UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEYING

CENTRE OF STUDIES FOR SURVEYING SCIENCE AND GEOMATICS
SEMESTER SEPT 16 DIS 16

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GLS 613)

ARCGIS GEOSTATISTICAL ANALYST

GROUP AP2205 C

PREPARED BY :
NAME : MOHAMAD AKMAL BIN ABDUL RAZAK
STUDENT ID : 2015826928

SUBMITTED DATE : 26/10/2016

PREPARED FOR :
SR DR. SITI AEKBAL BINTI SALLEH
SHARIFAH NURUL AIN BINTI SYED MUSTORPHA
INTRODUCTION

ArcGIS Geostatistical analyst are able to create a continuous surface or map, from
one sample point stored in a point feature layer or raster layer or by using polygon
centroids. The sample points can be estimated such as elevation, depth to the
water table, level of pollution, study of the case. By using the ArcGIS tools,
Geostatistical Analyst provides a comprehensive tool for creating a surface can be
used to visualize, analyze and understand spatial phenomena.

OBJECTIVE
1. To explore and distribute the data outliers (Histogram, semivariogram,
covariance clouds)
2. To create a precise prediction (IDW, Kriging, Cokriging)
3. To evaluate the models perform after the diagnostic. (Cross validation,
Validation checking)
4. To create a multiple version of surface to analyses the different phenomenon.

SUMMARY
Exercise 1 Creating a surface using default parameters
This exercise allows you to introduce the Geostatistical Analyst Extension. This
process will take through the process of creating a model using a default parameter
value to generate a surface of ozone concentration.

Exercise 2 Exploring the data

In this exercise, data need to be explore to make a better decision when comes to
creating a surface. By doing this, the obvious error values can be identified to
prevent the drastic changes for the output prediction surface. It also enables the
examine for the data distributed, look for the global trends, directional influences
and else. Exploration of the data involving many tools, there three of ways to
explore the data including, examine the distribution of the data (Histogram tool, QQ
plot), identify the trend of the data using Trend analysis and understanding the
spatial autocorrelation and directional influences.
Histogram Tool

Normal QQ Plot

Trend Analysis

Semivariogram/Covariance Cloud

Exercise 3 Mapping ozone concentration

From the Exercise 2, there are appeared the data exhibited a trend and directional
influence. These data can be incorporated into the interpolation model. This
exercise improvise more on the map of ozone concentration created on exercise 1.
It also use some of the basic geostatistical concept called Ordinary Kriging with the
incorporate trend and anistrophy for better predictions.

Exercise 4 Comparing models

In Geostatistical analyst, it enable the predictions displayed in tow or mpre mapped
surfaces. It can make an informed decisions as to which provides more accurate
predictions od ozone concentration based on cross-validtaion statistics. This
exercise will be compared with the Trend Removed layer together with Default
Kriging layer that created on exercise 1.

Exercise 5 Mapping the probability of ozone exceeding a critical threshold.

In this exercise, generate a map of the probability that ozone concentration
exceeded a specific threshold duirng the one-hour period when the samples were
taken. In this case, decision-making process have to be carefully in using a map of
predicted ozone for identifying unsafe areas because it is necessary to understand
the uncertainty of the predicitons. For this decision-making process, Geostatistical
analyst provides a number of methods that can perform this task. As for this
exercise, we only used the simples available model which is indicator kriging.

CONCLUSION

In this exercise, we have been introduced with the Geostatistical Wizard, data
exploration including Histogram Tool, Normal QQ Plot, Semivariogram/Covariance
Cloud, and Ordinary kriging for predicting ozone values across California and the
indicator kriging to map probabilty showing there are ozone concentration exceeded
a critical threshold value. There are any other Interpolation method in the
Geostatistical Analyst that can be used to predict a spatial data.