ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING

Materials and Components

- Section 5 1.

Assertion (A): Intrinsic resistivity of silicon is lower than that of germanium.

Reason (R): Magnitude of free electron concentration in germanium is more than that of
silicon.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option D

2.

The units for r are

A.
Farads
B.
Farads/m

C.
D.
no units
Answer: Option D
Explanation: r is only a numeric. Hence no units.
The real part of complex dielectric constant and tan for a dielectric are 2.1 and 5 x 104
at 100 Hz respectively. The imaginary part of dielectric constant at 100 Hz is
A.
1.05 x 10-3
B.
2.1 x 10-3
C.
5 x 10-3
D.
1.05 x 10-2
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
3.

4.

A copper atom is neutral. Its core has a net charge of

A.
0
B.
+1
C.
-1
D.
+2
Answer: Option B

5.

As the temperature of semiconductor is increased

A.
the average number of free charge carriers decreases
B.
the average number of free charge carriers increases
C.
the average number of free charge carriers remains the same
D.
the average number of free charge carriers may increase or decrease
Answer: Option B
Explanation: As temperature increases, conductivity of semi- conductors increases.

6.

In anti-ferromagnetic materials, the graph of susceptibility versus temperature shows a

sharp maximum at a certain temperature. This temperature is known as
A.
Curie temperature
B.
Neel temperature

C.
Weiss temperature
D.
Bitter temperature
Answer: Option B

7.

A parallel plate capacitor has area of plate A and plate separation d. Its capacitance is
C. A metallic plate P of area A and negligible thickness is added as shown in Figure.
The new value of capacitance is

A.
C
B.
2C
C.
0.5 C
D.
0.25 C
Answer: Option A
Explanation: The new configuration has two capacitors in series and the capacitance of each
is 2C.
The wavelength of light emitted by GaAs laser is 8670 x 10 -10 m. If h = 6.626 x 10-34Js,
velocity of light = 3 x 108 m/s and eV = 1.602 x 10-19 J, the energy gap in GaAs is
A.
0.18 eV
B.
0.7 eV
C.
1.43 eV
D.
2.39 eV
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
8.

9.

Diamagnetic materials do not have permanent magnetic dipoles.

A.
True
B.
False
Answer: Option A

10.

A piece of copper and another piece of Germanium are cooled from 30C to 80 K. The
resistance of
A.
copper decreases and germanium increases
B.
both decreases
C.
both increases
D.
copper increases and germanium decreases
Answer: Option A
Explanation: As temperature is decreased, resistance of conductors decreases and
resistance of semiconductors increases.

11.

The direction of force an a conductor carrying current and lying in a magnetic field can
be found by using
A.
Fleming's left hand rule
B.
Fleming's right hand rule
C.
Cork screw rule
D.
Any of the above
Answer: Option A

12.

Assertion (A): Rochelle salt and Barium titanate are both ferroelectric.
Reason (R): Ferroelectric materials exhibit hysteresis effect.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Both the materials exhibit ferroelectric properties. Hysteresis effect is one of the
features of ferroelectric materials.

13.

The units for electric dipole moment are

A.
coulombs
B.
C.
coulomb/metre
D.
Answer: Option B
Explanation: It is product of charge and distance.

colomb-metre
coulomb/m2

14.

The temperature coefficient of resistivity of semiconductors is

A.
positive
B.
negative
C.
may be positive or negative
D.
very low
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Resistance of semiconductors decreases with increase in temperature.

15.

Which of the following is used in automatic control of street lights?

A.
Thermistor
B.
Photoconductor
C.
Transistor
D.
Varistor
Answer: Option B
A leaky dielectric has r = r' - jr". If a field E is applied, the current component in phase
with E is proportional to r".
A.
True
B.
False
Answer: Option A
16.

17.

Assertion (A): In ionic dielectrics, P = Pe + Pi.

Reason (R): In ionic crystals, permanent electric dipole moment is zero.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In ionic dielectrics p = i ei ri and Po = 0.
Therefore P = Pe + Pi.

18.

The current flow in a semiconductor is due to

A.
holes
B.
electrons
C.
holes and electrons
D.
holes, electrons and ions
Answer: Option C

19.

Assertion (A): Relative permittivity is determined by the atomic structure of the

material.
Reason (R): Absolute permittivity is determined by the atomic structure of the material.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option C

20.

Eddy current loss is

A.
proportional to frequency
B.
independent of frequency
C.
proportional to (frequency)2
D.
proportional to (frequency)3
Answer: Option C

21.

The dipole moment per unit volume P as a function of E for an insulator is

A.
P = 0 E(r)
B.
P = 0 E
C.
P = 0(r - 1) E

D.
P=
Answer: Option C

22.

A good dielectric should have

A.
low losses
B.
good heat conductivity
C.
high intrinsic strength
D.
all of the above
Answer: Option D

23.

Magnetic hysteresis phenomenon is explained by

A.
motion of domain walls
B.
motion of domain walls and domain rotation
C.
domain rotation
D.
none of the above
Answer: Option B

24.

If a metal specimen has n valence electrons per m3 each having charge e and
mass mand t is the relaxations time, the conductivity is
A.
B.
C.

D.
Answer: Option B

25.

The relation between thermal conductivity K (W/m/C), heat flow density Q (watt/m 2)
and dT/dx (C per metre) is
A.
Q = K(dT/dx)

B.
Q = - K(dT/dx)
C.
K = Q(dT/dx)
D.
dT/dx = - QK
Answer: Option B

26.

As per Matthiessen's rule, the total resistivity r of a conductor can be written

as r = ri+ aT, where ri and a are constants and T is absolute temperature. At very low
temperatures
A.
aT = 0
B.
aT > ri
C.
aT ri
D.
aT < ri
Answer: Option D
Explanation: At very low temperatures a T 0. Since resistivity has a finite value even at low
temperature, a T < ri.

27.

Consider the following statement: In case of a superconductor

1.
B=0
2.
r is high
3.
diamagnetism is high
4.
transition temperature varies with isotopic mass.
Of the above statements
A.
1 and 2 are correct
B.
2, 3, 4 are correct
C.
1, 3, 4 are correct
D.
2, 4 are correct
Answer: Option C

28.

Assertion (A): In liquids and glassy substances, dielectric losses occur.

Reason (R): The orientation polarization in many substances is frequency dependent.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option A

29.

A single layer air cored coil has n turns and inductance L. If a new coil is formed by
having 2n turns while keeping the coil length and diameter the same, the new
inductance is
A.
0.5 L
B.
L
C.
2L
D.
4L
Answer: Option D
Explanation: Inductance is proportional to square of number of turns.

30.

The colour code on a carbon resistor is yellow-violet-orange. The value of resistance is

A.
17000
B.
27000
C.
37000
D.
47000
Answer: Option D

A dielectric of relative permittivity r is subjected to a homogeneous electric field E. The

dipole moment P per unit volume is given by
A.
P = constant
B.
P = 0 E
C.
P = 0(r - 1) E
D.
P = r E
Answer: Option C
31.

32.

Which of these has the highest dielectric strength?

A.
Mica
B.
C.
Cotton
D.
Answer: Option A

33.

Air
Rubber

An electron in a metal suffers collision and if the probability of it being scattered over an
angle d is 2p P() sin d where P() is an arbitrary function of scattering angle ,
then
A.

2pP() sin d = 0

B.

2pP() sin d = 2

C.

2pP() sin d = -1

D.
2pP() sin d = 1
Answer: Option C

34.

For an insulating material, dielectric strength and dielectric losses should be

A.
high and high
B.
low and high
C.
high and low
D.
low and low
Answer: Option C
Explanation: An insulating material should have high dielectric strength and low losses.

35.

Consider the following statements

1.
An iron cored choke is non linear and passive device.
2.
A carbon resistor kept in sunlight is a time invariant and passive device.
3.
A dry cell is a time varying and active device.
4.
An air capacitor is time invariant and passive device.
Of these statements
A.
1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
B.
1, 2, 3 are correct
C.
1, 2, 4 are correct
D.
2 and 4 are correct
Answer: Option A

36.

Some ceramic materials become superconducting

A.
below liquid helium temperature
B.
between liquid helium and liquid nitrogen temperature
C.
above liquid nitrogen but below room temperature
D.
at room temperature
Answer: Option A

37.

Assertion (A): Doping level in extrinsic semiconductors is very small.

Reason (R): Additional of impurity in the ratio of 1 part in 10 8 parts increases the
number of charge carriers by about 20.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option A

38.

The core of an atom consists of

A.
nucleus
B.
nucleus and all orbits
C.
nucleus and inner orbits
D.
none of the above
Answer: Option C

39.

Assertion (A): Copper is a good conductor of electricity.

Reason (R): Copper has a face centred cubic lattice.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option B
Explanation: Conductivity does not depend on lattice structure.

40.

When a dielectric is subjected to an electric field E, each volume element of dielectric

can be considered to be carrying an electric dipole moment.
A.
True
B.
False
Answer: Option A
Assertion (A): In an intrinsic semiconductor J = (n x p)eni.
Reason (R): Intrinsic charge concentration ni at temperature T is given by ni2 = A0 T3eE /kT
G0 .
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option B
41.

42.

When the atom of rare gas is placed in an electric field the nucleus shifts from the
centre of electron cloud by an amount x. If the radius of electron cloud is R, then
A.
x << R
B.
x
0.5 R
C.
x 0.75 R
D.
xR
Answer: Option A

43.

Macroscopic quantities of a given material

A.
are absolutely constant
B.
are a function of temperature
C.
are a function of temperature, pressure field

D.
none of the above
Answer: Option D

44.

For a superconductor, the relative permeability is

A.
zero
B.
high
C.
low
D.
either low or high
Answer: Option A

45.

The relative permeability of a ferromagnetic material is

A.
1
B.
less than 1
C.
about 10
D.
1000 or more
Answer: Option D

46.

If v is velocity of electron, 0 is absolute permittivity, m is mass of electron, e is charge

on electron and r is the radius of orbit of electron in hydrogen atom, the stability of orbit
requires the following equation to be satisfied
A.
B.
C.

D.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Centrifugal force is equal to
and coulomb force is equal to
For stability they must be equal.

Assertion (A): The equation D = 0rE is applicable only to isotropic materials.

Reason (R): In polycrystalline materials, the directional effects are absent.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option B
47.

Assertion (A): For a dielectric, P = 0(r - 1) E.

Reason (R): Dipole moment per unit volume is called polarization of dielectric.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The two statements are correct but independent of each other.
48.

49.

Assertion (A): Ferrites are very useful at very high frequencies.

Reason (R): Ferrites have high permeability and high resistivity.
A.
Both A and R are true and R is correct explanation of A
B.
Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A
C.
A is true but R is false
D.
A is false but R is true
Answer: Option A

50.

In a conductor the current flow is due to

A.
holes
B.
electrons
C.
ions
D.
electrons and ions
Answer: Option B