Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
SamuraiReading
(Unabrevehistoria
delosSamurais)
English.
4 section B
Teacher:
Student:
- Cristhian Bolvar.
- Anabel Varela.
swords. After forging the blade, the sword polisher did his work to prepare the
blade for the "furniture" that surrounded it. Next, the sword tester took the new
blade and cut through the bodies of corpses or condemned criminals. They
started by cutting through the small bones of the body and moved up to the
large bones. Test results were often recorded on the nakago (the metal piece
attaching the sword blade to the handle).
During the Tokugawa shogunate, samurai increasingly became courtiers,
bureaucrats, and administrators rather than warriors. With no warfare since the
early 17th century, samurai gradually lost their military function during the
Tokugawa era (also called the Edo period). By the end of the Tokugawa era,
samurai were aristocratic bureaucrats for the daimyo, with their daisho, the
paired long and short swords of the samurai (cf. katana and wakizashi)
becoming more of a symbolic emblem of power rather than a weapon used in
daily life. They still had the legal right to cut down any commoner who did not
show proper respect (kiri-sute gomen) ( ), but to what extent this
right was used is unknown. When the central government forced daimyos to
cut the size of their armies, unemployed Ronin became a social problem.
The last showing of the original samurai was in 1867 when samurai from
Choshu and Satsuma provinces defeated the Shogunate forces in favor of the
rule of the Emperor in the Boshin War (18681869). The two provinces were the
lands of the daimyo that submitted to Ieyasu after the Battle of Sekigahara
(1600).
Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in
favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai
became Shizoku ( ) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to
wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to
execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an
end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and
their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state
by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should
be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the
United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse
oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji
reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished,
In 1876, the Japanese emperor banned the samurai from wearing
swords. By that time, many samurai took pens instead of guns and became
reporters and writers, setting up newspaper companies, and others entered
governmental service. Some samurai became businessmen. For example,
Iwasaki Yataro, who was the great-grandson of a samurai, established
Mitsubishi. Although the samurai no longer exist, descendants of samurai
families in Japan today are still highly respected. The teachings of the martial
arts carry on their code of honor and discipline. Today, the samurai are a
popular subject for books and can be seen in many martial arts movies.
protect
Pronouns Objetives:
1. It was at the heart of the beliefs and conduct
of the Samurai.
2. It was their ethical code.
3. Some of them were related to the ruling class.
Others were hired men.
4. but the right to wear a katana in public was
eventually abolished along with the right to
execute
commoners
disrespect.
who
paid
them
Translate to spanish:
Breve historia de los Samuris.
Japn tiene una historia que se remonta hace miles de aos. Los
cientficos creen que el pueblo japons desciende de los muchos grupos
que migraron a las islas desde otras partes de Asia, incluyendo China y
Corea. Ya antes de 4500 A.C., las islas japonesas estaban habitadas por
pescadores, cazadores y agricultores. La cultura temprana era conocida
como Jomon que significa patrn del cordn. Por eso es que la gente
hizo cermica decorada con el diseo similar a una cuerda. Los
cientficos crean que una raza caucsica llamada Ainu fueron los
primos habitantes de lo que hoy es Japn. Los Ainu todava existen hoy
en da, sobre todo en las islas ms al norte de Japn llamados
Hokkaido. Los siguientes principales cambios en cultura japonesa
ocurrieron alrededor de 200 A.C. Las personas eran conocidas como
Yayoi. Los Yayoi eran principalmente agricultores. Los cientficos creen
que los japoneses de hoy en da se parecen mucho en aspecto y
lenguaje a los Yayoi.
La guerra jug un papel centra en la historia de Japn. Los clanes
en guerra controlaban gran parte del pas. Un jefe era la cabecera de
cada clan, compuesto por familias. Los jefes eran los antepasados de la
familia imperial de Japn. Las guerras por lo general eran en tierra. Solo
un 20% de la tierra era apto para la agricultura. La lucha por el control
de la tierra eventualmente dio lugar a los Samuris.
Una de las fechas importantes en la historia de la clase guerrera
japonesa es 660 A.C. Fue entonces cuando, segn la leyenda, Jimnu
Tenno se convirti en la cabeza de una confederacin de clanes
guerreros. Tenno era conocido como El Guerrero Divino. l condujo a
su pueblo de Kyushu a la regin de Kinki y conquisto la gente de all.
Teno se instal en la zona de Yamato. Esto dio origen a la dinasta
Yamato y al estado. Los lderes de Yamato se crean que es de origen
divino.
El clan de los Yamato conduca muchas campaas militares en la
principal tierra de Asia. Los objetivos incluan Corea y China. Esas
campaas lideraron la importacin a la cultura China y coreana,
tecnologa y artes marciales.