area of Grid Coductor
Step Potential
Touch Potential
Combined or main grid resistance

Design Condition Check

Condition as
per IEE 80:2000

PV<AV
PV>AV
PV>AV
PV>AV

rs For design Purpose

As per Soil report
Chemical Treatment
IEEE 80:2000 Page 52 Table 7(For wet condition)
As per Fault calculation
As per SLD
As per SLD

100
0%
100
3000
31.5
3
1
2.18+0.442j

Abs(Z/(1+Z))

[1+{ta/Ts(1-e^-(2Ts/ta))}]
IEEE 80:2000 standard value(1~1.25)
If*Sf1*Df*Cp

ng for Grid Conductor

IEEE80:2000 Page 42
IEEE80:2000 Page 42
IEEE80:2000 Page 42
IEEE80:2000 Page 41
IEEE80:2000 Page 42

:Table-1:Material Constant
:Table-1:Material Constant
:Table-1:Material Constant
:Table-1:Material Constant

(1/r)-Tr
X1=(TCAP*0.0001/(Tc*r*r)) and X2=LN((K0+Tm)/(K0+Ta))

Ig/(sqrt(X1*X2))
sqrt(Amm*4/)
Refer CBIP Publication 223

40 sqmm MS Rod

ouch voltages
(1000+(6*Cs*s))*0.116/(sqrt Ts) for 50 kg
(1000+(1.5*Cs*s))*0.116/(sqrt Ts) for 50 kg
1-((0.09*(1-a/s))/(2hs+0.09))
ayout

Lx X Ly

0.6928229331
20
0.0636942675
1.0617855319
1
23.1723250466
1
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.0032
20.1
419
20
3.93
50
292.5
0.0061100746
0.7311037598
346.7023983033
21.0103594394
3%
4.8
25.8103594394
523.2123500621
1256.6370614359
40
2231.0633159998
680.8024089264
0.7
55
30
1650
3
3

sqrt(Lx+Ly)
Equivalent round dia./1000
(Ly/Dh)+1
(Lx/DL)+1
(N1*Lx)+(N2*Ly)
2*(Lx+Ly)

Lr*Nr
Lc+(1.55+1.22(Lr/Dm))*LR
0.75Lc+0.85LR
Lc+LR
sh & step voltages
sqrt(1+h/ha) where ha=1Mtr.
(2Lc/Lp)
sqrt(Lp/(4*sqrt(A)))
((Lx*Ly)/A)^(0.7A/Lx*Ly) or 1 for square/Rect grid
Dm/sqrt(Lx+Ly) or 1 for square/Rect grid
na*nb*nc*nd
0.644+0.148*n

D/(16*h*d)
((D+2*h)^2)/(8*D*d)
(h/(4*d))
(Kii/Kh)
8/(pi()*(2n-1))
(1/(2*pi()))*(LN(A+B-C)+D*LN(E))
(a*Km*Ki*Ig*1000)/Lm
1/(2*h)
(1/(D+h))
(1/D)
0.5^(n-2)
(1/pi())(A+B+C(1-D))
(a*Ks*Ki*Ig*1000)/Ls
n (Sverak equation)
a*[(1/Lt) + ((1/sqrt(20xA))*(1+1/(1+h*sqrt(20/A))))]
n (Schwarz equation)
(a/3.14Lc)*(ln(2Lc/a')+(K1*Lc/sqrt(A))-K2)
Lx/Ly
IEE 665:1995 Figure 2a curve B
IEE 665:1995 Figure 2b curve B
SQRT(d*h)
(a/2NrLr)*(LN((4*Lr)/b)-1+(2K1*Lr/sqrt(A))*(sqrt(Nr)-1)
2b/2
(a/Lc)*[ln(2Lc/Lr)+K(Lc/A)-K+1]

62.6498204307
0.04
11
19.3333333333
1185
170
3
20
0.04
60
1281.5051975966
939.75
1245
1.2649110641
13.9411764706
1.0228771546
1
1
14.2601109195
2.7544964161

1
23.4375
18.375
3.75
0.790569415
0.0925311978
0.2797162096
1393.1859499563
0.8333333333
0.2777777778
0.3333333333
0.0002038632
0.4597593162
3122.6983033119
1.1471746714
0.9687937483
1.8333333333
1.075
4.93
0.1549193338
1.9393652878
0.02
0.9160520025

(RR-R)/(R+R-2R)

0.9662086652
0.9662086652

al Rise
Ig*Rg*1000
ection

22389.301251802
1256.6370614359
3
0.04

on Check

Premissible value

Actual value

(PV)
523.2123500621
2231.0633159998
680.8024089264
1

(AV)
1256.6370614359
3122.6983033119
1393.1859499563
0.9662086652

Unit
Sq.mm.
Volts
Volts

Unit
-m
-m
-m
kA
Nos.
Nos.

kA
Sec.
Sec.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Unit
1/c
/cm
C
C
J/(cm-C)
C

sq.mm.
mm.
mm.
mm.
sq.mm.
sq.mm.
mm.
Unit
V
V
Unit
Mtr.
Mtr.
Sq.Mtr.
Mtr.
Mtr.

Mtr.
Mtr.
Nos.
Nos.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Nos.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Unit

V
Unit

Unit

Mtr.

Unit
Volts
Unit
sq.mm.
Mtr.
Mtr.
Ohm-m
Mtr.

Condition
OK
NOT OK
NOT OK
OK

25
mtrs

20
mtrs

10
mtrs

Sub station
Main grid

Interconnecting
flats

35
mtrs

Tertiary grid

Design PCondition as
per IEE 80:2000
Cross sectPV<AV
Step PotenPV>AV
Touch PotePV>AV
CombinedPV>AV
o

Premissible valueActual value

(PV)
(AV)
MG
TG-1
174.0686 174.0686
300
6975.184 6975.184
897.5424676
1866.833 NA
1430.088608
1
0.883581961

EarthconTEREC+ Unit
Main Gri 1 Bag TEREC+ & 3/4 Bag Eart 101.25
135 Bag
TG-1
1 Bag TEREC+ & 3/4 Bag Earth
82.5
110 Bag
TOTAL
183.75
245 Bag

Unit

Sq.mm.
Volts
Volts

50 X 6 Sq.mm. GI Flat
135
110
245

Main Grid 135 Mtr.

TG-1 Cond110 Mtr.

Total 50x6 Sq.mm. GI Flat :-300Mtr.

Note:

Note:- extra 55Mtr GI Flat for Risers & Two grid parall

1)

Two grid should be interconnected parallely in a min. 5 Mtr. Distance

REMARKS

Earth Grid Design

is safe as per IEEE
80:2000 & IEEE
665:1995.

X 6 Sq.mm. GI Flat
Vertical Earth Rod
Mtr.
4 Nos.
Mtr.
4 Nos.
Mtr.
8 Nos.

isers & Two grid parallely interconnection purpose