Synonyms

Exam as Test
Ciao as Bye
Major as Important
As well as Also
Killer as Hard
Flunk Out as To leave studies
In particular as Specifically
Bothering as Troubling
Thoughtful as Considerate

About Future in the past

Was going to, were going to
Video Power Sentences
Would you mind telling me?
But you could take my exams.
Thats very thoughtful of you.
but I couldnt possibly do that.
Really, its fine.

Asking a favor
Video Power Sentences:
Would you mind telling me?
But you can take my exams
Thats very thoughtful of you
But I couldnt possibly do that.
Really, its fine.
Example Sentences
Asking for
I have a favor to ask. Could you
Could you do me a favor? I
Would you be able to?
**Would you mind?
Answering (Agreeing or Turning down)
Of course anything you need.
Absolutely, Id be happy to help you.
No problem! It would be my pleasure
Im really sorry, but I cant. Im really busy that day.

I am afraid that I wont be able to.

**no, I wouldnt mind means I will do it.
**Im sorry but If a cant

Etiquette in the US
I guess To express opinion instead a truth.
Things like that, That kind of stuff expressing that there are other similar situations.
Bad manners Systematical misbehaviors
In this day and age Current ongoing time of history
Proper etiquette Excellent behavior on table
Typically Usually performance of sth
Video Words
Hostess A woman that invite guests
Typical
Napkin - a piece of cloth or paper used at meals for protecting and cleaning
Lap - the top part of your legs that forms a flat surface when you are sitting down
Fork
Cutlery, Silverware - knives, forks and spoons, used for eating and serving food
Plates
In this days and age
Etiquette refers to a series of specific rules
Manners is related to the overall behavior
Polite, impolite Expressing expectations and rules
Youre supposed to sit and wait there are expectations on sbd behavior
Use the butter knife correctly a statement to do smth well
If a woman was to get up conditional of past optional situation
all the gentlemen would stand up Response given the conditional
No hats at the table A rule stated in a rough way
A lot of it has to do with cutlery Establishing relation between smth and a bigger group.
She expects she hink or believe that sth will happen.
People are expected to sth suppose that people will do smth
Use the is an order
Dont put your Is a request
If ___, offer your A conditioned order
Have to do with Is related with sthg bigger.
No - Direct prohibition.
Writing about etiquette in Colombia.
When it comes about etiquette, here in Colombia rules spare from

Colombia is a relatively young country with an intricate geography, this situation leads to find widely different
manners and etiquette along the country; with the first one weighting much more than second, where typically,
respect and joyful are in the order of day.
As I have just learnt about England, here etiquette rules include good behavior on the table and dressing styles,
as well. If someone speaks with full mouth, pick up the phone or wear inadequate clothes most people would
look down at it. But a difference is that in England the correct use of cutlery seems mandatory, while here in
Colombia is unusual overthink about it.
Here is uncommon the concept of dinner party, instead of that social situations got specific names, namely:
wedding, birth day, baby shower, first communion, etc. thus, presents or gifts taken to the party depends on the
type. When it is a dinner party, gifts are a very, very thoughtful act. It is considered very polite to say hello to all
the other guests, and also appreciated to accept the food and drinks offered by the host, and because is a party,
dancing is almost obligatory. Here the big deal is having a great time, and a lot of it has to do with friendliness
comfort.

Finally, I have to say that Im kind of young, so I dont train my table time sophisticated etiquette very often,
unlike I do with overall good manners, but in a globalized world we should take it in count in order to be well
received everywhere. How knows when a dinner makes the difference.

Praising and responding to praise.

Video Power Sentences.
Im impressed.
You are a really smart guy.
Thank you for saying so
I just had a lot of luck.
Dont be modest
Doesnt suit you
I couldnt have passed without you.
It was nothing, really.
It was my pleasure.
I appreciate it.
Example expressions
To compliment or praise someone
Great job!
Keep up the good work!

You've really outdone yourself.

We couldn't have done it without you.
You should be proud of yourself
I'm very impressed.
People often respond to praise modestly, citing other people who helped or thanking the person who is doing the
praising.
It was nothing, really.
I had a lot of luck.
It was my pleasure
Anyone could have done it
I had a lot of help
Thank you for saying so
Use expressions like these to tell someone they're being too modest:
Don't be so modest
You don't give yourself enough credit
Take credit where it's due

PRONUNCIATION TIP The idea, in a nutshell, is to imitate a native speaker of the language that
you are learning, speaking your language, and apply it back to the target language. Let me
give you two valid examples. - See more at: http://reallifeglobal.com/7-tips-to-drasticallyimprove-your-pronunciation-in-english/#sthash.L1jjCSOM.dpuf

The man at the front desk was quite rude to me.

Learning proper etiquette in a new country can be relatively hard.
He was somewhat annoyed when his date arrived 30 minutes late.
barely = hardly = slightly
somewhat = rather
fairly = moderately
relatively = comparatively
quite = very = significantly

barely = hardly = slightly

somewhat = rather
fairly = moderately
relatively = comparatively
quite = very = significantly

Sympathy and Condolences

Video PowerTerms
Depend upon
Platitudes

Individual
Memories
Sympathy
Passed
Breast Cancer
Funeral
Died in Peace
Loved Ones
Sympathy vocabulary
When someone dies, it is a sad time. We want to express our sympathy to the family and friends of the
deceased. To avoid upsetting people, we avoid using words like die or dead. Instead we use euphemisms
(euphemisms). For example, pass or pass away is a euphemism for die.
A very close friend of theirs recently passed.
Her grandmother passed away in peace, surrounded by loved ones.
His father passed from a heart attack last year.
Here is some advice for expressing sympathy:
Try to avoid platitudes, or cliches, when expressing sympathy.
It's important to offer condolences to the person suffering a loss.
Many people like to recall memories of the individual.
They played John's favorite song at his funeral.

Cultural aspects of expressing sympathy

Just as it is with so many things, there are cultural differences in how we express sympathy and condolences. In
many countries, for example, the color of mourning is black, while in others it is white. Think about some of the
differences in the cultures of mourning around the world.
Some cultures prefer burial of the body, while others prefer cremation. Some cultures also insist on very quick
handling of the body, while others take a less urgent approach.
The body of the deceased individual can be viewed in some cultures, while it is never viewed in others.
In some cultures, a somber memorial is common; in others, a celebratory atmosphere.
Music and flowers are not encouraged in some beliefs, while quite the opposite can be true in others.
Gift-giving varies widely. In some cultures, money may be given, while in others it could be food or drink; in
others, no gift at all.
PowerExpressions
I want you to remember all the good time you had with this individual
And how unique or special they were.
And try to hold onto these memories that you got the opportunity to know them
Even though theyll be greatly missed.
And all our thoughts are with you

And anything you may need, just let me know.

Your mother died in peace.
And in sympathy.

Expressing condolences
Expressing condolences is difficult in any language. Here are some expressions that you may find useful:
You and your family have my deepest sympathy.
Our thoughts are with you.
I was so sorry to hear of your loss.
She will be greatly missed.
Please accept my sincere condolences.
People will often talk about the deceased and, more specifically, talk about their passing.
He had a rich, full life.
At least she passed in peace and didn't suffer.
It must be a comfort that he went quickly, surrounded by loved ones.
She was greatly loved by everyone who knew her.
He was a good man. I'll miss him.

Unit2 Corporate culture

LESSON 1

TALKING ABOUT CORPORATE CULTURE

Vocabulary Corporate culture

Extreme end
Sense of Ethics
Values
Recession
Lay of
Pay cut
Extra
Cleaner Approach
Surrounding Community
Give Back
Concepts such as values, ethics and responsibility are important when talking about corporate culture.
--The word value can be used as a noun or a verb.

I was strongly influenced by the company's values.

Managers always value passion.
--The words value and responsibility can be made into adjectives. Use the suffixes -able or -ible.
We feel that effective communication is most valuable.
We are responsible for giving back to the community.
--The noun ethics has an adjective form. Use the suffix -al.
I don't think that such extreme layoffs are ethical.
--The noun cut can be used as a verb without its form changing.
They cut our pay by 10 percent during the recession.
--By adding the suffix -ing to the verb surround, you form the adjective surrounding.
Our company is part of the surrounding community, and we should be aware of that.
--The verb lay off is often used in the past passive:
Thousands of employees were laid off.
--Lay off has a noun form: layoff.
Similot announced layoffs today.

Concepts such as values, ethics and responsibility are important when talking about corporate culture.
--The word value can be used as a noun or a verb.
I was strongly influenced by the company's values.
Managers always value passion.
--The words value and responsibility can be made into adjectives. Use the suffixes -able or -ible.
We feel that effective communication is most valuable.
We are responsible for giving back to the community.
--The noun ethics has an adjective form. Use the suffix -al.
I don't think that such extreme layoffs are ethical.
--The noun cut can be used as a verb without its form changing.

They cut our pay by 10 percent during the recession.

--By adding the suffix -ing to the verb surround, you form the adjective surrounding.
Our company is part of the surrounding community, and we should be aware of that.
--The verb lay off is often used in the past passive:
Thousands of employees were laid off.
Lay off has a noun form: layoff.
Similot announced layoffs today.

Some verbs look similar and have similar, but not identical, meanings. They are often confused and used
incorrectly. It may help to remember which verb takes an object and which doesn't.
Lie can mean 'to recline.' It does not take a direct object. Lay can mean 'to place' or 'to put.' It always has an
object. Here are the present and past forms:
Present
lie
lay

Past
lay
laid

Past participle
lain
laid

You can lie on the couch in the break room if you're not feeling well.
When I arrived at the office, I laid my jacket on the couch.
Note that lay off comes from the verb lay and means 'to put someone out of employment'.
During the recession, they were forced to lay off employees.
Two other verbs that can be confused are rise and raise. Rise means 'to go higher' and never has a direct object;
raise means 'to lift higher' and almost always has an object. Here are the present and past forms:
Present
rise
raise

Past Past participle

rose
risen
raised
raised

When profits rose, the company rewarded everyone.

We encourage everyone to express their opinions. Just raise your hands.

VideoPowerExpressions
I was so strongly influenced by Early values
Anybody could communicate at any level
We thought of ourselves as a family
Very much Everyone is for every else
I really believed in that

Being a caring person for those who dont have

Dont have Is No. 1 thing for me.
The profits come first is the way that we run our businesses these days.
It all boils down to... Making things for less cost.
I came from my schools I want to give back to my schools

--Use expressions like these to talk about your values:

I'm strongly influenced by my grandfather's approach to business.
I think of myself as an honest and ethical man.
I firmly believe in being a caring person.
---Use expressions like these to identify values and priorities:
The No. 1 thing for me is the environment.
It all boils down to profits.
Profits come first.
--Use expressions like these to talk about a corporate culture in which people routinely help each other:
One employee can communicate with another at any level.
Everyone is for everyone else.
We think of ourselves as a family.

Prefixes for business terms

Relocating
Establishing
Forefront
Sustainable Development
Reorganize
Company Structure
Competitive Package
---Prefixes such as re- and fore- change the meaning of the word they are attached to.
--Re- means 'again.'
The company wants to rehire me with a competitive benefits package.
We're going to relocate the office to Stockholm, and establish factories and a distribution center in Copenhagen.
We need to reorganize the company to increase efficiency.
They restructured the company last year.
--Fore- can mean 'in front of' or 'before.' Forefront means ahead of everyone else.
Our company is at the forefront of sustainable energy.

--Forecast means 'to predict.'

The CFO is forecasting an increase in profits.

Future continuous: 'will' and 'going to'

--Use will be or be going to be and a verb + -ing to talk about an action that will last for a time in the future.
There is no significant difference in meaning between be going to and will.
In her new company, she will be working at the forefront of biotechnology.
Zach won't be restructuring the Madrid office until spring.
We're going to be establishing new development guidelines.
We're not going to be relocating to New Delhi.
--You can use future continuous to ask very polite questions about people's plans. Compare the two questions
below. Notice how the continuous structure increases the politeness.
Will you reorganize the company?
Will you be reorganizing the company?

Business jargon
---Video PowerSentences
We are going global here
You stabbed me in the back.
If you give me the chance, Im gonna give, make it up to you.
Im gonna make you an offer that you cant refuse.
--Use the following expressions to talk about communication between people or business departments. Notice
that business expressions are often idiomatic.

I've got to touch base with Jared about relocating.

I want to talk about rehiring Tara Vang. When can we sync up?
Thanks for keeping me in the loop.
--Use straight shooter to talk about someone who is honest and candid.
She's a straight shooter. Even during the layoffs, she told the complete truth.
--Behind my back and stab in the back describe a secretive action or betrayal. Use screw up to talk about
someone's mistake. Be careful using these, as they are extremely strong and may be offensive.
Her assistant canceled the meeting behind her back.

He stabbed me in the back and then said he'd make it up to me.

Rob really screwed up that project.
--Use expressions like these to talk about a person's responsibilities at a company.
The sales team keeps track of customer accounts.
The business development manager answers to the chief operations officer.
You have to pull your own weight.
--Use the following expression to emphasize that an offer is excellent:
I'm going to make you an offer that you can't refuse.
Culture note: This expression make you an offer that you can't refuse was made famous by the 1972 movie, 'The
Godfather,' although it had a slightly more literal meaning when Michael Corleone said it.

Explaining company structure

Explaining company structure
Companies are structured in different ways for legal and financial reasons.
A corporation is a large business with legal rights and liabilities separate from its owners or shareholders.
Some well-known corporations are Microsoft and Google. You may see the abbreviations Corp. or Inc. after
the name of a corporation.
An LLC (limited liability company) is different from a corporation because of its owners' liability. The term
'limited liability' means the people in charge are not fully responsible for the company's debts. You may see the
abbreviations Ltd., LC, LLC or Co.
A general partnership is a business where all partners are jointly liable for debts.
A sole proprietorship is a business with just one owner.
--Use expressions like these to talk about company structure:
The company is divided into five main departments.
It's broken down into three main business units, each headed by a VP who reports to the president.
As a corporation, our costs are higher because of regulations, but we have less liability.
Upper management, including the CEO, answers to the board.
It's organized as a general partnership, with five partners who manage the company.

Zeinab H .: Welcome to class. Im Zeinab! We will begin in just a moment. Please type any questions or
problems you have here and remember to mute your microphone when you're not speaking.
Zeinab H .: open?
Zeinab H .: clearer
Zeinab H .: Lol yes we do!
Felipe : Fooling around
Felipe : as hanging out sinonym

Felipe : jeje OK
Zeinab H .: synonym
Felipe : ummm. ok.
Zeinab H .: Bum
MiguelAngel Ramirez: disaster?
MiguelAngel Ramirez: What a pity?
Zeinab H .: chillin'
Zeinab H .: Why, what's up? = Why, what's wrong?
Zeinab H .: or what happened
Zeinab H .: Go ahead!
Zeinab H .: yes
Felipe : prof, could you write the advise?
Zeinab H .: Of course! I wish I could relax, too
Zeinab H .: I wish I could relax, too, but I have too much work.
Felipe : And... could you remember what did I say? :)
Zeinab H .: I would like to be as you but I have too much work.
Felipe : oh, thank you
Zeinab H .: No problem
Zeinab H .: I'm feeling down
Zeinab H .: But i decided to chill right now
Zeinab H .: I'm studying English today

Speaking American

- What's up?
- gonna instead of going

- My way or the highway

- Be that as it may...
- Make the case with...
- As a rule of thumb...
- Elevator - Lift
- Soccer - Football
- Subway - Tube
- Bummer.
- I'm just hanging out.
- I'm chilling...
- Dude!
- That's so lame!
- Fooling around
- I bombed the test.
- I'm beat.
- Hey, what's up? = Hi, how are you?