Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Gland
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Structure
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Anterior Pituitary
Thyroid Stimulating
Hormone (TSH)
Protein (Glycoprotein)
Thyroid gland
Increases thyroid
hormone secretion
(thyroxine and
triiodothyronine)
Hyperthyroidism,
Hypothyroidismmyxedema (adult)
Adrenocorticotropic
(ACTH)
Polypeptide
Adrenal Cortex
Overstimulation of
adrenal cortex hormones
Chilled
Constipation
Goiter - enlarged thyroid
Cretinism (pre-adult) infant hypothyroidism
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone deficiency
Cushings Syndrome weight gain. thinning skin
that bruises easily
Follicle - Stimulating
Hormone (FSH)
Glycoprotein polypeptide
Glycoprotein
Follicles in Ovary
Promotes follicle
maturation
Under Stimulation of
adrenal cortex hormones
Seminiferous Tubules
Promotes sperm
production
Ovary
Infertility
Testis
Promotes testosterone
synthesis
Lutropin
Miscarriage
Sterility
Multiple births
Hypogonadism
Protein
Most tissues
Dwarfism (pre-adult)
Panhypopituitarism
Acromegaly (mature
adult) - abnormal growth
of hands, feet and face
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Cells
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Anterior Pituitary
(continuation)
Base of neck
Prolactin (PRL)
Protein
Development of
mammary glands
Prolactinoma - benign
pituitary tumor
Hypoprolactinemia
Milk synthesis
Hypoestrogenism with
anovulatory infertility
- menstruation without
ovulation
Testis
Increases sensitivity to
Lutein Hormone
Infertility in males
Melanocyte-Stimulating
Hormone (MSH)
Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin
Peptide
Neuropeptide
Melanocytes
Increases melanin
production that makes
skin and hair
pigmentation darker
Dark Blotches
Albinism
Uterus
Increase uterine
contractions
Hyponatremia - loss of
sodium in kidneys
Mammary glands
inappropriate ejection of
milk in lactating women
Self- absorption
Below hypothalamus
Antidiuretic Hormone
(ADH)
Peptide
Kidney Tubules
Retains water
High blood-pressure
Meningitis
Decreased solute
concentration
Edema
Vasopressin
Retain Water
Weight gain
Decreased solute
concentration
Thyroid
Anterior neck
Calcitonin
Polypeptide
Primarily bone
Possible hypercalcemia
Possible hypocalcemia
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Cells
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Thyroid
(continuation)
Anterior neck
Thyroxine (T4)
Tyrosine
Triiodothyronine is the
active form of thyroxine
Hypothyroidism/
Myxedema
Triiodothyronine (T3)
Tyrosine
Creatinism
Low metabolic rate
Increases number of
adrenaline receptors in
blood
Exophthalmos
Weight gain
Infertility
Parathyroid
Posterior to thyroid
Parathyroid hormone
(PTH)
Polypeptide
Skeleton
Memory fatigue
Muscle stiffness
Stimulates osteoclasts to
put more calcium in blood
Kidney
Parathormone
Intestines
Resorption of calcium by
kidneys
Activates vitamin D
Hypoparathyroidism - loss
of sensation
Weakness in skeletal
muscles
Can lead to
paralysis/death
Muscle twitch
Fragile bones
Kidney stones
Adrenal Cortex
Mineralocorticoids
Aldosterone
Steroid
Intestine
Sweat glands
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Cell
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Adrenal Cortex
(continuation)
Glucocorticoids
Steroid
Addisons disease
Fatigue
Weightloss
Muscle weakness
Irregular periods
Cortisol
The cortex is the outer
part
Adrenal androgens
Steroid
Most tissues
Low libido
Fatigue
Menopause
Infertility
Osteoporosis
Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine
Adrenaline
Norepinephrine
Noradrenaline
Catecholamine
Heart
Blood vessels
Liver
Fat cells
Pancreas
Hypotension,
hypoglycemia,
dehydration
Hypertension,
hyperglycemia,
water-retention,
sweating, nervousness,
complete exhaustion
Glucagon
Peptide
Liver
Hyperglycemia - high
blood sugar
Insulin
Peptide
Liver
Hypoglycemia
Skeletal muscle
Adipose tissue
Increased protein
synthesis
Hyperglycemia
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Cells
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Ovaries
Estrogen
Steroid
Most tissues
Promote development
and maintenance of
female sexual
characteristics
Premature sexual
development (female)
Menopause
infertility
Lack of sexual
development (female)
Infertility
Osteoporosis
Progesterone
Uterus
Prostaglandins
Steroid
Lipids
Most tissues
Most tissues
Promote conditions
required for pregnancy
Acne
Fluid retention
Maintains placenta
Nausea
Increase breast
development
Sterility
Mediate inflammatory
responses
Increase uterine
contractions
Testosterone
Steroid made up of
cholesterol
Most tissues
Promotes development
and maintenance of male
sexual characteristics
Premature sexual
development (male);
Andropause - male
menopause
Muscle hypertrophy
Pineal
Melatonin
Antioxidant
Among others,
Hypothalamus
Inhibits secretion of
gonadotropin-releasing
hormone, thereby
inhibiting production
Excessive sleepiness
Jet-lagged feeling
Decreased reproductive
behaviour
Insomnia
Seasonal Affective
Disorder (SAD)
Location
Hormone
Chemical Nature
Target Cells
Function
Hypersecretion
Hyposecretion
Thymus
Supero-anterior part of
the the thoracic
Thymosins
Proteins
Immune Tissues
Promotes development of
immune system cells
Increase of dysfunctional
WBC (similar to Leukemia)
Depression of immune
system
WBC
Directly behind the
sternum
Between lungs
AIDS - destruction of WBC