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AllowableStress

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Stress

AllowableStress
X:Strongaxis
Y:Weakaxis
Z:Primaryaxis

Variable
Description

Rotationangleforprincipalaxesofanglesection

Crosssectionalarea

Af

Areaofcompressionflange.

As

Shearareafortubularmemberpipe

Asx

Xshearareaofprismaticmember

Asy

Yshearareaofprismaticmember

Widthofmember(bd)

b0

Distancefromneutralaxistoedgeofweb:

be

Effectivewidthofstructuraltubingmember

bf

Widthofflange.

Cb

Bendingcoefficientdependentuponmomentgradient(sectionF).

Cc

Columnslendernessratioseparatingelasticandinelasticbuckling(sectionE).

Cmx,
Cmx

Coefficientappliedtobendingtermininteractionequation(sectionH).

Depthofmember(db)

Modulusofelasticity

E0

Distanceoftheshearcenterfromcenterlineofwebforchannel:
E0=e0+tw/2

Fa

Maximumallowablecompressivestress

Fb

Maximumallowablebendingstress

Fbx

Maximumallowablestrongaxisbendingstress

Fby

Maximumallowableweakaxisbendingstress

Fex,Fey

Eulerstressforaprismaticmemberdividedbyfactorofsafety.

Ft

Maximumallowabletensilestress

Fy

Yieldstress

Maximumallowableshearstress

fa

Computedaxialstress(eithertensionorcompression,bothtakenaspositive)

fb

Computedbendingstress(takenasapositivequantity)

fbx

Computedstrongaxisbendingstress

fby

Computedweakaxisbendingstress

fx

ComputedshearstressinXdirection

fy

ComputedshearstressinYdirection

CleardistancebetweenflangesinIshapedmembers:
h=d2tf

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AllowableStress

Ix,Iy

Momentsofinertiaaboutprincipalaxes

Iu,Iv

Momentsofinertiaaboutprincipalaxesofanglesectionmember

Effectivelengthfactorforprismaticmember

Distancebetweencrosssectionsbracedagainsttwistorlateraldisplacementofthecompressionflange.

Lb

Laterallyunsupportedlengthofthecompressionflange.

Lc

Maximumunbracedlengthofthecompressionflange.

LxLy

LinXandYdirections

M1,M2

Smallerandlargermomentatendofunbracedlength,respectively.

Axialforceload

Governingradiusofgyration

rT

Radiusofgyrationofasectioncomprisingthecompressionflangeplus1/3ofthecompressionwebarea,
takenaboutanaxisintheplaneoftheweb

rx,ry

Radiusofgyrationaboutprincipalaxes.

Thickness

tf

Thicknessofflange

U,V

Principalaxesofanglesectionmember

u,v

Distancesfromprincipalaxes

x,y

Offsetsofcentroidofanglesection

AllowableStresses:
Xisthestrongaxis,andYistheweakaxisforallIshapedandmembersandchannels.Teescanhaveeitheraxisastheir
strongaxis.

1.StrongAxisBendingStress
Membersloadedalongtheirweakaxis,Y(bentabouttheirstrongaxis,X).
ThismaximumallowablestrongaxisbendingstressisreferredtoasFbinthissection.
Twocategoriesareconsidered:
I.Ishapedmembers,teesandchannels
II.Pipesandstructuraltubing,includingsquareandrectangularductsandpipes
1.A.Memberswithcompactsections:

CategoryI.Ishapedmembers,teesandchannelsSectionF1.1
Includesteeswithcompactflanges.
TeesloadedalongthenXaxisarenotconsidered,inthiscodecheck.
Applicable to all Ishaped and members and channels, and tees with Ixx > Iyy. Tees with Ixx Iyy are not
consideredincodecheck.
Theallowablebendingstressis

Fb=0.66Fy

(F11)

withtheconstraintthatLbLc,whichisgivenbythesmallerof:

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AllowableStress

(F12)

CategoryII.PipesandstructuraltubingSectionF3.1

Theallowablebendingstressis

Fb=0.66Fy

(F31)

subjecttothefollowingconditions:
Rectangularmemberscannothaveadepthgreaterthan6timesthewidth.
LbLc,whereLcisgivenby

(F32)

except,thatLcneednotbelessthan1200(b/Fy),M1isthesmallerandM2isthelargestbendingmomentsaboutthe
endsoftheunbracedlength,takenaboutthestrongaxis.

1.B.Memberswithnoncompactsections:
Must satisfy constraint, Lb Lc (F12) or (F32), including that rectangular members cannot have a depth
greaterthan6timesthewidth.
Includesteeswithnoncompactflanges.
TeesloadedalongtheXaxisarenotconsidered.
CategoryI.Ishapedmembers,teesandchannelsSectionF1.2
(F13)

CategoryII.PipesandstructuraltubingSectionF3.2

Fb=0.60Fy

(F33)

1.C.MemberswithcompactornoncompactsectionswithLb >Lc:
ThesectionisonlyapplicabletoCategoryI.Ishapedmembers,teesandchannels.
Ifmemberisintension,

Fb=0.60Fy

(F15)

Ifmemberisincompression,theallowablebendingstressisdeterminedasthelargervaluefromequations(F16)or
(F17)and(F18),withtheexceptions:
Onlyequation(F18)isusedforchannels.
Noneoftheseequationsapplytoteesincompression,thussuchteesarenotconsidered.

When

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AllowableStress

(F16)

When

(F17)

ForanyvalueofL/rT :

(F18)

Cbisconservativelytakenasunity(1.0)inequations(F16),(F17)and(F18).

2.WeakAxisBendingStress
The section is only applicable to Category I. Ishaped members, tees, channels and solid bars (prismatic
members).
CategoryII.StructuraltubinginthiscategoryusesamevalueofFbfoundfortheirstrongaxisfortheirweakaxis.
A.Membersloadedalongtheirstrongaxis,X(bentabouttheirweakaxis,Y).
ThisweakallowablestrongaxisbendingstressisreferredtoasFby,yetinthissectionitislabeledasFb.
B.ApplicabletoallIshapedmembersallothersarenotconsidered.
2.A.Memberswithcompactsections:SectionF2.1

Fb=0.75Fy

(F21)

2.B.Memberswithnoncompactsections:SectionF2.2

(F23)

3.TensileStress

Ft=0.60Fy

SectionD1

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AllowableStress

4.CompressiveStress

SectionE2

(E21)

whereKL/risthelargestofKLx/rxandKLy/ry,whichareequalforpipesandsquares,
and

(E22)

5.CombinedStress

ChapterH

5.A.Axialcompressionandbending:

Thefollowingrequirementsmustbesatisfiedformembersexperiencingbothaxialcompressionandbending:

(H11)

(H12)

Whenfa/Fa0.15,Equation(H13)isusedinlieuofEquations(H11)and(H12).

(H13)

Thecoefficients,alsoknownastheEulerstressdividedbysafetyfactor,FexandFeyaregivenbythefollowing:
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ThecoefficientsCmxandCmyhaveadefaultvalueof0.85.
5.B.Axialtensionandbending:

Thefollowingrequirementsmustbesatisfiedformembersexperiencingbothaxialtensionandbending:

(H21)

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