Community based training program

Factors predespond malnutrition of children less than five years

Chapter One: Introduction
Malnutrition is a state of nutrition in which a deficiency or excess (or imbalance) of energy,
protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue / body form (body shape,
size and composition) and function and clinical outcome. The term malnutrition does include
obesity,

however

BAPEN

is

focused

on

the

problem

of

under

nutrition.

Malnutrition happens when the food a person eats does not give them the nutrients they need to
maintain good health.
Malnutrition commonly occurs when someone does not eat enough food (sub-nutrition). It can
also occur if a person has a poor diet that gives them the wrong balance of the basic food groups.
It is possible for an obese person whose diet consists mainly of fast food to be malnourished
because the type of food they eat lacks the nutrients that their body requires.
An inadequate diet can also lead to a person having a deficiency of one or more vitamins,
minerals or other essential substances, which can lead to conditions such as scurvy Not all food
is balanced food. It is important that we eat food that has all the necessary nutrients for a
balanced development. Balanced foods must, therefore, contain energy, which the body needs to
work with. It must also contain proteins, which is also needed for muscle development and
maintenance. It is also crucial to have vitamins and minerals that help the body to heal and fight
off

infections

and

diseases.

The first and most crucial is called Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM). This, as the
name suggests is the lack of glucose and proteins in foods. This is a more dangerous type and it
is typical in almost all areas of hunger in the world. It is more lethal because every body part and
senses need chemical energy to work. This energy comes from the calories we take in, in the
form of carbohydrates and starch. damage WHO and FAO recommend a minimum daily intake
of 400g of fruits and vegetables (excluding potatoes and other starchy tubers); levels lower than
this are thought to increase the risk of chronic diseases. Sadly, many places with malnutrition
also have poor water supply and waste disposal and tend to be in disease-prone areas.
Malnourished children, therefore, easily fall victim to infections and viruses, as their bodies

cannot

fight

infections. Why

are

micronutrients

important?

Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals. About 2 billion people in the world are afflicted by the
lack of micronutrients. According to the World Health Organization, deficiencies of iron, vitamin
A, and zinc rank among the top ten leading causes of death through disease in deve
BACKGROUND
Every year, authors, journalists, teachers, researchers, schoolchildren and students ask us for
statistics about hunger and malnutrition. To help answer these questions, we've compiled a list of
useful facts and figures on world hunger.
Some 795 million people in the world do not have enough food to lead a healthy active life.
That's about one in nine people on earth.
The vast majority of the world's hungry people live in developing countries, where 12.9 percent
of the population is undernourished.
Asia is the continent with the most hungry people - two thirds of the total. The percentage in
southern Asia has fallen in recent years but in western Asia it has increased slightly.
Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest prevalence (percentage of population) of
hunger. One person in four there is undernourished.
Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45%) of deaths in children under five - 3.1 million children
each year.
One out of six children -- roughly 100 million -- in developing countries is underweight.
One in four of the world's children are stunted. In developing countries the proportion can rise to
one

in

If women farmers had the same access to resources as

three.
men, the number of

hungry in the world could be reduced by up to 150 million.

66 million primary school-age children attend classes hungry across the developing world, with
23 million in Africa alone.
WFP calculates that US$3.2 billion is needed per year to reach all 66 million hungry school-age
children

OBJECTIVEES

GENERAL OBJECTIVEES: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the level of
malnutrition and the impact of some socio-economic and demographic factors of households on
the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age
To know the factors that predispose malnutrition under five years:

Specific objectives
To know the most factors that causes malnutrition under five years.
To know high risk group of malnutrition.
To know how to preventive malnutrition and their management.
To identify and determine determinant of child malnutrition in study area
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Increase morbidity and mortality caused by mal nutrition Most of family have more
than five children

which is

difficult to

balance

their

food.

Poverty. Poor families and farmers often lack the funds to acquire high yield seeds, equipment,
and poor management of government agriculture. .most mothers dont have any clue about how
to balance diet for their children .
Lack of education for mother about her children of feeding and the food.

Previous assessment
8 February 2016 According to a new United Nations food security and nutrition assessment,
the situation in Somalia is alarming and could get worse, especially in parts of Punt land and
Somaliland, which have been hard hit by drought exacerbated by El Nio.
We are deeply concerned that the proportion of severely food insecure people remains
alarmingly high, especially people who are unable to meet their daily food needs. Some 3.7
million people will be acutely food insecure through mid-2016. With severe drought conditions
intensifying in Punt land and Somaliland, many more people risk relapsing into crisis, said Peter
de Clercq, the Humanitarian Coordinator for Somalia, in a press release.
Produced by the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit (FSNAU) managed by the UN Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and in collaboration with Famine Early Warning Systems
Network (FEWS NET), the report says the situation is critical and could get worse.
This latest assessment confirms persistently high and alarming levels of food insecurity and
malnutrition in Somalia, with an estimated 4.7 million people nearly 40 per cent of the Somali
population in need of humanitarian assistance. Nearly 950,000 of these people are acutely food

insecure and struggle every day to meet their food needs. Internally displaced people make up
more than two thirds, or 68 per cent, of acutely food insecure people and are in dire need of
assistance.

Demographic
Date___________
Name______________________________
Age________________
Sex___________________
Income ___________________________
1.Does your husband work?
Yes

No

2.How many children do you have?

One

two

three

four

more

3. How many years between your children?

One yr

two yr

three yr

four yr

4. Do you remember the weight of your child when he or she

born?
Yes

No

5. what kind of milk do you give your child?

Breast only

animal milk

formula

6. Do you think breastfeeding is important ?

Yes

No

7.Do you give your child breastfeeding?

Yes

No

8. how many time do you give breastfeeding per day?

One time

two times

tree times

9. Do you give exclusive breastfeeding ?

Yes

No

10. How often do like breastfeeding to your baby?

6 month

one yr

two yr

11. has any person to motivate you about breastfeeding?

Yes

No

12. Do you have any concept about malnutrition?

13. when do you start giving food to your baby?
4 months

5 months

6 months

14. Do you have concept about what call balance?

Yes

No

15. Do you give your child balance good?

Yes

No

16. Do you have any clue what causes malnutrition?

Yes

No

17. have you ever seen a child who is suffering malnutrition in

your village?

Yes

No

18. Do you related your baby any health care?

Yes

No

19. how many time do you related there?

One time

two times

more then

20. how many times survive your baby diarrhea?

One time

two times

more then

21.Do you think vaccination is important ?

Yes

No

22. How many time do you give your children vaccination?

23. Did you get enough water every day?
24 where did you get it?
25. Do you think the water you get is clean?

CHAPTER TWO

WORK PLANNING

Time table
Activity
Organized of group
Selection of Title
Selection of site
Finical planning
Writing first chapter
Writing questioner
We went to Gabiley
(MCH)

Date
13-07-16
14-07-16
16-07-16
19-07-16
20-07-16
23-07-16
28-07-16