North American Stainless

Long Products Stainless Steel Grade Sheet

416 (S41600)
INTRODUCTION
Type 416 is high-hardenability martensitic, 12 per cent chromium stainless steel, which is
magnetic in all conditions. It contains high sulfur as a free-machining additive. It can be
hardened by heat treatment and then can be tempered to meet a wide range of mechanical
properties.

PRODUCTS AVAILABLE
Round Bars. See product sheet for dimensions, tolerances, finishes available and other
details.

Standard Chemical Composition

Elements
UNS
S41600

C
416

MN

SI

0.15

Min
Max

0.15

1.25

CR
12.00

0.060

1.00

14.00

Nominal Mechanical Properties

Condition
Annealed & Cold
Finished
Hardened and
Tempered @ 1200F

Tensile
Strength
ksi[MPa]
90[620]

Yield
Strength
ksi[MPa]
80[550]

%
Elongation
4d
15

%
Reduction
in Area
50

Hardness
HB

110[760]

85[585]

18

55

225

190

HEAT TREATMENT
FULL ANNEALING: Metal should be heated to 1550F1650F, held for hour per
inch of thickness and furnace cooled to 50F per hour maximum to 1100F, then cooled
in air, water or oil.
HARDENABILITY: It can be hardened to Rockwell C35 minimum by air cooling or oil
quenching from 1750F1850F. Oil quenching is preferred for better impact properties.
TEMPERING: After hardening, tempering in the range of 400F1400F for from 1 to 4
hours will allow the steel to meet a wide range of mechanical properties. Tempering in

the range of 750F1075F is generally not recommended because of reduced corrosion

resistance and impact strength.
CORROSION RESISTANCE: Its corrosion resistance is inferior to that of other 430
ferritic stainless steel and in severe corrosive conditions will require additional
protection.
Maximum corrosion resistance is developed in the hardened condition but the surface
must be free from scale and foreign matter to prevent galvanic corrosion. It is
recommended to passive after final fabrication.
HEAT RESISTANCE: Type 416 has fair resistance to scaling and is sometimes used for
burner parts. Scaling temperatures in air are 1400F for intermittent use and 1250F for
continuous use.
COLD WORKABILITY: Type 416 can withstand only minor cold-working operation
and is not recommended for parts requiring severe cold forming.
HOT WORKABILITY: It is inferior to other grades but can be forged. The temperature
should not exceed 2200F and should not be below 1700F. Simple forgings can be air
cooled but heavy or more complex shapes must be equalized at about 1300F and furnace
cooled.
MACHINABILITY: This grade has high machinability.
WELDING: High sulfur grades are generally not recommended to be fusion welded. If
welded, a preheating and post heating are required to prevent cracking.

DISCLAIMER
The material contained in this Web Page/Sheet has been designed as a guide for
customers of North American Stainless. However, the material contained herein is not
intended as a substitute for any persons procedures and should not be used or relied upon
for any specific or general application without first obtaining competent advice.
Furthermore, North American Stainless disclaims any responsibility for the suitability of
the steel in question for any particular purpose or for the performance or selection of the
steel, unless North American Stainless specifically authorizes the purpose or selection.
The material contained in this Web Page/Sheet does not purport to be a comprehensive or
exhaustive statement of all relevant material applicable to special and general steel
products and no representation, condition or warranty, express or implied, is given by
North American Stainless as to the accuracy or completeness of this Web Page/Sheet and,
so far as is permitted by law, North American Stainless, its members, staff and
consultants disclaim any duty of care in relation to the preparation of this Web
Page/Sheet and the information that it contains and shall not be liable for any direct,
indirect or consequential loss, damage or injury suffered by any person, howsoever
caused as a result of relying on any statement in or omission to this Web Page/Sheet and
any such liability is expressly disclaimed. North American Stainless shall not be liable in
the event of a breakdown, malfunction or failure occurring due to faulty design, material

or workmanship of the steel, whether based on the information contained herein or not,
and shall not, under any circumstances, be liable for any damages, either direct or
indirect, particularly consequential damages, including but not limited to damages for
loss of profits.