Biology Improvement of Class XII Result 2014

Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan New Delhi
Reference Manual cum

Report

3-
23-25
2013
3 Day Workshop on
Improvement of Class XII Board

Results 2014

()
in Biology
Venue:
23-25 July 2013
Kendriya Vidyalaya, Khanapara

Guwahati (Assam)
Homo sapiens sapiens

(Modern man )
Homo sapiens fossilis
( CroMagnon man )
Homo sapiens neanderthalensis

(Neanderthal man )
Early Homo sapiens
Homo erectus
Homo habilis
Australopithecus africanus
A. boisei
A. robustrus
Ramapithecus
APES
Dryopithecus
Human Evolution
Produced by:
13
ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, Bhubaneswar

Kv-3 Campus, Mancheswar Rail Colony, Bhubaneswar (Odisha) 751017 India
Visit us: www.zietbbsr.org
E.mail: zietbbsr.yahoo.com
Course Director
USHA ASWATH IYER
Deputy Commissioner & Director, ZIET Bhubaneswar
Venue Director
Smt. Dolly Das
Principal, K.V. Khanapara, Guwahati (Assam)
Co-Ordinator & Resource Person

Dr. Abhijit Saha
PGT (Biology), ZIET Bhubaneswar
Resource Persons
Mr. Chandan Roy
PGT (Biology), KV Khanapara, Guwahati
Mrs. Pranamita Debnath

PGT (Biology), KV Khanapara, Guwahati
Supported by
ZIET Bhubaneswar Staff
KV Khanapara Staff
Sl. No.
Particulars
Page
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Message
Participant List
Details of Participants
Time Table
Group work Assignment
Daily Report
Concept map
Work sheet slow learner
Work sheet for Bright students
10
Progress Monitoring sheet
11.
Value based questions
12
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
HOTS
Areas within chapters identified for slow learners
Diagram and flow charts
Test Papers
Impressions by Group Leaders
The 3 Day story in Pics
18.
19.
20.
From the Directors Desk
Academics is an important part of any school and Kendriya

Vidyalayas have proved their academic brilliance with their
consistent performance of over 94% pass in the Class XII Board
Exams. There is a growing need to improve the qualitative results
too.
The idea of developing worksheets graded for different levels of
learners was designed keeping in mind that an improvement in
qualitative results will automatically result in quantitative improvement.
The materials have been developed by the teachers of the six participating regions:
Bhubaneswar, Ranchi, Guwahati, Kolkata, Silchar and Tinsukia under the inspiring
leadership of Dr Abhijit Saha, PGT Bio (ZIET Bhubaneswar) and Mr Chandan Roy
and Mrs Pranamita Debnath- PGT Biology of K V Khanapara (Guwahati Region). I
request the participating teachers to use this material and to share it with other
colleagues and students. Kindly send your suggestions so that we can improve these
materials.
Wishing all of you the very best in the 2014 Board Exams and in your future too.
USHA ASWATH IYER

DIRECTOR
ZIET BHUBANESWAR
The Resource Persons said .

Dear Friends
It was a wonderful suggestion from Ms. Usha A Iyer, our Director, ZIET Bhubaneswar when she first
presented her idea of conducting 3 workshops on improving the Board Results 2014 during our regular
meetings. All of us immediately woke up into action to plan for the three day activities.
The objective is to develop strategies so that No Child is left behind and all children reach the expected
grades / marks. Accordingly six teachers each from the six Regions under the jurisdiction of ZIET
Bhubaneswar were called at KV Khanapara for the meet.
The enthusiastic teachers with the three Resource Persons admit that the product of the workshop will be
fruitful and we shall achieve our goal.
A request to all participating teachers is to spread the concept of this workshop to other Biology teachers.
Please do not forget to send your feedback to:
feedback2zietbbsr@yahoo.in OR
abhijitsaha65@gmail.com
Best Wishes to students appearing in AISSCE 2014 and Thanks to all teachers and associates.
Dr. Abhijit Saha,

PGT (Bio), ZIET Bhubaneswar
_________________________________________________________________________________
Dear Colleagues,
It is a matter of privilege to mention that a three day workshop was conducted at K V Khanapara Guwahati
Assam under ZIET Bhubaneshwar.
The aim of the workshop was to improve Biology results both quality and quantity in the next academic
session. I can say with confidence that a lot of material has been developed by the team of learned and
experienced Teachers who have put in their best effort in development of materials for students appearing
in AISSCE 2014. Special thrust was to generate materials for Bloomers and Gifted students as their needs
are different.
The materials were generated so that the teachers will get readymade materials based on which better and
quantitative output can be assured .The highlight are was to produce worksheets for students that will help
teachers to make the teaching -learning more easy, interesting and effective .
All this has been possible because of the hard work, dedication and the commitment of our teachers, and
Resource persons. The role of Ms. Usha A. Iyer, Deputy Commissioner and Course Director ZIET,
Bhubaneswar and Sri K J Subba, Deputy Commissioner KVS Regional Office Guwahati Region was very
encouraging. The venue Principal Mrs Dolly Das was a source of inspiration.
The Year will pose new challenges with new group of students but I am sure that the dedicated and sincere
team of fellow Biology teachers will do their best to achieve higher goals and to keep the KVS flag flying high
3
In the end, I would like to express my personal thanks to ZIET Bhubaneswar for commitment and support to the
cause of Biology and providing opportunity to be the Resource Person for the workshop.
My best wishes once again to all the students and teachers.
Chandan Roy
PGT Biology, K V Khanapara, Guwahati Assam
Resource Person
__________________________________________________________________________________
Dear colleagues,
I am grateful to Ms. Usha
A. Iyer , Deputy Commissioner and
Bhubaneswar, for choosing me
Course Director ZIET,
as one of the Resource Persons in the three day
Workshop for Improvement of Board Results in Biology conducted in Kendriya

Vidyalaya Khanapara.
I must congratulate the entire team of respectable fellow Biology Teachers who joined
this course as participants from six Regions. They have worked tirelessly under the
capable guidance of ZIET, Bhubaneswar Course Director and the team of Resource
Persons.
I am sure the materials developed in this workshop will be a great help for teaching
and learning Biology in class XII and help in the improvement of quality and quantity
of the results of AISSCE 2014 - Biology.
It wouldnt have been possible without the support of Sri K.J. Subba, the Deputy
Commissioner of Guwahati Region, Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan, and the Venue
Principal, Mrs. Dolly Das.
I believe that hard work and proper planning & execution really pays. At the end I
wish success to one and all.
Pranamita Debnath
PGT BIOLOGY, Kendriya Vidyalaya Khanapara
Resource Person
KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR
03 DAYS WORKSHOP FOR PGT BIOLOY FOR IMPROVEMENT OF AISSCE 14 RESULTS HELD FROM 23/07/13 TO
25/07/13
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ATTENDED
Sl.
No
Name of the Teacher
MR. VIRENDRA KUMAR
Name of the
KV
DULIAJAN
RRL, JORHAT
ONGC,
SIVASAGAR
MR. S.K. OJHA

MR. ABHISHEK
TRIPATHI
MR. YUGARAJA
JAGADEESH
MRS. TANIMA
BARMAN
MRS. SUNITA
MESHRAM
MR. RAJU DEY
MRS. J D GOSWAMI
MS SHIVANI PANDEY
NAGAON
CRPF
AMERIGOG
UPPER
SHILLONG
3
4
5
NO.1 TEZPUR
NO.2 TEZPUR
DIMAPUR
Post
Region
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Tinsukia
PGT BIO
Guwahati
PGT BIO
Guwahati
PGT BIO
Guwahati
PGT BIO
Silchar
10
MR. RAJESH VERMA
KAILAHAHAR
11
MR. H.S. YADAV
LOKTAK
PGT BIO
Silchar
12
MS. NANDITA HORO
LUMDING
PGT BIO
Silchar
13
MS. S BAIDYA
SILCHAR
PGT BIO
Silchar
14
MR. C DINAKARAN
LANGJING
PGT BIO
Silchar
15
MR. N CHAKRABORTY
PGT BIO
Silchar
16
MRS. S D KUJUR
NO.1 IMPHAL
BOKARO
THERMAL
PGT BIO
Ranchi
17
MR. SANJAY NARAYAN
NO.1 DHANBAD
PGT BIO
Ranchi
Group
Leader
Group
Leader
MR. B P GUPTA
HINOO (2nd
Shift)
PGT BIO
Ranchi
19
MRS. J B MINZ
NAMKUM,
RANCHI
PGT BIO
Ranchi
20
MR. S N BASU
TATANAGAR
PGT BIO
Ranchi
21
MR. SUJIT MALO
BONDAMUNDA
PGT BIO
Ranchi
22
CH. M S KUMAR
NO.2 SVN VIZAG
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
23
DR. M. RAYAPPA
MALKAPURAM
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
24
MRS. T. SARANGI
GOPALPUR MS
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
25
MRS. SANJUKTA RATH
NO.2 BBSR
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
26
MR. A.K. SAHOO
SAMBALPUR
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
PGT BIO
Kolkata
PGT BIO
Kolkata
PGT BIO
Kolkata
PGT BIO
Kolkata
PGT BIO
Kolkata
PGT BIO
Guwahati
18
27
PURI
28
MR. M.R. TRIPATHY

MRS. MALLIKA
BURMAN
29
Mr G K PATRALEKH
CHITTARANJAN
RAIGANJ
30
MRS SOMA BANERJEE
BURDWAN
31
Dr B K LAL
32
Mr R A VERMA
OF DUMDUM
BARRACKPORE
(AFS)
33
MR N MAJHI
MRS PRANAMITA
DEBNATH
JAGIROAD
KHANAPARA
PGT BIO
Guwahati
MR CHANDAN ROY
KHANAPARA
PGT BIO
Guwahati
DR ABHIJIT SAHA
ZIET
BHUBANESWAR
PGT BIO
Bhubaneswar
Group
Leader
Group
Leader
Group
Leader
Group
Leader
RESOURCE
PERSON
RESOURCE
PERSON
RESOURCE
PERSON
Details of Participants
Sl.
No
.
Name of the
Participant
Email
KV
PHONE
MR. VIRENDRA
KUMAR
DULIAJAN
vkumardpn@gmail.com
ojhaskbio@gmail.com
2
3
MR. S.K. OJHA

MR. ABHISHEK
TRIPATHI
MR.
YUGARAJA
JAGADEESH
MRS. TANIMA
BARMAN
MRS. SUNITA
MESHRAM
RRL, JORHAT
ONGC,
SIVASAGAR
abhishekbotbhu@gmail.com
yugaraja@gmail.com
868863668
8
tanima.bp@gmail.com
943555030
4
sunita_c07@yahoo.co.in
847487143
0
NO.1 TEZPUR
NO.2 TEZPUR
MR.N. MAJHI
DIMAPUR
HPCL,
JAGIROAD
MR. RAJU DEY

MRS. J D
GOSWAMI
NAGAON
CRPF
AMERIGOG
UPPER
SHILLONG
11
MISS SHIVANI
PANDEY
MR. RAJESH
VERMA
12
MR. H.S.
YADAV
13
MS. NANDITA
HORO
shourjyamajhi@gmail.com
rdunplugged@gmail.com
10
14
15
MS. S BAIDYA
Ms. C
DINAKARAN
16
MR. M.
CHAKRABORT
Y
18
MRS. S D
KUJUR
MR. SANJAY
NARAYAN
19
MR. B P
GUPTA
17
KAILASHAHAR
LOKTAK
jayashreegoswami2013@gmail.co
m
LANGJING
943679607
9
savirajverma@gmail.com
09436147860,
09414441338
hsyadav85@gmail.com
908916015
5
nanditamam@gmail.com
943506801
0
sieulibaidya@yahoo.com
dinachingakham@gmail.com
mithun.kvs@gmail.com
NO.1 IMPHAL
BOKARO
THERMAL
NO.1
DHANBAD
HINOO (2nd
Shift)
943572224
2
967848911
2
970601312
2
shivani.pandey9@gmail.com
LUMDING
SILCHAR
995439835
8
9435325210
,
9508986575
940181357
0
sushmakujur2011@gmail.com
sanjaynarayankv66@yahoo.co.in
bgupta010@gmail.com
943562309
2
961290389
9
730807079
4
898672409
0
993116070
4
960865757
2
20
MS. J B MINZ
NAMKUM,
RANCHI
21
MR. S N BASU
22
MR. SUJIT
MALO
23
CH. MS KUMAR
BONDAMUND
A
NO.2 SVN
VIZAG
24
DR. M.
RAYAPPA
MALKAPURAM
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
MRS. T.
SARANGI
MRS.
SANJUKTA
RATH
MR. A.K.
SAHOO
MR. M.R.
TRIPATHY
MRS. MALLIKA
BURMAN
GK
PATRALEKH
SOMA
BANERJEE
DR. B K LAL
R A VERMA
RESOURCE
PERSONS
DR. ABHIJIT
SAHA
TATANAGAR
GOPALPUR
MS
jyotibela.kv@gmail.com
siddharthanathbasu@gmail.com
monbit76@gmail.com
cmskmr2007@gmail.com
dr.m.rayappa@yahoo.com
sarangitrupti966@gmail.com
943876742
7
rathprafullak@yahoo.co.in
933822238
5
NO.2 BBSR
SAMBALPUR
ajitsahoo7@gmail.com
mtripathy49@gmail.com
PURI
RAIGANJ
CHITTARANJA
N
mallika.burman@rediffmail.com
gkpatralekh@gmail.com
PGT
(Bio)
CHANDAN
SAHA
PGT(Bio
)
PRANAMITA
DEBNATH
PGT(Bio
)
889541135
4
943857786
9
890051707
9
993450401
6
somabanerjee45@yahoo.com
988334667
4
bklal2536@gmail.com
842073035
9
raverma@rediffmail.com
943460973
9
BURDWAN
OF DUMDUM
BARRACKPOR
E
(AFS)
900672110
5
943015776
5
943786606
3
949013156
3
970123507
0
ZIET BBSR
abhijitsaha65@gmail.com
KV,KHANAPARA
croy1181@gmail.com
KV,KHANAPARA
pranamitadn@gmail.com
828024477
0
943519490
2
943519490
3
KVS - ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR

3 Day Work shop for PGT (Biology) on Improvement of AISSCE (Class XII) 2014 Results
Venue: KV Khanapara (Guwahati Region)
Time / Date
9.00-9.15 Hrs
23-25 July 2013
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
23.7.2013
24.7.2013
25.7.2013
Registration (9.00-10.00 a.m.)
Prayer
Prayer
Inauguration 10.00 -10.30 a.m.) Aims

9.15-10.45 Hrs
and Objectives of the Workshop by

Dr. Abhijit Saha (10.30-10.45 a.m.)
10.45-11.00 Hrs
11.00-12.00 Hrs
Practical application (45 min)
MOTIVATION
B r e a k
Improving Results of Slow Learner:
Concept mapping (Discussion 30 min)
Discussion: Graphs and diagrams (30
(30 min) SWOT analysis (30 min)
& Practical application (30 min)
min) Group work on the topic (30 min)
13.00-14.00 Hrs
Identification of areas within

Chapters for slow Learners (Group
B r e a k
HOTS and Value Base Qn.
(15 min) and Preparing WS (60 min)
15.45-16.00 Hrs
Compilation
work)
L u n c h
Discussion: Preparing Work sheets
14.00-15.45 Hrs
Fast memory Techniques (45 min)
T e a
Group Formation and Distribution of

Task/(30 min)
12.00-13.00 Hrs
Time Table
Preparation
T e a
Plenary Session
B r e a k
Discussion: Chapter wise Performance

16.00-17.00 Hrs
analysis (30 min) Submission of
Group Work (Completion of task )
Valedictory
todays work (20 min)

Director, ZIET BBSR
KVS - ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR

3 Day Work shop for PGT (Biology) on Improvement of AISSCE (Class XII) 2014 Results
Venue: KV Khanapara (Guwahati)
23-25 July 2013
Distribution of Work (Region wise)
Group
Region to
whom work
assigned
Tinsukia
Kolkata
Ranchi
Bhubaneswar
Guwahati
Silchar
Work Sheet*
Chapter (1,2,3) for Bright Learner
and Slow learner separately
Chapter (5,6) for Bright Learner and
Slow learner separately
Chapter (11,12) for Bright Learner
Chapter (10,15,16) for Bright
Learner and Slow learner separately
Graphs and
Diagrams
Identification of
areas within
Chapters for
slow learners
Concept
Mapping$
HOTS +
Value Based
Qn.**
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(1,2,3,)
Chapter (5,6)
Chapter
(7,8,9)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Chapter
(7,8,9)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Chapter
(7,8,9)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Chapter (7,8,9)
Chapter (7,8,9)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Chapter
(7,8,9)
Chapter
(11,12)
Chapter
(4,13,14)
Chapter
(10,15,16)
Test Paper#
Note:
* Work sheet should not cover the whole chapter. Only one important concept in a chapter is used for one work sheet. Several work sheets may be prepared from one chapter.
$ One concept map will be for one concept only and not for the whole chapter.
+ Minimum 5 questions per chapter
** Minimum 2 questions per chapter
# One Test Paper should cover one chapter only. Max marks-20 / time- 30 min/ No. of questions-20 / Questions will be of objective nature (e.g. one word answer, MCQ, True false,
Fill in the blanks, Matching, diagram labeling, etc.)
Instructions for Typing: Paper size-A4, Font- Calibri (Body), Font Size-11, Margin- Normal, Portrait Orientation in MS Word
DAILY REPORT of the 3 Day Workshop for PGT (Biology) on Improvement of

AISSCE (Class XII) 2014 Results
DAY 1:
DATE: 23/07/13 After
Registration all the candidates gathered in the venue at K.V.Khanapara for the inauguration programme at 9:00
am. Mr. K.J.Subba, the Deputy Comm., KVS (RO) Guwahati, attended the ceremony as the Chief Guest and
motivated the whole team, including the Venue Director, the Principal, Mrs. Dolly Das, K.V.Khanapara.
The Aims & Objectives of the Workshop was explained to the gathering by Dr. Abhijit Saha, Resource Person
from ZIET, Bhubaneswar.
After 15 minutes Tea Break at 11:00am Dr. Abhijit Saha explained the need for SWOT analysis to be done by
the individual student for the subject (biology).
At 12:00 noon the candidates from six different regions were divided into six groups. The leaders of each group
are as follows:-1. Tinsukia Region
Mr. S.K. Ojha
K.V. RRL, JORHAT
2. Guwahati Region
Mr. N. Majhi
K.V.Jagiroad
3. Silchar Region
Mr. M. Chakraborty
K.V.No.1 Imphal
4. Rachi Region
Mr. B. P. Gupta
K.V. HINOO (2nd Shift)
5. Bhubaneswar Region
Mr. M.R. Tripathy
K.V.Puri
6. Kolkata Region
Mrs. Soma Banerjee
K.V. Burdwan
The team leaders of each region were handed over copies of Distribution of work and briefed.
Preparation of the Worksheets went on till tea break (3:45pm).
The day ended with a 30 minutes discussion on Chapter wise Performance analysis presided by Dr. Abhijit
Saha, the Resource Person. The Performance Monitoring Sheets were provided to all.
Mr. Chandan Roy & Mrs. Pranamita Debnath, the resource persons collected the work (Monitoring Sheets) from
the participants at 5:00pm.
DAY 2:
DATE: 24/07/13
The day started with the morning prayer led by the Team Guwahati, commanded by Mr. Ajit K. Sahoo, Pledge
led by Mr. N. Majhi, thought read by Miss Shivani Pandey & the News announced by Mr. Raju Dey.
Till tea break Dr. Abhijit Saha discussed on Fast Memory Techniques. After tea, Mr. Chandan Roy discussed on
practical application of Concept Mapping. At 12:00 noon the participants started the session of Identification
of Chapters for slow learners & listing concepts on selected chapters.
After lunch Mrs. Pranamita Debnath discussed on preparation of HOTs and Value Base questions.
After tea, at 4:00 pm, the groups completed their tasks till 5:00pm and handed over to the Resource Persons.
DAY 3:
DATE: 25/07/13
The started with prayer conducted by the team Tinsukia, commanded by Mr.S K. Ojha, Pledge led by Mr.V.
Kumar, thought read by Mr. A. Tripathi & the News announced by Mrs.T. Barman, special item was a report on
this workshop by Mr. V. Kumar and at end The Days Word was given by Mr. Y. Jagadeesh.
There was a Session on Motivation- the ways, techniques & practices sharing and exchange of views, and with
beautiful motivation Power point Slides led by Dr. Abhijit Saha, supported by Mr. Chandan Roy & Pranamita
Debnath, till tea break at 10:45 am.
After tea, the discussion continued on the uses of Graphs and diagrams for the slow learners.
The Compilation of the work done ended by Lunch. After lunch there was a Plenary Session.
After tea break, in the valedictory function the participants received the certificates and dispersed.
ZIET Bhubaneswar 2013-141

Concept Map
Asexual Reproduction
In Single Celled Organism
Binary Fission e.g.
Amoeba
Multiple Fission e.g.
Plasmodium
In algae, fungi & lower animals

Zoospores e.g.
Chlamydomonas
Conidia e.g.
Penicillium
Bud (exogenous) e.g.
Hydra
Endogenous Bud/Gemmule
e.g. sponges
Fragmentation e.g.
Spirogyra
Vegetative Propagation
Runner e.g. Oxalis
Rhizome e.g.Zinger
Sucker e.g. Banana
Offset e.g.Water hyacinth
Bulb e.g. Onion
Leaf notch e.g.
Bryophyllum
Bulbil e.g. Agave
Concept Map
Chapter
No. 1
Name of the Chapter:
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Reproduction in Organisms
Sexual reproduction
* 2 parents, each give sex cell/ gamete (Similar-Isogametes, Dissimilar-Anisogametes)-Pre-fertilization

events
*Offspring NOT identical to parents (VARIATIONS IN OFFSPRINGS)
*FERTILIZATION = SPERM + EGG = ZYGOTE Fertilization event
*ZYGOTE DEVELOPS INTO EMBRYO-Post-fertilization events
Chapter
No. 2
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering
Microsporogenesis
Anther
Plants
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region

Concept Map
Corner cells become elongated and called

Primary archesporial cell
Periclinal division
Parietal cell
Sporogenous cell
Divide mitotically to form four layers
Endothecium
Epidermis
(Single layered)
*single
layered
Tapetum
Middle layer
*2-3 layered
*cells are
stony
*single
innermost
layer
*nutritive
nature
Microspore
mother cell
Meiosis
Microspore tetrad
Microspore
*Polyploid
Vegetative cell
Generative
cell
Mitotic division
Two
male gamete
Chapter
No.3
Human Reproduction
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region

Concept Map
Post Fertilization Events

Concept Map

Concept Map
Oogenesis

Concept Map
The path of sperm transfer:

Seminiferous
tubules
Vasa
efferentia
Rete testis
Epididymus
Vas
deferens
Urethra
Hormones involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis:
Hypothalamus
GnRH
Stimulates
Pituitary
LH
Acts on
Leydig cells
Secretion of
Androgens
Chapter
No. 4
FSH
Acts on
Sertoli cells
Secretion of
Factors helping spermiogenesis
Reproductive Health
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region

Concept Map
POPULATOIN
EXPLOSION
CAUSES
CONTROL MEASURES
COSEQUENCES
REDUCED INFANT MOTALITY RATE
SCARCITY OF HABITAT
BIRTH CONTROL MEASURES
DECLINE IN DEATH RATE
UNEMPLOYMENT
CREATING AWARENESS
IMPROVED COMMUNITY HEALTH
SHORTAGE OF FOOD
LEGISLATION
IMPROVED AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
ECOLOGICAL MBALANCE
FAMILY PLANNING
Natural methods:
lactational amenorrhoea,
coitus interruptus,
periodic abstinence
IUDS:
Barrier methods:
non medicated, copper

releasing, hormone
releasing
Hormonal methods:
Oral Contraceptives,
Injections & Implants
Chapter
No. 5
condoms , diaphragms,
cervical caps, vaults
Methods of
birth control
Surgical methods:
Vasectomy, Tubectomy
Principles of inheritance & variation
Prepared by: .
Kolkata Region

Concept Map

Concept Map
HAEMOPHILIA
Sex linked recessive trait (HbsHbs) in X chromosome
Heterozygous female parent may transmit the trait to son
Possibility of daughter to be haemophilic is rare
(except a cross between a carrier mother & haemophilic father)
Mutant gene affects clotting of blood
Defect leads to continuous bleeding even in minor injury resulting in loss of
blood
SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA

Autosomal recessive trait(HbsHbs)
Heterozygous parents(HbAHbs) may transmit the trait
Mutant haemoglobin molecule changes RBC into sickle shape
Defect due to substitution of Glutamic acid by Valine
Point mutation of single base substitution at 6th codon of
beta globin chain of haemoglobin gene from GAG TO GUG

Concept Map
Due to sickle shape, RBC can not pass through capillaries affecting
Blood supply in low oxygen tension
PHENYLKETONURIA
Inborn error of metabolism in autosomal recessive trait(HbsHbs)
Mutant gene affect the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase responsible
for converting phenylalanine to tyrosine in liver
Accumulated phenylalanine get converted into phenylpyruvic acid & other derivatives
Defect causes black urine & mental retardation affecting brain
THALASSEMIA
Autosomal recessive trait
Disease caused due to mutation or deletion of one or more genes
Mutant gene affects rate of synthesis of one globin chain of haemoglobin
& results in anaemia - thalassemia is caused due to defect in HbA1 & HbA2 linked
genes of chromosome-16 - thalassemia is caused due to defect in HbB linked genes of
chromosome-11
COLORBLINDNESS
Sex linked recessive trait in X chromosome
Heterozygous female parent may transmit the trait to son
Possibility of daughter to be colorblind is rare
(except a cross between a carrier mother & colorblind father)
Mutant gene affects cone cells in eyes resulting in failure to discriminate red/green color
Defect leads to continuous bleeding even in minor injury resulting in loss of blood

Concept Map
CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
ANEUPLOIDY
POLYPLOIDY
Failurre of segregation of chromatids during cell division

(Results in gain or loss of a chromosome)
Failure of cytokinesis during cell division
(Results in increase in a whole set of chromosome)

Often found in plants
AUTOSOMAL
SEX-LINKED
DOWNS SYNDROME
Additional copy of chromosome 21(Trisomy) KLINEFELTERS
TURNERS
Short statured with small round head
SYNDROME
SYNDROME
Furrowed tongue & partially open mouth
Absence of one X chromosome(45+XO)
Broad palm with characteristic palm crease
Sterile female with rudimentary ovary
Retarded mental development
Lack of secondary sex characters
Additional copy of X-chromosome
Reduced breast development
resulting in karyotype of 47(XXY)
Webbed neck
Overall masculine development with
Short stature with swollen fingers
feminine like development of breasts(Gynaecomastia)

Sterile in nature
Chapter
Prepared by:

Concept Map
No. 6

Molecular basis of inheritance
DNA SYNTHESIS OR REPLICATION:
Enzyme
DNA Helicase
DNA Polymerase
DNA clamp
Kolkata Region
Function in DNA replication

Also known as helix destabilizing enzyme. Unwinds the DNA double helix
at the Replication Fork.
Builds a new duplex DNA strand by adding nucleotides in the 5' to 3'
direction. Also performs proof-reading and error correction.
A protein which prevents DNA polymerase III from dissociating from the
DNA parent strand.

Concept Map
Single-Strand
Binding Bind to ssDNA and prevent the DNA double helix from re-annealing after
(SSB) Proteins
DNA helicase unwinds it thus maintaining the strand separation.
Topoisomerase
Relaxes the DNA from its super-coiled nature.
Relieves strain of unwinding by DNA helicase; this is a specific type of
topisomerase
Re-anneals the semi-conservative strands and joins Okazaki Fragments of
DNA Ligase
the lagging strand.
Provides a starting point of RNA (or DNA) for DNA polymerase to begin
Primase
synthesis of the new DNA strand.
Lengthens telomeric DNA by adding repetitive nucleotide sequences to the
Telomerase
ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.
Eukaryotes have three nuclear RNA polymerases, each with distinct roles and properties:
DNA Gyrase
Name
Transcribed
Product
RNA Polymerase I
(Pol I, Pol A)
nucleolus
Larger ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (28S,

18S, 5.8S)
RNA Polymerase II
(Pol II, Pol B)
nucleus
messenger RNA (mRNA) and most

small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)
RNA Polymerase III

(Pol III, Pol C)
nucleus (and possibly the transfer RNA (tRNA) and other small
nucleolus-nucleoplasm interface) RNAs (including the small 5S rRNA)
Other organisms utilize RNA polymerase I to transcribe certain protein-coding genes in addition to
rRNAs.

Concept Map
Transcription in Prokaryotes
Promoter +
RNA polymerase
Coding Strand
With Sigma
Template Strand
Ribonucleotide
With the help of rho factor
Terminator
RNA
Transcription in Eukaryotes
RNA Polymerase
DNA template strand
Primary transcripts (Exon + Intron)
Splicing
Exons joined (hn RNA)
Capping at 5 end
(Methylated Guanine)
Introns removed
Tailing at 3 end (200-300

Adenylate residue) at Poly A tail
m RNA (Released from nucleus to cytoplasm)

Concept Map

Concept Map

Concept Map
Translation:* AAAmino
*ATP
Triphosphate
*E
AAAMP-Eadenylate
complex
AAt RNA
RNA complex
acid
Adenosine
Pyrophosphate
Amino acid
enzyme
Amino acyl-t
Methodologies of Human Genome Project

to form a
Process of joining of amino acids by peptide bondpolypeptide.
Sequence annotation
Expressed sequence Tags (EST)
1. Activation of amino acids

Mg+2
Sequencing the whole
set of genome
AA+ATP+E
AA-AMP-E+ PPi Identifying all the genes Expressed as
including both codingAA
&-non
-coding
AMP
-E+tRNA AA-tRNA+AMP+ERNA
sequences
Isolation of
DNA from the cell
2.total
Initiation
Small subunit (40s) of ribosome binds with mRNA.

Charged t RNA specific for initiation codon reaches P site
subunit (60s) of ribosome now combines with 40s-m RNAt
Fragmentation byLarger
restriction
met
endonuclease RNA
complex in the presence of Mg+2
Fragments cloned in suitable host using

3. Elongation
suitable vector BAC(bacteria)/YAC (yeast)
Second t-RNA charged with amino acid occupies A site of ribosome.

Peptide bond formation between methionine and second amino
acidsautomated
with the help of enzyme peptide transferase.
Fragments sequenced using
Ribosomes moves over m RNA in 53
DNA sequences
Sequences arranged on the basis

4. Terminator
of overlapping regions.
Translation stops when non sense codons (Stop codons) reached.

No t RNA for stop codons (UAA,UAG,UGA)
Synthesized polypeptide is released with the help of release factor.
Alignment of the sequences by

specialized computer based
programmes

Concept Map
Contains 3164.7 millions

Nucleotide bases
Functions of
50% discovered
genes unknown
Repetitive
sequences of
DNA contribute
in EVOLUTION
Salient
features of
Human
Genome
Average gene consists

of 3000 bases
Total genes 30,000

(99.9% same in all)
Less than 2% gene

code for protein
Largest gene
dystrophin at 2.4
million bases
Y chromosome has
231 genes (minimum)
Chromosome-1
has 2968 gene
(Maximum)
Application of Human genome project

Identification of defective genes.
Opportunity to offer early treatment.
Identification of genes that confer susceptibility to certain
disease.
Prediction of protein that the genes produce.
Drug designing to enhance or inhibit the activities of the proteins.
REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION BY OPERON MODEL
SWITCH ON CONDITION

Concept Map
i-gene
Repressor Protein+ Inducer
Repressor Inducer complex
Structural gene accessed by RNA

polymerase (no blockage at operator)
Transcription of Structural gene

Enzyme/ protein formed
SWITCH OFF CONDITION
i-gene
Repressor Protein + Operator gene
RNA polymerase can not access the

structural gene due to repressor operator
No transcription of the structural gene
No enzyme or protein formation

Concept Map
GENETIC CODE
commaless
Universal
Unambiguous
Initiation Codon
AUG
Triplet
Genetic Code
Linear
Nonsense codon
(UAA,UAG,UGA)
Degenerate
Non overlapping

Concept Map
TECHNIQUE FOR DNA FINGER PRINTING

Technique developed by Dr.Alec Jeffreys.(also known as DNA typing/DNA profiling)
Method uses short nucleotide repeats called VARIABLE NUMBER OF TANDEM
REPEATS(VNTR) as markers.
VNTR is similar in closely related individuals since inherited from ancestry.
METHODOLOGY
DNA isolation & extraction from the cell by high speed refrigerated centrifuge
Amplification of DNA content by PCR (Polymerase chain reactions) for producing many copies
DNA fragmentation(digestion) by Restriction endonucleases
Separation of DNA fragments by agarose Gel electrophoresis
Double stranded DNA split into single stranded
Transfer of separated DNA to nylon or nitrocellulose sheet by Southern blotting

Concept Map
Nylon sheet immerse in a bath having probes/marker* to bind to specific nucleotide sequence (Hybridisation)
Hybridised DNA fragments detected as dark band on X-ray film by Autoradiography
Dark band develops at probe site & compared with experimental segment
*Probes/ Markers are radioactive synthetic DNA complementary to VNTR

Concept Map

Concept Map
Chapter
No.7
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Evolution
Tiger cat
Tasmanian
Wolf
Banded
anteater
Sugar
glider
Marsupial
Marsupial
rat
Radiation
Marsupial
mole
Kangaroo
Koala
Bandicoot
Wombat
Adaptive Radiation of Marsupials of Australia

Concept Map
PALAEONTOLOGY
EVIDENCES
Comparative study of fossils
Embryology
Embryo of Vertebrates
OF
EVOLUTION
Connecting
Links
Archaeopteryx
Comparative
anatomy
Homologous organs
Chapter
No.8
Analogous organs

Human Health & Disease
Vestigeal organs
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region

Concept Map
TYPES OF DISEASES
INFECTIOUS
eg. Leprosy
NON-INFECTIOUS
eg. cancer
TRANSMITTED BY- air, water, physical

contact, animals
CAUSES stress, no/less physical

activity, genetic, unsuitable diet,
wrong life style, exposure to
carcinogens
TYPES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

viral, bacterial, fungal, worms,
protozoal
CONTROL MEASURES balanced diet,

good personal hygiene, awareness
about diseases, vaccination, hygienic
food and water
CONTROL MEASURES stress

management, physical exercise,
balanced diet, avoiding drugs, alcohol
and tobacco
HEALTH AFFECTING FACTORS
GENETIC FACTOR
LIFE STYLE
INFECTIONS

Concept Map
TYPES OF ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
ACTIVE IMMUNITY
PASSIVE IMMUNITY
Antibody produced within own

body, it is long lasting, does
not cause allergy, takes time
to activate
Antibodies transferred from

another individual, not long
lasting, sometimes cause
allergy, provides immediate
relief
CANCER
CAUSES
DETECTION
IONISING RADIATION
CHEMICAL LIKE TAR
FROM, CIGARETS,
VIRUS - PAPILLOMA
PREDISPOSITION
Chapter
No.9
BIOPSY AND
HISTOPATHOLOG
ICAL STUDY
C.T, M.R.I, X RAY
TREATMENT
SURGERY
RADIATION
SYSTEMIC:
a) CHEMOTHERAPY
b) HORMONTHERAPY
c) MONOCLONAL
ANTIBODY SUPPORTIVE
CARE
d) ALPHAINTERFERON

Strategies for enhancement in food production
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region

Concept Map
Out-breeding
Interspecific
hybridisation
Out-crossing
Animal
breeding
Controlled
breeding
Chapter
No.11
Fig1: Concept map of animal breeding

Name of the Chapter: BIOTECHNOLOGY PRINCIPLES AND
PROCESSES
The features that are required to facilitate cloning into a vector

Origin of replication(ori)
Selectable markers
Cloning sites
Vectors for cloning genes in plants and animals
POLYMER CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
Crossbreeding
Prepared by:
BHUBANESWAR Region

Concept Map
Synthesis of multiple copies of gene of interest in in vitro conditions using two sets of primers,
(Primers means small oligonucleotide strand complementary to the regions of DNA)
PALINDROME in DNA (The sequence of base pairs that reads same on the two strands when orientation
of reading is kept the same. For example, the following sequences read the same on the two strands in
53 direction.
This is also true if read in the3
5------------- GAATTC------ 3
3------------- CTTAAG ------ 5
Another example;
MALAYALAM where the word is read same in both directions
GENITICALLY MODIFIED PLANT(USES)

Concept Map
Chapter
Name of the Chapter :
Prepared by:
BHUBANESWAR Region
No.12
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
GENETICALLY ENGINEERED INSULIN
Maturation of proinsulin into insulin
Poly peptide short chain-
A -disulphide bridge
PROCESSING
Poly peptide chain-B
MATURED INSULIN
EXTRA STRECH OF C-PEPTIDE

Chapter
No.12
BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Prepared by:
BHUBANESWAR Region
RNA- INTERFERENCE (cellular defense mechanism)

1)
DNA m-RNA t-RNA -disease
2)
DNA m-RNA dsRNA t-RNA Prevent Translation of the m-RNAof the
parasite ii) CRY-PROTEN Of Bacillus thuringiensis
Bacillus thuringiensis
(pest)
alkaline P.H of the gut of the insect activated toxin
swelling , lysis of the gut finally, causes the death of the insect
Chapter
No. 13
Organisms & Populations
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region

Concept Map
REGULAT
ION
CONFOMA
TION
HOW DO
ORGANISMS LIVE IN
THEIR
ENVIRONMENT ?
MIGRATI
ON
SUSPENSI
ON
Chapter
No.14
Ecosystem
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region

Concept Map
Prepared by:

Concept Map
Chapter
Biodiversity and its Conservation
No.15
Conservation of Biodiversity
In-Situ
Ex-Situ
Strategies
Strategies
Biosphere
Botanical
Reserve
Gardens
National
Zoological
Park
Parks
Wildlife
Gene
Sanctuaries
Bank
Sacred
Tissue
Forests
Culture
Silchar Region

Concept Map
Global Biodiversity
Vertebrates
Fishes
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Plants
Fungi
Mosses
Ferns
Angiosperms
Lichens

Concept Map
Invertebrates
Insects
Molluscs
Crustaceans
Other animal
groups

Concept Map
MICROBES IN SEWAGE TREATMENT

Waste water
PRIMARY
TREATMENT
FILTRATION
SEDIMENTATION
SECONDARY
TREATMENT/BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT
AERATION TANKS
formation of FLOCS
(masses of bacteria associated with fungal filaments )
Significantly reduces BOD

PRIMARY SLUDGE (SOLID SETTLE)
AND SUPERNANTS FORMS EFFLUENTS
SETTLING TANK
Sediments called ACTIVATED SLUDGE
ANAEROBIC SLUDGE DIGESTERS
During digestion, bacteria produce mixture of

gases such as METHANE,HYDROGEN SULPHIDE
AND CARBON DIOXIDE

Concept Map
Reasons for more biodiversity in Tropical region

a)
Availability of more solar energy

greater species diversity.
Greater bio mass production
b)
Less seasonal variations
more constant and predictable
environment
niche specialization and greater species diversity.
c)
Less glaciations
undisturbed environment
for evolution more species diversity.
more scope
Number of species in Amazon

Rain Forest in South America
40,000
plant
species
3,000 fish
species
Chapter
No. 16
1,300 bird
species
427
mammal
species

POLLUTION
427
amphibian
species
378 reptiles
species
1,25,000
invertebrate
species
Prepared by:
SILCHAR Region

Concept Map

Concept Map
ZIET Bhubaneswar1WORK SHEETS / Slow Learner
Work Sheet: For
Slow Learners
Each Work sheet will be of 2 Pages. You are requested to prepare at least 2 work sheets for each chapter. The
content will be limited to any specific topic within the chapter which you think important. No mark or Grade will
be given. Only 5 Questions per Work sheet will be prepared. Leave Space for students work.
Type of Questions: MCQ/ Answer in a word or a sentence/ cross word puzzle/ fill in the blanks/match the following
/ one word substitution (terminology)/ Diagram labeling/True or false /or any other type decided by the teacher.
PLEASE FOLLOW NCERT TEXT ONLY.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
1-A
No. 1
1
Name the most invasive aquatic plant weed which is called as Terror of Bengal.
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Offsprings produced by asexual reproduction are referred to as clones. Why?
Study the relationship between first two words and suggest a suitable word for fourth place.
(a) Chlamydomonas : Zoospores :: Penicilium : .............................
(b) Ginger : Rhizome :: Agave : .............................
Fill in the gaps.

The period from birth to the natural death of an organism represents its
Asexual reproduction is seen in which of the following pair of organisms.

(a) Amoeba and Hydra
(b) Penicillium and Hibiscus
(c) Rose and Earthworm
(d) Leech and Cockroach
Tapeworms possess both male and female reproductive organs. What is the name given to such
organism? Give two more examples of such organisms.
Fill the blank spaces a, b, c, and d given in the following table.

Organism Organ Gamete a
Testes
Spermatozoa
ANSWERS
1 Water hyacinth (Eichornia)
2 ZIETBecause
offsprings produced by Ase
Bhubaneswar2WORK SHEETS / Slow Learner
to parent.
3 (a) Conidia (b) Bulbils
4 Life span
5 a.
Amoeba
Hydra
and
xual reproduction is
morpholo
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
1-B
No. 1
Sexual Reproduction
Human female
b
Ovum
Plant (Angiosperm)
c
Pollen grains
Plant (pteridophytes) antheridium
d
gically and
genetically identical
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Fill in the blanks

The site of zygote formation is the ..present inside the ovule of a flowering plant.
Bryophytes and Pteridophytes produce a large number of male gametes but relatively very few
female gametes. Give one reason.
The male gametes of rice plant have 12 chromosomes in their nucleus. The chromosome number
in the female gamete, zygote and the cells of the seedling will be, respectively, a. 12, 24, 12 b. 24,
12, 12
c. 12, 24, 24 d. 24, 12, 24.
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
Hermaphrodite; Examples : Earthworm, Leech.

a = Human male b = ovary c =
Anther
d = Antherozoid
Embryo sac
Because male gamete need medium (water) to reach egg/female gamete. A large number of the
male gametes fail to reach the female gamete.
c. 12, 24, 24
Work Sheet:
2-A
What is thalamus?
Chapter
No. 2
Label any four parts of the given flower
Topic:
PARTS OF FLOWER
Prepared by:
TINSUKIA Region
Write any one function of corolla.
What is the function of androecium ?
What is the function of gynoecium ?
1
2
3
4
5
In a flower , four different sets of whorls are attached to a central axis

called
Thalamus,androecium,gynoecium,calyx,corolla
Provides colour and scent to attract pollinators.
Production of pollen grains.
Production of megaspore, fruit and seed
Work Sheet:
2-B
1
What is
stamen?
Chapter
No. 2
Topic:
Male reproductive unit
Write the name of four wall of microsporangium?
Define microsporogenesis?
What is microspore tetrad?
What is sporopollenin?
ANSWERS
halamus.
t
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
Stamen is the male reproductive unit.

Epidermis,Endothecium,Middle layer,Tapetum
The process of formationof microspore from a pollen mother cell by meiosis is called
microsporogenesis.
PMC undergoes meiotic division to form cluster of four cells called microspore tetrad.
The exine of pollen grain is a hard layer made of sporopollenin ,which is one of the most resistant
organic
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
2-C
No. 2
Seeds and fruits
Draw the diagram of maize seed and label any four parts.
Write the example of two albuminous and non albuminous seed.
Write one difference between true and false fruit.
Give any two examples of fleshy and dry fruits.
Write short note on parthenocarpic fruits. Give an example.
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
Non- albuminous seed : pea , groundnut.

Albuminous seed : wheat,maize .
True fruits : fruit that develops from only ovary, e.g. :pea , wheat , maize.
False fruits : fruits that develops from ovary and the thalamus, e.g. apple,straeberry.
Fleshy fruits : orange , mango, etc.
Dry fruits : mustard ,groundnut, etc.
Fruits that are formed without fertilization are called parthenocarpic fruits.These do not have
seeds.e.g.: banana
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
3-A
No. 3
Gametogenesis
Tinsukia Region
1.
The process of gametogenesis starts at
a) The time of birth
b) Puberty
c) During embryogenesis
d) The childhood
2. 16 primary spermatocytes undergoes the first meiotic division to form________ haploid
secondary spermatocytes.
a) 16
b) 32
c) 64
d) 08
3. Sertoli cells provide __________ to the growing sperms.
a)
b)
c)
d)
2
Nourishment
Mobility
Energy
Lubrication
Match the following column A and B:COLUMN A

COLUMN B
I.
Spermatogenesis
a) anterior portion of sperm
II.
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
b) formation of a mature female gamete
III.
ovulation.
c) transformation of spermatids to sperm
IV.
acrosome.
d) acts on the Sertoli cells V. oogenesis
e) release of ovum
VI.
spermiogenesis.
f) formation of a mature male gamete
Fill in the following blanks:1. The release of sperm from seminiferous tubules is known as_______________.
2. Sperm is composed of ahead, __________ and a middle piece.
3. Gametogenesis is the process of formation of ___________ in gonads.
4. Tail in sperm helps in __________.
5. luteinising hormone (LH) acts at the Leydig cells and stimulates synthesis and secretion
of___________.
State whether true or false.
1. The sperm head contains an elongated haploid nucleus.
2. The seminal plasma along with the sperms constitute the semen.
3. Oogonia are keep on forming though out the life in the ovary.
4. Antrum is the fluid filled cavity of tertiary follicle.
5.
Middle piece of sperm have numerous plastids.
Label A, B, C and D in the above diagram - Structure of a sperm.
ANSWERS
1
1.
B
2. b
3. a
2
I.
f
II.
d
III.
e
IV.
a
V.
b
VI.
c
3
1.
spermiation
2. neck
3. gametes
4. Swiming
5. androgens
4
1. True
2. True
3. False
4. True
5. False
5 A. Acrosome
B. Nucleus
C. Neck
D. Tail
Work
Chapter
Sheet: 3-B
No. 3
2
3
Topic:
Pregnancy
and
Embryonic
Development
Prepared
by:
Tinsukia
Region
Fill in the following blanks:1. _______hormone maintain the pregnancy.

2. Three embryonic layers which give rise to all organs in adults are __________, ______ and
_________.
3. Most of the major organs are formed by the end of _____ trimester.
4. The placenta is connected to the embryo through an ____________.
5. _____________ hormone is produced in women only during pregnancy.
6.
Name the hormones secreted by placenta.
During pregnancy the levels of other hormones like estrogens, progestogens, cortisol, prolactin,
thyroxine, etc., are increased several folds in the maternal blood. Why?
State whether true or false.

1. Finger like projections which appear on trophoblast are called choronic villi.
2. A hormone called relaxin is secreted by the embryo.
3. By the end of the second month of pregnancy, the foetus develops limbs and digits.
Label A, B, C and D in the above diagram -The human foetus within the uterus.
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
1.
Progesterone
2. Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
3. First
4. Umbilical cord
5. hCG/ hPL/ relaxin
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human placental lactogen (hPL), estrogens,
progestogens and relaxin
They are essential for the growth of foetus.
1.
true
2. false
3. true
A.
Placental vili
B. Yolk
C. Umbilical cord
D. Embryo
Work Sheet:
3C
Chapter
No. 3
Topic:
Male Reproductive
System
1 One word substitution :

1. Helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes.
2. Each lobule contains one to three highly coiled.
3. Compartments present in testis.
4. Two types of cell which line seminiferous tubule.
5. Cells which secrete androgens in testes.
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
2 Label the following diagram:
3 Match the following column A with B:

Column A
Column B
1. seminal plasma
a) accessory ducts
2. Leydig cells
b) rich in fructose, calcium
3. Sertoli cells
c) synthesise and secrete androgens
4. rete testis
d) provide nutrition
4 Fill in the blanks:
1. The ________is the male external genitalia.
2. Secretions of male accessory glands constitute the_________.
3. glans penis is covered by a loose fold of skin called ________.
ANSWERS
1
1.
2.
3.
4.
Scrotum
seminiferousTubules
testicular lobules
male germ cells and Sertoli cells
1. b
2. c
3. d
4. a
4
1. Penis
2. seminal plasma
3. foreskin
Work Sheet: 4-A
Chapter No. 4
Topic: Infertility &

Amniocentesis
1 Identify the following process.
2 Write the full forms of the following ART,

IVF, ZIFT, IUT
3 Answer in one word or sentence: 1.
Artificial Insemination
2. In vitro fertilization:
Prepared by: Guwahati Region
4 Match the following

A
Syphilis
Genital Herpes
Gonorrhoea
Trichomoniasis
B
Herpex simplex virus
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Trichomonas vaginalis
Treponima pallidum
5
Fill up the blanks:
MTPs are legalized in India in ______.
ANSWERS
1 ANS: amniocentesis
2
ART: Assisted Reproductive Technologies, IVF: in vitro fertilization, ZIFT: Zygote Intra Fallopian
transfer, IUT: Intra Uterine Transfer
3 1. Semen is collected from husband or donor male and introduced into the vagina or uterus.
3. Sperm and ovum are allowed to fuse under simulated conditions in the laboratory to form
zygote.
4
Syphilis
Treponima pallidum Herpex simplex virus
Genital Herpes
Herpex simplex virus
Gonorrhoea
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Trichomoniasis
Trichomonas vaginalis
5 1971
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
4-B
No. 1
Methods Of Birth Control
Guwahati Region
1 Name the following birth control method?
2 Match the following:

A
1. Saheli A.
2. Cu-7 B.
3. Cervical Cap
4. Norplant
B
IUD
Barrier Method
C.
Implant
D.
Oral Contraceptive

a) Oral contraceptive pills are to be taken for a period of ____days.
b) ______is an example of hormone releasing IUD.
c) A contraceptive that can prevent STDs is________
4 State True or False
1. Periodic abstinence is always a reliable method of birth control.
2. Saheli is a once a week pill
3. Testosterone and progesterone mixture is used in contraceptive injection & implants.
5 When is MTP safe?

ANSWERS
1 Tubectomy
2 Saheli
Cu-7
Cervical Cap
Norplant
3 1. 21
2. LNG-20 OR PROGESTESERT
3. CONDOM
D.
A.
B.
C.
Oral Contraceptive
IUD
Barrier Method
Implant
4 1. FALSE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE.
5 . During the first trimester i.e., upto 12 weeks of pregnancy
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
5-A
No. 5
Mendelism
Kolkata Region
1 There is no glycoprotein on RBC s in persons with blood group O .Give reason.
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2 __________________ number of phenotypes are formed in the 16 squares in a punett square of a
dihybrid cross.
On self pollination of a tall pea plant , it was found that one fourth of the progeny were dwarf .What
is the genotype of the parent and the dwarf progenies ?
4 Which law of Mendel was strongly opposed by the concept of Linked genes.
_________________________________________________________________
5 All test crosses are Back crosses but all Back crosses are not Test crosses .Why ?
_________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
1 There is no dominant gene that codes for glycoproteins on RBC s in blood group O.
2 Four
3 Parent - Tt , Dwarf progeny - tt
4 Law of Independent Assortment
5 In a test cross, only recessive parent is used whereas in back cross it is not so.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
5-B
No. 5
Linkage and Genetic disorders
Kolkata Region
X- chromosome is called sex chromosome. Why?
_________________________________________________________________________________
Certain genes tend to be inherited together in a cell at the time of cell division due to
________________________________.
3
___________________ used the frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same
chromosome as a measure of the distance between genes.
(1) Morgan
(2) Sutton and Boveri
(3) Mendel
(4) Sturtevant
Human male never passes the gene for Haemophilia to his son. Why ?
(a) The gene is Y-linked
(b) Autosomal recessive
( c) Autosomal dominant
(d) X linked
___________________________________________________________________________
Across
1.Physical associationof genes on a chromosome.
3.Absence ofone X chromosome(syndrome).
4. sex linked recessive disease.
Down
2. trisomy of 21st chromosome(syndrome).
5. Extra copy of X chromosome (syndrome) .
1
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
X chromosome is used in the determination of sex of individual.

Linkage
(4) Sturtevant
(d) X linked
1. LINKAGE , 2.DOWN ,3.TURNER ,4.HAEMOPHILIA , 5. KLINEFELTER
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
6-A
No. 6
DNA and RNA
1 What is the role of DNA ligase in replication ?
Prepared by:
Kolkata Region
d
c
Label a, b, c and d in the above diagram .
3
____________________ is the initiation factor for transcription of a segment of DNA into
RNA.
(a)Rho factor
(b) RNA primer
(c) sigma factor

(d) DNA polymerase
Label a, b, and c in the following diagram :
a
b
5. State any 4 features of the Genetic code .
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
To join Okazaki fragments

. (a) Phosphate, (b) Phosphodiester bond , (c) Nitrogen base ,(d) Deoxyribose sugar
(c) Sigma factor
(a) H 1 Histone ,(b) DNA ,(c) Histone octamer.
Code is
,
degenerate, mbiguous, non overlapping.
universal
una
Work Sheet:
Chapter
6-B
No. 6
Why HGP is called mega project ?
Topic:
Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Draw a diagram of the nucleosome .
Differentiate between Codon and Anticodon .
Write the role of ribosome during translation .
Write about
a) promoter
b) inducer
Prepared by:
KOLKATA Region
ANSWERS
1
2
Total cost of this project is nine billion US dollars and complited in 13

years.
NCERT TEXT BOOK fig no. 6.4 a.
3
Present on mRNA, present on tRNA respectively.
4
Site of translation.
5
a) promote transcription , b) substrate that prevents operator to bind operator.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
6-C
No. 6
Molecular basis of Inheritance
Kolkata Region
1
What is satellite DNA ?
2
Write full form of VNTR?
Write the function of DNA POLMERASE.
Write the name of initiating codon .
Write the scientific name of the organism on which Taylor.et al performs their experiment.
ANSWERS
1
A portion of DNA which not code for any protein.
Variable Number Tandem Repeats.
DNA replication
AUG,GUG
Vicia faba
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
7-A
No. 7
Evolution
Ranchi Region
1
Which statement is correct regarding Biston betularia
a. The black colouration was caused by pollution
b. Black moths were covered with soot
c. These mothes were killed by a fungus
d. An occasional mutation caused black moth to be born.
2
Anatomical structures that show similar function, but are dissimilar embryonically are called
--------------.
3
Mention the brain capacity of Homo habilis.
4
Name the theory that describes the formation of universe.
What does this diagram signify?
ANSWERS
1
2
d
Analogous organs
3 650-800cc.
4
The Big Bang Theory
5
This diagram shows the experimental proof of theory of abiogenesis.
Work
Chapter
Topic:
Sheet:
7-B
No.7
Evolution
Prepared
by:
Ranchi
Region
Write your observation on the variations seen in the Darwins Finches show
n above.
Name the five factor affecting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
3
4
Make a flow chart to show the Human evolution.

Name the gases present in the atmosphere of primitive earth.
Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation?
ANSWERS
1
2
The variation of beaks is the outcome of adaptation to different food habits.

Five factors are-1.Gene migration 2.Genetic drift 3.Mutation 4.Genetic recombination
5.Natural selection 3
EVOLUTION OF MAN
Ramapithecus
Australopithecus
Homo habilis
Homo erectus
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens sapiens
(Modern man)
4 Methane, Ammonia,Water vapour and Hydrogen. 5
Louis Pasteur.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
8-A
No. 8
Life cycle of Malarial Parasite
Ranchi Region
1
How many hosts are required to complete the life cycle of malarial parasite?
When the infected female Anopheles mosquito bites a healthy man, which stage of the parasite is
injected ?
3
The parasite enters the liver cells and goes for --------------type of reproduction.
4
The sexual stages of the parasite develop in -------------- cells of human beings.
5
The fertilization & development of the parasite take place in which part of the secondary/
intermediate hosts body?
ANSWERS
1
Two hosts( man-primary host& female Anopheles mosquito- secondary
host) 2 Sporozoite stage
3
Asexual reproduction
4
RBCS
5
Intestine
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
8-B
No. 8
AIDS
1
Name the group of viruses which causes HIV/AIDS ?
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
HIV/AIDS gets spread by touching or through simple physical contact .True/false
Name the widely used diagnostic test for AIDS.
What is the full form of NACO ?
We must use disposable needles and syringes to avoid spreading of HIV . True/false
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
Retrovirus
False
ELISA (ENZYME LINKED IMMUNO SORBENT ASSAY)
National AIDS Control Organisation
True
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
9-A
No.9
Animal husbandry
What is an animal husbandry?
Which animals are taken care in the animal husbandry?
Name any two products of dairy farm?
Write down the scientific name of the common species of honey bee.
Whether the birds or honey bees are the major pollinators of flowers?
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Q6.Fill in the blanks:

a)Animal husbandry deals with the care and breeding of ------------.
b)Dairying is the management of animals for --------.
c)Poultry is the class of domesticated fowl(birds) used for ------- and --------.
d)Controlled breeding experiments are carried out using --------.
e)-------- is a new breed of sheep developed in Punjab by crossing Bikaneri ewes Marino rams
7 Fill in the blanks: A,B,C,D and E.
Crop
Variety
Resistance to diseases
Wheat
Brssica
C
Cowpea
E
1
2
3
5
6
A
Pusa swarnim(Karan rai)
Pusa shubhra,
Pusasnowball K-I
D
Pusa sadabahar
Leaf and stripe rust, hill bunt.

B
Black rot and curl,blight black
rot
Bacterial blight
Chilly mosaic virus,Tobacco
mosaic virus and Leaf curl.
ANSWERS
Agricultral practice of breeding and raising livestock.

Livestock like cow, buffaloes,pigs, horses,duck,etc.
Milk, butter,cheese,etc. 4 Apis indica.
Honey bees
a)Livestocks
b)milk
c) egg and meat
d)Artificial insemination
A-Himgiri,B-White rust,C-Cauliflower,D-Pusa komal,E-Chilli
Work Sheet:
10-A
into
curd by
lactic
acid
bacteria
is:
Chapter
No. 10
Wastewater
treatment
generates a
large
quantity of
Topic:
MICROBES
IN
HUMAN
WELFARE
Prepared
by:
SILCHAR
Region
1
a.
2
be treated by:
The vitamin whose content

increases following the
conversion of milk
vitamin C
c. vitamin B 12
E.
sludge,
which can
b. vitamin D
d. vitamin
c. chemicals
d.
3
a. rumen of
cattle
b. gobar gas
plant
c. bottom of
water
d. activated
sludge
4 products:
Bacterium
(i) Aspergillus
niger
(ii) Acetobacter
aceti
(iii) Clostridium
butylicum
(iv) Lactobacillus
Choose the corr
a. i b, ii c, iii d, iv
a
b. i b, ii d, iii c, iv
a
c. i d, ii c, iii b, iv
a
d. i d, ii a, iii c, iv
b
5
a. dissolved
impurities
b. stable
particles
c. toxic
substances
d. harmful
bacteria.
a. digesters
b. activated
sludge
oxidation
pond
Methanogenic bacteria are not
found in:
-logged paddy fields
a) Lactic
acid
b) Butyric
acid
c) Acetic
acid
Match the following list of

bacteria and their commercially
important
Product
(
(
(
(d) Citric acid
ect match:
The primary treatment of waste

water involves the removal of:
ANSWERS
1c2
a3
c
4
C
5
b
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
10-B
No. 10
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
BOD of waste water is estimated by measuring the amount of:
Prepared by:
SILCHAR Region
a. total organic matter

b. biodegradable organic matter
c. oxygen evolution
d. oxygen consumption.
Which one of the following alcoholic drinks is produced without distillation? a. Wine
b. Whisky
c. Rum
d. Brandy
The technology of biogas production from cow dung was developed in India largely due to the
efforts of:
a. Gas Authority of India
b. Oil and Natural Gas Commission
c. Indian Agricultural Research Institute and Khadi & Village Industries Commissiond. Indian Oil
Corporation.
The free-living fungus Trichoderma can be used for:
a. killing insects
b. biological control of plant diseases
c. controlling butterfly caterpillars
d. producing antibiotics
Match the items in Column A and Column B and choose correct answer.
Column A
Column B
(i) Lady bird
(a) Methano bacterium
(ii) Mycorrhiza
(b) Trichoderma
(iii)Biological control
(c) Aphids(iv) Bi ogas
(d) Glomus
The correct answer is:
a. i b, ii d, iii c, iv a
b. i c, ii d, iii b, iv a
c. i d, ii a, iii b, iv c
d. i c, ii b, iii a, iv d
ANSWERS
1D2
A3
C4
b
5
b
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic: microbes in
10-C
No. 10
human hold products.
1
Name microbes known as bakers yeast.
Prepared by:
Region Silchar
Why there are large holes in Swiss cheese. Name the bacteria responsible for it?
Full form of LAB.
What is toddy? How is it prepared?
Name the microbes used to convert milk into curd. How its quality is improved?
ANSWERS
1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Due to production of carbon dioxide. Propionibacterium sharmanii

3 Lactic acid bacteria.
South Indian traditional drink made by fermenting sap from palms.
Lactobillus.by increasing vitamin B12 .
Work Sheet: 11A

1
Chapter
No. 11
Topic:
Restriction Enzymes
Name the Enzyme that cuts at specific position within the DNA.
a) Restriction Endonuclease.
b) Restriction Exonuclease.
c)DNA ligase
d) None of the above.
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
2
5' G AATTC 3'
3' CTTAA G 5'
Name the Enzyme that makes the above cut.

a)BamH I
b) EcoR I
c)Hind III
d) None of the above.
3
a) DNA ligase enzyme joins the sticky ends to form recombinant DNA. True/False.
b) DNA fragments are separated and isolated by gel electrophoresis technique. True/False
c) We need Ethidium bromide to stain the separated DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis.
True/False
Match the following:Column-A

a)Restriction Endonuclease
b)Gene Therapy
c)Gel electrophoresis
d)Selectable Marker
Column-B
i)ADA deficiency(SCID)
ii)EcoRI
iii)Amp-r & tet-r
iv)Separation of DNA fragments according to
their length
a )We need____________________ to stain the separated DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis.
Ethidium bromide/ Ethidium Iodide/ Ethidium chloride.
b) Source of Ti Plasmid is ______________________. Agrobacterioum tumifaciens/E. coli/
Salmonella typhimurium/Thermous aquaticus
ANSWERS
1
2
3
Restriction Endonucleases.
EcoRI
a)True
b)True
c)True
4
Column-A
a)Restriction Endonuclease
b)Gene Therapy
c)Gel electrophoresis
d)Selectable Marker
a) Ethidium bromide .b) Agrobacterioum tumifaciens
Column-B
ii)EcoRI
i)ADA deficiency(SCID)
iv)Separation of DNA fragments according to
their length
iii)Amp-r & tet-r
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
11-B
No. 11
Cloning Vectors
Bhubaneswar Region
r
r
1 amp and tet represents ______________________. (Selective Marker/Permanent marker)?
2
Name two Restriction Endonucleases which will cut the plasmid at specific sequence .
a)eta -galactosidase enzyme sequence is used in insertional inactivation method.True/False

b) Ori sequence is also responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA.True/False
c)Bacteria is one of the sourse of plasmid.True/False
Which bacterium provides us Ti plasmid?

a) Agrobacterioum tumifaciens
b) E. coli
c) Salmonella typhimurium
d)None of the above
a)Disarmed Retroviruses are used to deliver genes in____________.(Animals/Plants/Bacteria)

b)Chitinase removes the cell wall of________________________.(Fungus/Bacteria/Animals)
c)Replication in plasmid vector starts from__________________.(Ori/rop/regulator/inhibitor)
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
Selective Marker
EcoRI and BamHI
a)True
b)True
c)True
Agrobacterioum tumifaciens
a)Animals b)Fungus c)Ori
Work Sheet: 11C

1
Chapter
No. 11
Topic:
Processes of recombianant DNA
Technology
Which enzyme is used to break the cell wall of bacteria?
a)Cellulase
b)Lysozyme
c)Chitinase
d)None of the above
Prepared
by:
Bhubaneswar Region
a)Taq polymerase is the enzyme used in PCR for DNA polymerization.True/False

b)Taq polymerase can work at higher temperature(Thermostable).True/False
c) Taq Polymerase is an archaebacteria present in hot spring. True/False
d)The stirrer facilitates mixing and oxygen availability throughout the bioreactor. True/False 3
Which instrument is used to culture large volume of bacteria? Nuclear reactor/Bio reactor 4
Mention in which process primers are annealed to DNA in a Polymerase chain reaction?
1
2
The processes of separation and purificationof product from bioreactor are collectively known
as_____________.
a)Down stream processing
b)Upstream processing
c)cleaning of bio-reactor
d) Washing of Product.
ANSWERS
Cellulase.
a)True
b)True
c)True
d)True 3
Bioreactor.
4
The stirrer facilitates even mixing and oxygen availability throughout the bioreactor. True
5
Downstream processing.
Work Sheet: 12A
Chapter
No. 12
Topic:
Biotechnological
Applications in Agriculture
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Expand GMO.
a) Genetically Modified Organisms
b) Genetically Modified Ovary
c) Genetically Modified Orchid
d) None of the above
Expand Bt.
a) Biotechnology
b) Bacillus thuringiensis
c) Brinjal Technology
d) None of The Above
A nematode Meloidegyne incognitia infects the roots of __________ plants and causes a great reduction
in yield.
Tobacco /Cotton /Brinjal.
Prototoxin is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the
crystals.The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and create pores that cause
cell swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect.True/False
RNAi takes place in all __________________organisms as a method of cellular defense. (Eukaryotic /
Prokaryotic).
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO).

Tobacco.
Prototoxin is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise
the crystals.The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and create pores that
cause cell swelling and lysis and eventually cause death of the insect.True
Eukaryotic.
Work Sheet:
12B
Chapter
No. 12
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Topic: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL
APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE
Pro-insulin is A,B &C polypeptides and Insulin is A&B Polypeptides joined by disulfide
bonds.True/false
2
3
4
5
What is the difference between Pro-insulin and insulin?

Expand ADA.
Expand ELISA.
ELISA is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction.True/False
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
True
C -peptide.
Adenosine deaminase.
Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay.
True.
Work Sheet: 12-C
Chapter
No.12
Topic: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL
APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
GEAC stands for.

a)Ground Environment Action Committee
b)Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
c)Genetic Engineering Approval Committeee
d)Genetic and Environment Approval committee
ADA deficiency can be cured by clinical gene therapy.
True/False
The milk Produced by Rosie Cow was rich in___________________ Protein.

Alpha-lactalbumin / Alpha-1-antitrypsin / Haemoglobin / Collagen.
Match the Following:a)First clinical gene therapy

b)Eli Lilly
c)The First Transgenic Cow
i)Humilin
ii)Rosie
iii)HIV test
d)ELISA
5
iv)SCID(ADA deficiency)
GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which will make decisions regarding the validity of
GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services. True/False
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
b)Genetic Engineering Approval Committee

True
Alpha-lactalbumin
a)First clinical gene therapy
iv)SCID(ADA deficiency)
b)Eli Lilly
i)Humilin
c)The First Transgenic Cow
ii)Rosie
d)ELISA
iii)HIV test
True
Work Sheet:
13-A
Chapter
No. 13
Topic:
Population Attributes
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
1
Replace the letters a,b,c & d by appropriate words:
immigration
d
Natality
a
Population
density
c
2
Name the three ecological age groups.
_______________ _________________________
_______________
Name then two factors that contribute to an increase in population size/density.
______________________
_____________________
Identify the age pyramids:
_____________
____________
____________
Fill up the blanks:

a) When the resources are unlimited the population growth exhibits ______________growth
model.
b) Oraganisms like _____________ and ____________ breed once in their life time.
c) Every habitat has resources to support a particular maximum number of individuals
called___________
What do the following equations represent:

a) dN/dt = (b-d) x N
___________________________
b) dN/dt=rN x (k-N)/k ___________________________
ANSWERS
1
b. Mortality
c. emigration
1. Pre reproductive, reproductive, post reproductive ,

2. food availability, weather, predation pressure, competition. ( any two)
3
4
Expanding, stable, declining

. A. exponential
b.pacific salmon fish, bamboo
c. carrying capacity
A. exponential growth
b. logistic growth
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
13B
No. 13
1
Complete the following table with + or - :
Name of the interaction
Species A
Mutualism
Predation
Parasitism
commensalism
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Species B
2
Identify the true statements:
1. Fungus absorbs the nutrients , whreas algae prepares food in Lichen.
2. A true parasite kills its host.
3. Prey kills the predator and absorbs the nutrients.
4. Orchids grow as epiphytes. This is an example of commensalism.
3
Pick the ectoparasites from the following list:

a) Tapeworm,
b) plasmodium
c) lice
d) liverfluke
4
Fill up the blanks:
1. Competition is _________ to both the species.
2. Cuckoo bird is _________ parasite.
3. Mycorrhiza is an example of_________.
5
Name a parasitic plant.
Name of the interaction

Mutualism
Predation
Parasitism
commensalism
1. True
2. false
3. true4.
true
ANSWERS
3
4
c. lice
1. Harmful
2. brood
3. mutualism
Cuscuta
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Species A
+
+
+
+
Topic:
Species B
+
0
Prepared by:
14-A
No. 14
Ecosystem structure and

function
Guwahati Region
1
Identify the trophic levels from the following food chain
a) Grasshopper _______________
b) Eagle
_______________
c) Snake
____________
2
Write down the blank steps a, b, & c
Fragmentation
a
b
humification
Pick the correct option:

1.
a)
b)
c)
d)
In an ecosystem the cycling of nutrient is known as

Geological cycle
Geochemical cycle
Chemical cycle
Biogeochemical cycle
2.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Mass of living matter at a trophic level in an area at any time is called as

Standing crop
Detritus
Humus
Standing state
4
Which of the following can not be pyramid of energy?
Classify the following components of ecosystem as biotic and abiotic:

Human, fire, tiger, mushroom, rainfall, soil, phytoplanktons, diatoms
ANSWERS
Biotic
1
2
3
Abiotic
a. producer, b. quaternary consumer, c. tertiary consumer

a. leaching, b. catabolism, c. mineralisation
a. standing crop
Biotic
Human, tiger , mushroom, phytoplanktons,
diatoms
4
5
Fire, rainfall , soil
(iii)
Work Sheet:
14B
1
Abiotic
Chapter
No. 14
Topic: Ecological
Succession And Nutrient
Cycling
Complete the following flow chart:

Phytoplankton
______________
( _______________ )
Prepared by:
Guwahati
Region
Rooted hydrophytes
( _______________)
___________
Grasses
_______________
( climax community)
Choose the correct option:

1. About 70% of total global carbonis found in:
a) Ocean
b) Forest
c) Grassland
d) Agro ecosystems
2. Which of the following fixes atmospheric nitrogen:
a) Nostoc
b) Algae
c) Methanogens
d) None of these
State true or false:

1. About 80% dry weight of organisms is constituted by carbon
2. Lichens are the pioneer community in a xerarch
3. The reservoir for phosphorous cycle exists in atmosphere
4. Carbon cycling occurs through atmosphere, oceans and living organisms.
5. Hydrarch succession takes place in Himalayan region.
A schematic representation of a nutrient cycling is given below. Name the nutrient that is cycled.
Indicate what the numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent?
Consumers
Litter fall
uptake
Soil solution
1
Rock minerals
Run off
Identify the ecological succession given following:
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
5
1. Ans. a. ocean
2. a. Nostoc
. 1. False
2. true
3.false
4. true
5. false
1. Weathering, 2. Producers, 3. Detritus, 4. Decomposition
Hydrarch
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
15-A
No. 15
Biodiversity conservation
Silchar Region
1
Match the following:
(a)Endemism-(i)Khasi and Jaintia hills Meghlaya
(b)Hotspot of India- (ii)Zoological Parks and Botanical garden
( c)Sacred groves-(iii)Westen Ghats
(d)Protection under special care ex situ type-(iv) Advanced ex situ conservation
(e)Cryopreservation (v)Species found in particular area only.
Choose the correct match:
A.(a)-(v) ,(b)- (iii),(c)-(i) ,(d)-(ii) ,(e) (iv)
B.(a)-(iv) ,(b)- (iii),(c)-(i) ,(d)-(ii) ,(e) (v) C.(a)(v) ,(b)- (iii),(c)-(ii) ,(d)-(i) ,(e) (iv)
D.(a)-(iv) ,(b)- (ii),(c)-(i) ,(d)-(iii) ,(e) (v)
2
Choose the correct answer:
1. Conserving biodiversity for direct economic benefits like food, medicine, industrial products.
(a)Narrowly utilitarian(b)Broadly utilitarian( c)ethical
2. Conserving biodiversity for major ecosystem services.
(a)Narrowly utilitarian(b)Broadly utilitarian( c)ethical
3. Conserving biodiversity for the Philosophically or spiritually need to realize that every specieshas
an intrinsic value and a moral duty to pass our biological legacy in good order to future
generation.
(a) Narrowly utilitarian (b) Broadly utilitarian
( c)ethical
1.The process of exploring molecular genetics and species level diversity for products of
economic importance is known as____________
2. ______________ forest is estimated to produce, through photosynthesis, 20 per cent of
thetotal oxygen in the earths atmosphere.
3. The total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world is _________.
4. In India, ecologically unique and biodiversity rich regions are legally protected as
_______________,________________ and sanctuaries.
5. The historic Convention on Biological Biodiversity called ________________ was held in Rio
deJanerio in 1992.
4
Give on word answer:
1.
Providing food, medicine, timber, oxygen, helping in pollination giving aesthetic pleasure are
some ______________ services.
2. The desired approach to save an endangered or threatened animal or plant in natural habitat
is________type conservation.
3. All biodiversity hot spots put together cover less than ____percent of the earths land area .
4. Tissue culture, seed banks are some advanced _________ conservation techniques.
5. ___________Summit on Sustainable development held in 2002 Johannesburg,South Africa is
committed to reduce the loss of biodiversity at global ,regional and national levels.
Write True and False
1. The World Summit was followed by Earth Summit.
2. There are 25 hotspots in the world.
3. Zoological parks, Botanical garden are some ex-situ conservation measures.
4.It is our moral duty to conserve our biodiversity and pass on our biological legacy in good order
to future generation.
5.Western Ghats ,Sri Lanka ,Indo Burma and Himalaya cover our country.
ANSWERS
1

A.(a)-(v) ,(b)- (iii),(c)-(i) ,(d)-(ii) ,(e) (iv)
Choose the correct answer:

1. (a)Narrowly utilitarian
2 (b)Broadly utilitarian
3. ( c)ethical
Fill in the blanks:
1. Bioprospecting 2.
Amazon
3. 34.
4. Biosphere reserve, national park 5.
The Earth Summit.
Give on word answer:
1.ecosystem
2.in-situ
3.2
4.ex-situ
5.World
Write True
and F
1.False
2. False
3.True
4. True
5. True
alse
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
15-B
No. 15
Loss of Biodiversity
Silchar Region
Fill in the blank
(i)
--------------------------is known as the Lungs of the planet.
(ii)
Large mammals needing large territories are badly affected by ---------------.
(iii)
According to IUCN Red List (2004) ------------------species were extinct.
(iv)
-----------------species are facing treat of extinction worldwide.
(v)
Indigenous catfishes in India are threatened due to introduction of ----------------.
Match the following
(a) Less solar energy
i) Environmental damage and treat to native
species
(b) Overexploitation by humans
ii) Decline in plant production
(c) Introduction of Nile Perch in Lake Victoria iii) Extinction of more than 2000 species of
native birds.
(d) Colonization of Tropical Pacific Islands
iv) Extinction of Cichlid fish
(e) Introduction of water hyacinth in India
v) Extinction of Passenger pigeon
Choose the correct answer
1. Present rate of Sixth Extinction which is in progress now is
a) 100 to 1000 times b) 50 to 100 times c) 100 to 1000 times d) 1 to 10 times
2. Percentage of gymnosperm species which are in the threat of extinction is
a) 50 b) 29 c) 31 d) 23
3. In the last twenty years , the number of species extinct are
a) 56 b) 27 c) 43 d) 87
4. Extinction of Stellars sea cow is due to
a) Alien species invasions b) co extinction c) Over exploitation d) habitat loss
Write true or false

1. Loss of biodiversity lowered resistance to environmental perturbations like drought. 2.
Increased variability in pest and disease cycles is due to conservation of biodiversity
3. Human activities are the main causes of present Sixth extinction.
4. 12 per cent of all amphibian species in the world are facing treat of extinction.
5. When a host fish species become extinct, its associated parasite also become extinct.
Answer in one word or one sentence

1. The percentage of mammal species which are facing the threat of extinction.
2. The term used when a species becomes extinct, the plant or the animals associated with it
in an obligatory way also become extinct.
3. When are migratory birds requiring large territories are badly affected leading to their
decline in population?
4. If the present trend of extinction continues, how many species will get extinct within the
next 100 years?
5. The number of extinct vertebrates listed in IUCN Red list (2004).
ANSWERS
1 Amazon Rain forest; Habitat fragmentation; 784; 15,500 ; African catfish( Clarias gariepinus) 2
a-ii; b- v; c- iv; d-iii; c-i
3
1.
a 2. C 3. b 4. c
4
1.
False 2. False 3. True 4. False 5. True
5
1.
23 2. Co-extinction 3. Habitat fragmentation 4. Half of all the species 5. 338
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
16-A
No. 16
Air pollution and its control
Region silchar
1
Full form of CPCB?
2
Name the metals used as catalytic converters in automobiles?
3
Which type of fuel should be used in vehicles equipped with catalytic converters?
4
According to CPCB,particulate size _______________ or less in diameter are responsible for
causing the greatest harm to human health.
5
Catalytic convertor ,convert unburnt hydrocarbons into__
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Carbon mono oxide
c) Sulpur dioxide
d) hydrogen
ANSWERS
1
Central pollution control board.
Platinum-palladium and rhodium
Unlead petrol
2.5 micrometers
Carbon di oxide
Work Sheet: 16B

1
2
Chapter
No. 16
Topic:
air pollution and its
control
Which part of the atmosphere contains ozone layer?
What is CFCs?
Prepared by:
Silchar Region
4
5
How thickness of the the ozone in a column of air is measured?

a) DU
b) Kg
c) Litre
d) kilocalorie
Which radiation is responsible for the snow-blindness?
Name the radiation responsible for the formation of ozone?
ANSWERS
1
stratosphere
2
chlorofluorocarbons
3
DU(Dobson units)
4
UV-B radiation
5
Uv radiation
Work Sheet:
Chapter
16-B
No. 16
1
Full form of :1)CPCB
2)JFM
3)CFCs
4)DU
5) FOAM
Topic:
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Prepared by:
Region silchar
Choose the correct answer:The metals used as a catalytic converters in automobiles is1)
platinum-palladium and rhodium
2) platinum-cadmium
3) cadmium uranium
4) platinum-rhodium
2) Catalytic convertor ,convert unburnt hydrocarbons into__
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Carbon mono oxide
c) Sulpur dioxide
5) hydrogen
Which type of fuel should be used in vehicles equipped with catalytic converters?answer in one
word.
4
1) According to CPCB,particulate size _______________ or less in diameter are responsible
for causing the greatest harm to human health.
2) The blends of polybend and ------------------------, when used to lay roads,enchanced water
repellant properties.
3) ------------------------ and --------------------- commonly kmown as green house gases.

4) Water hyacinth is also knowm as -------------------.
5) A ------------------- can remove gases like sulphur dioxide,when exhaust is passed through a
spray of water or lime.
5
2
3
4
Match the following:Column A

1) CNG buses in Delhi
2) Air (prevention and control of pollution) act
3) Environment ( protection) act
4) Montreal protocol
5) Chipko movement
column B
1) 1981
2) 1974
3) 1989
4) 2002
5) 1986
ANSWERS
1. Central pollution control board.

2. Joint forest management.
3. Dobson unit.
4. Chloro fluorocarbons5. Friends Of the Arcata Marsh.
1)
Platinum-palladium and rhodium
2) Carbon dioxide
Unlead petrol
1)
2.5 micrometers
2) Bitumen
3) Carbon dioxide and methane
4) Terror of Bengal
5) scrubber
1---2002, 21981, 31986, 41989, 51974.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
16-C
No.16
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
SILCHAR Region
1
Choose the correct answer:Which part of the atmosphere contain ozone layer1)
Stratosphere
2) Troposphere
3) Exosphere
4) Ionosphere
2) Thickness of the the ozone in a column of air is measured?
a) DU
b) armstrong
c) micrometre
d) kilocalorie

1)DDT
2) BOD
3)algal bloom
4)CNG
5) electrostatic precipitator
column B
a) eutrophication
b) level of water pollution
c) removing particulate matter
d) biomagnification
e) efficient fuel
3
Fill in the blanks1) formation of a large area of thinned ozone layer,commonly called as the ---------------.
2) ---------------------------- can remove over 99% particulate matter present in the exhaust from
a thermal power plant.
3) Euro II norms stipulates that --------------- be controlled at 350 ppm in ------------- and 150
ppm in-----------------------.
Name the radiation responsible for1)

Snow blindness
2) Formation of ozone
Name the worlds most problematic

aquatic weed.
ANSWERS
1
1) Stratosphere
2)
DU(Dobson
units) 2 1---d, 2b, 3---a, 4---e,
5c.
3
1)
Ozone hole
2) Electrostatic precipitator
3) Sulphur,diesel and petrol
4
1)
UV-B radiation 2) Uv radiation
5
Eichhornia crassipes
ZIET
Bhubaneswar43 WORK
SHEETS / Slow Learner
ZIET Bhubaneswar 2013-141Work Sheet- Bright Learners
Work Sheet: Bright
Learners
Each Work sheet will be of 2 Pages. You are requested to prepare at least 2 work sheets for each chapter. The
content will be limited to any specific topic within the chapter which you think important. No mark or Grade will
be given. Only 5 Questions per Work sheet will be prepared. Leave Space for students work.
Type of Questions: MCQ/ Answer in a word or a sentence/ cross word puzzle/ fill in the blanks/match the following
/ one word substitution (terminology)/ Diagram labeling/True or false /or any other type decided by the teacher.
QUESTIONS MAY BE BEYOND NCERT TEXT LEVEL.
Work Sheet: 1A
Chapter
No. 1
Topic:
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Is vegetative reproduction a type of asexual reproduction ? How can you say so?
Answer the following in one word:

a) An unicellular organism which reproduce by budding.
b)Special hyphae on which spore formation takes place in Penicillium.
c) A multicellular organism which reproduce by budding.
Water hyacinth is one of the most invasive weeds found growing wherever there is standing water. How
do they grow in water so rapidly?
Are the offsprings derived by asexual reproduction genetically same? How can you say?
State whether true or false:
a)Amoeba undergoes multiple fission under unfavourable conditions.
b)Conidia produced by Penicillium is motile.
c)There is no meiosis in fungus.
3
4
5
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
Yes. Since the formation of the new individual does not involve two parents,the process involved is
asexual
a) Yeast; b) Conidiophore; c) Hydra.
They reproduce asexually by their vegetative propagules called offset.
Yes.Since the offspring is a clone,so the offspring are the exact copy of their parent. 5
a)true
b)false c)false.
Work Sheet: 1B
1
2
3
Chapter
No. 1
Topic:
Sexual reproduction
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
The chromosome no. in the gamete of cat is 19. What will be the no. of chromosomes in their meiocyte?
Name the type of gametes that are formed in staminate and pistilate flowers.
Both frog and snake are unisexual animals.How do they differ in their type of gametic fusion? 4
Study the following diagram and answer the following question
a)Name the male and female reproductive structures of Chara.

b)Is Chara, an algae, homothallic or heterothallic? Why?
Fill in the blanks:
a)The ploidy of a cell formed after syngamy is_________ and an endosperm formed after triple
fusion in a dicot is_______.
b)The sex organs of a dioecious Marchantia are borne in_____________thallus.
c)The turkey usually produces females for many generations ;such a phenomenon is
called________.
ANSWERS
1
2
3
38
Heterogametes
In frogs,gametic fusion take place in external medium(external fertilisation); In
snakes, fertilisation occurs inside the body of the organism (internal
fertilisation).
a)Male Antheridium; Female- Archegonium.
b)Homothallic. Because male and female reproductive organs are found in the
same individual organism.
a)2n(diploid);3n(triploid)
b)same
c)parthenogenesis.
Work
Sheet
: 2-A
Chapte
r No.
2
Topic:
Flowe
r
State the difference between actinomorphic flower and zygomorphic flower?
Prepare
d
by:
Tinsukia
Region
What is a sessile flower? Give 2 examples.
3
4
What is hypanthium?
Name the branch of biology which deals with flowers and flowering plants.
What is the receptive part of the carpel?
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
When a flower can be divided into two equal radial halves in any radial
passing through
the
plane centre, it is said to be actinomorphic, e.g., mustard, datura, chilli.
be divided into
When it ca similar halves only in one particular vertical plane, it is
n two gulmohur,
zygomorphic, e.g., pea Cassia.
, bean,
Sessile flowers are without a supporting stalk where as pedicellate flowers are supported by a stalk.
In some flowers, the stamens, petals, and sepals are fused into a "floral tube" or hypanthium.
Floriculture
Stigma
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
2-B
No. 2
Stamen
Tinsukia Region
How does a
monothecous
anther differ
from dithecous
anther?
What is difference between syngenesious and synandrous stamens?
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
What are sterile stamens called as?

What is pollinia?
What is the difference between Didynamous and Tetradynamous stamens?
ANSWERS
When the anthers are two chambered, they are named as Dithecous and if they are single
chambered, they are termed as Monothecous
Syngenesious filaments are free but anthers are fused e.g. sunflower Synandrous stamens are
fused throughout the length e.g., cocks-comb.
Staminodes
In some plants, notably members of Orchidaceae and Asclepiadoideae, the pollen remains in
masses called pollinia
Didynamous: occurring in two pairs of different length.
Tetradynamous: occurring as a set of six filaments with two shorter ones.
Work Sheet: 2Chapter No.
Topic:
Prepared by:
C
2
Tinsukia
Region
Microsporogenesis
Name the 4 wall layers of microsporangium.
Name the group of compactly arranged homogenous cells seen in the centre of microsporangium
of young anthers
What is the study of pollen grains called as?
Name the common disease caused due to pollen allergy.
What are palynivores?
Name the chemical composition of inner wall (intine) of Pollen grains

Generative cell in the pollen has two nuclei with different functions. Justify.
ANSWERS
Outside to inside. Epidermis, Endothecium, Middle layers and Tapetum
2
3
Sporogenous tissue
Palynology.
Hayfever.
Many insects and some mites are specialized to feed on pollen, and are called palynivores.
4
Composed of Cellulose and Pectin
5
Generative e roductive) cell
aining two nuclei: a tube
us (that produces the
cont
nucle
(rep tube) and
pollen m cells).
rative nucleus t divides to form the two
a gen
(tha
sper
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
2D
No. 2
Pistil
Tinsukia Region
1
With reference to Gynoecium in a flower, what is staminate?
2
State a difference between Apocarpous and Syncarpous ovary
3
4
Are Carpel and Pistil synonymous? If no justify

What is placentation?
Identify the types of placentations
A
5
1
2
3
What is the cavity of ovary called?
ANSWERS
Flowers that bear a gynoecium but no androecium are called carpellate. Flowers lacking a gynoecium
are called staminate.
If a gynoecium has multiple, distinct (free, unfused) carpels, it is apocarpous. If a gynoecium has
multiple carpels fused into a single structure, it is syncarpous
Each pistil is constructed of from one to many enrolled leaflike structures, or carpels.
The carpel is a single megasporophyll, or modified seed-bearing leaf.
A pistil then may be composed of one carpel (simple pistil), as in the sweet pea, or of two or more
carpels (compound pistil) partially or completely joined, as in the mustard (two carpels) or lily
(three carpels). Pistils in the collective sense form the gynoecium.
If the ovary is divided, with the ovules born on a line of placentation at the inner angle of each
locule, this is axile placentation.
An ovary with free central placentation, on the other hand, consists of a single compartment
without septae and the ovules are attached to a central column.
Locule
Work
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared by:
Sheet:
No. 2
Tinsukia
2E
Region
What does the word Ovule derived from latin word Ovulum mean?
Ovule
1
2
Identify the types of ovules given above.
Give the ploidy of

a.Nucellus
b.MMC (Megaspore Mother Cell)
c.Functional megaspore
d.Female gametophyte
In angiosperms, the female gametophyte develops from the megaspore. Typically, the mature
female gametophyte consists of how many cells and how many nuclei? Name this type too.
If the Pollen tube enters through integuments or funiculus then what is this process called?
How does it differ from Porogamy?
ANSWERS
1
2
3
The ovule is derived from Latin word ovulum meaning small egg
Anatropous, Orthotropous, Hemitropous,Camylotrophous, Amphitrophous
Nucellus Diploid (2n)
MMC (Megaspore Mother Cell) Diploid (2n)
Functional megaspore Haploid (n)
Female gametophyte Haploid (n)
7 celled -8 nucleate embryo sac (mature female gametophyte), Polygonum type of embryo sac 5
Entry of pollentube into the ovule: The pollen tube enters the ovule in 3 ways.
1. Porogamy -Pollen tube enters through micropyle. Eg: Ottelia.
2. Chalazogamy Pollen tube enters through chalaza. This was discovered by
Treub. Eg.Casuarinas
3. Mesogamy Pollen tube enters through integuments or funiculus. Eg-cucurbita.
Work
Sheet: 2F
Chapter
No. 2
Topic:
Pollination
What is the name given to the pollination by humans?
Brief the terms "pollinator" and "pollenizer".
Give examples of 2 bat pollinated plants.
4
5
What is co-evolution?
Snails pollinate flowers. Name the type of pollination.
Prepared
by:
Tinsukia Region
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
Anthropophily pollination by humans

The terms "pollinator" and "pollenizer" are often confused: a pollinator is the agent that moves the
pollen, whether it be bees, flies, bats, moths, or birds; a pollenizer is the plant that serves as the pollen
source for other plants.
Sausage tree(Kiglia pinnata), Musa,Cactus
The term coevolution is used to describe cases where two (or more) species reciprocally affect each
others evolution.
Eg- Orchid plant Ophrys apifera pollination by the solitary bee Eucera occurs in the Mediterranean
area
Malacophilly.
Work Sheet:
2G
Chapter
No. 2
Topic:
Outbreeding devices / Pollen Pistil

Interaction / Artificial Hybridisation
Differentiate between Herkogamy and heterostyly?
How does protandry differ from protogyny?
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
What is Pollen-pistil interaction?
Which structure present at the micropylar part of the synergids guides the entry of pollen tube?
Why is bagging done in the process of artificial hybridization?

What is heterosis or hybrid vigour? Who coined this term?
3
4
5
ANSWERS
Herkogamy: arrangement of male and female flowers at different heights to prevent self pollination is
called Herkogamy.
Heterostyly: presence of styles in different lengths in the flowers of the same species is called
Heterostyly.
This is a phenomenon which takes place in a bisexual / monoecious / hermaphrodite organisms (plant
/ animal) to avoid self-fertilisation / autogamy .In this phenomenon either male or female
reproductive organ develope earlier then the other .When its the female reproductive organ that
develope first the condition is protogyny whenever its the male reproductive organ which develope
first then it is said to be protandry.
All these eventsfrom pollen deposition on the stigma until pollen tubes enter the ovuleare together
referred to as pollen-pistil interaction.
Filiform apparatus
Emasculated flowers have to be covered with a bag of suitable size, generally made up of butter
paper, to prevent contamination of its stigma with unwanted pollen.
Heterosis, hybrid vigor, or outbreeding enhancement, is the improved or increased function of any
biological quality in a hybrid offspring.
G.H. Shull
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
2-I
No. 2
Tinsukia
Region
Double
Fertilisation
1
Name the scientists who discovered

a) Triple fusion
b) Double fertilisation
Label A, B and C of the developing Dicot embryo

3
4
5
Above is the diagram of dicot and monocot seed. Label

Give the ploidy of endosperm? How many types of endosperms are noted in flowering plants?
ANSWERS
1
a)Nawaschin
b)Strassburger
Triploid
3 types- Cellular, Nuclear and Helobial 5
Work Sheet:
2J
Chapter
No. 2
Topic:
Seed
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
1
2
What is perisperm? Give 2 examples.

What do epigeal and hypogeal germination mean?
3
4
What is dormancy?
Give two examples of fruits with fleshy pericarp.
Name the structure which develops into a fruit in these false fruits?
ANSWERS
1
2
The persistent nucellus is called the perisperm Black pepper and Beet
The bean shows epigeous germination, in which the cotyledons emerge from the soil, following the
arch of the hypocotyl.
The pea shows hypogeous germination, in which the cotyledons stay underground because it is the
epicotyl that arches out, protecting the delicate meristem--leaving the cotyledons behind.
A dormant seed is one that is unable to germinate in a specified period of time under a combination
of environmental factors that are normally suitable for the germination of the nondormant seed.
In fleshy fruits, the outer and often edible layer is the pericarp, which is the tissue that develops
from the ovary wall of the flower and surrounds the seeds. Some edible "vegetables" such as the
cucumber, squash, and tomatoes are actually botanical fruits.
5
Thalamus
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
2K
No. 2
Tinsukia Region
Parthenocarpy/Apomixis/Polyembryony
1
Who discovered Polyembryony in plants?
Who coined the term Apomixis?
Parthenocarpy is sometimes claimed to be the equivalent of parthenogenesis in animals. Is it true?
by:
1
2
3
Observe the above pictures.Do they have seeds? Give the term used to describe such fruits and define it.
In the case of polyembryony, an embryo develops from the synergid and another from the nucellus.
Which is diploid and which is haploid?
ANSWERS
The polyembryony phenomenon was discovered by Leeuwenhoek in 1719, who observed the formation
of two plantlets from the same citrus seed
The term Apomixis was by Hans Winkler
Parthenocarpy is sometimes claimed to be the equivalent of parthenogenesis in animals. That is
incorrect because parthenogenesis is a method of asexual reproduction, and parthenocarpy is not,
except in rare cases such as pineapple. The plant equivalent of parthenogenesis is apomixis.
Parthenocarpic fruits.
In botany and horticulture, parthenocarpy (literally meaning virgin fruit) is the natural or artificially
induced production of fruit without fertilization of ovules. The fruit is therefore seedless
Synergid embryo is haploid and nucellar embryo is diploid
Work Sheet:
Chapter No. 3
Topic: Male and female
Prepared by: V Kumar
3-A
Reproductive System
Region Tinsukia
1
Choose the write anweri) Which cells of testes secrete androgens?
a) sertoli cells b) leydig cells c) mast cells
d) spermatogonia
ii) Which is the site of fertilization in human being?
a) uterus
b) vagina
c) ampulla isthmus junction d) cervix
2
# The path of sperm transport is given below. Provide the missing steps in blank boxes.
Fill the gaps

i)Seminal plasma constitute ___________,__________ and enzymes.
ii) Lower narrower part of uterus is called____________.
#Match the followings
a) Spermatogonia i) bulbourethral gland
b) Cells that nourish the developing sperm
ii) vasa efferentia
c) Lubrication of penis
iii) male germ cells
d) Rete testes opens into
iv) sertoli cells
Give correct term for the followingsi) The layer of uterine wall which undergoes cyclic changes during menstrual cycle.Sii) The cushion-like
fatty tissue with pubic hair in female reproductive system.
Give answer in one wordi)Why testes do lies outside the body? ii) Where is
fimbrae found and what role does it play?
ANSWERS
1 i)b) leydig cells
ii) c) ampulla isthmus junction 2 Vasa efferentia, Vasa
differentia.
3
i)Fructose
ii) Ca.
Cervix.
4
a)iii b)iv c)i d)ii
5
i)Endometrium
ii) Mons pubis.
0
6
i)To obtain 2-3 less temperature than normal body temperature which facilitate sperm formation. ii) It
is finger-like structure found in fallopian tube, it is helpful to collect ova.
Work Sheet:
3-B
1
Chapter No. 3
Topic: Gametogenesis
and
Menstrual cycle
Prepared by: : V Kumar
Region Tinsukia
Give answer for the followings
i) How can you differentiate between secondary and tertiary follicles formed during oogenesis?
ii) Midd3e piece is a part of sperm, What role does it play?
# What does A to F represent in Oogenesis process?
Oogonia
B
C
D
E
F
3
2
3
4
Fill the gaps

i) In the mid of menstrual cycle the level of LH reach to its peak that is called____________.
ii) Empty Graafian follicle turned into ___________, and act as an endocrine gland.
Write true or false--i) Oogenesis starts from embryonic period of a female child.
True/Falseii) Antrum is
the fluidy filled cavity found in sperm. True/False
iii)Polar body contains 23 chromosomes.
True/False
iv) Menopause is the onset of puberty.
True/False
Give correct term for the followingsi) Give term for conversion of spermatid into sperm.ii) The membrane by which secondary oocyte
surrounded during development of ova.
ANSWERS
i) Secondary follicle Surrounded by few granulose cell layers. Without having antrum.
Tertiary follicle - Surrounded by many granulose cell layers divided as theca externa and
theca interna, Having with antrum.
ii) Provides energy to tail for movement of sperm.
AMitosis B- Primary oocyte C-Meiosis-I D-Sec oocyte E-Meiosis-II FOva/ootid
i)LH Surge
ii) Corpus luteum.
i)True ii) false
iii) True
iv) false. 5
i)Spermeiogenesis
ii) Zona pellucida.
Work Sheet:
3C
Chapter
No. 3
Topic:
Fertilization and Implantation
Prepared by:
Region Tinsukia
Give answer for the followings

i) In which state zygote get implanted in human female?
ii) How is cleavage different from mitosis?
2
Choose the right answer# Blastula is the cavity found in--a)
Morula
b) zygote
c) blastocyst d) gastrula 3
Give correct term for the followings# Blastomeres of developing embryo arranged into a outer cell layer and a group of cells in a pole,
give term for both.
4
Fill the gaps
# In human beings ovulation takes place in the form of ______________.
5
Write true or false--i) Zygote implanted in fallopian tube of human female.
True/False
ii) Progestogen is necessary for implantation.
True/False
1
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
i) Blastocyst/Blastula ii) In cleavage the size of dividing cells gradually decrease but does not in mitosis.
c) blastocyste
Trophoblast and Inner cell mass.
Secondary oocyte.
i) False
ii) True.
Work Sheet:
3D
1
Chapter
No. 3
Topic:
Embryonic development and Parturition
Fill the gaps

i)The structure which provides vascular connection between fetus and uterus is
called _____________ ii) In the later phase of pregnancy a hormone -----------------is secreted from ovary.
Give term for the statementsi)
An intimate connection between mother and foetus.
ii)The cells of inner cell mass capable to develop whole embryo.
Give answer for the followingsi)Enlist the hormone secreted only during pregnancy in human female.
ii)Why does initial days milk recommended by doctor? Give term for this.
Write true or false--i)Relaxin triggers the contraction during parturition.
ii) Heart beat of foetus can be listen at the end of first month of gestation period.
Choose the right answeri)Which hormone is not secreted by placentaa)estrogen
b)hPL
c)hCG
d)relaxin
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
True/False
True/False
ANSWERS
1
2
i)Umblical cord
i)Placenta
ii)relaxin
iii)Stem cells
i)hCG and hPL

ii)Because it is having with specific antibodies which enhance the immunity of the baby. Colostrum.
4
i)False
ii)True
5
i) d)relaxin
Work Sheet: 4Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
A
No. 4
Guwahati
Region
Contraceptive
Devices
1
Short answer questions---(a)What is the causes of implantation bleeding.

(b)Define lactation amenorrhea.
Expand the terms---a) CDRI __________________________________

b) MMR__________________________________
c) IUD___________________________________
d) ICSI.__________________________________
3
Give the characters of " Ideal Contraceptives".

1) Cutting and tying of vas diferens a.
2) Removal of testis b.
Vasectomy
3) Cutting and tying of oviduct
c.
Column B
Tubectomy
Castration
Which part of this diagram is surgically blocked and why?
Work
Chapter
Topic:
Sheet:
No. 4
Infertility
4-B
1 Pick the correct answer:
1) At what cell stage an embryo is implanted in ZIFT..
(a) 8 (b) 16 ( C) 32 (d) 48
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
2) During GIFT Which of the following is transferred in female..

(a) Embryo ( b ) zygote ( c) ovum ( d ) sperm
2 Fill in the blanks

1) The introduction of sperm in to vagina is known as 2.
The unability to produce children is called..
3. In vitro fertilization followed by embryo transfer in to the female genital tract is known
as..programme.
3 True and false.

A. Artificial insemination occur in male with high sperm count.
B. Transfer of zygote in to fallopian tube is called GIFT.
4 Why is the name test tube baby a misnomer?
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5 Identify the technique showed by the following diagram / Photograph
_______________________________________________
Work Sheet: 6-A
Chapter No. 6
Topic: Molecular Basis of

Inheritance
Why are histone positively charged ?
2
3
Regulation of lac operon by repressor is referred to as negative.

Differentiate between template strand and coding strand.
Prepared by: Kolkata Region
A cistron consist 20 codons . How many amino acids will it code in the polypeptide transcribed?
If a double stranded DNA has 20 percent cytosine, calculate the percent of adenine in DNA.
1
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
For wrapping of negatively charged DNA, histone protein is also rich in lysine and arginine carrying
positive charge in its chain.
The gene that codes for the repressor protein that binds to operator and suppresses its activity, as a
result transcription will be switched off.
a)Template strand show 3-5 polarity and coding shows 5-3 polarity b) template strand takes part in
transcription and coding strand does not.
19 amino acid, because last codon on mRNA will be a terminating codon.
Accoding Chargaffs rule=A+T=100-(G+C) C=20/hence G=20/ A+T=100-20=60 hence A=60/2=30/
Work Sheet: 6B
Chapter
No. 6
Topic:
Molecular basis of Inheritance
What is hnRNA ?
Write about intron?
Differentiate between genetic code and codon.
What are UTRs?
Distinguish between VNTR and Probe.
1
2
3
4
5
Prepared
by:
Kolkata Region
ANSWERS
The precursore RNA transcribed by RNA polymerase that contain both exons and introns.
The non-coding sequences in eukaryotic structural gene are called introns.
Genetic code is the sequence of base triplet in DNA molecule which determined a polyptides where as
triplet base on mRNA that code for a partcular amino acid is called codon.
mRNA has some additional sequences that are not translated are called UTRs. UTRs are present at
both end.
VNTR;- The segment of DNA which shows very high repetitive nucleotide sequences vary from person
to person, called VNTR.
PROBEsmall segment of DNA which are very specific complimentary to VNTR sequences are
called probe.
Work Sheet: 8A
1
Chapter
No. 8
Which species of malarial

par
Topic:
Life cycle of Plasmodium
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
site cause malignant malaria?

a
Name the toxic substance released by the repture of RBCs which is responsible for the symptoms of
malaria.
Who discovered malarial parasite ?
Name the plant from which quinine is prepared.
How larvae of mosquito can be controlled through biological means?
Work Sheet: 8B
Chapter
No. 8
Topic:
Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
What do you mean by window period in HIV Infections .
Why mosquito bite is unable to spread the infection of HIV ?
Why the HIV vaccine has not yet been prepared ?
4
5
Which is the most common reason of HIV infection .

Write some commonly used medicines for HIV Infected person prescribed by qualified doctors.
Work Sheet:
9A
1
Chapter
No. 09
Q1.Define biofortification.
Topic
Plant breeding
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Q2.Expand IRRI ,from where the IR-8 a rice variety was developed.
Q3.How is Single cell protein useful to us?
Q4.What do you mean by somatic hybridisation?
Q5.Name the two hybrid plants of Okra(Bhindi) ?
1
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
Breeding crops with higher levels of vitamins,minerals protein and fats to improve public health.
International Rice Research Institute.
Alternate source of protein for animal and human nutrition.
The production of new plants by the fusion of protoplasts of two different plats having a desirable
characters.
Pusa sawani and Pusa A-4.
i)Breed ii)inbreeding depression

iii)Apiculture iv)green revolution v)hone
1
2
3
4
5
The immune system of a person is suppressed. In the ELISA test, he was found positive to a
pathogen. Which cells of the body are affected by the pathogen?
What would happen to immune system, if thymus gland is removed from the body of a person?
If a regular dose of drugs or alcohol is not provided to an addicted person, he shows some
withdrawl symptoms. List any four such withdrawal symptoms.
In the metropolitan cities of India, many children are suffering from allergy/asthma. What are the
main causes of this problem. Give some symptoms of allergic reactions.
Life style diseases are increasing alarmingly in India. We are also dealing with large scale
malnutrition in the population. Is there any method by which we can address both these
problems?
ANSWERS
1
2
Helper T lymphocytes
Thymus is the primary lymphoid organ. In thymus gland, immature lymphocytes differentiate into
antigen-sensitive lymphocytes. If thymus gland is removed from the body of a person, his immune
system becomes weak. As a result the person's body becomes prone to infectious diseases.
3
The withdrawal symptoms are:
a. Anxiety
b. Shakiness
c. Nausea
d. Sweating
4
Allergy is the exaggerated response of the immune system of certain antigens present in the
environment. In metropolitan cities life style is responsible in lowering of immunity and sensitivity to
allergens. More polluted environment increases the chances of allergy in children. Some symptoms of
allergic reactions are sneezing, watery eyes, running nose and difficulty in breathing.
5
The answer to address both these problems is called biofortification. This area looks at improving food
quality with respect to protein, oil, vitamin, micro nutrient and mineral content. The oils need to be rich
in omega 3 fatty acids which are good for heart. Similarly, proteins should have more of lysine and
tryptophan (essential amino acids). Many varieties of maize, carrots and spinach have been released
which fulfill the above criteria.
Work Sheet: 10Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
B
No. 10
SILCHAR Region
BIOLOGY IN HUMAN
WELFARE
1
Do you think we, human beings, are able to digest the cellulose present in our foods? Why or why
not ?
Baculoviruses are the pathogens that attack on plants and also are used for biocontrol. How both
antagonistic functions are performed ?
Three water samples namely river water, untreated sewage water and secondary effluent discharged
from a sewage treatment plant were subjected to BOD test. The samples were labelled A, B and C;
but the laboratory attendant did not note which was which. The BOD values of the three samples A,
B and C were recorded as 20mg/L, 8mg/L and 400mg/L, respectively. Which sample of the water is
most polluted? Can you assign the correct label to each assuming the river water is relatively clean?
The Ministry of Environment and Forests has initiated Ganga Action Plan and Yamuna Action Plan to
save these major rivers. How was the target fulfilled ?
1
2
3
4
5
What are the negative impacts of biological control ?
ANSWERS
We lack cellulase enzyme for digestion due to nonfunctioning of appendix.
Baculovirus like Nucleopolyhedral virus are- species specific, narrow spectrum, effective only
against insects and arthropods.
Most polluted water : 400 mg/L of secondary effluent (c). A (River water) : 08 mg/L; b (Untreated
sewage water) : 20 mg/L.
Decreasing pollution, Sewage treatment and utilization of treated water.
May develop resistant insect varieties, may be lethal / harmful for human
beings.
Work Sheet: 11-A
Chapter No. 11
Topic: :
Restriction Enzymes
1
Which Enzyme Produces sticky Ends in DNA for Foreign DNA Insertion?
Name the enzyme that joins the sticky ends to form recombinant DNA.
5' G AATTC 3' 3' CTTAA G 5'

Name the Enzyme that cuts at the points marked in arrows.
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar
Region
4
a)Ti Plasmid
b)Biolistics or gene gun
c)Insertional inactivation
d)Chitinase
5
i)Removes wall of Fungus.

ii)Beta galactosidase gene
iii)insertion of recombinant DNA in Plant cell
iv)Agarobacterium tumifaciens.
Ori sequence is responsible for controlling the copy number of the linked DNA.True/False
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
Restriction Endonuclease
DNA Ligase
EcoRI
a)Ti Plasmid
b)Biolistics or gene gun
c)Insertional inactivation
d)Chitinase
iv)Agarobacterium tumifaciens
iii)insertion of recombinant DNA in Plant cell
ii)Beta galactosidase gene
i)Removes wall of Fungus.
True
Work Sheet:
11-B
Chapter
No. 11
Topic:
Cloning Vectors
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Name two selectable markers used in cloning vector.
Extention /Denaturation/annealing ,arrange the steps of PCR in proper order according to their
occurance.
Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA.True/False
Chomogenic substance produces blue colour by the action of beta galactosidase in non
recombinant colony.True/False
Match the followings:For the removal of cell wall

a)Lysozyme
i)Plant cells
b)Cellulase
ii)Fungus
c)Chitinase
iii)Bacteria
Amp-r & tet-r
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
Denaturation/annealing/ Extention
True
True
a)Lysozyme
iii)Bacteria
b)Cellulase
i)Plant cells
c)Chitinase
ii)Fungus
Work Sheet: 12A
Chapter No.1 2
Topic: Biotechnological
Applications in
Agriculture& Medicine
Prepared by:Bhubaneswar
Region
1
Name the Nematode that Infects Roots of Tobacco plant.
a) Meloidegyne incognitia
b) Agarobacterium tumifaciens
c) Bacillus thuringiensis
d) Non of the above
2
Name the two strands present in the above matured Insulin.

3
Why insulin is not administer orally to diabetic people?
ELISA is used to diagnose___________.HIV/Malaria/Syphillis/Catract.
In which medium Bt protoxin converted into active toxin and kills bollworm larva? a)Alkaline
b)Acidic
c)Neutral
d)None of the above.
6.
Choose the right process for permanent cure of ADA deficiency(SCID).

a)Gene isolate from bone marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic
stage.
b)Bone Marrow transplantation.
c)Enzyme replacement therapy.
d)None of the above
a) Meloidegyne incognitia
1
2
A-Polypeptide strand and B-polypeptide strand

3 It will be digested by protease action in GI
ANSWERS
tract.
4
5
HIV
a)Alkaline
a)Gene isolate from bone marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic stage.
Work Sheet:
12B
1
Chapter
No. 12
Topic:
Transgenic Animal and Ethical

Issues
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar
Region
GEAC stands for.

a)Ground Environment Action Committee
c)Genetic Engineering Appaisal Committeee
d)Genetic and Environment Approval committee
2
The first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced human protein-enriched milk (2.4 grams per litre). The milk
contained the human alpha-lactalbumin and was nutritionally a more balanced product for human babies
than natural cow-milk. True/False.
3
Transgenic___________ are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. Mice/Cat/Tiger/Horse
ANSWERS
1
2
3

True
Mice
Work Sheet: 13A
Chapter
No. 13
Topic:
Population interactions
Prepared
Guwahati Region
1
Fill in the table..
Species A
Species B
+
?
+
?
0
+
0
?
2 Select the correct statement for parasitism ..
Name of interaction
Mutuallism
?
Commensalism
?
Competition
by:
1. Both organisms are benefited 2. One benefited and other is harmed 3. One benefited and other is
neither harmed nor benefited
3 Match the following
A
B
1Lichen
a. Parasitism
2.Koel and Crow
b. Mutualism
3.Lice on human
c. Commensalism
4.Epiphyte on a mango branch
d. Brood parasitism
4
1. Predator in nature is prudent. Justify the statement.
____________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2.How does Monarch butterfly defend their body from predators.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
5 Name the population interactions that you can identify from the diagram.
Work Sheet:
13B
Chapter
No. 13
Topic:
Biotic and Abiotic

factor
Differenciate between the followings

1.Stenothermal and Eurythermal animal
2.Stenohaline and Euryhaline animals
Define the given terms..

!. Immigration
2. Emigration
3. Migration
4. Suspension
Prepared
Guwahati Region
by:
Fill in the blanks.

1.Animal whose body temperature changes with the surrounding are ..
2.Biomass is the measure of size.
3.Population size is technically called population ..
4. Hibernation is the another name of ..sleep.
.
Identify the type of suspension.
True / False
1. Green plants occur in deeper strata in ocean.
2. Organisms maintain constant body temperature by homeostasis.
3. Fresh water animals can also leave in sea water.
4. Water holding capacity does not depend on grain size.
Work
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
Sheet:
No. 14
Guwahati Region
Energy Flow
14-A
1
Define the following terms.
1. PAR
2. Standing crop
3. Food web
4. Ecological pyramid
Identify the type of food chain given below.
How do they help to reduce pollution?
Draw a food web showing energy flow through different trophic levels.
Give the reason.

1. The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted.
2. Tree pyramid for number is different from grass land pyramid.
Fill in the blanks.

1.Primary carnivores are consumers.
2.Unidirectional flow of energy from the sun to producer and then to consumer is the .law of
thermodynamics.
3.Standing crop is measured as the of living organisms.
4. Decomposition is largely an . requiring process.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
14B
No. 14
Guwahati Region
Ecological Succession
Stdu the following diagram and answer the questions below.
a) What ecological process is this?

b) What are its initial and final stages?
c) What are the the terms that you would like to associate with the diagram along with the
meaning.
2
Pick the correct option:

1. The community from after a succession is..(a)
Complex (b ) Climax ( c) Both a and b ( c) Control
2. The species come first in succession is. (a)
Pioneer (b) Secondary ( c) Tertiary (d ) either a or b
3.The succession takeing place on rock is known as..
(a) Hydrach (b) Xerach ( c) Monarch (d ) None of the above
Match the following.

A
1. Lichen
2. Submerged plants
3. Free Floating
4. Rooted plants
5. Land plant
B
1. Inside water
2. On rock
3. Upper layer of water
4. On base of water body
5. On land
4
Fill in the blanks.
1. The gradual and fairly predictable change in the species composition of a given area is
called
2. The sequence takeing place during succession is known as ..
3. Succession is a process thst starts where no . Organisms are found.
4. The species that invade a bare area called species.
5
Give reasons ..
(a) Speed of primary succession is slower than secondary succession.
(b) Environment of community is controlled by climax.
Work Sheet:
15-A
2
3
4
Chapter
No. 15
Topic:
Diversity at all levels of biological

organisation
Prepared by:
Region-Silchar
1.A study of latitudinal gradient of biodiversity of birds is as follows:

India- 8 o North1200 Species
Greenland-71o North-55 Species
By analyzing the above data what does it indicate about the distribution of birds.
1.What favours the genetic variation shown by the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in
different Himalayan ranges ?
1.Why is Ecological diversity seen more in India as compared to Scandinavian country Norway.
1.IUCN(2004) total number of plant animal species discovered so far ----7 million
2.Robert May estimate of global species diversity-----.5 million
3.70 % of all recorded are-----.1 %
4. Among animals the most rich species are----plants (algae, fungi, bryophytes, gymnosperm and
angiosperms).
5.India has only 2.4 % of land area, its share of global species diversity is---- insects
1.Why are biologist not able to give the estimate of Prokaryotes in nature ?
ANSWERS
1
2
3
4
Species diversity decreases from equator towards the poles.

Genetic variation shown due to the potency and concentration of active chemical (reserpine) produced
by the plant.
As India is rich in various ecosystem level with deserts ,rain forest,mangroves,coral
reef,wetlands,estuaries and alpine meadows so greater ecosystem diversity.
1.IUCN(2004) total number of plant animal species described so far---- 1.5million
2.Robert May estimate of global species diversity----- 7 million
3.70 % of all recorded are- ----plants(algae,fungi,bryophytes,gymnospers and angiosperms)
4.Among animals the most rich species are---- insects
5.India has only 2.4 % of land area, its share of global species diversity is---- 8.1 %
Because the the conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for identifying microbial species
.
Work Sheet:
15B
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
Chapter
No. 15
Topic:
Diversity at all levels of biological

organisation
Prepared by: RegionSilchar
A study of latitudinal gradient of biodiversity of birds is as follows:

India- 8 o North1200 Species
Greenland-71o North-55 Species
By analyzing the above data what does it indicate about the distribution of birds.
What favours the genetic variation shown by the medicinal plant Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in
different Himalayan ranges ?
Why is Ecological diversity seen more in India as compared to Scandinavian country Norway.
1.IUCN(2004) total number of plant animal species discovered so far ----7 million
2.Robert May estimate of global species diversity-----.5 million
3.70 % of all recorded are-----.1 %
4. Among animals the most rich species are----plants (algae, fungi, bryophytes, gymnosperm and
angiosperms).
5.India has only 2.4 % of land area, its share of global species diversity is---- insects
Why are biologist not able to give the estimate of Prokaryotes in nature ?
ANSWERS
Species diversity decreases from equator towards the poles.
Genetic variation shown due to the potency and concentration of active chemical (reserpine) produced
by the plant.
As India is rich in various ecosystem level with deserts ,rain forest,mangroves,coral
reef,wetlands,estuaries and alpine meadows so greater ecosystem diversity.
1.IUCN(2004) total number of plant animal species described so far---- 1.5million
2.Robert May estimate of global species diversity----- 7 million

3.70 % of all recorded are- ----plants(algae,fungi,bryophytes,gymnospers and angiosperms)
4.Among animals the most rich species are---- insects
5.India has only 2.4 % of land area, its share of global species diversity is---- 8.1 %
5
Because the the conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for identifying microbial species
.
Work Sheet:
15-C
1
Chapter
No. 15
Topic:
Pattern of Biodiversity
Prepared
by:
Silchar Region
Answer in one word or one sentence

a) Why species diversity is more in India than in Greenland?
b) The scientist has found that the slope of line of regression is found to be more than 0.2. In
which condition this will be possible?
Fill in the blank
a) The shape of graph in species area richness relationship in bats is -------------------.
b) Niche specialization thereby leading to greater species diversity in tropic is due to------------.
c) Frequent glaciations in temperate region leads to less-------------.
d) Species richness is related with-------------- up to a certain limit.
Match the followings
1. Environment in temperate region.
a) Steeper slope of line
2. More solar energy.
b) More constant and more predictable.
3. Tropical latitudes
c) Leads to more species diversity.
4. Constant environment
d) More species diversification.
5. High regression coefficient
e) More biodiversity.
Choose the correct answer
1) The slope of line in species area relationship graph is 1.15
a) Angiosperm plants b) mammals c) birds d) fresh water fishes
b) Scientists have estimated that about two million insects species are yet to be discovered in
a) Greenland b) Equador c) Amazonian Rain forest d) India
c) As we move from 41oN to 71oN, the species diversity
a) Increases b) Decreases c) Remain the same d) Doubled
d) Frequent glaciations leads to
a) Increase species diversification b) High productivity c) Decrease species diversification d)
Niche specialization
The following graph depicts the species-area relationship. Answer the following questions
1)
2)
3)
4)
Give the equation of A and equation of B.

What does steeper slope in curve B represents?
Who studied the species area relationship in South African jungles?
What does Z stands for? In which range does the normal value of Z lies?
ANSWERS
1
Biodiversity decreases from equator to pole; When large areas like whole continent are taken
for analysis.
2
Rectangular hyperbola; More constant and predictable environment; Species diversification;
area 3 1-b; 2-c; 3-e; 4-d; 5- a
4
b; c ; b; c
5
S= CAZ ; log S= log C + Z log A ; Higher regression coefficient; regression coefficient, 0.1 to 0.2
Work Sheet:
Chapter No. 16
Topic: domestic sewage
Prepared by: sieuli baidya
15D
and industrial effluents
Region -silchar
1
Write scientific name of water hyacinth? why it is known as terror of Bengal?
2
Introduction of which nutrient in water bodies result eutrophication?
3
Give reasons why there is a continuous increase in the DDT content in different trophic levels of the
chain?
4
What percentage of global warming is contributed by each of the following?
i)Carbon di oxide
ii)chlorofluorocarbons
iii)nitrous oxide and
iv) methane
5
Ornithologists observed a decline in the bird population I the area near a lake after the setting of an
industrial unit in the same area. explain the cause responsible for the decline observed?
1
2
3
4
5
ANSWERS
Eichhornia crassipes. It results in eutrophication
Nitrogen and phosphorus
This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolized or
excreted,and is thus passed on to the next higher trophical level.
i)60%, ii) 14%, iii)6%, iv) 20%
High concentration of DDT interferes with calcium metabolism in birds and cause thinning of egg shells
and their premature breaking,this eventually leads to a decline in bird population.
Work Sheet: 16A
Chapter
No. 16
Topic:
Domestic sewage and industrial effluents
Prepared by:
Silchar Region
Fill the gap in the above given diagram.

Introduction of which nutrient in water bodies result eutrophication? Choose the correct answer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nitrogen and phosphorus

Calcium and phosphorus
Calcium and nitrogen
Iron and calcium
Give reasons why there is a continuous increase in the DDT content in different trophic levels of the
chain?
What percentage of global warming is contributed by each of the following?

i)Carbon di oxide
ii)chlorofluorocarbons
iii)nitrous oxide and
iv) methane
5
Ornithologists observed a decline in the bird population I the area near a lake after the setting of
an industrial unit in the same area. explain the cause responsible for the decline observed?
ANSWERS
1
2 Nitrogen and phosphorus

3 This happens because a toxic substance accumulated by an organism cannot be metabolized or
excreted,and is thus passed on to the next higher trophical level.
4 i)60%, ii) 14%, iii)6%, iv) 20%

5 High concentration of DDT interferes with calcium metabolism in birds and cause thinning of egg
shells and their premature breaking,this eventually leads to a decline in bird population.
Work Sheet:
Chapter
Topic:
Prepared
by:
16B
No. 16
SILCHAR Region
ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES
1
3
4
5
Match correctly the following and choose the correct option

i. Environment Protection Act
A. 1974
ii. Air Prevention & Control of Pollution Act
B. 1987
iii. W ater Act
C. 1986
iv. Amendment of Air Act to include noise
D. 1981
The correct matches is;
a. i-C, ii-D, iii-A, iv-B
b. i-A, ii-C, iii-B, iv-D
c. i-D, ii-A, iii-B, iv-C
d. I-C, ii-D, iii-B, iv-A
In the textbook you came across Three Mile Island and Chernobyl disasters associated with
accidental leakage of radioactive wastes. In India we had Bhopal gas tragedy. It is associated with
which of the following?
a. CO2
b. Methyl Iso-Cyanate
c. CFCs
d. Methyl Cyanate
Blends of polyblend and bitumen, when used, help to increase road life by a three times. What is the
reason?
Why has the National Forest Commission of India recommended a relatively larger forest cover for
hills than for plains?
Name the Industry which causes air, soil and water pollution.
ANSWERS
1
2
3
A
B
Water resistant; non biodegradable; long lasting 4 Control soil erosion and land sliding 5 Fertilizer
Industry.
KVS- ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR

Performance Monitoring Sheet (to be maintained by the student)
Name
UNIT- VI
Month
Date
UNIT-VII
UNIT-VIII
UNIT-IX
10
11
12
UNIT- IX
13
14
15
April
May
June
July
August
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Note: Enter values in Percentage only after analysing the marks obtained in each test. Write in RED if the value is less than others in the column.
16
Guidelines :
1
The proforma will be used by the individual student. One sheet for one student
After each test, be it a monthly test or Unit Test or HY or Pre Board or any other test conducted, the teacher will corelate the question number with
2
3
the chapters. The Teacher will total the marks alloted from each chapters.
After receiving the evaluated answerscripts, each student will calculate the total marks obtained in different chapters asked in the QP.
4
The student will then calculate the percentage of marks obtained in that chapter (marks obtained /total marks alloted from this chapter)X100 5
The student will enter the mar in % in the cell (box) against the Month and Chapter No. and continue doing throughout the year.
Throughout the year on different occassions (tests) say questions from Chapter 3 may be asked. So every time (in different months) when the
questions from Chapter 3 is asked, the teacher must tell the students / or student will identify the questions which belongs to chapter 3. Then total
6
marks from chapter 3. then how much marks obtained from chapter 3 questions. then the % marks obtained in chapter 3 and finally enter into the
sheet.
7
Use UP arrows and DOWN arrows to indicate increase in mark % on different tests (months) in every column wich indicated whether the mark in
increasing or decreasing in subsequent months.
Chp 3
April 35
July
65
Oct
55
Nov
80
Chp4
No
Test
45
60
80
Advantage:
1
2
3
4
The student will realise his / her performance on different

The student will realise which chapters need more attention
The student will be able to manage time and reduce wasting time
The student will be able to identify his / her chapters in which he / she is strong, or Weak or threatning
Guidelines :
1
The proforma will be used by the individual student. One sheet for one student
After each test, be it a monthly test or Unit Test or HY or Pre Board or any other test
conducted, the teacher will corelate the question number with the chapters. The Teacher
will total the marks alloted from each chapters.
After receiving the evaluated answerscripts, each student will calculate the total marks
3
obtained in different chapters asked in the QP.
The student will then calculate the percentage of marks obtained in that chapter (marks
4
obtained /total marks alloted from this chapter)X100
The student will enter the mar in % in the cell (box) against the Month and Chapter No.
5
and continue doing throughout the year.
Throughout the year on different occassions (tests) say questions from Chapter 3 may be
asked. So every time (in different months) when the questions from Chapter 3 is asked, the
teacher must tell the students / or student will identify the questions which belongs to
chapter 3. Then total marks from chapter 3. then how much marks obtained from chapter 3
questions. then the % marks obtained in chapter 3 and finally enter into the sheet. Use UP
arrows and DOWN arrows to indicate increase in mark % on different tests
(months) in every column wich indicated whether the mark in increasing or decreasing in
subsequent months.
Chp 3
April
July
35
Chp4
No Test
45
65
Oct
55
60
80
80
Nov
Advantage:
1
2
3
4
The student will realise his / her performance on different occassions (tests)
conducted throughout the year for every chapter
The student will realise which chapters need more attention
The student will be able to manage time and reduce wasting time The student will be able
to identify his / her chapters in which he / she is
strong, or Weak or threatning
Value Based Questions

Chapter
No.1
Q
Chapter:
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Reproduction in Organisms
Rajus younger sister has seen a banana tree in backyard of a house. She could see the fruits
but no seeds. She wants to know how a new plant of banana will be produced without seed.
What will you explain to your sister?
Ans.
In banana the vegetative propagation is occurs with the help of rhizome

Values
Awareness
Observation
Ram is a person of age 42 years old living in a village of Assam. His house is surrounded by a
number of bamboo trees but he could not see any flower on them until now. What can be
the explanation of his observation? How does bamboo reproduce?
Ans.
Bamboo flowered once in its life time after 50-100 years. Therefore he could not see any
flower on bamboo trees.
Bamboo reproduce vegetatively by rhizome and sexually once in its life time.
Values
Observation
Knowledge
Chapter
No.2
Q
Chapter:
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Your younger brother becomes confused because mango fruit has only one seed, orange
has many seeds while grapes have no seed at all. He wants to know how a fruit has many;
one or no seed at all. What will be your explanation to your brother?
Ans. Mango has only one ovule (apocarpous ovary) while orange has many ovule (syncarpous ovary
). Values
*Eagerness
*Scientific attitude
Q
There are two person A & B living in the ONGC colony Sivas agar ,they are neighbor and
planted bottle gourd plant in their garden but the plant of person A bears fruits while plant
of Mr. B has no fruit at all. Although the physical condition same for both. What will be your
explanation to them?
Ans.
Bottle gourd is unisexual plant and only plant with female reproductive plant can bear fruits.
Value
*Scientific observation
Chapter
Chapter:
Prepared by:
Tinsukia
Region
No.3
Human reproduction

A mother gives birth to a baby. Soon after delivery, the mother-in-law insists of giving water
and honey to the new born. But the father of the baby opposed this decision and took the
baby to the mother of the newborn, so that the baby gets the first milk.
a) What is the milk called which comes out of the mammary gland of the mother
during the initial days of lactation? What is its significance?
b) What value can you find in the father of the baby?
c) Name the hormones which influence lactation.
Ans.
a) Colostrum. It contains several antibodies needed to develop resistance in the newborn.

b) The father is well informed, aware and caring.
c) Prolactin, oxytocin and progesterone.
A pregnant woman gets developed some rashes on her skin. Thinking of allergy, she took
some medicines without consulting any doctor.
a)
Give a technical term to the agents which may cause malformation in the foetus.
b)
Give suggestions, what should that pregnant woman do in such condition?
c)
Which fluid in the uterus can be used to detect any abnormalities in the foetal
development?
Ans.
a)
Teratogens
b)
The pregnant woman must consult a doctor before taking any
medicine c) Amniotic fluid.
Chapter
No.4
Q1
Ans.
Q2
Chapter:
Reproductive health
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
A woman is tortured by in-laws as she gave birth to female child every time. They forced
her to determine the sex of the foetus. (a) What do they do? (b) Who is responsible for the
sex of the child mother/ father? (c)Is the behavior of in-laws towards her right or wrong?
Give your opinion.
(a) Amniocentesis (b) Father (c ) Wrong
Generally it has been seen that male refuses for vasectomy .As they think that it will affect
their health and strength. What will you do in that condition?
Ans.
Try to create awareness among them regarding vasectomy.
Chapter
Chapters:
Prepared by:
PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
Kolkata Region
No. 5,6
Molecular basis of inheritance.
Q1
A child born to a couple was claimed by another man in the hospital. What is the
methodology used to solve the paternity dispute?
Ans.
DNA fingerprinting, Value:- problem solving, critical thinking, decision making.

Q2
Two claimant fathers filed a case against a lady claiming to be the father of her only
daughter. How could this case be settled identifying the real biological father?
Ans.
Yes, this case can be settled identifying the real biological father by DNA fingerprinting.
Value:--problem solving, critical thinking, decision making.
The police department could obtain a bunch of hair from the gripped hand of a murdered
man. There were two persons arrested in this criminal case. How will the forensic
department, give a clue to the criminals?
Ans.
The forensic department is claimed out the investigation by DNA fingerprinting for identifying
the real murderer.
Value:-- Problem solving, decision making ,critical thinking.
A man with blood group A and his wife blood group B have a son with blood group O, father
claim that was not his son. How can the problem be solved?
Real father can be identified by blood group analysis and with DNA fingerprinting. Value:--critical thinking ,trust making.
Chapter
No. 7
Chapter:
Evolution
Prepared
by: Ranchi
Region
Q1
Sometimes Gene flow or Gene migration is harmful for a population why?
Ans.
Gene flow or gene migration of good genes from a population is harmful for the original
population.
Q.2
Penicillin was once called wonder drug as it could heal most of the bacterial infections. It is
no longer used now. Suggest the possible reasons for this.
Ans.
Mutations occur in nature. It also occurs in pathogens. Some of these mutations caused
adaptations to resist the attack of antibiotics.
Chapter
Chapter:
Prepared
No.8
by: Ranchi
Human health & diseases
Region
Q
Some international sports persons failed in dope tests& not allowed to participate in
Olympics as they were drug abusers
i) Name the drugs that would have been taken by them.
ii) Why did they use such drugs?
Ans.
i)
Anabolic steroids, certain hormones, diuretics & narcotic analgesics.
ii)
To increase muscle strength& to increase athletic performance

Ans.
Some human diseases are transmitted only when the blood of a patient comes in contact
with the blood of a healthy person. In one of such disease, there is a progressive decrease in
the number of lymphocytes of the patient.
i)
Name the disease & its causative agent
ii)
Name the type of lymphocytes affected due to this infection.
i)
AIDS caused by HIV ii)

T-lymphocytes
Health is the basic to life, and is essential for the good results in any sphere of life. A factory
owner cannot expect the optimum output, if he does not employ healthy workers. A farmer
cannot get optimum yield in his fields, if he is not healthy
What does health actually mean? How is it related to our personal life & professional
efficiency?
Ans.
A state of complete physical, mental & social well- being. A healthy person is more efficient at
work. Increases productivity & brings economic prosperity.
Chapter
No.9
Chapter:
Prepared
by:
Ranchi
Region
Differentiate between inbreeding and out-breeding?
Ans.
Q
Inbreeding is between animals of same breed. Outbreeding is the crossing between different
breeds.
What role is played by heterozygosity in the improvement of breeds?
Ans.
Reduces inbreeding depression.
What is interspecific hybridization?
Ans.
Male and female of two different related species are mated. Ex-Mule
Expand MOET.
Ans.
Q
Multiple ovulation embryo transfer technology.

Write the economic importance of honey bee.
Ans.
Food of high nutritive value, indigenous of medicine, produces bee-wax, preparation of

cosmetics and polishes, etc
How would an aquaculture and pisciculture be helpful in our life?

Ans.
Lead to the development, flourishing and fishery industry, which brought lot of income to the
farmers.
What do you mean by Single Cell Protein?
Ans.
It is alternate sources of proteins for animal and human nutrition.
How micro-propagation is helpful in producing thousands of plant?
Ans.
By application of these methods it is possible to achieve propagation of large number of

plants in very short time.
Chapter
No. 10
Q1.
Ans. 1.
Chapter:
MICROBES IN HUMAN WELFARE
Prepared by:
SILCHAR Region
Municipal Corporation has deputed personnel to check for mosquito breeding in your
school.
a) Which are the places they should check for mosquitoes and there larvae?
b) Name to diseases which are spread by mosquitoes.
c) Name any two biological agents which can be used to control mosquitoes
A.
Toilet, Corners of the Vidyalaya, Unused pots and
puddles. B.
Gambusia fish in pond, Dragon flies, Ladybird.
Q2
Prabha has seen huge garbage dumps outside your school which are not being regularly
disposed of by MCD / Nagar Parishad. Prabha discusses the problems with school mates and decide
to organize rally to spread awareness among local people about public hygiene.
A. Prepare two slogans for rally
B. Name any two infectious diseases which may spread due to such unhygienic
conditionsat public place.
Ans.
Chapter
No.11
Q1
A.
Cause the garbage removal, and help in proper disposal.; kachra hataao, bimari
bhagaao; ghar bahar rahe savacch hamara, rog mukt rahe jeevan hamara.
B. Malaria, Typhoid, Dengue
Chapter:
Prepared by:
BHUBANESWAR Region
Biotechnology: Principles & Processes
Pushpender is a scientist working on GMOs to produce Transgenic Buffaloes which can
produce milk of medicinal properties. But he also found adverse effects on which they
reduce their life span. Based on this, Answer the following.
a) What values are being neglected by him?
b) Should he continue with transgenic production of Buffaloes?
c) What Reactions and Reflections would he face from various organizations?

Ans.
Q2
Ans.
Q3
a) Empathy and Respect towards animals.

b) Such practices may kill innocent animals as the life span of buffaloes becomes less.
c) Organizations like GEAC may object on violating animal atrocity rules.
Sandeep is a Biology Student of class xii. He learnt from his teacher that lack of insulin
hormone in our body can be injected through syringes. One day his father shows
symptoms of Diabetics and he suggested him to meat doctor for Diagnosing Insulin
product. On the basis, Answer the following questions.
a) What did Sandeep understands about insulin?
b) On what basis did Sandeep advice his father?
c) Which American based company produced insulin at first and in which year?
a) Insulin is a Hormone; it regulates blood sugar level in the body. Less secretion can
be Injected extracellular.
b) In support and affection when he saw his father suffers.
c) An American Based company called Eli Lilly in 1983.
Gel Electrophoresis a Technique used to separate DNA fragments after the function of
Endonuclease. Sushi couldnt understand the actual function of Restriction Endonuclease.
He takes the help of his friend sham by asking the questions. On the basis answer the
following.
a) What is the difference between Exonuclease and Endonuclease?
b) Why sham did help his friend Sushi?
c) How can we see DNA fragments after the separation?
Ans.
a) Exonuclease cut DNA at ends externally

Endonuclease cut DNA at specific base sequence within the DNA.
b) Out of support and improvement of his Friend to generate knowledge.
c) The separated DNA fragments are visualized after staining the DNA with Ethidium
bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation.
Q4
I n a village Two friend farmers Ramnath and Kishan are cultivating normal cotton saplings.
Every year they suffer and get fewer yields and lose money. One day Kishan watches add in
television on Bt Cotton and encourages his fellow farmer, they were surprised by seeing
high yield. Based on this, answer the following.
a)
What is Bt cotton?
b)
What way Bt kills lepidopteron, coleopterans and dipterans in the soil?
c)
How could the information passed on to the farmers? What is the value that a
fellow farmers can learn from this?

Ans.
Q5
Ans.
a) Bacillus thuringiensis a soil bacterium.

b) Soil bacterium produces specific cry proteins which kill insects.
c) The information is advertised in television so as to bring awareness among people.
All the farmers should be alert to learn changes occurring in the field of agriculture,
show sympathy on farmers in their loss.
Genes encoding resistance to antibiotics like Ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline are
useful selectable markers for E.coli. The normal E.coli cells do not carry resistance against
any of these antibiotics. Ankita wants to know more clarity on these scriptures. She asks
doubts to
her teacher. Based on this please answer the following.
a) Name the best known plasmid vector?
b) What are selectable markers?
c) On what basis Biology teacher advices Ankita.
a)
b)
c)
Q6
Ans.
Chapter
No.13
Q.1
Ans.
p BRr322 ( Plasmodium Bolivar Rodriguez 322)

Selectable markers help the host cells to select useful transformants. Antibiotic are
genes encoding selectable markers.
Out of teacher student relationship and to equip the knowledge.
Jevans friends uncle suffers from reduced body weight loss. He suspects HIV. He
wants to diagnose immediately. But due to shy he delays to meet doctor. One day Jevan
came to know and advices him to go for ELISA or PCR Test. Based on these answer the
following questions?
a) What are ELISA and PCR?
b) What makes Jevons uncle feel shy to meet doctor?
c) What are the steps involved in PCR?
a) Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Essay and Polymerase Chain Reaction
b) Immediate loss of body weight may suspects to HIV. Therefore with an Empathy Jevon
suggested for ELISA and PCR.
i) Denaturation ii) Annealing iii) Extension iv) Amplification
Chapter:
Organisms and Population
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Now a days animals are coming out of the forest and create problems in the nearby areas.
Give the possible reasons.
Causes of Habitat destruction with explanations
Q2
Increasing population in India is the cause of failure behind many planning of Govt. Study of
the population attributes helps the country in this situation. Give your Opinion.
Ans.
Different characters of population, methods to control birth

Chapter
No.14
Q1
Ans.
Recently it was revealed that poaching of animals in their areas. How does it affect the
ecosystem?
Disturb the ecosystem
Chapter
No. 15
Q 1.
Ecosystem
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
A large area of farmland in our country is facing the problem of less soil fertility. According to
you which aspect of ecosystem helps us and how?
Humification and Mineralization
Ans.
Q2
Chapter:
Chapter:
Prepared by:
SILCHAR
BIODIVERSITY & CONSERVATION
Region
You find that a lake in your neighboring area has been covered by Water hyacinth.
You have contacted your friends to remove this weed. Nobody agrees to support you. How
will you explain the necessity of this?
Ans.
Water hyacinth grows rapidly; absorb dissolve oxygen and nutrients from aquatic bodies.
Q. 2
A well- known personality killed a black buck during hunting in sacred groves of Aravali
Hills in Rajasthan. Local people caught him and lodged a case in court against him.
He argued that court that killing a human being is a crime but killing an animal is not crime.
What is your opinion?
Ans.
Back buck being endangered animal is prohibited from hunting; as such it is also an equal
crime to that of killing a human being.
Q3
Students were taken for excursion to Arabari Joint forestry Project in Midnapore
district, West Bengal .The various observations done by the students were as follows
(i)Village people using forest products without causing harm to forest.
(ii)Village people helping in plantation in deforestation areas.
(iii)A core area under the forest is not disturbed by anybody.
State the various inference which the students draw from the observations
Ans.
(i)Conservation and utilization of forest products substantially

(ii)Protection of forest
(iii)In-situ Conservation
Q4
A sudden decline in fruits and seeds were seen in an area where regular heavy use of
insecticides was done for the past few years. Give reasons for such an outcome.
Ans.
Pollination is possible with the help of insects. Decline in insect population- --bees, bumble
bees, birds and bats are very important pollinating agents.
A debate was conducted on school on the need to conserve biodiversity. One student felt
Q5

Ans.
that there are so many species on the earth, why will it matter if we lose a few. Do you feel
the same .Justify your answer.
We are losing species more quickly than the evolutionary process can replace. Once a species
become its role in the ecosystem is eliminated, leaving a void and weakening ecosystem
function and services.
Q6
Sridhar lives in a coastal village. He is a son of a fisherman. Whenever any unwanted animal
comes in the net, instead of killing it, he puts back in the sea.
(i)What would happen if he killed the animal?
(ii)Give one reason to justify that Sridhars action is environmental friendly.
(iii)How can you contribute in preservation of flora and flora around you?
Q7
Study-1.A forest that is rich in biodiversity seems to decline in animal population. The
government declared it as a biodiversity hotspot and the forest regained its species richness
in few years.
Study-2.A lake that is rich in marine fishes seems to decline in its species population due to
overexploitation. A wise man in the area decided to worship the lake. The species
population f the lake again became normal.
(a)Which values are been promoted in the above studies.
(b)Suggest some ways by which you can contribute to this concern.
(c)What would be the effect if the forest was not declared hotspot?
Ans.
(i)Biodiversity conservation, Ecosystem protection.

(ii)Educate people not to harm biodiversity.
(ii)Forest would be destroyed, many species of plants and animals lost.

HOTS
Higher Order Thinking Skills

Chapter
No. 1
Q1
Reproduction in organisms.
Prepared by:
Region Tinsukia
Rahul observed green coloured long algal filaments in a stagnant pond, which are single layer
aggregation of vertically arranged cells. What sort of strategy can this type of cellular aggregation
adopt for multiplication?
A
Fragmentation (vegetative method).
Q2
Both the prefixes ( Uni- and Mono- ) have the same meaning i.e. one in number. Does it mean
that uni-sexual and mono-ecious species are the same?
A
Unisexual is used in reference to the flower (presence of either anther or carpel). Monoecious
is used in reference to the plant (morphologically one plant bearing both the sexes in their
flowers.
Q3
In oogamy, female gamete is large and non-motile but the male gamete is reverse in its
properties. Why such type of adjustment is there in higher organisms?
A
In oogamy, female gamete being larger and non motile, is an adaptation for having more food
reserves that may be required for the future development. The male gamete has to move to
reach the counterpart, so it has the machinery for its reaching and delivering the
chromosomes. A lot of cytoplasm will means extra weight also. So both the sex cells have
specialized themselves for their functions.
Q
Name organisms that reproduce to produce genetically similar individuals. What is the type of
4
reproduction do they follow? Why are the individuals so similar?
A
Unicellular organisms. Asexual reproduction. Because they are morphologically and
genetically
identical.
Q
How do gemmules and gemma cup differ from each other?
5
A
Gemmules are the internal buds found in coelenterates and sponges.
Gemmae are the external buds found in bryophytes.
Q 6
Fill in the blanks with their correct vegetative propagules:
a) Agave --------------b) Hydra---------------c) Onion----------d) Mint-----------A
a) Bulbil b) Buds c) Bulb d) Sucker
Q 7 In a pond ecosystem you may find the plant with purple flowers that spread very fast to cover
the entire pond within a short span of time. How does it spread? How does it harm the aquatic
body?

HOTS
A
Q
8
A
Q
9
A
Q
10
A
It is water hyacinth which reproduces by vegetative mean i.e. offset mean. It causes floods and
popularly known as `terror of Bengal`.
In turkey there is no males found. Why? How is it possible? Give term for such type of
reproduction.
It is parthenogenesis. In turkey diploid egg mother cell directly developed in to a female
zygote.
It is found that in organisms like algae, fishes and amphibians gametes are produced in a large
number. Suggest a reason to support your answer.
To enhance the chance of syngamy that occurs externally in water.
In algae and fungi zygote would not undergone meiosis immediately, than what is its future?
It develops a thick wall i. e. resistant against dessication and damage and undergone resting
before meiosis to pass out the unfavourable conditions.
Chapter
No. 2
Q.1
A
Q.2
A
Q.3
A
Q.4
A
Q
.
5
Prepared by:
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Tinsukia Region
Name the type of pollination that ensures genetic variation.

Xenogamy
The plant Yucca and moth cannot complete their life cycle without each other. Why?
The moth deposits its eggs in locule of ovary and flower, in turn, gets pollinated by the moth.
Give the other name of the following : pollen sacs , ovule , pollen grains ,embryo sacs.
Micro sporangia, Mega sporangium, Microspores, Female gametophyte.
In case of polyembryony, an embryo develops from the synergids and another from the
nucellus.
Which is haploid and which is diploid?
Synergid embryo is haploid an nucellar embryo is diploid.
L
a
b
e
l
t
h
e

HOTS
f
o
l
l
o
w
i
n
g
Q.6
Lable the following.

HOTS
Chapter
No.3
Q
A
Q
A
Q
Human Reproduction
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
What lead to menstruation in the absence of fertilisation?

In the absence of fertilization, corpus luteum degenerates which causes disintegration of
endometrium leading to menstrual cycle.
Why not all copulations lead to fertilisation and pregnancy?
Reason: fertilisation can only occur if the ovum and sperms are carried simultaneously.
A mother gets infected with a virus which causes German measles during pregnancy. Is it
possible that the foetus will also get infected? How ? What are its ill-effect on the foetus?

HOTS
A
Q
A
Yes, it is possible that the foetus gets infected. These viruses may diffuse through placenta. It
may cause malformations in the developing embryo.
How is the action of LH different in male and female?
In male, LH is called ICSH (Interstitial cells stimulating hormone) which stimulates the leydig cells
of the testis to secrete testosterone. In females, LH promotes ovulation and controls the
formation of corpus luteum after ovulation.
Study the figure given below and answer the question that follow:
a
a)Identify a in the figure and mention its fuction.

b)Mention the stage of human embryo it follows.
c)Where are the stem cells located in this embryo?
d) Which part of this stage of human embryo gets attached to endometrium to establish
pregnancy?
a) Inner cell mass. It forms the tissues of future embryo.
b) Morula.
c) In the inner cell mass.
d) The pole of the blastocyst that contains the inner cell mass.
The following illustration is the sequence of oogenesis in human female:
a) Mention the chromosome no. in a primary oocyte and a secondary oocyte

respectively.
b) When is meiosis II completed in the oogenesis of human female?
c) At what stage is meiosis I suspended in a primary oocyte?
A
a) Primary oocyte=46; secondary oocyte=23.
b) It is completed during fertilisation.
c) Prophase I.
Chapter
Name
of
the
Chapter:
No.4
Reproductive Health
Q1
A
Why is CuT considered a good contraceptive device to space children?

Cu suppress sperm motility , fertilizing capacity
Prepared by:
Region
Guwahati

HOTS
Q.2
What is the significance of progesterone estrogen combination as contraceptive measure?
A
Easily available , create gap, inhibit ovulation and implantation, less side effect
Q3
What do you mean by ectopic pregnancy? Why does it happen?
A
Implantation outside uterus, Due to STDs
Q.4
Give the difference between In vivo and In vitro fertilization.
A
In-vivo (in side mothers body), In- vitro (Inside the laboratory)
Q5
Why MTP?
A
Medical termination of pregnancy Population control, get rid of unwanted pregnancy, for
health condition of mother and embryo
Chapter No.5
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
Name
of
the
Chapter:
PRINCIPLES
OF
Prepared by:
KOLKATA
INHERITANCE AND VARIATION
REGION
How will you find the genotype of an organism exhibiting a dominant phenotype trait ?
By test cross ,with a homozygous recessive one .
What is the probability of Haemophilia in the son when a normal homozygous women is
married to a Haemophilic man ?
0%
Show through a cross all the possibility of the genotypes of the progeny when a man with
blood
group B marries a women with blood group A, both heterozygous for the trait .
Genotypes IaIb , Ibi ,Iai , ii
What will be the karyotype of an individual who has developed from the zygote formed by
an XX
egg fertilized by a Y sperm ?Name the abnormality with which he will be suffering from .
47 chromosome , Klinefelter s syndrome .
What will be the percentage of gametes ry , formed by an individual with genotype RrYy ?
ry 25% .
The distance between the two strands of DNA is maintained constant ? How it is
maintained ?
By base pairing between the two strands that is adenine with thymine with two hydrogen bond
and guanine with cytosine with 3 hydrogen bond.
Fillin the blanks a , b, c and d :
TRAIT
DOMINANT
RECESSIVE
Seed shape
a
wrinkled
Flower position
Axillary
b
Pod shape
c
constricted

HOTS
A
Q
A
Pod colour
Green
d
a -- round , b terminal ,c -- inflated , d --yellow
What is the method of finding the genotype of an organism exhibiting a dominant phenotype
trait ? Explain.
Test cross.In the cross ,if the individual is homozygous dominant ,all terozygous, the progeny
the individuals in the progeny will be dominant. If the individual is
will show both
he and recessive trait in the ratio of 1:1.
dominant
Chapter
No.6
Name
of
the
Chapter:
Molecular Basis Of Inheritance
Prepared by:
KOLKATA REGION
It is found that in the Transcription process the DNA strand with 35 is always transcribed
.Why ?
A
As RNA polymerase can work only in 5---> 3 direction.
Q
Where are UTRs located on m RNA ? Find out the UTRs from this segment of mRNA - 5 UCG
AGC AUG CCC GCG UUU UAG GAG GAA 3
A
UTRs are present at both 5-end (before start codon) and at 3 end (after stop codon). UCG,
AGC,GAG &GAA .
Q
What is the importance of Lactose in Lac-Operon ?
A
It induces Lac- Operon by binding with repressor protein.
Q
What are the different attachment sites on t RNA ?
A
Amino acid , anticodon ,enzyme and ribosome attachment sites .
Q
Expand BAC and YAC . What for they are used ?
A
BAC- Bacterial artificial chromosome , YAC- Yeast artificial chromosome .
Q
What will happen if both template and coding strands of a DNA segment take part in the
transcription process ?
A
If both the stands take part in transcription (1) one segment of DNA Would be coding for two
different proteins which will complicate the genetic information machinery. (2)Two RNA
molecules will be produced, complementary to each other, hence form a double stranded RNA.
Q
Mention the two events when DNA is unzipped in a cell.
A
Replication and Transcription
Q
Name the chromosomes with highest and fewest number of genes .
A
Chromosome 1 and Y chromosome .
Chapter
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
No.7
Evolution

HOTS
Q1
What do these pictures (a) and (b) illustrate with reference to evolution?
A1
(a) Dark and grey coloured moths on the bark of a tree in an unpolluted area.
(b) Dark and grey coloured moths on the bark of a tree in a polluted area.
Above picture shows industrial melanism. Prior to industrial revolution England had plenty of
lichen flora on the bark of trees giving light coloured background suitable for white coloured
moth but dark coloured moths were easily predated by the predators declining their numbers.
After industrial revolution lichens disappeared from the tree barks which caused easy predation
of white coloured moths than dark coloured declining the numbers of white moth in course of
time.

HOTS
Q2
On the basis of diagram given below explain the different ways of natural selection.
A2
Diagram explains three ways of natural selections which are-(a) Stabilising selection (b)
Directional selection (c) Disruptive selection.
Define the terms-1.Germplasm 2.Branching descent.
1.
Germplasm - Protoplasm contained inside the germ cells that is transmitted from one
generation to other is called germplasm.
2.
Branching descent-It the formation of different types of species from a common
ancestor due to variations and adaptations to varying ecological niches.
Write the formula to calculate allele frequency in future generations according to HardyWeinberg equilibrium.
(p + q)2 =p2+2pq+q2=1
Q3
A3
Q4
A4

HOTS
Q5
Give a comparison of the skulls of adult modern human being, baby chimpanzee and adult
chimpanzee.
A5
The skull of a baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull than adult chimpanzee skull.
Q6
Give a flow chart to show the different divisions of geological time scale.

HOTS
A6
Geological Time scale

Two major division
Cryptozoic
Phanerozoic
Era
Azoic
( Era of no life)
Archaeozoic
Era of invisible life
Cambrian
Ordovician Silurian
Proterozoic
Palaeozoic
Era of early life Era of ancient life
Devonian
Carboniferous
Triassic
Mesozoic
Coenozoic
Era medieval life
Era of modern life
Permian
Jurassic
Tertiary
Cretaceous
Quaternary
Note-Coenozoic era is divided in to two periods which are Tertiary and Quaternary and these are
further divided into seven Epochs-1.Recent(Holozoic )1-0.6mya
2.Pleistocene
0.6-2.0mya
3.Pliocene
2-13mya
4.Miocene
13-26mya
5.Eocene
38-54mya
6.Palaeocene
54-65mya
Chapter No.8
Prepared
by:
Ranchi
Human Health & Diseases
Region
Q
Name the organ of our body that acts as a filter of blood & trap the blood born microbes.
A
Spleen
Q
Cancer causing genes are called ------------------------.
A
Oncogenes
Q
Which antibodies present in colostrum.
A
IgA
Q
Name the proteins secreted by virus infected cells which protects non-infected cells from
further
viral infection.

HOTS
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
Interferons
Expand MALT.
Mucosal Associated lymphoid Tissue
Cancer cells are more easily damaged by radiations than normal cells ,Why?
Undergoing rapid division.
Name the medicine very effective sedative, pain killed & is very useful in patients who have
undergone surgery.
A
Morphine
Q
The chronic use of drugs & alcohol damages nervous system and liver, this is known as -----------.
A
Cirrhosis
Q
What do you mean by withdrawal syndrome?
A
When the regular dose of drugs /alcohol is abruptly discontinued ,the body to manifest an
unpleasant syndrome characterised by anxiety, shakiness, nausea & sweating
Q
What c-onc or proto-onc genes?
A
Cellular onco genes or proto onco genes are present in normal cells which ,when activated
under
certain conditions,could lead to oncogenic transformation of the cells.
Q
Name the scientist who discovered the life cycle of malarial parasite.
A
Sir Ronald Ross.
Q
which type of organisms cause ringworm.
A
Fungi
Q
Name the disease caused due to abnormal increase in lymphocytes of blood.
A
Leukemia/Blood cancer
Q
Against which diseases does the MMR vaccine give protection ?
A
Measels,Mums&Rubeolla
Chapter
Prepared by:
No.09
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
How does mutation breeding artificially occur in plants?

Chemicals and gamma radiations
Name the varieties of rice from which sem-dwarf variety have been developed.
IR-8
What is meant by micro-propagation?
Methods of producing plants by tissue culture.
What are the disease resistence varities of Brassica and wheat?
Brassica-Pusa swarnim ,Wheat-Himgiri
Name the Indian scientist,whose efforts brought green revolution in India.
M.S. Swaminathan
Write down the difference between pisciculture and aquaculture.
Ranchi Region

HOTS
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
A
Q
Pisciculture is the method of culture of fishes.Aquaculture is the culture of aquatic animals.

How does MOET help in cattle breeding?
Successful production of hybrids are high, the herd size increased in a short time.
The Indian Agricultral Research has released several varieties of crop plants.Name the three
plants with their biofortification.
Vit-A enriched carrot and spinach,protein enriched beans,Vitamin-C enriched bittergourd and
mustard.
How are somaclones cultured from explants in in-vitro? Why are somaclones so called?
Somaclones can be cultured from explants in a test tube under sterile conditions in nutrient
medium.
Give an example where mutation breeding has been successfully carried for disease
resistance.
Abelmoschus esculentus(bhindi)
Fill in the blanks:a,b and c.
Crop
Brassica(Rapeseed mustard)
b
Okra(Bhindi)
Variety
Insect pest
a
Pusa sem 2
Pusa sem 3
Pusa sawani,
Pusa A-4
Aphids
Jssids,aphids and fruit borer
A
a-Pusa gaurav,b-Flat bean,c-Shoot and fruit borer.
Chapter
Name of the Chapter: MICROBES
No. 10
IN HUMAN WELFARE
A1
A. Head B. Collar C. Tail D. Plate E. Pins F. Prongs
Prepared by:
SILCHAR Region
Q2
A2
Q3
Q
1 A3
Q4
A4
Q5
As Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces CO2 during fermentation, if fermented dough of

Aspergillus niger is used to make bread, then what happens on its consumption ?
Food will produce toxicity because Aspergillus niger produce aflatoxins. ZIET Bhubaneswar 2013-1414
Raman underwent kidney transplantation after which he observed allergic reactions. Can youHOTS
suggest the name of microbial product and its source for controlling them.A
Product : cyclosporine A, Source : Trichoderma polysporum (fungi)
B
Swati knows that the cow excreta contains a specific bacteria. Name the type
of bacteria and
C
D
how it can be socially used.
Methanogens (Archebacteria), Social use: lightening & cooking by using gobar
gas.
E
F
GM crops are favored by some countries, while in India it is still banned.
Can you suggest merits
and demerits of such crops ?
L
a
b
e
l
t
h
e
a
b
o
v
e
d
i
a
g
r
a
m
(
A
F
)
.
A5
Chapter
No.11
Merits : Enhance the quality & quantity of crops, less requirement of insecticide & pesticides,
improve agronomic characteristics. Demerits : Favors new pathogen strain , dependability of
farmers on biogenic companies.
Prepared by:
BIOTECHNOLOGY & ITS PRINCIPLES
BHUBANESWAR Region

HOTS
Q1.
Label the parts in the figure
Q2.
Answer the questions from the figure given

i) W rite the name of the enzyme required for PCR.
ii) From which organism it is obtained?

HOTS
Iii) What is the significance of this enzyme ?

A
i)Taq polymrrase
ii)Thermus aquaticus
iii) Thermostable
Q3. Match the following
A
B
i)
Bacteria
i) Celluase
ii)
Chitinase
ii)Microparticles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA
iii)
Plant cell
iii) Microinjection
iv)
Recombinant DNA injected
to nucleus of an animal cell iv) Lysozyme
v)
Biolistic /Gene gun
v) Fungus
A
Q5
Match the following

A
Bacteria --- ---------------------Chitinase --------------------Biolistic /Gene gun -----------
B
Lysozyme
Fungus
Microparticles of gold or tungsten coated
with DNA
Celluase
Plant cell --------------------Recombinant DNA injected to

nucleus of an animal cell ------ ------ Microinjection
Q4. Write the pallinodromic sequence of the following
5 ----- GAATTC------- 3
3 ------ CTTAAG---- 5
i)What dose the fig shows?

ii)What is the matrix used for the above process?
Iii)Name the chemical compound used for staining?
iv)Name the process for the separation of DNA from the
agarose gel.

HOTS
A i) Agarose gel electrophoresis ii) Agarose

iii)
Ethidium bromide
iv)
Elution
Chapter
No.12
BIOTECHNOLOGY &ITS APPLICATION
Q1.
A
I)
Expand GMO . What are the uses of G.M. Pants ?
Genetically Modified Organism.
a)It tolerates abiotic stresses such as cold ,drought salt & heat.
ii)It reduces reliance / dependence on chemical
pesticides iii) It reduces post harvest loses. iv) It increases
efficiency of mineral utilization by plants. v)Enhances
nutritional value of food
Q2.
Match the following

A
i)
Bt toxin
ii)
CryIAc& cryIIAb
iii)
CryIAb
iv)
-1 antitrypsin
v)
Produce of transgenic cow Rosie
Prepared by:
BHUBANESWAR Region
B
i) Human alpha lactalbumin
ii)Emphysema
iii) Bacillus thuringiensis
iv) Corn borer
v) cotton bollworms
A i) Bt toxin --- --------------------------------- ----Bacillus thuringiensis ii) CryIAc&

cryIIAb---------------------------- -----Cotton bollworms iii) CryIAb ------------------------------------------- Corn borer iv) -1 antitrypsin --------------------------------Emphysema
v)
Produce of transgenic cow Rosie ------------ Human alpha lactalbumin

HOTS
Q3.
Give one word

i)Supply of alternative resources to industries
In the form of starches fuels & pharmaceuticals.
ii New strategy adopted to protect the tobacco
Plant infestation by Meloidogyne incognitia.
iii)Technique based on the principle of
antigen antibody interaction.
iv)Uses of bioresources by multinational companies /other organization
Without proper authorization from the concerned parties.
vi)
Decision making organization regardingvalidity of G.M. resources & the safety of

introducing G.M. crops.
A
i)Supply of alternative resources to industries in the form of starches fuels &
pharmaceuticals.
i)Tailor-made plants
ii New strategy adopted to protect the tobacco
plant infestation by Meloidogyne incognitia
ii)RNA interference
iii)Technique based on the principle of

antigen antibody interaction
iii) ELISA
iv)Uses of bioresources by multinational companies /other organization

whitout proper authorization from the concerned parties
iv)Biopiracy
v) Decision making organization regardingvalidity of
G.M. resources & the safety of introducing G.M. crops
Q4.
v)GEAC
Draw the diagram showing maturation of proinsulin to mature Insulin.

HOTS
Q5
A
Differentiate between the insulin produce by rDNA & insulin produce by pancreas.
rDNA
i)
ii)
It is produced artificialy
It produces only A & B polypeptides
polypeptides
Insulin produced by pancreas

i) It is produced naturally
ii)It has three
A,B& C before maturation
Chapter No.13
Q1
A
Q.2
A
Q3
A
Q.4
A
Q5

Organisms and Populations
Why are green plants not found beyond a certain depth in the ocean?
As light is not available
When does a population growth curve assume J shaped?
Unlimited resource in the habitat
When and Where will you found pseudo copulation?
Similarities between female bee and orchid.
What helps the fishes to survive in different water conditions?
Osmoregulation
Explain Gauses Competitive exclusion Principle.
Prepared by:
Region Guwahati

HOTS
Co
existence
Chapter No.14
and elimination of two closely related species

Ecosystem
Prepared by:
Region Guwahati
Q1
Stability of ecosystem depends on complexity of food web. Justify the statement.

A
Diversity of food chain, more than one option in their food habit
Q.2
GPP R = NPP What do you understand by the given equation?
A
Gross primary productivity , Respiration , Net primary productivity.
Q3
What are eco system services? Why Robert Constanza Put a price tags on natures life- support
services?
A
Product of ecosystem and its usefulness.
Q.4 Differentiate between (a) Primary and Secondary succession ( b ) Pyramid of energy and
Pyramid of biomass
A
(a) Slower and Faster ( b) Upright and Inverted
Q5
Explain Hydrarch succession in detail. How it is different from Xerarch succession?
A
Various stages of development. Succession in dry areas.
Q6
Carbon cycle plays an important role in the biosphere. Discuss
A
Diagram with explanation.
Chapter
No. 15
Q1
Prepared by:
Silchar Region
Biodiversity and conservation
Alien species are threat to native species. Justify
Alien species are species that have been introduced from another geographic region to an
area outside its natural range. For example;Parthenium, Lantana and Eicchornia are invaded the native species of India and causes
environmental damage.
Introduction of African catfish Clarias gariepinus in India for aquaculture purpose is
posing threat to many indigenous catfish.
Q2
The species diversity of plants (22%) is much less than that of animals (70%). What
could
be the explanation to how animals achieved greater diversification?

HOTS
As plants could not move away from their predators and harsh environmental conditions,
many of them have become extinct.
Animals can move away from harmful environment and their predators and survive better
and so more diversity.
Q3
Species extinction is accelerating at a fast speed mainly due to human activities. Group
such activities under four major heads and explain.
A
Habitat loss and fragmentation; over exploitation; Alien Species invasions and co-extinctions.
Q4
Why is the number of prokaryotic species not yet estimated till now?
A
Conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for the identification of prokaryotic species.
Q5
Who are the Ecologists associated with the following works:
(i)
The sociologist who popularized the term Biodiversity
(ii)
Developed the River Popper hypothesis.
(iii)
Gave the estimate of global species diversity
(iv)
Performed experiments to show that increased diversity contributed to higher
productivity
A
Edward Wilson; Paul Ehrlich; Alexander von Humboldt; Robert May; David Tilman
Q6
Human activities had lead to progression of Sixth extinction at a faster rate than the previous five
episodes of extinction. How does the sixth extinction differ from the previous episodes of
extinction?
A The rate of sixth episode of extinction is progressing 100 to 1000 times faster than the previous episodes
of extinction.
Q7
If we apply Mays global estimates of species in Indian context, how many species of animal have
been recorded?
A
About 90000.
Chapter
No.16
Q1
A
Environmental issues
Prepared by:
Region silchar
Why does biomagnifications occur with certain substances ?name two such substances.
Biomagnifications is the phenomenon in which harmful chemicals get accumulated in the tissues

HOTS
Q2
of organism in increasing concentrations at successive trophic levels.DDT and mercury.

Study the given aquatic food chain and answer the question that follow:
Fish eating birds
(DDT 5ppm)
Large fish
(DDT 2 ppm)
Small fish
(DDT 0.5 ppm)
Zooplankton
(DDT 0.04 ppm)
water
(DDT 0.003 ppm)
i)Give reasons why there is a continuous increase in the DDT content in different trophic levels of
the chain.
ii) Name the phenomenon responsible for the increase in DDT content.
A
Q3
Q4
A
i)the concentration of DDT increases at successive trophic levels because it is neither

metabolized nor excreated;instead it accumulates in the tissues of the organisms.
Blends of polybend and bitumen , when used, help to increase the life of roads by a factor of
ii)biomagnification
three.what is the reason?
i)enhanced bitumens water repellant property,and helped to increase road life by a factor of
three.
Through auto fuel policy,Euro II norms,the government of india has laid out a road map to cut
down the vehicular air pollution in many cities of india.what this norms stipulated?
Euro II norms stipulates that sulphur be controlled at 350 ppm in diesel and 150 ppm in
petrol.aromatic hydrocarbons are to be contained at 42 percent of the concerned fuel.according
to the road map,is to reduce sulphur to 50ppm in petrol and diesel and bring down the level to 35
percent.

HOTS
Q
5
The figure shows the relative contribution of four greenhouse gases to global
warming.
i)
Identify the gases A and C.
ii)
Why are these four gases called the greenhouse gases?
i)
ii)
A-carbon dioxide ,C-CFCs

The molecules of these gases radiate heat energy, and a major part of which again comes
to earths surface,thus heating it up once again,results green house effect.

Areas identified for Slow Learners
Areas within Chapters Identified for Slow Learners

This effort to identify the areas within each chapter will be helpful to all teachers teaching Biology in class XII.
They will be able to help the slow learners by pointing out these observations.
Chapte
r No.
Name of
the Chapter
Areas within the Chapter

EASY for slow learner
Areas within the

Chapter DIFFICULT for
slow learners
Strategy to simplify the

DIFFICULT Portion by
which student can
learn
easily
01
Reproductio
Asexual ReproductionTypes Sexual
Concept Map,
n in
with
example
ReproductionEven
Flow Chart
Organisms
02
Sexual
Reproductio
n in
Flowering
Plants
Parts of flower
Pollination
Seeds
Fruits
ts
Microsporogenesis
Megasporogenesis
Embryogenesis
Double fertilization &
Triple fusion
Concept maps
Flow chart
Worksheets
Ppt. presentation
Hormonal Control of
Spermatogenesis
and
Oogenesis
03
Human
Reproductive
Reproductio Tract/System of Human
n
male and Female
Process of Implantation
Embryonic Development
Reproductive Health,
Population explosion,
Birth control,
Methods of birth
control: barrier method,
surgical methods,
natural
method,
oral contraceptive,
Reproductive
Health
Sexually Transmitted
Diseases.
Methods
of
birth
control: IUDs, hormonal
effect
of
oral
contraceptives,
injections & implants,
MTP, Infertility,
Assisted
Reproductive
Technologies,
Amniocentesis
Flow Chart
Concept Map
Diagrams
Animated Videos
Intrauterine
contraceptive device:
definition & mechanism
of action with Examples
Oral contraceptives:
progesterone and its
effects, types of
hormonal preparations,
MTP: Concept & the
reasons to carry out
MTP, Risks
Infertility & ART:
probable Causes and
Solutions available,
Different ART & when
to use them possibly or
which one is suitable
Produced during 3 Day Workshop at KV Khanapara (Guwahati), 23-25 July 2013

Laws of inheritance,
5.
6.
PRINCIPLES
OF
INHERITANCE
AND
VARIATION
MOLECULA
R BASIS OF
INHERITAN
Sex determination,
Pedigree analysis,
Incomplete dominance,
Genetic disorders
Multiple allelism
Griffth experiment,
Mutation
Lac Operon,
HGP
DNA Fingerprinting
Genetic code
Transcription
Translation
Structure of DNA ,
DNA as the genetic
material,
CE
Worksheet practice, Slip

test , Test and retest of
small portions, ,
cooperative learning by
peer group.
Worksheet practice, Slip

test ,
revision->Retest
recapitulation stategy
adopted,
practice of pedigree
problems ,
Diagram practice .
Central dogma
,Replication .
Origin of life
7.
Evolution
Adaptive Radiation
Big Bang
Branching descent
natural selection.
Millers Experiment
Mechanism of
evolutionSaltation.
Divergent Evolution
Hardy-Weinberg
Principle.
Divergent Evolution
Founder effects.
Homologous Organs
Origin and Evolution of

man.
&
Infectious & Noninfectious Innate
immunity
Diseases
Human
Health &
Disease
Explanation and
interaction with
students giving
diagrammatic examples
of marsupials .
Symptoms of some
common infectious
diseases
Replication
viruses
Life cycle of Plasmodium
Mast cells
Discuss stepwise
andDarwins theory of
evolution giving example
of Darwins finches.
acquired
of
retro
Discuss the concept of

mutation and speciation.
Discuss
the
factors
affecting HardyWeinberg equilibrium
.
Allele frequency in the
new sample of
population drifted from
original population.
Discussing Human
evolution stepwise
giving characters mainly
brain capacity
Non- specific type of
defence present at the
time of birth. Immunity
developed in due course
of exposure to
pathogens.
Reverse transcription
Fig.8.6 page 155,NCERT
text book(XII)
Histocyte like cells in
connective tissue around

the blood vessel, secrete

anti coagulant-heparin
Immunity
Auto immunity
Structure of an antibody
molecule
a^ interferon
Awareness about
HIV/AIDS & other STDS,
Cancer, drug & alcohol
abuse
Drug yielding plants
1.Animal husbandry
i) Bee Keeping
ii)Fisheries
09
Strategies
For
enhanceme
nt infood
production
2.Steps in dairy
management.
3.Plant breeding
i)Collection of variability
ii)Evaluation and
selection of parents
Name of the microbes in
household products,
Biofertilisers,
Bio-control agents.
GM Crops
10
Microbes in
human
welfare
LSD
Cirrhosis
1.Animal Breeding
i)Inbreeding ii)Outbreeding iii)Outcrossing iv)CrossBreeding
v)Interspecific
hybridisation
vi)Controlled breeding
2.Mutation breeding
chronic use of drugs &

alcohol.
1.Teaching the topics in
fragments.
2.Using powerpoint
presentation.
3.Demonstration
with
suitable examples.
3.Tissue culture
Microbes
in
By preparing flow chart.
sewage treatment.
Bt cotton, Other GM
food rice, S. melonena
etc
Secondary treatment of
Sewage
By
fungi, bacteria,
insects and virus.
Floc, sludge, activated
sludge, anaerobic sludge
digester. BOD & COD
Biogas plant
Basis of biogas plant,

Utilization
Biocontrol
Due to genetic & other

unknown reasons, the
body attacks self cells
exrheumatoid arthiritis.
Biological response
modifiers which activate
tumor cells to detect &
destroy it.
Lysergic Acid Diethyl
amides-used as
medicine to help
patients of mental
illness.
Damage of nervous
system & liver due to
Use of ICT, Quiz,

worksheet
Project, video & ppt ,
worksheet.
Activity based teaching,
ppt.
Chart paper, ppt, video.

11
12
13
Principle
and
processes of
biotechnolo
gy
BIOTECGNO
LOGY &ITS
APPLICATIO
N
Organisms
and
Populations
Tools of r-DNA
technology
Pallindromic sequence
Isolation of genetic
material
Steps of PCR
Downstream processing
G.M.O. & its uses
Bt. cotton
Genetically Engineered
Insulin
Ethical issues
Biopiracy
Ecology,
Levels of Organisation,
Environmental factors,
Adaptations in Plants &
Animals,
Age Pyramids,
r-DNA technology gene

cloning gene transfer
role of selectable
marker gel
electrophoresis
selection
of
recombinants from
nonrecombinants
Pest resistant plant

(RNA interference)
Gene Therapy
(ADA . deficiency )
animated video showing
Molecular diagnosis
steps
(PCR,ELISA)
Causes of production of
Transgenic Animals
Patenting and its rules
How do Oraganisms live To deal Each mode with
in their environments: lots of examples and to
try to correlate
Regulation,
Conformation, Migration,
Suspension
Population Attributes:
Natality,
Population interactions:
Mortality, Population
Mutualism, Parasitism,
Density, Population
Growth Models,
Competition
Flow chart
Video clips
Diagram/ images
Power point
presentation
By
showing model,
schematic representation
of steps of RNAi,
Population interactions:
Predation,
Commensalism,
Ammensalism
14
Ecosystem
Ecosystem,
ecosystem Ecosystem
function:
structure, decomposition, productivity, energy flow,
food chain, food web,
ecological pyramids
nutrient cycling
Ecological succession
Observation of natural
and
changing
environmental
habitat for
the
study
of ecosystem
and ecological
succession.
To deal with lots of

examples and to try to
correlate.

Genetic Diversity
Biodiversity
Species Diversity
Global Diversity
Explain with available

examples in your
locality.
Explain with difference
between Species
richness and Species
evenness
Ecological Diversity
Explain with examples
available flora and
fauna.
Biodiversity in India
Biodiversity
and
15
Conservatio
n
Latitudinal Gradient
Importance of species
diversity
Explain with help globe

,maps of geographical
areas, vegetation cover
Loss of Biodiversity
Species Areas
relationship
Explain with help of

graph stating an
example
Biodiversity
Alien species invasion
Explain how alien

species have harmed
the local environment.
Explain that the
growth and survival of
an organism is
interrelated with the
survival of others.
Conservation
How to conserve
Co-Extinction
Biodiversity
Electrostatic Precipitator
Corona, charged wire,

functioning
Video files
Catalytic converter
How, catalytic converter

works in vehicles.
Worksheet, ppt, video
Noise pollution
Different db sounds &

symptoms
Match the columns

based on symptoms
and db
16
Algal Bloom
Environment
al issues
Biomagnification
Name of algae, How it

harms the aquatic life?
What are heavy metals
& their effects on life?
How does the
concentration of heavy
Flow chart, ppt, video

files.
Flow chart, ppt, video
metals
Radioactive waste
Sources, effects &

disposal.
Ppt, video, worksheet.

Ozone depletion
Video, ppt.
Occurrence, causes of
depletion. Effect
Prepared by 6 Regions: Bhubaneswar, Ranchi, Kolkata, Guwahati, Tinsukia and Silchar
ZIET Bhubaneswar 2013-141Diagrams /Graphs/ Crossword Puzzles
Chapter
No. 1
Name of the Chapter: Reproduction
in Organisms
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Vegetative propagules in angiosperms: (a) Eyes of potato; (b) Rhizome of ginger; (c) Bulbil of
Agave; (d) Leaf buds of Bryophyllum; (e) Offset of water hyacinth
Runner of
Oxalis/Strawberry
Leaf Bud of Bryophyllum
Crossword Puzzle
Across
1. The process of the fusion of the gametes.
6. The type of fertilization in hen.
7. The term used for bulges observed on the sides of the body of Hydra.
8. Eggs are produced here.
Down
2. Sperms are produced in these male reproductive organs.
3. Another term for the fertilized egg.
4. These animals lay eggs.
5. A type of fission in amoeba.
Complete the flow chart
Hint-A. Gamete Transfer, B.Ovary transforms into fruit, C.Ovary wall transforms into pericarp
Chapter
No. 2
Name
of
the
Chapter:
Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Sexual
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
A typical anatropous ovule
Chapter
No. 3
Name of the Chapter: Human
Reproduction
Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
A flow chart showing various hormones involved at each stage during gestation period:
Ovulation
Pregnancy
LH, FSH,Estrogen
Estrogen, Progesterone by
corpus luteum
Placenta
Foetal Growth
hCG,hPL,Estrogen,progestogen
Estrogen, progestogen, cortisol,
Prolactin, thyroxine
Parturition
Lactation
La
Menstrual Cycle Graph
Relaxin, oxytocin
Prolactin
CHAPTER 4 Reproductive health: population growth :
Chapter
No. 4

Reproductive health: methods of birth control
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Amniocentesis:
Chapter
No. 5
1.
Principles of Inheritance and Variation

A Monohybrid Cross
2.
Seven pairs of contrasting characters in Garden Pea (Pisum

GREGOR JOHN MENDEL
sativum)
Prepared by:
Region
.
3
3.
TURNER SYNDROME
4.DOWN SYNDROME.
5. KLINE FELTER SYNDROME
6. SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA
7. HAEMOPHILIA
8.PHENYLEKETONURIA
9. COLOUR BLINDNESS
Chapter
No. 6
1.STRUCTURE OF DNA
Name of the Chapter: Molecular
Basis of Inheritance
Prepared by:
Region
2.STRUCTURE OF RNA
3.TRANSCRIPTION PROCESS
4. TRANSLATION PROCESS
5. DNA FINGERPRINTING
6. LAC OPERON
7. DNA REPLICATION
Chapter
No. 7

Evolution
Prepared
by: Ranchi
Region
ex. homologous bones in forelimbs (forearms)

in frogs, birds, bats, horses, whales, humans
Humans and chimpanzees DNA is 98.5% the SAME

below are chromosomes from a human (left) and a bonobo chimpanzee
Chapter
No. 8
Name
of
the
Chapter:
Human Health & Disease
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Elephantiasis
Explant
(Any plant part)
Grown in a test tube under sterile
condition in nutrient medium
Totipotent cells
Micropropagation
Somaclones
(genetically
identical
plants)
Fig1: Tissue culture.
Steps in Plant breeding:

i)Collection of variability.
ii)Evaluation and selection of parents. iii) Cross
hybridisation among the selected parents.
iv)Selection and testing of superior

recombinants.
v) Testing, release and commercialization of

newcultivars.
DOUBLE MATCH THE FOLLOWING:

S.No
.
Extinct animals (Picture)
Names
Country Name
A. Stellar Sea
Cow
I.
RUSSIA
B. Dodo
II.
AFRICA
C. Quagga
III.
AUSTRALIA
D. Bali tiger
IV.
MAURITIUS
5.
E. Thylacine
V.
BALI
Answers:
1.
Bali Tiger- BALI , 2. Stellar sea cow-RUSSIA , 3. Thylacine AUSTRALIA , 4. Quagga-AFRICA , 5.

Dodo-MAURITIUS
Chapter
No. 10
Name of the Chapter: Microbes
in Human Welfare
Prepared by:
Silchar Region
Top to bottom : 1-Saccharomyces, 4- Toddy, 6- Trichoderma , 7- Streptokinase , 9- Spirullina

Left to right : 2-Bacillus 3-Propionibacterium , 5-Aspergillus 8-Nostoc 10- Methanogens
Prepared by:
Chapter
Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Bhubaneswar Region
No. 11
Restriction Enzymes
Pallindromic Sequences
Cloning Vectors
Chapter
No. 12
Name
of
the
Chapter:
Biotechnology and Its Applications
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Steps in ELISA
Chapter
No. 13
Name of the Chapter: Organisms
and Populations
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Chapter
No. 14
Ecosystem
Ecosystem: Energy flow
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Name of the Chapter: Biodiversity
Chapter
No. 15
and Conservation
ACROSS
1. A type of in-situ conservation3.Measuring Unit of Ozone :

5.Name of blindness caused by UV-B8.Increase in concentration of the toxicant at
successive trophic levels 11.Natural aging of a lake by nutrient
enrichment of its water
Answers:
Prepared by:
Silchar Region
DOWNWORD
2. Worlds most problematic aquatic
weed4.Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)
is6.A type of ex-situ conservation7.Material used for sound proofing of recording
studio and auditorium is
9.Slash and burn agriculture also known as 10.In
1987, which form of pollution was added in Air
Act-1981-
ACROSS : 1. Cryopreservation, 3-dobson 5. Snow 8-biomagnification 11-eutrophication

DOWNWORD : 2-Eichornia 4-Methane, 6-Zoo 7- Styrofoam 9-Jhum 10-Noise
Chapter
Prepared by:
Name of the Chapter: Organism
No.
Region
and Populations
DOUBLE MATCH THE FOLLOWING :

S.No
.
Extinct animals (Picture)
Names
Country Name
F. Stellar Sea
Cow
VI.
RUSSIA
G. Dodo
VII.
AFRICA
H. Quagga
VIII.
AUSTRALIA
I.
IX.
MAURITIUS
5.
J.
Answers:
Bali tiger
Thylacine
X.
BALI
2.
Bali Tiger- BALI , 2. Stellar sea cow-RUSSIA , 3. Thylacine AUSTRALIA , 4. Quagga-AFRICA , 5.
Top to bottom
1. used to prepare bakery products.

4. traditional south Indian drink prepared from palm.
6. fungus produced immunosuppressive agent.
7. enzyme act as clot buster.
9. single cell protein
Left to right
2. rod shaped bacteria
3.production of carbon dioxide in swiss cheese.
5.name of the fungus responsible for production of citric acid
8. nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria
10. enzyme responsible for production of methane
Top to bottom : 1-Saccharomyces, 4- Toddy, 6- Trichoderma , 7- Streptokinase , 9- Spirullina
Left to right : 2-Bacillus 3-Propionibacterium , 5-Aspergillus 8-Nostoc 10- Methanogens
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
ACROSS
1. A type of in-situ conservation3.Measuring Unit of Ozone :
5.Name of blindness caused by UV-B8.Increase in concentration of the toxicant at successive trophic levels 11.Natural aging of a lake by nutrient enrichment of its water
DOWNWORD
2. Worlds most problematic aquatic weed4.Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is6.A type of ex-situ conservation7.Material used for sound proofing of recording studio and auditorium is
9.Slash and burn agriculture also known as 10.In 1987, which form of pollution was added in Air Act-1981ACROSS : 1. Cryopresiovation, 3-dobson 5. Snow 8-biomagnification 11-eutrophication
DOWNWORD : 2-Eichornia 4-Methane, 6-Zoo 7- Styrofoam 9-Jhum 10-Noise
ZIET Bhubaneswar 20131437 Diagrams /Graphs/ Crossword

Puzzles
ZIET Bhubaneswar1
Test Paper:1 A
Chapter-1
Chapter wise Test Paper

Prepared by:
Tinsukia Region
Time
30
min
General Instructions:
Max Marks: 20
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2 marks each and Q
11-12 carries 3 marks each
Your answer should be brief and relevant
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Which individuals can be termed as clones?

How do the following organisms reproduce: a) Paramoecium b) Penicillium?
How will you grow a banana and a ginger plant?
In Bryophyllum, leaf margins show green structures. What are these? Name another
plant having such structure.
What is the vital link between two generations?
Give term for the condition in which a single organism possesses both the sex.
Why do hilly areas of Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu transform into blue
Stretches that attracts many tourists?
Define oestrus and menstrual cycles.
Differentiate between homogamete and heterogametes.
What regulates the reproduction processes and the associated behavioral
expressions in organisms?
Give any three differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
Enlist the changes that occur post- fertilization in plants.
Value Points / Marking Scheme: 1A

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
The individuals who are morphologically and genetically identical are called
clones.
a) Paramoecium - binary fission.
b) Penicillium - conidia.
The rhizomes of a banana and a ginger are used to propagate new plantlets.
These are leaf vegetative buds. Example- Begonia.
Zygote.
Hermaphrodites.
Strobilanthus kunthiana which flowers only once in every 12 years flowered in
2006 that resulted into transformation of the hilly tracks of Kerala, Karnataka
and Tamil Nadu into blue stretches.
Non- Primates like cows, sheep etc. show certain cyclic changes during
reproduction called oestrus cycle while Primates like apes, humans the cycle
is referred to as menstrual cycle.
Homogametes- Gametes which are similar in morphologically and motility.
Heterogametes- Gametes which are dissimilar in morphologically and motility.
Male gamete is smaller and motile while female gamete is large and non-motile.
Interaction between hormones and certain environmental factors regulate the
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
Mark
Split
1
+
+
+
1
1
1+1
1+1
1+1
ZIET Bhubaneswar2
reproductive processes and the associated behavioural expressions of organisms.

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1. There is involvement of only one
1. Two sexually distinct individuals are
individual.
involved
2. There is no formation of gamete.
3.Syngamy and zygote formation is
absent.
111+1+1
2. There is formation of gametes.

3. Syngamy and zygote formation take
place.
12The various
post- fertilization changes as observed in plants are
1+1+1
- The sepals, petals and stamens wither away.
- The pistil remains attached to the plant.
- The zygote develops into embryo, ovary develops into fruit and the ovules develop into seeds.
Test Paper:1 B
Prepared
by: Tinsukia
Region
Chapter-1
Time 30 min
Max Marks: 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2 marks each and Q 11-12
carries 3 marks each

What is a meiocyte?
1
Give the term for period of growth before an organism attain sexual maturity.
Some organisms reproduce throughout the year. What are they called? 1
A Papaya plant has staminate flower. What does it mean?
1
By which event pollen grains are reach up to stigma of a flower. 1
Where does syngamy occur in amphibians and reptiles? 1
Differentiate between antherozoid and egg cell. 2
Homothallic and heterothallic conditions are referred for?
2
How is zygote differing from zoospore? 2
Birds are oviparous and humans are viviparous. What does it mean?
2
Mark
Split
Value Points / Marking Scheme: 1B

11
12
In which structure zygote, ovule and ovary developed during post-fertilization changes? 3
Define embryogenesis. Explain its events in brief.
3
1
2
3
4
5
6
The diploid gamete mother cell which undergoes meiosis.

Juvenile phase. 1
Continuous breeders. 1
A flower having with stamens only.
1
Pollination.
1
Amphibians- water, Reptiles-land
+
ZIET Bhubaneswar3
AntherozoidMale gamete, motile. Produced in antheridia.

1+1
Egg cellFemale gamete, non-motile. Produced in archaegonia.
Homothallic- Thallus possessing both the sex organs.
1+1
Hterothallic- Both sex organs are found on different thallus.
Zoospore- Asexual spore, Haploid structure
1+1
Zygote- Result of fusion of two gametes in sexual reproduction, Diploid structure.
Oviparous Animals which lay eggs.
1+1 Viviparous- Animals which give birth to fully
developed foetus.
Zygote-embryo, Ovule- seed and Ovary- fruit.
1+1+1
Process of development of embryo is known as embryogenesis. It includes1+1+1
a) Cell division increase the no. cells in developing embryo.
B )Cell Differentiation- cells undergo certain modification to form specialized tissue
and organs.
8
9
10
11
12
Test Paper:2A
Chapter-2
Time 30 min
Prepared
by: Tinsukia
Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
What is agamospermy? 1
Can snails pollinate the flowers? What do you call such a pollination? 1
In some species of Asteraceae and grasses, seeds are formed without1 fusion of gametes. Give
the scientific term for such type of reproduction.
How are pollen stored in a pollen bank? 1
Hypanthodium is a special type of inflorescence. Then what is hypanthium?
1
In the embryos of a typical dicot and a grass, which are the true homologous
1 structures?
State two differences between Perisperm and Pericarp 2
Draw l.s of anatropous ovule of an angiosperm and label a) Nucellus b) Secondary
2
4
5
6
7
8
nucleus.
9
2
Identify
the type
of
placentations and define them
ZIET Bhubaneswar4
10
11
a) Draw a labeled sectional view of albuminous seed.

2
b) Give two advantages of seeds to flowering plants
Continued self pollination lead to inbreeding depression. List three devices,
3 which
flowering plant have developed to discourage
self pollination?
123
The diagram represents the stages of

dicot embryo development. Label A, B and C.
b)Which type of cell division takes place in embryogenesis?
c)Endosperm development precedes embryo development.Justify.

1
The asexual formation of embryos and seeds without the occurrence of

fertilization.
2
3
4
Yes, Malacophily
5
6
Mark
Split
1
+
Apomixis
1
Pollen can be stored in a viable condition in pollen bank for many years in liquid 1
nitrogen at -196oC
In some flowers, the stamens, petals, and sepals are fused into a "floral tube" or
1
hypanthium.
Cotyledons and Scutellum
+
ZIET Bhubaneswar5
71+1
S.No
1
2
8
Perisperm
It represents the
persistent remains of
nucellus in the seed
It is usually dry
Pericarp
It represents the wall of the fruit formed
by ovarian wall
It can be dry or fleshy
1++
If the ovary is divided, with the ovules born on a line of placentation at the inner
angle of each locule, this is axile placentation.
An ovary with free central placentation, on the other hand, consists of a single
compartment without septae and the ovules are attached to a central column.
101+1++ a)
b)The reserved food material of the seed support the growth o0f the seedling till
they become nutritionally dependent
Seeds posses better adaptive strategies for dispersal to form a new colony.
+
+
ZIET Bhubaneswar6
11
(a)
Dichogamy: The condition in which the stamens and stigma of a
bisexualflower mature at different times.
(b)
Heterostyly:Anther and stigma are at different position/heights in
someplants(c)
Self-incompatibility or Self-sterility
a) A-Globular B-Heart shaped C-Torpedo
b) Mitosis
c) Because the developing embryo requires nutrition for its development
which is provided by the endosperm.
12
Test Paper:3 A
Chapter-3
Time 30 min
1+1+1
++
Prepared by: Tinsukia Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Where fertilization does takes place in human female?

Which cells of embryo have potency to give rise to all tissues and organs?
Write two major functions of ovary.
How many eggs are released by human female in a month?
Which hormone is involved in induction of parturition?
What is colostrum?
Why testes are situated outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called scrotum?
Identify major differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis?
Label A,B, C and D in the following schematic representation of oogenesis.
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
10
Write the function of each one of the following:

1. Seminal vesicle
2. Luteinising hormone in males
Draw a labeled diagram of the microscopic structure of sperm.
Identify the stage b, c, d, e and f of embryonic development by looking at the diagrams
given below:
11
12
3
3
ZIET Bhubaneswar7
(e)
(f)
What is the name of a cell in stage b and c
S. No.
1
2
3
Spermatogenesis
Occur in testes.
growth phase is short
A spermatogonium
produces four functional
spermatozoa.
Spermatogonia are formed
and added through out life.
Oogenesis
Occur in ovaries.
growth phase is very long
An oogonium produces one
functional ovum and three
nonfunctional polar bodies.
no more oogonia are formed
and added after birth.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
ampullary-isthmic junction
Stem cells
a) To produce female gametes (ovum) by oogenesis.
b) To secete estrogen and progesterone.
One egg
Oxytocin
Milk produced by the mother during first few days after child birth
The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of the testes (2 2.5oC
lower than the normal internal body temperature) necessary for spermatogenesis.
81/2x4=2
Mark Split
1
1
1
1
1
2
ZIET Bhubaneswar8
A.
Oogonia
1/2x4=2
B. Primary oocyte
C. Secondary oocyte
D. ovum
1.
Secretions of these glands constitute the seminal plasma which is
1+1
rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes.
2. LH acts at the Leydig cells and stimulates synthesis and secretion
of
androgens.
1111/2(dig.)+1/2x4(at
10
least 4 labels)
12 b)Zygote
(1/2x5)
c) 2 celled stage
d) 4 celled stage
e) Morula
f)blastocyst
blastomere
Test Paper: 3B
Chapter-3
Time 30 min
Prepared by: Tinsukia Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
3
4
5

Name the cell organelles present in the neck of a human sperm.
Which sugar is present in seminal plasma?
What is the function of the cells of alveoli in respect to mammary gland?
Which structure in an ovary is characterised by a fluid filled cavity called antrum?
What is the ploidy of the first and second polar body respectively?
1
1
1
1
1
ZIET Bhubaneswar9
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Name the tissue which secrete estrogens and progestogens for the maintenance of
pregnancy.
Mention two functions of FSH during the follicular phase of mensrual cycle.
Mention the accessory glands of male reproductive system. Give a term to the
secretions of these glands collectively.
How does the enzymes of the acrosome help in fertilisation?
Draw a neat and a labelled diagram of a blastocyst.
Where are stem cell found in the blastocyst?
What are the hormones which are released only during pregnancy? Mention one
function of each.
Study the diagram and answer the following question:
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
B
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
a)Identify A and B.
b)Which cell division takes place to form a primary spermatocyte from spermatogonia?
Mark
Value Points / Marking Scheme: 3B
Split
c)State the function of interstitial cells
A proximal centriole and a distal centriole.
+=1
Fructose
1
The cells of alveoli secrete milk which is stored in the lumens of alveoli.
1
Tertiary follicle
1
Both are diploid(23 chromosomes each)
+=1
Placenta
1
Functions:
1+1=2
1.Stimulates the growth of follicles,
2. Stimulates secretion of estrogen by the growing follicles.
Accessory glands- a prostrate gland, a pair of bulbourethral glands and a pair of +++
seminal vesicles. Collectively they are called seminal plasma.
=2
The enzymes of the acrosome help to dissolve zona pellucida layer and plasma
2
membrane of the ovum for the entry of the sperm into the cytoplasm of the
+++
=2
ZIET Bhubaneswar10
ovum.
10
Inner cell mass

Blastocoel
Trophoblast
Stem cells are found in inner cell mass.
The three hormones are:hCG, hPL and relaxin.
Function:
hCG= stimulates the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone till parturition.
hPL= stimulates the growth of mammary glands for lactation.
Relaxin=facilitates partrition by softening the connective tissue of the pubic
symphysis.
a)A=Secondary spermatocyte, B=Spermatozoa
b)Mitosis
c)They have connective tissue which includes blood vessels Leydig cells.
11
12
Test Paper: 4A
Chapter- 4
Time 30 min
+++
++ =3
++1 +1
=3
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
Name the drug developed by CDRI, Lucknow.

1
Increasing female foeticide is the result of amniocentesis. How? 1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Cutting and tying of vas deferens is termed as -------------. 1

At how many cell stage embryo will transfer in ZIFT?
Lactational amenorrhea is a contraceptive method. How?
Give two examples of copper releasing IUDs.
Write type of surgical methods of contraception.
Oral contraceptives are considered safer than other methods.Justify
Write the full form of ART. List any two techniques.
When does GIFT and ZIFT applied?
11
12
What are the objectives of sex education in schools?

Write the aims and objectives of RCH programmes.

1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
Saheli
3
3
Mark Split
1
ZIET Bhubaneswar11
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Technique of sex determination in embryonic stage.

Vasectomy
8- celled stage
Intense lactation period No menstruation
Cu T, Cu7
Vasectomy and Tubectomy
Lesser side effects , Non steroidal preparation
Assistated Reproductive Technologies.IVF, AI ( Any relevant answer)
Failure of natural fertilization, Inability in production of ova.
Aware them regarding adolescence and sex related problems .
Awareness regarding reproduction related aspects.
Reproductively healthy society with facilities and support
Test Paper: 5A
Chapter- 5
Time 30 min
1
1
1
1/2+1/2
1
1+1
1+1
1+1/2+1/2
1+1
1+1+1
1+1+1
Prepared
by:
Kolkata
Region
Max Marks: 20

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
What type of allele produces its effects only in homozygous individual . a)

dominant, b) recessive, c) incomplete dominant , d) incomplete recessive.
Write the phenotypic ratio of di hybrid cross.
Name two organisms where males are heterogametic.
Scientific name of garden pea is ________________
Tendency of gene to link together in a same locus is called ___________________
Name two Mendelian disorder that are sex- linked
Distinguish between monohybrid and dihybrid cross.
8
9
10
11
12
What is trisomy, Give an example.

What is co-dominance, give an example.
Write four symptomps of Turners syndroms.
Mentions the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment.
What is Pedigree analysis? Write advantages.
2
2
2
3
3

1
2
3
4
b. recessive
9:3:3:1
Human and Drosophilla
Pissum sativum
1
1
1
1
1
2
Mark
Split
1
1
1
1
ZIET Bhubaneswar12
5
6
7
Linkage
Haemophilia , colour blindness
Crossing between asingle con trasting character/two contrasting character.
Phenotypic ratio of monohybrid cross is 3:1/ dihybrid is 9:3:3:1.
Three copies of a particular chromosome present in a cell,
exampleDownsyndrome
When alleles express themselves equally,. Blood group AB.
1)sterile female ,2)poorly developed breast 3)short stature. 4) small uterus
Pea is a annual plant and cultivated in small area, pollination generally self
but cross pollination may take artificially, contrasting characters are not
overlapping.
It is a system to study the
of
distribution
and
will be identified and
movement of traits in a
treated by Pedigree .
series generation in a
family.
Sex
linked
disorders like Haemophilia
and colour blindness
8
9
10
11
12
Test Paper: 6A
Chapter- 6
Time 30 min
1
1
1+1
1+1
1+1
*4
2+2
2+2
Prepared
by: Kolkata
Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

What are the components of a nucleoside ?
Who experimentally proved the semiconservative nature of DNA replication?
How is the nitrogenenous base linked to the pentose sugar ?
Which enzyme is used in the Transcription process ?
Write the dual function of AUG.
Expand VNTR .
State two reasons that favour DNA to be the genetic material than that of RNA .
How are the exons different from introns? Give two points of difference .
Which strand of DNA is transcribed and Why ?
Stat two functions of DNA polymerase .
Who postulated an adapter molecule to link the genetic code and the amino acids?
State its two functions.
(i)What are the four levels at which gene expression is regulated in eukaryotic cell ?
(ii)Name the regulatory gene of Lac operon .

1
Contains nitrogen base and a pentose sugar.
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
3
Mark
Split
.+1/2
ZIET Bhubaneswar13
2
3
4
5
6
7
Messelson and Stahl.

.+1/2
By N-glycosidic linkage.
1
RNA Polymerase
1
Start codon and codes for Methionine.
.+1/2
Varible number of Tandem repeats
1
(1) Presence of Thymine in place of Uracil confers additional stability (2) DNA mutates
1+1
but at a slower rate than that of RNA and hence chemically less reactive.
8 (1)Exons are coding sequences that forms part of mRNA,Introns are non coding
1+1
sequences that donot become part of mRNA.(2) Exons are joined together during
splicing to make the information continous, Introns are removed during splicing.
9 DNA strand with polarity 3-> 5 called template strand is transcribed as RNA
1+1
polymerase can function only in 5->3 direction because it is complementary to the 3>5 direction of the template .
10 To catalyse polymerization of nucleotides into polynucleotides. Proof reading .
1+1
11 Francis Crick postulated tRNA as an adapter molecule.(1)It has amino acid binding site
1+2
at 3 end .(2)It has anticodon to recognize the codon on mRNA for the amino acid.
12 (i) Transcription level, Processing level ,Transport of mRNA to cytoplasm , Translation
*4+1
level. (ii) Gene i .
Test Paper: 7A
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Chapter- 7
Time 30 min
Max Marks: 20

Who proposed that the first form of life came from pre-existing non living organic
molecules?
The wing of bat is homologous to
a. arm of a human
b. tail of a kangaroo
c. tail fin of a fish
d. wing of a butterfly
Who provided experimental support for Oparin-Halden hypothesis?
Mention any one source of variation in a sexually re producing organism.
5
6
What is meant by gene pool?

Mention the two key concepts of Darwinism.
Would you consider wings of a butter fly and a bat homologous or analogous?
1
2
ZIET Bhubaneswar14
8
9
Birds have evolved from reptiles. How does paleontology provide evidence in support of 2 this
statement?
What is genetic variability? Name two sources of variation in the gene pool.
2
10
Differentiate between convergent and divergent evolution.
11
How did industrial melanism bring about natural selection?
12
Explain evolution of DDT resistance in mosquitoes.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Mark
Split
Oparin and Halden.

a. arm of human
Urey and Miller
Crossing over , Mutation, Genetic drift, Gene migration(any one)
Sum total of all the genes of all the members of a population is called gene pool.
Variation and Natural selection.
Wings of a butterfly and a bat are analogous organs because they are structurally
different but performing same function.
Archaeopteryx was a fossil showing both characters of reptiles and birds. In their beak
teeth were present.
Differences in the genetic materials in members of same population are called genetic
variability. It is caused due to mutation ,recombination, gene migration, genetic drift
etc.
Convergent evolution means performing of similar function by analogous organs and
divergent evolution means doing of different functions by homologous organs.
Industrial melanism changed the colour of stem into dark due to loss of lichens which
causes easy predation of white moth increasing the number of black moth in course of
time.
Due to continuous exposer of DDT in mosquitoes develop DDT resistance in some
individuals of mosquitoes due to their resistant gene which finally evolve as resistant
variety
Test Paper: 8A
Chapter- 8
Prepared
by: Ranchi
Region
Time 30 min General

Instructions:
Max Marks: 20
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2 marks each and
Q
1
Write the scientific name of the causative organism of elephantiasis.
ZIET Bhubaneswar15
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
What do you mean by malignant tumor ?

What are interferons ?
How does saliva act in body defence ?
What is the test used to confirm typhoid ?
Smack is common drug which is consumed by many person. Name the plant from
which it is obtained.
What is contact inhibition? How does this phenomenon operate in cancer cells?
Write the full form of ELISA. Give an example of the clinical application of ELISA test.
Due to undue peer pressure a group of adolescents started using opioids intravenously.
What are the serious problems they might face in future?
Write the specific symptoms of pneumonia .Name the causative organism.
In which way has the study of biology helps us to control infectious diseases?
Do you think that friends can influence one to take alcohol/ drugs? If yes, how
may
one protect himself from such an influence?
1
2
3
Wuchereria bancrofti
When tumor cells spread to different sites of the body
Proteins secreted by virus infected cells, non infected cells are protected from
viral infections
1
1
+1/
2
4
5
6
7
Contains lysosome enzymes, kills bacteria& prevent growth of microbes

Widal test
Latex of poppy plant
Normal cells are surrounded by near by cells-contact inhibition. Cancer cells lost
contact inhibition property
Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay. Detection of HIV/ AIDS
Infections like HIV& Hepatitis B. Dependence of these drugs
Fever, chill, headache .In severe case lips & finger nails may turn
bluish.Streptococcus pneumonia & Haemophilous infaelunzae
Awareness about diseases& prevention and control
Yes, counseling, help from parents & peers, medical & professional help.
1
1
1
1+1
11
12
Test Paper: 9A
Chapter- 9
2
2
2
2
3
3
Mark
Split
8
9
10
1
1
1
1
1
1+1
1+1
1+1
1+1+
1+1+1
Prepared by:
Ranchi Region
Time 30 min General

Instructions:
Max Marks: 20
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2 marks each and Q
1
Write down the two strategies to enhance the food production.
Name a common species of hpney bee which can be reared.
ZIET Bhubaneswar16
Give an example of disease resistance crop plant of Cauliflower .
Is cross-breeding reduce the inbreeding depression?
Why are selected breeds used in the breeding ofplants and animals?
What is blue revolution?
Define mutation?
How is single cell protein provide us the scope to produce food source?
What do mean by tissue culture?Which part of the plant is used in this technique?
10
Mention the four objectives of biofortification.
11
How is artificial insemination conducted?Why it is beneficial?
Name the herd improvement programme.Which

hormone i stage the fertilised egg is transferred to
surrogate mother?
12

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
s
d?At which cell
administere
Mark Split
Animal breeding and plant breeding

1/2+1/2
Apis indica
1
Pusa subhra or Pusa snowball K-1
1
Yes.It allows the desirable qualities of different breeds to be combined.
1
Because selected breeds contain the desirable qualities like high yield and
1/2+1/2
disease resistance.
Revolution in aquatic animals like fish.
1
Inducing mutation artificially through use of chemicals or
2
radiations,selecting and using the that have desirable characters.
A green algae ,Spirullina is used to produce food rich in protein,
2
minerals,fats,carbohydrates and vitamins in large quantity.
A techenique to propagate the plants from explants is called tissue
2
culture.Meristematic tissues.
i)protein content and quality (ii)Oil content and quality (iii)Vitamin
1/2+1/2+1/2+1/2
content(iv) Micronutrient and mineral content
Semen colleted from the chosen male and injectd into the reproductive 2+1
tract of selective female.Semen may be used immediately or can be
frozenand used later.
It can be transported in a frozen formto where the femae housed.
It helps in overcome several problems of normal mating.
MOET,Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),8-32 celled stage
1+1+1
ZIET Bhubaneswar17
Test Paper: 10A
Chapter- 10

Prepared by: Region
Time 30 min
Max Marks: 20
The vitamin whose content increases following the conversion of milk into curd by
lactic acid bacteria is: a. vitamin C
b. vitamin D
c. vitamin B12
d. vitamin E
8
9
Match the following list of bacteria and their commercially important products:
(i) Aspergillus niger
(a) Lactic acid
(ii) Acetobacter aceti (b) Butyric acid
(iii) Clostridium butylicum
(c) Acetic acid
(iv) Lactobacillus
(d) Citric acid
______________ causes large holes in swiss cheese?
If a given water sample have more BOD, what does it indicate?
Give any two microbes that are useful in biotechnology.
How are alcoholic drink wine and beer different from whisky and rum?
One farmer of your locality is suffered as soil of his paddy field became less fertile due
to excessive use of chemical fertiliser. What would you suggest him?
What are flocs? What is their role in WWTP?
Label A, B, C, D.
10
11
12
1
2
3
Why are Nucleopoly hedroviruses considered as excellent bioinsecticides?

Name any two bioactive molecules, their source microbes and their uses.
Write any three benefits of having mycorrhizal association in plants.
c
I d, ii c, iii b, iv a
Propionibacterium sharmani
2
3
3
3
4
5
6
7
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
ZIET Bhubaneswar18
Mark
Split
1
1
1

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
More polluted or more organic material present in it.

E.coli and Saccharomyces cenevisae
Wine and beer are made without distillation while rum and whiskey are made by
distillation of fermented broth.
Use of biofertilisers like bacteria as Rhizobium, Azotobactor and cynobacteria as
Anabaena , Nostoc etc
Masses of bacteria associated with fungal filament to form mesh like structure.
They consume the organic material and reduce the BOD.
A- Gas, B- sludge, C- digester, D- Gas holder
Because they are species specific and no negative impact on other animals.
Cyclosporin A From Trichoderma polysporum used as immunosuppressive agent
Statins from Monascus perpureus used as blood cholesterol lowering agent.
Increase in plant growth and development, resistant to root borne pathogens,
tolerance to salinity and drought.
Test Paper: 11A
1+1=2
1+1=2
X4=2
2
X6=3
1X3=3
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Chapter- 11
Time 30 min
Max Marks: 20
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2

marks each and Q 11-12 carries 3 marks each

1
What is the role of restriction endonuclease in biotechnology?
Restriction endonuclease usually isolated from bacteria and bacteria use it for its self
protection. How?
----------- and ------------ are two main processes used in downstream processing.
Name the enzyme that is used to dissolve cell wall of bacteria and plant.
A rDNA is inserted in the coding sequence of an enzyme and which inactivates the
gene. Give the term for that.
Name two natural genetic engineer used in biotechnology process
Complete the table given below
Processes
Enzyme involved
Cutting of DNA fragments at

specific site
Joining of foreign DNA fragments

with plasmid
Amplification of DNA fragments
Dissolve fungal cell wall

8
Give diagrammatic representation of rDNA technology
9
DNA being hydrophilic cannot pass through the cell membrane of a cell. Explain
2
2
ZIET Bhubaneswar19
how recombinant DNA get introduces into the cell to transform the latter. In
bacterial culture some of the colonies produce blue colour in the presence of a
chromogenic substrate and some did not due to the presence or absence of an
insert (rDNA) in the coding sequence of the beta- galactosidase.
a)
Mention the mechanism and steps involved in the above experiments.
b)
How is it better than the technique of plating on two plates having different
antibiotics
10
From the above diagram answer the following question

A) Name the restriction sites
b) what is Rop
c) Name two antibiotic resistance genes.
11
Study the figure given above and answer the following questions given below
What does the figure represent?
Name its three steps.
What is the source of DNA polymerase
ZIET Bhubaneswar20
12
Identify the figure and label any four parts .
Mark
Split
It cuts the DNA at specific site or specific recognition sequence.
Bacteria itself protect its own DNA by adding 1 or 2 methyl group at its bases in the
recognition sequence. As the DNA is modified, so cannot recognized by restriction
enzyme.
Separation and purification
Lysozyme and cellulase
Insertional inactivation
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and retrovirus
Restriction endonuclease b) DNA ligase c) Taq polymerase d)chitinase
+1/2
=1
+1/2
=1
1
+1/2
=1
1/2x4
=2
ZIET Bhubaneswar21
a) Insertional inactivation in which recombinants differ from nonrecombinants on the

1+1=2
basis of their ability to to produce colour in presence of chromogenic substrate. A rDNA is inserted
within the coding sequence of DNA, due to which it becomes inactive and unable to express. Nonrecombinants produce blue colour due to the chromogenic substance as the gene product (enzyme
Beta galactosidase) binds with the chromogenic substance.
b) simultaneous plating on two plates having two antibiotics is a cumbersome procedure
10 a)Hind III, BamH I, Sal I, Pvu II, Eco R I, , Pvu I
1x3=3
b)Rop codes for the protein involved in the replication of the plasmid
c) AmpR tetR
11 Polymerase chain reaction
1x3=3
Denaturation, annealing and extension
Thrermous aquaticus
12 Simple stirred tank bioreactor,acid-base pH control,motor, foam breaker, flat bladed

impellor, culture broth, sterile air
EXTRAS
1-Mention the related areas in Biotechnology and fill the boxes.
1+
1/2x4=3
ZIET Bhubaneswar22
Ans-
2-The stepsfor recombinant DNA formation are:
Answer:
ZIET Bhubaneswar23
3-
Answer-1-DNA fragments join at sticky ends, 2-Recombinant DNA
ZIET Bhubaneswar24
4-Mention the steps 1, 2,3 in a recombinant DNA technology given below.
Answer-1-VectorDNA(plasmid)
2-Ligases join foreign DNA to plasmid 3-Transformation
Q5-Mention 1, 2, 3 from the diagram
Ans-i-wells,ii-DNA bands,iii-Agarose gel
ZIET Bhubaneswar25
6-What is the difference between the two plasmid?
Ans-A-non recombinant B recombinant type Q7Name the following:
ZIET Bhubaneswar26
Ans-i-pallindromic sequence ii-Sticky end iii-Ori-Origin of

replication iv-Annealing of primers Q8-Complete the steps for
separation and isolation of DNA fragment.
Cutting of DNA by------------,During ----------------the DNA fragments move to----------- DNA fragments
separate in the matrix of-------------,and the -------------fragments move farther where as----------fragments
remain nearer. The DNA Fragments after staining are exposed to--------------,Fragments are extruded from
the gel piece,and is known as -------------.
Answer-Restriction endonuclease , Electrophoresis, anode, agarose ,smaller DNA ,larger DNA,UV
light, Elution.
Q9-Complete the mentioned part in the following PCR technique.
Answer-a. Denaturing
b. Annealing
c. Extension
d. Amplification
Q10-Lable the mentioned part and name the type3 of bioreactors given in the figure.
ZIET Bhubaneswar27
Q11-Applications of PCR technology:
Q12-Show the Stages in Downstream Processing(fill the gaps)
ZIET Bhubaneswar28
Removal of insolubles -------------------- Product Purification-----------------Ans- Removal of insoluble Product Isolation Product Purification Product Polishing
Q13-
Ans-
Recombinant plasmid
Test Paper: 12A
Prepared by:
Bhubaneswar Region
Chapter- 12
Time 30 min
Max Marks: 20
This QP contains 12 Questions. Q1-6 carries 1 mark each. Q 7-10 carries 2 marks each and Q 11-12 carries
3 marks each
1
Choose the right answer
Process of interference is applicable for
Prokaryotic organisms
Eukaryotic organisms
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms
None of the above
Why does Bt toxin not kill the bacteria in which it is present?
3
4
Name the vector through which nematode specific gene is introduced into the host
Give one difference between genetically modified insulin and natural insulin
1
Name the recombinant vaccine that is currently being used in vaccination
For which variety of Indian rice patent was made by a USA company?
With one example of each give one difference between therapeutic and diagnostic.
Name the transgenic cow. Which gene was introduced in this cow?
What is GEAC and what are its objectives?
10
Explain the steps of role of Bt toxin
11
A two years old baby is deficient in his immune system since birth. His father was
that this was due to an enzyme deficiency which is crucial for the immune
system to function.
1 plant
1 program?
1
2
2
3 told
ZIET Bhubaneswar29
A) Name the enzyme

b) The cause of its deficiency
c) The cure of the disease?
12
A method to present infestation of a nematode Meloidegyne incognitia on roots of 3 tobacco

is silencing the specific mRNA. What is the scientific name of the technique? How is this
performed by ds- RNA?
Mark
Split
Eukaryotic organisms
It exists as inactive pro-toxin
Agrobacterium vector
Genetically modified insulin has 2 peptides where as natural insulin has 3

peptides
Hepatitis B recombinant vaccine is used for vaccination of hepatitis virus
+=
1
1
Indian Basmati was crossed with semi-dwarf varieties and claimed as an

invention.
.
Therapeutics agent helps in the treatment of a disease where as diagnostic

technique identifies a disease.
Example of therapeutic s antibiotics for bacterial disease and diagnostic test
ELISA test for HIV
Rosie, gene for human lactaalbumin
1+1 =2
Genetic energy approval committee

Objective- a) examine validity of GMO research
Inspect the safety of introducing the GM for public services
1+1 =2
10
Bacillus thuriengiensis
produce incectidal toxin(pro-toxin)
consumed by insect
alkaline pH in gut activates the protoxin
soluble toxic protein binds to epithelial cell of mid gut
creates pores
cell swelling and lysis
death of insect
x6 =3
11
Adenosine deaminase
1+1+1=3
Defective gene/ deletion of gene that synthesize the enzyme which is

hereditary
Gene therapy
RNA interference (RNAi)

1+2=3
RNAi in all eukaryotic organisms involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a
complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to prevents translation of the mRNA
(silencing). The source of this complementary could be virus having RNA genome or
transposones. Through Agrobacterium vectors, nematode specific genes are introduced
12
1+1 =2
ZIET Bhubaneswar30
into the host plant.The DNA produces both sense and anti-sense RNA in host cells. The
two RNAs being complementaryform double stranded RNA and silence the specific mRNA.
EXTRAS
Q1- Mention the advantages of genetically modified Organisms
Advantages -i) More tolerant to stresses (heat, cold, drought).

ii) Pest resistants GM crops, reduce the use of Chemical pesticides. Eg- BT-Cotton
iii) Reduced post harvest losses. Eg- Flavr savr tomato.
iv) Enhance nutritional value of food. Eg- Golden Rice (Vitamin A enriched).
Q2-
Complete the basic steps to create GMO

(i)---------------------------with desired gene
(ii)--------------------------- into host
(iii) -------------------------into progeny
Ans (i) Identification of DNA
(ii) Introduction of DNA
(iii) Transfer of DNA
ZIET Bhubaneswar31
Q3 lines of treatment of ADA deficiency disease are i------------ ii--------- iii----------Ans

1] Bone marrow transplantation
2] Enzyme replacement theory
3] Gene therapy
Q4-Write the missing steps in its proper sequence for producing nematode resistant
tobacco plant based on RNAi
Ans -a- isolation of nematode specific gene cProduction of sense and antisense RNA in the host.
d- Formation of dsRNA
f- Silencing of specific m-RNA of the nematode g- host expresses
the interfering RNA h- Parasite cannot survive and host (tobacco)
plant is protected. Q5-Name the parts mentioned in the formation
of matured insulin
ZIET Bhubaneswar32
Ans
a-Alpha chain-Beta chain-Disulphide link, d-Matured insulin Q6Reason for production of transgenic animals are:
Ans - b-Study of disease, d-Vaccine safety, e -Chemical safety testing
Test Paper: 13A
Chapter- 13
Time 30 min
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Max Marks: 20

Ecology consists of organisms, populations _________ and ___________.
ZIET Bhubaneswar33
2
In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the gradually increasing
1 average
global temperatures. If this trend continues, would you expect the distributional range of some species to
be affected?
6
7
If resources are available in plenty ,which type of growth curve is seen?

a
Population Density
d
3
4
5
Label a, b, c and d from the diagram.

N1= N0+ (B+I) _ (D+E) .In the given equation what will happen if a change is seen in B.
If in a pond there are 20 lotus plants in the last year and it becomes 28 in the next
year due to reproduction. Calculate the birth rate.
Archaebacteria live in hot springs and deep sea hydrothermal vents that exceeds 100
.How is this possible?
1
1
1
1
2
a.
b.
Why is temperature considered to be the most relevan abiotic factor that

influences life of organisms?
During global warming which type of organism can cope up better
eurythermal or stenothermal? Why?
ZIET Bhubaneswar34
Regulaters
Internal
level
External level
a. Lable a and b in the given diagram.
b. Which one of the animal group shows more adaptability.
10
11
12
Why are small birds like Humming birds not found in polar regions? Explain.
Biomass is a more meaningful l measure of population size. Explain with an example
Starfish is an important predator.When we remover starfish from an enclosed intertidal
area. A. What will be the effect of it? Why ?
Mark Split

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Communities and Biomes

Yes.
B is directly proportional to N1
8/20
Adaptation
Sigmoid curve
a. Immigration b. Natality c. Mortality d. Emigration
8
9
10
11
a. Affect enzyme activity b. Eurythermal , greater adaptability

a. conformers and Partial regulators. b.Conformers
Maximum heat loss due to small body surface
Percentage cover by a single individual is more meaningful than number
of individual s of different specices. Banyan tree and Parthenium
Invertebrate become extinct , Inter specific competition(explain)
12
Test Paper: 14A
Chapter- 14
Time 30 min
2
3
3
1/2+1/2
1
1
1
1
1
1/2 +1/2
+1/2 +1/2
1+1/2+1/2
1/2+1/2+1
1+1
2+1/2+1/2
1+ 2
Prepared by:
Guwahati Region
Max Marks: 20
1
2
3

Earthworms are known as farmers friend. Can we also consider them as detriovore . If
yes, how?
Vertical distribution of species in a forest is known as .
Vegetation of an area depands upon its soil type. How?
1
1
1
ZIET Bhubaneswar35
4
5
6
7
Moist and warm climate favour decomposition.Justify in one sentence.

Phosphorus cycle is sedimentary in nature . Why?
Name the pioneer species of xerarch condition.
Grass
Grass hopper
Frog
Snake
Peacock. If grass gets 10,000kj
energy from the sun then how much energy will get by the peacock and Why?
1
1
1
2
2
PP
PC
a. Identify the given pyramid.
b. When does it occur. Give one example.
9
Description of ecological succession usually focuses on changes in vegetation or more 2

than one aspect . If yes, than write the other aspect.
Mostly food chains will starts from green plants, but one exception is also their. A.
2
Identify the one. B. Writes its role.
Give an account of factors affecting the rate of decomposition.
3
Human activities have significantly influenced the carbon cycle . Justify the statement. 3
Mark
Split
10
11
12
1
2
3
Yes , as they decompose soil in to fine particles (humus)

Stratification
Different vegetations grow on different types of soil as requirement is
different.
As they enhance the activity of soil microbes.
As it found in the form of sediment in ocean .
Lichen
1 kj according to 10% law.
a. Inverted b .Number of individuals increase in higher trophic level.
Pyramid of biomass in sea.
Yes, Food, Shelter, number and type of animals , and decomposer
Detritus food chain. Cleaner of ecosystem.
Temperature , soil and chemical nature of detritus.(explain)
Urbanisation and
industrialization ( any other
relevant factors and explain
)
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Test Paper: 15A
Chapter- 15
Time 30 min
1
1
1
1
1
1
1+1
1+1
2
1+1
1+1+1
3
Prepared
by: Silchar
Region
Max Marks: 20
ZIET Bhubaneswar36
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Which of the following is not a major characteristic feature of biodiversity hot spots?
1
a. Large number of species
b. Abundance of endemic species
c. Large number of exotic species
d. Destruction of habitat
Two hot spots of India are ____________ and ________________.
1
The Amazon rainforest is reffered to as lungs of the planet. Mention any one human
1
activity which causes loss of biodiversity in this reason.
1
Match the animals given in column A with their location in column B:
Column A
Column B
(i) Dodo
(a) Africa
(ii) Quagga
(b) Russia
(iii) Thylacine
(c) Mauritius
(iv) Stellar's sea cow
(d) Australia
Why is genetic variation important in the plant Rauwolfia vomitoria?
1
How conservation of species in wildlife sanctuaries is different from in zoological parks?
1
Evil Quartet are the four main reasons of biodiversity loss. Name these.
2
Water logging and soil salinity are some of the problems that have come in the wake of
2
the Green Revolution. Discuss their causes and adverse effects to the environment.
List any two features that make a stable biological community.
2
What is the association between the bumble bee and its favorite orchid, Ophyrus? How2
extinction of one would affect the other?
There is greater biodiversity in tropical /subtropical regions than in temperate region.
3
Explain why?
Alien species are highly invasive and are a threat to indigenous species.
3
Substantiate this statement with any two examples.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Mark
Split
C
Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya (ant two)
Cutting and clearing for cultivating the forest soya beans or for conversion to
grasslands for raising beef cattle.
i-c, ii-a, iii-d, iv-b
Because they produce different type of reserpine in terms of the potency and
concentration of the active chemical (reserpine).
Insitu and exsitu conservation.
Habitat loss, over exploitation, alien species invasion, co extinction.
1
X2=1
1
Water logging draws salt to the surface of the soil. The salt then is deposited as a
thin crust on the land surface or starts collecting at the roots of the plants. This
increased salt content is inimical to the growth of crops and is extremely
damaging to agriculture.
1+1=2
1
1
1
X4=2
ZIET Bhubaneswar37
It should not show too much variation in productivity from year to year, resistant
or resilient to occasional disturbances (natural or man-made), resistant to
invasions by alien species. (any two)
Mutualism or pollinator, second will extinct also. ( co-extinction)
(a)tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed for millions of years
and thus, had a long evolutionary time for species diversification (b) are less
seasonal (c)There is more solar energy available in the tropics, which contributes
to higher productivity
When alien species are introduced unintentionally or deliberately for whatever
purpose, some of them turn invasive, and cause decline or extinction of
indigenous species. Example -The Nile perch , carrot grass(Parthenium), Lantana
and water hyacinth (Eicchornia),the African catfish Clarias gariepinus .
10
11
12
Test Paper: 16A
Chapter- 16
Time 30 min
1+1=2
1+1=2
1X3=3
1+2=3
Prepared
by: Silchar
Region
Max Marks: 20
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Nuisance growth of aquatic plants and bloom-forming algae in natural 1 waters is
generally due to high concentrations of: a. carbon
b. sulphur
c. calcium
d. phosphorus
CNG is ___________________.
Expand FOAM.
Write the unit used for measuring ozone thickness.
Ozone is good as well as bad for living organisms. Comment.
Why should motor vehicles, equipped with catalytic converter use unleaded petrol?
Match the following
COLUMN A
COLUMN B
i. Environment Protection Act
A. 1974
ii. Air Prevention & Control of Pollution Act
B. 1987
iii. Water Act C. 1986
iv. Amendment of Air Act to include noise
D. 1981
What is hybrid vehicle technology? Explain the advantages with a suitable example?
Is it true that if the dissolved oxygen level drops to zero the water will become septic?
Give an example which could lower the dissolved oxygen content of an aquatic body.
Name any one of the green house gases and its possible source of production on a large scale.
What are the harmful effects of it?
Concentration of DDT is increased at successive trophic levels. Name this phenomenon.
What will be the consequences of it in the fish eating birds?
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
ZIET Bhubaneswar38
12
Write a short note on electronic waste. List the various sources of e- wastes and the
problems associated with the disposal of e-waste.
Value Points / Marking Scheme

Chapter: 3
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
d
Compressed natural gas
Friends of the Arcata Marsh
Dobson unit.
In troposphere it harms plants and animals so bad and in stratosphere, and it acts
as a shield absorbing ultraviolet so good.
Because lead in the petrol inactivates the catalyst.
i-C, ii-D, iii-A, iv-B
Vehicles running on dual mode like petrol and CNG are hybrid vehicle. As CNG is a
green fuel there is conservation of fossil fuels and reduction in the environmental
pollution.
Yes, the water becomes septic if the dissolved oxygen drops to zero. Organic
pollution (biodegradable) is an example.
CO2 and Methane. CO2 levels are increasing due to burning of fossil fuels, leading
to Global Warming.
Biomagnification, In fish-eating birds high concentrations of DDT disturb calcium
metabolism in birds, which causes thinning of eggshell and their premature
breaking, eventually causing decline in bird populations.
Discarded unusable electronic gadgets such as computers, mobile phones, circuits,
television sets, etc., form electronic waste. These contain harmful toxic substances
like heavy metals to which the unskilled manual workers are directly exposed.
Mark
Split
1
1
1
1
1
1
X4=2
1+1=2
1+1=2
1+1=2
1+2=3
1X3=3
Impressions
1
It is well known that teachers are National Builders, and this
idea was strengthened during the 3 day workshop held at KV Khanapara, under
the aegis of ZIET, Bhubaneshwar. The entire programme was well framed and
executed under the able guidance of Dr. Abhijit Saha, from ZIET Bhubaneswar.
The energy and enthusiasm of each participant was worth watching.
I extend my heartiest thanks to Mrs. Dolly Das, Principal, KV Khanapara and her
entire staff for providing a congenial environment for conducting the programme.
Here we came to know the different aspects of knowing our strength and
weaknesses and act accordingly. We were made aware about various teaching
methodologies to cope up with changing syllabus.
Mr. Chandan Roy, PGT(Bio.), KV Khanapara informed us
about the various fields in which biology students can make a mark. He insisted
that the constant evaluation and improvement of the students will surely help in
bringing about the true success of the subject Biology. We prepared various Value
based questions, HOTs, Questionnaires, etc., which were divided unit-wise and
assigned to each of the regions separately. It was worthwhile that we did our task
in best possible way and were regularly appreciated by our Respected Resource
Persons. Thus at the end of these fruitful days we learned to perform as a team,
get the best of the available resources and the respect to our subject.
By- Dr. Rajesh Verma
PGT(Biology)
KV, Kailashahar
Silchar Region
2
I take this opportunity here to express my impressions on the THREE DAYS
WORKSHOP FOR PGT(BIOLOGY)
ON IMPROVEMENT OF RESULTS. The
workshop was conducted in a conducive atmosphere where ample opportunity

was given to express our ideas and share our views regarding different aspects
of Biology and how to improve the results of class XII Biology in AISSCE 2014.
In this connection I would like to express my gratitude to the course Coordinator
Dr. A. Saha and other resource persons.
The facility provided in the venue was excellent and it helped us to concentrate
better without any problem. The venue Principal Mrs. DOLLY DAS deserves a
special mention.
At last I would like to thank the Director, ZIET BHUBANESWAR for conducting
such workshops which ultimately will help the students a great deal.
N. MAJHI
GROUP LEADER
PGT(BIO), KV HPCL JAGIROAD
GUWAHATI REGION
3
It is a great opportunity for me to be a part of the Workshop on Improvement of Board
result for Class XII,2014 , & feel pleasure to represent as a group leader of Kolkata
region.
I appreciate the innovative planning & effort imparted by Dr. Abhijit Saha, Resource
Person, ZIET, Bhubaneswar for implementation towards improvement in performance of
students of Class XII.
The work module is excellently framed which will be effective teaching tool for making the
student learn in an interesting as well as knowledge based manner.
Concept map for small portions will help students in easy grasping of important points of
text.
Worksheets are very effective learning tool for self-evaluation of student to identify
important areas of the chapter.
The main objective of the workshop will be highly effective for teachers in improving board
result for class XII in forthcoming examination 2014.
I express my indebtedness to KVS RO Kolkata for selecting the team for being a part of
the mission & contribute towards reaching the goal successfully. I also express my
sincerest thanks to the venue Principal & all staff members of K. V. Khanapara for their
cooperation for completion of the work successfully.
Group Leader :
Mrs. S. Banerjee PGT, Biology, K. V. Burdwan
4
The 03 days workshop held at Kendriya Vidyalaya Khanapara Guwahati from
23-07-2013 to 25-07 2013 was praiseworthy. In these three days we have learnt a lot of
information about the preparation of variety of questions and modules which will not only
become a ready reference to us but also helps the students to get an overall details of different
modules to prepare for the board examination. This type of workshop is essential for the
improvement of the results of AISSCE. The workshop also provides us to interact with teachers
from different corners of the country and share the ideas and knowledge amongst each other
which will facilitate us to increase our potentiality and capacity in the field of learning as well as
for the children to improve their result. We are thankful to ZIET Bhubaneswar and their team of
organizers to arrange such type of programme.
Thanking You
Participants of
Bhubaneswar Region
Three day workshop was conducted from 23.7.13 To 25.7.13 at K.V.Khanapara Guwahati .As
participants our feedback are as following1. Course was conducted in a nice manner under the guidance of venue principal Mrs. Dolly Das
and resource persons Mr. Abhijit Saha, Mr.Chandan Roy and Mrs.Pranamita Debnath.
2. Course was highly informative and useful for Biology Teachers.
3. The facilities provided including refreshment for the course was of good Quality.
Group Leader,
Ranchi Region
6
Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan is committed to provide quality education to all the strata of
our society by using the best manpower available in the teaching arena of India. But there
is a common saying that there is nothing so good, which cannot be made better. Keeping the
novelty of this common saying in mind several ZIET have been established by KVS in
widespread geographical background of India. ZIET Bhubaneswar is one of the most juvenile
ZIET established under the aegis of KVS, but its extraordinarily brilliant work for the cause
of educational development has made it mature within a short time. We, the 33 PGT Biology
participants from six different regions of KVS attended the 3-Days Workshop on AISSCE2014 Biology Result improvement conducted by ZIET Bhubaneswar at KV Khanapara
Guwahati from 23/07/2013 to 25/07/2013. The sessions were scientifically designed and
systematically planned. We prepared the wonderful materials on Biology for class-XII to
cater the need of all groups of students studying in class XII of different KVs. The
workshop extracted out the best within us and also inculcated the value of team spirit among
us. The ambience and infrastructural facilities provided by KV Khanapara Guwahati is
awesome. The friendly approach of resource persons overwhelmed all of us. We thank all of
them for everything and wish this workshop to be continued in future years too. S K Ojha,
PGT Bio
KV RRL Jorhat Group
Leader
Tinsukia Region
Manual Compiled by Dr. Abhijit Saha, PGT (Bio) ZIET Bhubaneswar

Study Material Management Mr. Chandan Roy and Mrs. Pranamita Debnath, KV Khanapara
Photography Dr. Abhijit Saha & Mr. Chandan Roy
Produded by
ZIET Bhubaneswar
2013-14

Biology Improvement of Class XII Result 2014

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Biology Improvement of Class XII Result 2014

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Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan New Delhi

Reference Manual cum

Improvement of Class XII Board

23-25 July 2013

Kendriya Vidyalaya, Khanapara

Homo sapiens sapiens

Homo sapiens neanderthalensis

Early Homo sapiens

ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, Bhubaneswar

Co-Ordinator & Resource Person

Mrs. Pranamita Debnath

Progress Monitoring sheet

Value based questions

From the Directors Desk

Academics is an important part of any school and Kendriya

USHA ASWATH IYER

The Resource Persons said .

Dr. Abhijit Saha,

A. Iyer , Deputy Commissioner and

Bhubaneswar, for choosing me

Course Director ZIET,

as one of the Resource Persons in the three day

Workshop for Improvement of Board Results in Biology conducted in Kendriya

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ATTENDED

Name of the Teacher

MR. VIRENDRA KUMAR

MR. S.K. OJHA

MR. RAJU DEY

MR. RAJESH VERMA

MR. H.S. YADAV

MS. NANDITA HORO

MR. SANJAY NARAYAN

MR. SUJIT MALO

NO.2 SVN VIZAG

MRS. SANJUKTA RATH

MR. A.K. SAHOO

MR. M.R. TRIPATHY

MRS SOMA BANERJEE

MR. S.K. OJHA

MR. RAJU DEY

KVS - ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR

23-25 July 2013

Registration (9.00-10.00 a.m.)

Inauguration 10.00 -10.30 a.m.) Aims

and Objectives of the Workshop by

Practical application (45 min)

Improving Results of Slow Learner:

Concept mapping (Discussion 30 min)

Discussion: Graphs and diagrams (30

(30 min) SWOT analysis (30 min)

& Practical application (30 min)

min) Group work on the topic (30 min)

Identification of areas within

HOTS and Value Base Qn.

(15 min) and Preparing WS (60 min)

Discussion: Preparing Work sheets

Fast memory Techniques (45 min)

Group Formation and Distribution of

Discussion: Chapter wise Performance

analysis (30 min) Submission of

Group Work (Completion of task )

todays work (20 min)

KVS - ZONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING, BHUBANESWAR