SLT Rig NKML K

IB Math SL: Trig Practice Problems
Alei - Desert Academy

Circular Functions and Trig - Practice Problems (to 07)
1.
In the triangle PQR, PR = 5 cm, QR = 4 cm and PQ = 6 cm.

Calculate
R;
the size of PQ
the area of triangle PQR.
(a)
(b)
2.
B is 90 , AB = 3, AC = 2 and BA
C is .
The following diagram shows a triangle ABC, where AC
5
.
3
4 5
Show that sin 2 =
.
9
(a)
Show that sin
(b)
(c)
3.
4.
(Total 6 marks)
Find the exact value of cos 2 .
The following diagram shows a sector of a circle of radius r cm, and angle
sector is 20 cm.
(Total 6 marks)
at the centre. The perimeter of the
20 2r
.
r
(a)
Show that
(b)
2
The area of the sector is 25 cm . Find the value of r.
The following diagram shows the triangle AOP, where OP = 2 cm, AP = 4 cm and AO = 3 cm.
(Total 6 marks)
diagram not to
scale
(a)
P , giving your answer in radians.

Calculate AO
The following diagram shows two circles which intersect at the points A and B. The smaller circle C1 has centre
O and radius 3 cm, the larger circle C2 has centre P and radius 4 cm, and OP = 2 cm. The point D lies on the
circumference of C1 and E on the circumference of C2.Triangle AOP is the same as triangle AOP in the diagram
above.
C:\Users\Bob\Documents\Dropbox\Desert\SL\3Trig\TestsQuizzesPractice\SLTrigPractice.docx on 3/18/14 at 8:50 AM
(3)
Page 1 of 23
A
C2
C1
D
diagram not to
scale
(b)
B , giving your answer in radians.

Find AO
(c)
Given that AP B is 1.63 radians, calculate the area of

(i)
(ii)
(d)
(2)
sector PAEB;
sector OADB.
(5)
The area of the quadrilateral AOBP is 5.81 cm .

(i)
Find the area of AOBE.
(ii)
Hence find the area of the shaded region AEBD.
(4)
(Total 14 marks)
5.
D =110 ,
The following diagram shows a pentagon ABCDE, with AB = 9.2 cm, BC = 3.2 cm, BD = 7.1 cm, AE
D = 60 .
E = 52 and AB
AD
(a)
Find AD.
(b)
Find DE.
(4)
(4)
2
(c)
C.
The area of triangle BCD is 5.68 cm . Find DB
(d)
Find AC.
(e)
Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.
(4)
(4)
(5)
(Total 21 marks)
6.
The diagram below shows the graph of f (x) = 1 + tan
(a)
x
2
for 360
360 .
On the same diagram, draw the asymptotes.

(2)
Page 2 of 23
(b)
Write down
(i)
the period of the function;
(ii)
the value of f (90 ).
(c)
Solve f (x) = 0 for 360
(2)
x
360 .
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
7.
(a)
2
Consider the equation 4x + kx + 1 = 0. For what values of k does this equation have two equal roots?
(3)
Let f be the function f ( ) = 2 cos 2 + 4 cos
+ 3, for 360
360 .
2
(b)
Show that this function may be written as f ( ) = 4 cos
+ 4 cos
+ 1.
(c)
Consider the equation f ( ) = 0, for 360

360 .
(i)
How many distinct values of cos satisfy this equation?
(ii)
Find all values of which satisfy this equation.
(d)
Given that f ( ) = c is satisfied by only three values of , find the value of c.
(1)
(5)
8.
(2)
(Total 11 marks)
A Ferris wheel with centre O and a radius of 15 metres is represented in the diagram below. Initially seat A is at
B =
ground level. The next seat is B, where AO
(a)
Find the length of the arc AB.
(b)
Find the area of the sector AOB.
.
6
(2)
(2)
(c)
The wheel turns clockwise through an angle of
2
. Find the height of A above the ground.
3
The height, h metres, of seat C above the ground after t minutes, can be modelled by the function
h (t) = 15 15 cos 2t .
(3)
(d)
.
4
(i)
Find the height of seat C when t =
(ii)
(iii)
Find the initial height of seat C.

Find the time at which seat C first reaches its highest point.
(e)
Find h (t).
(f)
For 0 t
,
(i)
sketch the graph of h;
(ii)
find the time at which the height is changing most rapidly.
(8)
(2)
9.
2
Let f (x) = a (x 4) + 8.
(a)
Write down the coordinates of the vertex of the curve of f.
(b)
Given that f (7) = 10, find the value of a.
(c)
Hence find the y-intercept of the curve of f.
(5)
(Total 22 marks)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 3 of 23

10.
The following diagram shows a circle with radius r and centre O. The points A, B and C are on the circle and
C = .
AO
The area of sector OABC is
4
2
and the length of arc ABC is
.
3
3
Find the value of r and of .

11.
Let (x) = a sin b (x c). Part of the graph of is given below.
(Total 6 marks)
Given that a, b and c are positive, find the value of a, of b and of c.

12.
The points P(2, 4), Q (3, 1) and R (1, 6) are shown in the diagram below.
(a)
(b)
13.
(Total 6 marks)
Find the vector PQ .

Find a vector equation for the line through R parallel to the line (PQ).
B = .
The diagram below shows a circle of radius r and centre O. The angle AO
(Total 6 marks)
2
The length of the arc AB is 24 cm. The area of the sector OAB is 180 cm .
Find the value of r and of .
14.
D = 25 , BA
D = .
The diagram below shows a quadrilateral ABCD. AB = 4, AD = 8, CD =12, B C
(Total 6 marks)
Page 4 of 23
(a)
Use the cosine rule to show that BD = 4 5 4 cos .

(2)
Let
= 40 .
(b)
(i)
D.
Find the value of sin CB
(ii)
D.
Find the two possible values for the size of CB
(iii)
D is an acute angle, find the perimeter of ABCD.

Given that CB
(c)
15.
(12)
Find the area of triangle ABD.
2
Let y = 16x + 160x 256. Given that y has a maximum value, find
(i)
the value of x giving the maximum value of y;
(ii)
this maximum value of y.
The triangle XYZ has XZ = 6, YZ = x, XY = z as shown below. The perimeter of triangle XYZ is 16.
(2)
(Total 16 marks)
(a)
(4)
(b)
(i)
Express z in terms of x.
(ii)
2
Using the cosine rule, express z in terms of x and cos Z.
(iii)
Hence, show that cos Z =
5 x 16
.
3x
(7)
Let the area of triangle XYZ be A.

2
2 2
(c)
Show that A = 9x sin Z.
2
(2)
(d)
Hence, show that A = 16x + 160x 256.
(e)
(i)
(ii)
Hence, write down the maximum area for triangle XYZ.

What type of triangle is the triangle with maximum area?
(4)
(3)
(Total 20 marks)
16.
The function f is defined by f : x

(a)
(b)
17.
30 sin 3x cos 3x, 0
.
3
Write down an expression for f (x) in the form a sin 6x, where a is an integer.
Solve f (x) = 0, giving your answers in terms of .
(Total 6 marks)
The following diagram shows two semi-circles. The larger one has centre O and radius 4 cm. The smaller one has
centre P, radius 3 cm, and passes through O. The line (OP) meets the larger semi-circle at S. The semi-circles
intersect at Q.
Page 5 of 23
(a)
(b)
(i)
Explain why OPQ is an isosceles triangle.
(ii)
Q =
Use the cosine rule to show that cos OP
(iii)
Q =
Hence show that sin OP
(iv)
Find the area of the triangle OPQ.
1
.
9
80
.
9
(7)
Consider the smaller semi-circle, with centre P.

(i)
(ii)
18.
Write down the size of OP Q.

Calculate the area of the sector OPQ.
(c)
Consider the larger semi-circle, with centre O. Calculate the area of the sector QOS.
(d)
Hence calculate the area of the shaded region.
(3)
(3)
The graph of a function of the form y = p cos qx is given in the diagram below.
(4)
(Total 17 marks)
40
30
20
10
x
/2
10
20
30
(a)
(b)
19.
Write down the value of p.

Calculate the value of q.
40
(Total 6 marks)
A farmer owns a triangular field ABC. One side of the triangle, [AC], is 104 m, a second side, [AB], is 65 m and
the angle between these two sides is 60.
(a)
Use the cosine rule to calculate the length of the third side of the field.
(3)
(b)
Given that sin 60 =
3
, find the area of the field in the form p 3 where p is an integer.
2
Let D be a point on [BC] such that [AD] bisects the 60 angle. The farmer divides the field into two parts A1 and
A2 by constructing a straight fence [AD] of length x metres, as shown on the diagram below.
(3)
104 m
A2
A
30
30
A1
65 m
(c)
(i)
65x
Show that the area of Al is given by
.
4
(ii)
Find a similar expression for the area of A2.
Page 6 of 23
(d)
(iii)
Hence, find the value of x in the form q 3 , where q is an integer.
(i)
(ii)
C sin AD
B.
Explain why sin AD
(7)
Use the result of part (i) and the sine rule to show that
BD 5
.
DC 8
20.
(5)
(Total 18 marks)
2
The following diagram shows a circle of centre O, and radius r. The shaded sector OACB has an area of 27 cm .
B = = 1.5 radians.
Angle AO
A
C
B
r
O
(a)
Find the radius.
(b)
Calculate the length of the minor arc ACB.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
21.
Consider y = sin x
(a)
The graph of y intersects the x-axis at point A. Find the x-coordinate of A, where 0
(b)
Solve the equation sin x
1 , for 0 x 2 .
2
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
22.
(Total 6 marks)
The diagram shows a triangular region formed by a hedge [AB], a part of a river bank [AC] and a fence [BC]. The
C is 29. The end of the fence, point C, can be positioned anywhere along the river
hedge is 17 m long and BA
bank.
(a)
Given that point C is 15 m from A, find the length of the fence [BC].
15 m
river bank
29
17 m
(b)
The farmer has another, longer fence. It is possible for him to enclose two different triangular regions with
(3)
C is 85.
this fence. He places the fence so that AB
(i)
Find the distance from A to C.
(ii)
Find the area of the region ABC with the fence in this position.
(c)
To form the second region, he moves the fencing so that point C is closer to point A.
Find the new distance from A to C.
(d)
Find the minimum length of fence [BC] needed to enclose a triangular region ABC.
(5)
(4)
Page 7 of 23

(2)
(Total 14 marks)
23.
Let f (x) =
(a)
1 sin 2x + cos x for 0 x 2 .

2
(i)
Find f (x).
2
One way of writing f (x) is 2 sin x sin x + 1.
2
(ii)
Factorize 2 sin x + sin x 1.
(iii) Hence or otherwise, solve f (x) = 0.
The graph of y = f (x) is shown below.
(6)
A
b
0 a
B
There is a maximum point at A and a minimum point at B.
(b)
Write down the x-coordinate of point A.
(c)
The region bounded by the graph, the x-axis and the lines x = a and x = b is shaded in the diagram above.
(i)
Write down an expression that represents the area of this shaded region.
(ii)
Calculate the area of this shaded region.
(1)
(5)
(Total 12 marks)
24.
25.
2
In triangle PQR, PQ is 10 cm, QR is 8 cm and angle PQR is acute. The area of the triangle is 20 cm . Find the
R.
size of angle PQ
Let f (x) = 6 sin x , and g (x) = 6e

maximum value at B (0.5, b).
(Total 6 marks)
3 , for 0
2. The graph of f is shown on the diagram below. There is a
(a)
(b)
(c)
26.
Write down the value of b.

On the same diagram, sketch the graph of g.
Solve f (x) = g (x) , 0.5 x 1.5.
(Total 6 marks)
Consider the equation 3 cos 2x + sin x = 1

(a)
(b)
(c)
27.
2
Write this equation in the form f (x) = 0 , where f (x) = p sin x + q sin x + r , and p , q , r
Factorize f (x).
Write down the number of solutions of f (x) = 0, for 0 x 2 .
(Total 6 marks)
The diagram below shows two circles which have the same centre O and radii 16 cm and 10 cm respectively. The
two arcs AB and CD have the same sector angle = 1.5 radians.
Page 8 of 23

A
B
D
28.
Find the area of the shaded region.

Let f (x) = sin (2x + 1), 0 x .
(a)
Sketch the curve of y = f (x) on the grid below.
(Total 6 marks)
y
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5 x
0.5
1
1.5
2
(b)
29.
Find the x-coordinates of the maximum and minimum points of f (x), giving your answers correct to one
decimal place.
(Total 6 marks)
2
In a triangle ABC, AB = 4 cm, AC = 3 cm and the area of the triangle is 4.5 cm .
C.
Find the two possible values of the angle BA
Working:
Answer:
..
30.
Solve the equation 2 cos x = sin 2x for 0

Working:
(Total 6 marks)
x
, giving your answers in terms of .

Answer:
..
(Total 6 marks)
31.
The depth y metres of water in a harbour is given by the equation

y = 10 + 4 sin
t
,
2
where t is the number of hours after midnight.

(a)
Calculate the depth of the water
(i)
when t = 2;
(ii)
at 2100.
The sketch below shows the depth y, of water, at time t, during one day (24 hours).
(3)
Page 9 of 23
y
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
depth (metres)
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 t
time (hours)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
Write down the maximum depth of water in the harbour.

Calculate the value of t when the water is first at its maximum depth during the day.
The harbour gates are closed when the depth of the water is less than seven metres. An alarm rings when the gates
are opened or closed.
(c)
(i)
How many times does the alarm sound during the day?
(ii)
Find the value of t when the alarm sounds first.
(iii) Use the graph to find the length of time during the day when the harbour gates are closed. Give
your answer in hours, to the nearest hour.
32.
= 40.
= 60, C
The following diagram shows a triangle ABC, where BC = 5 cm, B
(3)
(7)
(Total 13 marks)
(a)
Calculate AB.
(b)
Find the area of the triangle.
Working:
40
60
5 cm
Answers:
(a) ..
(b) ..
33.
(Total 6 marks)
B is
The diagram below shows a circle of radius 5 cm with centre O. Points A and B are on the circle, and AO
0.8 radians. The point N is on [OB] such that [AN] is perpendicular to [OB].
A
5 cm
O
0.8

Working:
Answer:
........
(Total 6 marks)
34.
Let f (x) = 1 + 3 cos (2x) for 0
, and x is in radians.
Page 10 of 23

(a)
(i)
(ii)
Find f (x).
Find the values for x for which f (x) = 0, giving your answers in terms of .
(6)
The function g (x) is defined as g (x) = f (2x) 1, 0

(b)
35.
.
2
(i)
The graph of f may be transformed to the graph of g by a stretch in the x-direction with scale factor
1
followed by another transformation. Describe fully this other transformation.
2
(ii)
Find the solution to the equation g (x) = f (x)
(4)
(Total 10 marks)
Part of the graph of y = p + q cos x is shown below. The graph passes through the points (0, 3) and ( , 1).
y
Find the value of

(a)
p;
(b)
q.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
36.
37.
Find all solutions of the equation cos 3x = cos (0.5x), for 0 x

.
Working:
Answer:
..................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
The diagram below shows a triangle and two arcs of circles.
The triangle ABC is a right-angled isosceles triangle, with AB = AC = 2. The point P is the midpoint of [BC].
The arc BDC is part of a circle with centre A.
The arc BEC is part of a circle with centre P.
E
B
D
2
(a)
(b)
Calculate the area of the segment BDCP.

Calculate the area of the shaded region BECD.
(Total 6 marks)
38.
The diagram shows a parallelogram OPQR in which OP =
7
3
, OQ =
10
1
Page 11 of 23

y
P
Q
O
x
R
(a)
Find the vector OR .

(3)
(b)
(c)
Q =
Use the scalar product of two vectors to show that cos OP
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
39.
15
754
.
(4)
R = cos OP Q.
Explain why cos PQ
R = 23 .
Hence show that sin PQ
754
Calculate the area of the parallelogram OPQR, giving your answer as an integer.
(7)
(Total 14 marks)
The points P, Q, R are three markers on level ground, joined by straight paths PQ, QR, PR as shown in the
R = 35, PR Q = 25.
diagram. QR = 9 km, PQ
P
Diagram not to scale
Q
(a)
35
9 km
Find the length PR.
25
R
(3)
(b)
Tom sets out to walk from Q to P at a steady speed of 8 km h . At the same time, Alan sets out to jog
1
from R to P at a steady speed of a km h . They reach P at the same time. Calculate the value of a.
(c)
The point S is on [PQ], such that RS = 2QS, as shown in the diagram.
(7)
S
Q
Find the length QS.
40.
(6)
(Total 16 marks)
Consider the function f (x) = cos x + sin x.

(a)
) = 0.
4
(i)
Show that f (
(ii)
Find in terms of , the smallest positive value of x which satisfies f (x) = 0.

(3)
x
The diagram shows the graph of y = e (cos x + sin x), 2

b) and a point of inflexion at D.
3. The graph has a maximum turning point at C(a,
Page 12 of 23
y
6
C(a, b)
4
D
2
dy
.
dx
(b)
Find
(c)
Find the exact value of a and of b.
(3)
(4)
41.
2e 4
(d)
Show that at D, y =
(e)
The graph of the function f (x) = 3x 4 intersects the x-axis at A and the y-axis at B.
(a)
Find the coordinates of
(i)
A;
(ii)
B.
(b)
Let O denote the origin. Find the area of triangle OAB.
Working:
Answers:
(a) (i) ...........................................................
(ii) ...........................................................
(b) ..................................................................
2
(5)
(2)
(Total 17 marks)
(Total 6 marks)
42.
(a)
Factorize the expression 3 sin x 11 sin x + 6.

2
(b)
Consider the equation 3 sin x 11 sin x + 6 = 0.
(i)
Find the two values of sin x which satisfy this equation,
(ii)
Solve the equation, for 0 x 180.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) (i) ...........................................................
(ii) ...........................................................
43.
(Total 6 marks)
The diagram below shows a circle, centre O, with a radius 12 cm. The chord AB subtends at an angle of 75 at the
centre. The tangents to the circle at A and at B meet at P.
Page 13 of 23

A
12 cm
P diagram not to
scale
O 75
B
(a)
Using the cosine rule, show that the length of AB is 12 2 1 cos 75 .
(b)
Find the length of BP.
(c)
Hence find
(i)
the area of triangle OBP;
(ii)
the area of triangle ABP.
(d)
Find the area of sector OAB.
(e)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(2)
(2)
(Total 13 marks)
44.
Note: Radians are used throughout this question.

A mass is suspended from the ceiling on a spring. It is pulled down to point P and then released. It oscillates up
and down.
diagram not to
scale
P
Its distance, s cm, from the ceiling, is modelled by the function s = 48 + 10 cos 2t where t is the time in seconds
from release.
(a)
(i)
What is the distance of the point P from the ceiling?
(ii)
How long is it until the mass is next at P?
(5)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
ds
Find
.
dt
Where is the mass when the velocity is zero?
A second mass is suspended on another spring. Its distance r cm from the ceiling is modelled by the function r =
60 + 15 cos 4 t. The two masses are released at the same instant.
(c)
Find the value of t when they are first at the same distance below the ceiling.
(d)
In the first three seconds, how many times are the two masses at the same height?
(7)
(2)
(2)
(Total 16 marks)
Page 14 of 23

45.
The following diagram shows a circle of centre O, and radius 15 cm. The arc ACB subtends an angle of 2 radians
at the centre O.
C
15
cm

2 rad
AB = 2 radians
OA = 15 cm
Find
(a)
the length of the arc ACB;
(b)
the area of the shaded region.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
46.
47.
(Total 6 marks)
1
Two boats A and B start moving from the same point P. Boat A moves in a straight line at 20 km h and boat B
1
moves in a straight line at 32 km h . The angle between their paths is 70.
Find the distance between the boats after 2.5 hours.
(Total 6 marks)
Let f (x) = sin 2x and g (x) = sin (0.5x).
(a)
Write down
(i)
the minimum value of the function f ;
(ii)
the period of the function g.
(b)
Consider the equation f (x) = g (x).
Find the number of solutions to this equation, for 0
3
.
2
Working:
Answers:
(a) (i) ..........................................................
(ii) ..........................................................
(b) .................................................................
48.
Consider the following statements

x
A:
log10 (10 ) > 0.
B:
0.5 cos (0.5x) 0.5.
arctan x
(Total 6 marks)
.
2
C:
(a)
Determine which statements are true for all real numbers x. Write your answers (yes or no) in the table
below.
Statement
(a) Is the statement true for all
(b) If not true, example
real numbers x? (Yes/No)
A
B
C
(b)
If a statement is not true for all x, complete the last column by giving an example of one value of x for
which the statement is false.
Working:
(Total 6 marks)
Page 15 of 23

49.
The diagram shows a triangle ABC in which AC = 7
2
C = 45.
, BC = 6, AB
2
A
2
7 2
Diagram
not to scale
B
(a)
Use the fact that sin 45 =
45
2
C = 6 .
to show that sin BA
7
2
(2)
C =
The point D is on (AB), between A and B, such that sin BD
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
6
.
7
C.
C + BA
Write down the value of BD
Calculate the angle BCD.
Find the length of [BD].
(6)
(c)
50.
Show that
Area of BDC
BD
=
.
Area of BAC
BA
= 48, as shown in the diagram.

In triangle ABC, AC = 5, BC = 7, A
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
5
A
diagram not to scale
48
, giving your answer correct to the nearest degree.

Find B
Working:
Answer:
......................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
51.
Given that sin x =
1
, where x is an acute angle, find the exact value of
3
(a)
cos x;
(b)
cos 2x.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
52.
(Total 6 marks)
Consider the trigonometric equation 2 sin x = 1 + cos x.

2
Write this equation in the form f (x) = 0, where f (x) = a cos x + b cos x + c,
and a, b, c
.
(b)
Factorize f (x).
(c)
Solve f (x) = 0 for 0 x 360.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(a)
Page 16 of 23

(b) ..................................................................
(c) ..................................................................
53.
(Total 6 marks)
The following diagram shows a triangle with sides 5 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm.
Find
(a)
the size of the smallest angle, in degrees;
(b)
the area of the triangle.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
54.
55.
2
(a)
Write the expression 3 sin x + 4 cos x in the form a cos x + b cos x + c.
(b)
Hence or otherwise, solve the equation
2
3 sin x + 4 cos x 4 = 0,
0 x 90 .
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
In the following diagram, O is the centre of the circle and (AT) is the tangent to the circle at T.
(Total 4 marks)
(Total 4 marks)

If OA = 12 cm, and the circle has a radius of 6 cm, nd the area of the shaded region.
Working:
Answer:
.......................................................................
56.
(Total 4 marks)
A
In the diagram below, the points O(0, 0) and A(8, 6) are xed. The angle OP
varies as the point P(x, 10) moves along the horizontal line y = 10.
P(x, 10)
y=10
A(8, 6)
O(0, 0)
x
Diagram to scale
(a)
(i)
Show that AP
x 16x 80.
Page 17 of 23

(ii)
(b)
Write down a similar expression for OP in terms of x.

(2)
Hence, show that
x 2 8x
cos OP A
40
{( x 16x 80)(x 2 100)}
,
(3)
(c)
A when x = 8.
Find, in degrees, the angle OP
(d)
A 60 .
Find the positive value of x such that OP
(2)
(4)
Let the function f be dened by
f ( x) cos OP A
(e)
57.
x 2 8x
2
{( x 16x
40
80)( x 2
100)}
, 0
15.
Consider the equation f (x) = 1.

(i)
Explain, in terms of the position of the points O, A, and P, why this
equation has a solution.
(ii)
Find the exact solution to the equation.
The diagram below shows a sector AOB of a circle of radius 15 cm and centre O. The angle
circle is 2 radians.
(5)
(Total 16 marks)
at the centre of the
(a)
Calculate the area of the sector AOB.
(b)
Calculate the area of the shaded region.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
58.
(Total 4 marks)
The diagrams below show two triangles both satisfying the conditions
C = 50.
AB = 20 cm, AC = 17 cm, AB
Diagrams not
to scale
Triangle 1
Triangle 2
B in Triangle 2.
(a)
Calculate the size of AC
(b)
Calculate the area of Triangle 1.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
Page 18 of 23

(b) ..................................................................
59.
The depth, y metres, of sea water in a bay t hours after midnight may be represented by the function
y a
60.
b cos
(Total 4 marks)
2
t , where a, b and k are constants.
k
The water is at a maximum depth of 14.3 m at midnight and noon, and is at a minimum depth of 10.3 m at 06:00
and at 18:00.
Write down the value of
(a)
a;
(b)
b;
(c)
k.
Working:
Answers:
(a) ..................................................................
(b) ..................................................................
(c) ..................................................................
(Total 4 marks)
Town A is 48 km from town B and 32 km from town C as shown in the diagram.
32km
A
48km
B to the nearest degree.

Given that town B is 56 km from town C, find the size of angle CA
61.
(a)
(b)
62.
(Total 4 marks)
Express 2 cos x + sin x in terms of sin x only.

2
Solve the equation 2 cos x + sin x = 2 for x in the interval 0
, giving your answers exactly.

(Total 4 marks)
Note: Radians are used throughout this question.

(a)
Draw the graph of y = + x cos x, 0 x 5, on millimetre square graph paper, using a scale of 2 cm per
unit. Make clear
(i)
the integer values of x and y on each axis;
(ii)
the approximate positions of the x-intercepts and the turning points.
(5)
(b)
Without the use of a calculator, show that

+ x cos x = 0.
is a solution of the equation
(c)
Find another solution of the equation

figures.
(d)
Let R be the region enclosed by the graph and the axes for 0
down an integral which represents the area of R .
(e)
Evaluate the integral in part (d) to an accuracy of six significant figures. (If you consider it necessary, you
(3)
+ x cos x = 0 for 0
5, giving your answer to six significant
(2)
can make use of the result
63.
. Shade R on your diagram, and write

(2)
d
( x sin x cos x ) x cos x .)
dx
A formula for the depth d metres of water in a harbour at a time t hours after midnight is
d P Q cos
t , 0
(3)
(Total 15 marks)
24,
where P and Q are positive constants. In the following graph the point (6, 8.2) is a minimum point and the point
(12, 14.6) is a maximum point.
Page 19 of 23
d
15
(12, 14.6)
10.
(6, 8.2)
12
18
(a)
Find the value of

(i)
Q;
(ii)
P.
(b)
Find the first time in the 24-hour period when the depth of the water is 10 metres.
(c)
(i)
(ii)
Solve the equation 3 cos x = 5 sin x, for x in the interval 0
65.
If A is an obtuse angle in a triangle and sin A =
66.
(a)
(c)
(3)
Use the symmetry of the graph to find the next time when the depth of the water is 10 metres.
Hence find the time intervals in the 24-hour period during which the water is less than 10 metres
deep.
64.
(b)
24
(3)
(4)
360, giving your answers to the nearest degree.
(Total 4 marks)
5
, calculate the exact value of sin 2A.
13
(Total 4 marks)
Sketch the graph of y = sin x x, 3 x 3, on millimetre square paper, using a scale of 2 cm per unit
on each axis.
Label and number both axes and indicate clearly the approximate positions of the
x-intercepts and the local maximum and minimum points.
(5)
Find the solution of the equation
sin x x = 0,
x > 0.
(1)
Find the indefinite integral
( sin x
x)dx
and hence, or otherwise, calculate the area of the region enclosed by the graph, the
x-axis and the line x = 1.
(4)
(Total 10 marks)
67.
Given that sin =

(a)
(b)
68.
1 , cos = 3 and 0 360,

2
2
find the value of ;

write down the exact value of tan .
(Total 4 marks)
The diagram shows a vertical pole PQ, which is supported by two wires fixed to the horizontal ground at A and B.
P
36
30
Q
BQ = 40 m
70
A
Page 20 of 23

Q = 36
PB
Q = 70
BA
Q = 30
AB
Find
(a)
(b)
69.
the height of the pole, PQ;

the distance between A and B.
The diagram shows a circle of radius 5 cm.
(Total 4 marks)
1 radian
Find the perimeter of the shaded region.

(Total 4 marks)
70.
f (x) = 4 sin 3x
For what values of k will the equation f (x) = k have no solutions?

71.
(Total 4 marks)
In this question you should note that radians are used throughout.
2
(a)
(i)
Sketch the graph of y = x cos x, for 0 x 2 making clear the approximate positions of the
positive x-intercept, the maximum point and the end-points.
(ii)
Write down the approximate coordinates of the positive x-intercept, the maximum point and the
end-points.
(7)
(b)
Find the exact value of the positive x-intercept for 0 x 2.
(2)
Let R be the region in the first quadrant enclosed by the graph and the x-axis.
(c)
(i)
Shade R on your diagram.
(ii)
Write down an integral which represents the area of R.
(3)
(d)
Evaluate the integral in part (c)(ii), either by using a graphic display calculator, or by using the following
information.
d 2
2
(x sin x + 2x cos x 2 sin x) = x cos x.
dx
(3)
(Total 15 marks)
72.
In this part of the question, radians are used throughout.

The function f is given by
2
f (x) = (sin x) cos x.
The following diagram shows part of the graph of y = f (x).
Page 21 of 23

y
The point A is a maximum point, the point B lies on the x-axis, and the point C is a point of inflexion.
(a)
Give the period of f.
(b)
From consideration of the graph of y = f (x), find to an accuracy of one significant figure the range of f.
(c)
(i)
Find f (x).
(ii)
Hence show that at the point A, cos x =
(iii)
Find the exact maximum value.
(1)
(1)
(d)
1.
3
(9)
Find the exact value of the x-coordinate at the point B.
(1)
(e)
(f)
73.
74.
f (x) dx.
(i)
Find
(ii)
Find the area of the shaded region in the diagram.

(4)
Given that f (x) = 9(cos x) 7 cos x, find the x-coordinate at the point C.
(4)
(Total 20 marks)
A triangle has sides of length 4, 5, 7 units. Find, to the nearest tenth of a degree, the size of the largest angle.
(Total 4 marks)
O is the centre of the circle which has a radius of 5.4 cm.
O
2
The area of the shaded sector OAB is 21.6 cm . Find the length of the minor arc AB.
(Total 4 marks)
75.
The circle shown has centre O and radius 6. OA is the vector

vector
5
11
6
0
, OB is the vector
6
and OC is the
0
.
y
C
B
Page 22 of 23

(a)
Verify that A, B and C lie on the circle.

(3)
(b)
Find the vector AC .
(c)
C .
Using an appropriate scalar product, or otherwise, find the cosine of angle OA
(2)
(3)
(d)
Find the area of triangle ABC, giving your answer in the form a 11 , where a
.
(4)
(Total 12 marks)
76.
2
2
Solve the equation 3 sin x = cos x, for 0
77.
(Total 4 marks)
The diagrams show a circular sector of radius 10 cm and angle radians which is formed into a cone of slant
height 10 cm. The vertical height h of the cone is equal to the radius r of its base. Find the angle radians.
180.
10cm
10cm
78.
(Total 4 marks)
The diagram shows the graph of the function f given by

f (x) = A sin
for 0
x + B,
5, where A and B are constants, and x is measured in radians.

y
(1,3)
(5, 3)
2
(0, 1)
x
0
(3, 1)
The graph includes the points (1, 3) and (5, 3), which are maximum points of the graph.
(a)
Write down the values of f (1) and f (5).
(b)
(2)
Show that the period of f is 4.
The point (3, 1) is a minimum point of the graph.

(c)
Show that A = 2, and find the value of B.
(2)
(5)
(d)
Show that f (x) =
cos
x .
(4)
The line y = k x is a tangent line to the graph for 0 x 5.

(e)
Find
(i)
the point where this tangent meets the curve;
(ii)
the value of k.
(6)
(f)
Solve the equation f (x) = 2 for 0
5.
(5)
(Total 24 marks)
Page 23 of 23
IB Math SL: Trig Practice Problems: MarkScheme

Circular Functions and Trig - Practice Problems (to 07) MarkScheme
1.
(a)
Evidence of using the cosine rule
R =
eg cos PQ
(M1)
r q
, q2
2 pr
p2
R
r 2 2 pr cos PQ
Correct substitution
eg
A1
6 5
, 5 2 4 2 6 2 2 4 6 cos Q
2 4 6
R =
cos PQ
27
0.5625
48
R = 55.8 (0.973 radians)

PQ
(b)
Area =
(A1)
A1N2
1
R
pr sin PQ
2
For substituting correctly
1
4 6 sin 55.8
2
2
= 9.92 (cm )
A1
A1N1
[6]
2.
Note:
(a)
Throughout this question, do not accept methods which involve

finding .
Evidence of correct approach
A1
BC
, BC
AB
5
sin =
3
eg sin
(b)
32 2 2
AG
Evidence of using sin 2 = 2 sin

= 2
=
(c)
(b)
5
3
2
3
A1
AGN0
M1
80
81
1
9
A2
For using perimeter = r + r + arc length

20 = 2r + r
20 2r
r
20 2r
1
Finding A = r 2
2
r
N0
(M1)
4 5
9
4 5
4
5
,2
1, 1 2 ,
9 9
9
9
cos 2 =
(a)
cos
Evidence of using an appropriate formula for cos 2

eg
3.
For setting up equation in r

Correct simplified equation, or sketch
2
2
eg 10r r = 25, r 10r + 25 = 0
r = 5 cm
[6]
(M1)
A1
AG
10r r 2
N2
N0
(A1)
M1
(A1)
A1
N2
[6]
4. Notes: Candidates may have differing answers due to using approximate answers from previous parts or using
answers from the GDC. Some leeway is provided to accommodate this.
Page 1 of 34

(a)
METHOD 1
Evidence of using the cosine rule
eg cos C =

(M1)
b c
, a2 b2
2ab
c2
2bc cos A
P =
eg cos AO
32 2 2 4 2 2 2
P
, 4 3 2 2 2 3 2 cos AO
2 3 2
A1
P = 0.25
cos AO
26
45
P = 1.82
AO
(radians)
METHOD 2
Area of AOBP = 5.81 (from part (d))
Area of triangle AOP = 2.905
2.9050 = 0.5
(b)
P
sin AO
P = 1.32 or 1.82
AO
P = 1.82 26
AO
45
AOB = 2( 1.82)
= 2.64
(c)
(i)
38
45
3.64)
(radians)
1 2
4 1.63
2
2
= 13.0 (cm )
(accept the exact value 13.04)
(d)
(i)
(ii)
5.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(A1)
A1N2
(M1)
A1
A1N2
1 2
3 2.64
Area of sector OADB =
2
A1
2
= 11.9 (cm )
Area AOBE = Area PAEB Area AOBP (= 13.0 5.81)
= 7.19 (accept 7.23 from the exact answer for PAEB)
Area shaded = Area OADB Area AOBE (= 11.9 7.19)
= 4.71 (accept answers between 4.63 and 4.72)
A1N1
M1
A1N1
M1
A1N1
Evidence of choosing cosine rule

2
2
2
eg a = b + c
2bc cos A
2
2
2
eg (AD) = 7.1 + 9.2
2(7.1) (9.2) cos 60
2
(AD) = 69.73
AD = 8.35 (cm)
180 162 = 18
Evidence of choosing sine rule
eg
N2
1 2
r
2
Area of sector PAEB =
(ii)
(M1)
A1
Appropriate method of finding area

eg area =
N2
A1
(radians)
(= 2
A1
[14]
(M1)
A1
(A1)
A1N2
(A1)
(M1)
A1
DE
8.35
=
sin 18
sin 110
DE = 2.75 (cm)
Setting up equation
A1
(M1)
N2
Page 2 of 34

eg
1
1
ab sin C = 5.68,
bh = 5.68
2
2
A1
1
C, 1
eg 5.68 = (3.2) (7.1) sin DB
2
2
sin DBC = 0.5

C 30 and/or 150
DB
(d)
3.2
h = 5.68, (h = 3.55)
(A1)
A1
C)
C (60 + D B
Finding A B
Using appropriate formula

2
2
2
2
2
2
eg (AC) = (AB) + (BC) , (AC) = (AB) + (BC)
(BC) cos ABC
(e)
(A1)
(M1)
2 (AB)
C)
Correct substitution (allow FT on their seen AB
2
2
2
eg (AC) = 9.2 + 3.2
AC = 9.74 (cm)
For finding area of triangle ABD
Correct substitution Area =
1
2
9.2
7.1 sin 60
= 28.28...
Area of ABCD = 28.28... + 5.68
2
= 34.0 (cm )
6.
N2
A1
A1
(M1)
N3
A1
A1
(M1)
A1N3
[21]
(a)
y
10
360
180
360 x
180
10
(b)
(c)
Correct asymptotes
(i)
Period = 360
(ii)
f (90 ) = 2
270 , 90
Notes:
(accept 2 )
(a)
N2
N1
N1
N1N1
Penalize 1 mark for any additional values.

Penalize 1 mark for correct answers given
in radians
7.
A1A1
A1
A1
A1A1
3
,
, or 4.71, 1.57 .
2
2
[6]
METHOD 1
Using the discriminant
2
k =4 4 1
k = 4, k = 4
METHOD 2
Factorizing
2
(2x 1)
k = 4, k = 4
=0
(M1)
A1A1
N3
(M1)
A1A1
N3
Page 3 of 34

(b)
(c)
2
Evidence of using cos 2 = 2 cos
2
eg 2(2 cos
1) + 4 cos + 3
2
f ( ) = 4 cos
+ 4 cos + 1
(i)
1
(ii)
METHOD 1
Attempting to solve for cos
cos
M1
AG
A1
N0
N1
M1
1
2
(A1)
= 240, 120,
METHOD 2
Sketch of y = 4 cos
240, 120 (correct four values only)

2
360
(d)
+ 4 cos
+1
A2N3
M1
180
Indicating 4 zeros
= 240, 120, 240, 120 (correct four values only)
Using sketch
c=9
180
360
(A1)
A2N3
(M1)
A1
N2
[11]
8.
(a)
Note: Accept exact answers given in terms of .

Evidence of using l = r
arc AB = 7.85 (m)
(b)
1 2
r
Evidence of using A
2
(M1)
2
Area of sector AOB = 58.9 (m )
METHOD 1
A1
(c)
angle =
(M1)
A1
N2
N2
2
3
30
(A1)
attempt to find 15 sin

height = 15 + 15 sin
= 22.5 (m)
METHOD 2
M1
6
A1
N2
Page 4 of 34

angle =
60
(A1)
attempt to find 15 cos

height = 15 + 15 cos
M1
3
3
= 22.5 (m)
(d)
(i)
A1
15 15cos
(M1)
2 4
= 25.6 (m)
A1N2
15 cos 0
(ii)
h(0) = 15
(iii)
= 4.39(m)
METHOD 1
Highest point when h = 30
30 = 15
cos 2t
15 cos 2t
(M1)
A1N2
R1
M1
= 1
t = 1.18 accept
N2
(A1)
3
8
A1N2
METHOD 2
h
30
Sketch of graph of h
Correct maximum indicated
t = 1.18
METHOD 3
Evidence of setting h (t) = 0
M2
(A1)
A1N2
sin 2t
(A1)
M1
Justification of maximum
eg reasoning from diagram, first derivative test, second
derivative test
3
8
A1N2
(may be seen in part (d))
A1A1
t = 1.18 accept
(e)
h (t) = 30 sin 2t
(f)
(i)
R1
N2
h(t)
30
30
Page 5 of 34
A1A1A1 N3
Notes: Award A1 for range 30 to 30, A1 for two zeros. Award A1 for approximate
correct sinusoidal shape.
(ii)
METHOD 1
Maximum on graph of h
(M1)
t = 0.393
A1N2
METHOD 2
Minimum on graph of h
(M1)
t = 1.96
A1N2
METHOD 3
Solving h (t) = 0
(M1)
One or both correct answers
A1
t = 0.393, t = 1.96
N2
9.
(a)
(b)
(c)
Vertex is (4, 8)
A1A1
N2
2
Substituting 10 = a(7 4) + 8
a= 2
For y-intercept, x = 0
y = 24
M1
A1N1
(A1)
A1
N2
[22]
[6]
10.
METHOD 1
Evidence of correctly substituting into A =
1 2
r
2
A1
Evidence of correctly substituting into l = r

For attempting to eliminate one variable
leading to a correct equation in one variable
A1
(M1)
A1
r=4
A1A1
(= 0.524, 30 )
METHOD 2
Setting up and equating ratios
4
3
r2
2
3
2 r
=
r=4
2
3
A1
1
or r 2
2
(M1)
A1A1
Solving gives r = 4
r =
N3
4
3
A1
0.524, 30
=
A1
0.524, 30
N3
[6]
11.
3
or etc
a = 4, b = 2, c =
2
2
A2A2A2 N6
[6]
12.
5
3
(a)
PQ =
(b)
Using r = a + tb
x
y
A1A1
1
6
5
3
N2
A2A1A1 N4
[6]
13.
METHOD 1
Evidence of correctly substituting into l = r
A1
Page 6 of 34

Evidence of correctly substituting into A =
1 2
r
2
For attempting to solve these equations

eliminating one variable correctly
r = 15
= 1.6 (= 91.7 )
METHOD 2
Setting up and equating ratios
24
2 r
A1A1
A1
1
or r 2 180
2
r = 24
(a)
A1
(= 91.7 )
= 1.6 (= 91.7 )
A1
N3
For correct substitution into cosine rule

BD =
16 5 4 cos
= 4 5 4 cos
(i)
(ii)
BD = 5.5653 ...
(c)
Area =
(a)
AGN0
M1A1
A1N2
A1
(A1)
BC = 13.2
(accept 13.17)
Perimeter = 4 + 8 + 12 + 13.2
= 37.2
A1
1
2
sin 40
N1
(M1)
A1N2
C = 89.3
BD
BC
5.5653
BC
12
(or cosine rule)
or
sin 89.3 sin 25 sin 89.3 sin 65.7
M1A1
A1N2
A1
= 10.3
15.
A1
(A1)
D sin 25
sin CB
12
5.5653
sin CBD = 0.911

(accept 0.910, subject to AP)
CBD = 65.7
D = 180 their acute angle
Or CB
= 114
(iii)
[6]
A1
4 2 8 2 2 4 8 cos
For factorizing 16, BD =

(b)
N3
(M1)
Solving gives r = 15
14.
A1
(M1)
A1
A1A1
180
r2
= 1.6
r = 15
A1
N1
[16]
METHOD 1
Note:
There are many valid algebraic approaches

to this problem (eg completing the square,
using x
b
) . Use the following mark
2a
allocation as a guide.
(i)
dy
Using
dx
32x + 160 = 0
x=5
2
(ii)
ymax = 16(5 ) + 160(5)
ymax = 144
METHOD 2
(M1)
A1
A1N2
256
A1N1
Page 7 of 34

(i)
(b)
Sketch of the correct parabola (may be seen in part (ii))

x=5
ymax = 144
z = 10 x
(accept x + z = 10)
2
2
2
z = x + 6 2 x 6 cos Z
Substituting for z into the expression in part (ii)
2
2
Expanding 100 20x + x = x + 36 12x cos Z
Simplifying 12x cos Z = 20x 64
(ii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Isolating cos Z =
cos Z =
20x 64
12x
M1
A2N2
A1
A1
A2
(M1)
N1
N1
N2
A1
A1
A1
5 x 16
3x
AGN0
Note:
(c)
Expanding, simplifying and isolating may

be done in any order, with the final A1
being awarded for an expression that
clearly leads to the required answer.
Evidence of using the formula for area of a triangle
1
2
A
A
(d)
sin Z
1
4
3x sin Z A 2
2
2 2
A = 9x sin Z
2
Using sin Z = 1
M1
36 x2
sin 2 Z
A1
AG
2
cos Z
(A1)
5 x 16
Substituting
for cos Z
3x
2
5 x 16
25x 2 160x 256
to
for expanding
3x
9x 2
(e)
16.
(a)
(b)
17.
(a)
A1
A1
for simplifying to an expression that clearly leads to the required answer

2
2
2
eg A = 9x
(25x
160x + 256)
2
2
A = 16x + 160x 256
2
(i)
144 (is maximum value of A , from part (a))
Amax = 12
(ii)
Isosceles
A1
Evidence of choosing the double angle formula

f (x) = 15 sin (6x)
Evidence of substituting for f (x)
eg 15 sin 6x = 0, sin 3x = 0 and cos 3x = 0
6x = 0, , 2
(M1)
A1
(M1)
x = 0,
,
6 3
AG
A1
A1N1
A1
N1
[20]
N2
A1A1A1 N4
(i)
OP = PQ (= 3cm)
So OPQ is isosceles
(ii)
Q =
Using cos rule correctly eg cos OP
Q =
cos OP
N0
9 9 16
18
R1
AGN0
2
18
32 32 4 2
2 3 3
[6]
(M1)
A1
Page 8 of 34

Q =
cos OP
(iii)
(iv)
1
9
AGN0
2
2
Evidence of using sin A + cos A = 1
Q =
sin OP
Q =
sin OP
80
9
1
81
M1
80
81
A1
AGN0
Evidence of using area triangle OPQ =
1
OP PQ sin P
2
M1
1
80 9
3 3
,
0.9938
2
9 2
80
Area triangle OPQ =
2
OPQ = 1.4594...
OP Q = 1.46
20
A1N1
eg
(b)
(i)
(ii)
4.47
Evidence of using formula for area of a sector

eg Area sector OPQ =
1 2
3 1.4594
2
= 6.57
(c)
(d)
18.
(a)
(b)
1.4594
0.841
2
1 2
4 0.841
Area sector QOS =
2
P =
QO
(A1)
A1
A1N2
A1
M1
p = 30
METHOD 1
A22
2
q
A1
N1
[17]
(A1)
A1
Horizontal stretch of scale factor =

scale factor =
A1
(M2)
q=4
METHOD 2
1
q
1
4
(M2)
(A1)
q=4
(a)
A1N2
= 6.73
Area of small semi-circle is 4.5 (= 14.137...)
Evidence of correct approach
eg Area = area of semi-circle area sector OPQ area sector QOS +
area triangle POQ
Correct expression
eg 4.5
6.5675... 6.7285... + 4.472..., 4.5
(6.7285... + 2.095...),
4.5 (6.5675... + 2.256...)
Area of the shaded region = 5.31
Period =
19.
A1N1
(M1)
A1
2
using the cosine rule (A2) = b + c 2bc cos A
4
[6]
(M1)
Page 9 of 34
2
2
2
substituting correctly BC = 65 +104 2 (65) (104) cos 60
= 4225 + 10816 6760 = 8281
BC = 91 m
(b)
(c)
bc sin A
2
substituting correctly, area = 1 (65) (104) sin 60
2
= 1690 3 (Accept p = 1690)
1 (65) (x) sin 30
(i)
A1 =
2
65x
=
4
1 (104) (x) sin 30
(ii)
A2 =
2
finding the area, using
(d)
A1
A1
AG
(i)
Recognizing that supplementary angles have equal sines
(ii)
B
B
C = 180 AD
C = sin AD
eg AD
sin AD
using sin rule in ADB and ACD
DC
sin 30
BD
sin 30
104
B
sin AD
B = sin AD
C
since sin AD
BD DC
BD 65
65 104 DC 104
BD 5
DC 8
65
BD
B
65
sin AD
DC sin 30
C
104 sin AD
M1
A1
substituting correctly
A1
65x
starting A1 + A2 = A or substituting
+ 26x = 1690 3
4
169x
simplifying
= 1690 3
4
4 1690 3
x=
169
x = 40 3 (Accept q = 40)
and
A13
(M1)
= 26x
(iii)
A1
(M1)
A1
A1
A1
R1
(M1)
sin 30
B
sin AD
A1
M1
A1
AG
5
[18]
20.
(a)
(b)
1 2
A
r
2
1
27
(1.5) r 2
2
r 2 36
r 6 cm
Arc length r
(M1)(A1)
1.5 6
Arc length = 9 cm
Note: Penalize a total of (1 mark) for missing units.
21.
(a)
when y
0 (may be implied by a sketch)
8
or 2.79
9
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(C4)
(C2)
[6]
(A1)
(A1)
(C2)
Page 10 of 34

(b)
METHOD 1
Sketch of appropriate graph(s)
Indicating correct points
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1) (C2)(C2)
x 3.32 or x 5.41
METHOD 2
1
sin x
9
2
11
9
6
11
x
6 9
31
( x 3.32, x 5.41)
18
7
,
9 6
7
x
,
6 9
19
x
, x
18
(A1)(A1)
(A1)(A1) (C2)(C2)
[6]
22.
(a)
for using cosine rule a
BC2
152 172
2ab cos C
(M1)
2 15 17 cos 29
(A1)
BC 8.24 m
(A1)
(N0)
Notes: Either the first or the second line may be implied, but not both.
Award no marks if 8.24 is obtained by assuming a right (angled) triangle
(BC = 17 sin 29).
(i)
29
17
85
B
ACB 180 (29 85) 66
(ii)
(c)
for using sine rule (may be implied)
(M1)
AC
sin85
(A1)
17
sin 66
17sin85
AC
sin 66
AC (18.5380 ) 18.5 m
1
Area
17 18.538... sin 29
2
76.4 m2 (Accept 76.2 m2 )
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
B from previous triangle 66

AC
180 66 114 (or 29 85)

Therefore alternative ACB
ABC
180 (29 114) 37
A
(N2)
(N1)
(A1)
C
114
29
17
37
B
AC
17
sin 37 sin114
AC (11.19906 ) 11.2 m
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(N1)
4
Page 11 of 34

(d)
29
17
B
B = 90or diagram
Minimum length for BC when AC
showing right triangle
(M1)
CB
sin 29
17
CB 17sin 29
CB (8.2417 ) 8.24 m
(A1)
(N1)
2
[14]
23.
(a)
1
2cos 2 x sin x
2
cos2 x sin x
f ( x)
(i)
(A1)(A1)
(N2)
Note: Award (A1)(A1) for 2sin x sin x 1 only if work shown, using
product rule on sin x cos x cos x .
2
2sin x sin x 1 (2sin x 1)(sin x 1) or
(ii)
2(sin x 0.5) (sin x 1)

2sin x 1 or sin x
1
1
sin x
2
5
x
(0.524) x
6
6
(iii)
(A1)
(2.62) x
3
2
(4.71)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(N1)
(N1)
(N1)(N1) 6
(b)
(c)
(i)
0.524
(A1)
(N1) 1
EITHER
curve crosses axis when x
Area
f ( x)dx
5
6
(may be implied)
2
f ( x)dx
(A1)
(M1)(A1) (N3)
OR
5
6
Area =
f ( x) dx
(M1)(A2) (N3)
(ii)
0.875 0.875
Area
1.75
(M1)
(A1)
(N2) 5
[12]
24.
1
Using area of a triangle =
ab sin C
2
1
20
(10)(8)sin Q
2
(M1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Accept any letter for Q

sin Q = 0.5
R = 30 or
PQ
25.
(a)
b=6
(A1)
or 0.524
(A1)
(C6)
(A1)
(C1)
[6]
Page 12 of 34

(b)
(c)
26.
(a)
(b)
(c)
x = 1.05
(accept (1.05, 0.896) ) (correct answer only, no additional

solutions)
2
3(1 2 sin x) + sin x = 1
2
6 sin x sin x 2 = 0 (p = 6, q = 1, r = 2)
(3 sin x 2)(2 sin x + 1)
4 solutions
(A3)
(C3)
(A2)
(C2)
[6]
(A1)
(A1)
(C2)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
(A2)
(C2)
[6]
27.
28.
Area of large sector
1 2
1 2
r = 16 1.5
2
2
(M1)
= 192
(A1)
1 2
1
2
Area of small sector r =
10 1.5
2
2
(M1)
= 75
Shaded area = large area small area = 192 75
= 117
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(a)
(C6)
[6]
y
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5 x
0.5
1
1.5
2
(b)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: Award (A1) for the graph crossing the y-axis between 0.5 and 1, and
(A1) for an approximate sine curve crossing the x-axis twice. Do not
penalize for x >3.14.
(Maximum) x = 0.285
1
2
x = 0.3 (1 dp)
3
(Minimum) x = 1.856
4
x = 1.9 (1 dp)
(A1)
(A1)
1
2
(C2)
(A1)
(A1)
(C2)
[6]
29.
Area of a triangle =
1
3 4 sin A
2
(A1)
1
3 4 sin A = 4.5
2
(A1)
sin A = 0.75
(A1)
Page 13 of 34

A = 48.6 and A = 131 (or 0.848, 2.29 radians)
Note: Award (C4) for 48.6 only, (C5) for 131 only.

(A1)(A2) (C6)
[6]
30.
METHOD 1
2
2 cos x = 2 sin x cos x
2
2 cos x 2 sin x cos x = 0
2 cos x(cos x sin x) = 0
cos x = 0, (cos x sin x) = 0
x=
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1)
,x=
2
4
(A1)(A1) (C6)
METHOD 2
Graphical solutions
EITHER
2
for both graphs y = 2 cos x, y = sin 2 x,
OR
2
for the graph of y = 2 cos x sin 2 x.
(M2)
(M2)
THEN
Points representing the solutions clearly indicated
1.57, 0.785
x=
,x=
2
4
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1) (C6)
Notes: If no working shown, award (C4) for one correct answer.

Award (C2)(C2) for each correct decimal answer 1.57, 0.785.
Award (C2)(C2) for each correct degree answer 90, 45. Penalize a total
of [1 mark] for any additional answers.
31.
(a)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(i)
10 + 4 sin 1 = 13.4
(A1)
At 2100, t = 21
(A1)
10 + 4 sin 10.5 = 6.48
(A1)
Note: Award (A0)(A1) if candidates use t = 2100 leading to y = 12.6. No
other ft allowed.
14 metres
(A1)
(ii)
14 = 10 + 4 sin
(i)
(ii)
10 + 4 sin
t
2
sin
t
2
=1
t = (3.14) (correct answer only)

(c)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
= 0.75
(A1)
t = 7.98
depth < 7 from 8 11 = 3 hours
from 2030 2330 = 3 hours
therefore, total = 6 hours
(A1)
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)
t
2
(N2) 3
(M1)
=7
sin
(iii)
t
2
[6]
(N2) 3
(N3)
(N3) 7
[13]
32.
(a)
(b)
Angle A 80
AB
5
sin 40 sin80
AB 3.26 cm
1
ac sin B
Area
2
1
(5)(3.26)sin 60
2
2
7.07 (accept 7.06) cm
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(C3)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(C3)
Page 14 of 34
Note: Penalize once in this question for absence of units.

[6]
33.
METHOD 1
1 2
(5) (0.8)
2
10
ON 5cos0.8
Area sector OAB
AN
AON
Area of
Shaded area
5sin 0.8
(M1)
(A1)
3.483...
(A1)
3.586.....
(A1)
1
ON AN
2
6.249... (cm2 )
10 6.249..
3.75 (cm2 )
(A1)
(A1)
METHOD 2
(C6)
Area sector ABF
1 2
(5) (1.6)
2
20
(M1)
(A1)
1 2
(5) sin1.6
2
12.5
Twice the shaded area 20 12.5 ( 7.5)
1
(7.5)
Shaded area
2
3.75 (cm2 )
Area
OAF
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(C6)
[6]
34.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
f ( x)
6sin 2 x
(A1)(A1)
EITHER
f ( x)
12sin x cos x 0
sin x 0 or cos x 0
(M1)
OR
sin 2 x 0 ,
2x 2
for 0
(M1)
THEN
x 0, ,
2
(b)
(i)
(ii)
35.
translation
in the y-direction of 1
1.11
(1.10 from TRACE is subject to AP)
3 = p + q cos 0
3=p+q
1 = p + q cos
1 = p q
(a)
p=1
(b)
q=2
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(N4)
(A1)
(A1)
(A2)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
[10]
(C3)
(C3)
Page 15 of 34

[6]
36.
Method 1
1.80
2.51
0
1.80 [3 sf]
2.51 [3 sf]
Method 2
3x = 0.5x + 2
(etc.)
3.5x = 0, 2 , 4 or 2.5x = 0, 2 , 4
7x = 0, 4 , (8 ) or 5x = 0, 4 , (8 )
(C2)
(G2)
(G2)
(C2)
(C2)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
4
4
or x = 0,
7
5
4 4
x = 0,
,
7 5
x = 0,
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(C2)(C2)(C2)
[6]
37.
(a)
(b)
1
2
area of sector DC =
(2) =
4
(A1)
area of segment BDCP = area of ABC

=2
(M1)
(A1)
BP =
(C3)
(A1)
area of semicircle of radius BP =
1
2
( 2 ) =
2
(A1)
area of shaded region = ( 2) = 2
(A1)
(C3)
[6]
38.
(a)
OR PQ
=qp
=
=
(b)
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
Q
cos OP
PO
(c)
10
PO PQ
PO
(A1)
PQ
2
3 = 58 ,
PO PQ = 21 + 6 = 15
15
15
Q
cos OP
58 13
754
R = 180
Q + PQ
(i)
Since OP
PQ
32
2 = 13
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
(AG)
(R1)
Page 16 of 34

cos
(ii)
15
754
R = cos OP Q
PQ
R = 1
sin PQ
15
754

(AG)
(M1)
529
754
23
754
=
=
(A1)
(AG)
OR
cos
15
754
754
15
x
2
therefore x = 754 225 = 529

sin
x = 23
23
754
(M1)
(A1)
(AG)
Note: Award (A1)(A0) for the following solution.

cos
15
754
sin
= 0.8376
23
= 0.8376
754
(iii)
= 56.89
sin
23
754
Area of OPQR = 2 (area of triangle PQR)
1
R
=2
PQ QR sin PQ
2
1
23
13 58
=2
2
754
= 23 sq units.
OR
Area of OPQR = 2 (area of triangle OPQ)
=2
1
7 1 3 10
2
= 23 sq units.
Notes: Other valid methods can be used.
Award final (A1) for the integer answer.
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1)
(A1)
[14]
39.
(a)
PR
9
Sine rule
sin35 sin 120
9 sin 35
PR =
sin 120
= 5.96 km
(b)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
EITHER
Page 17 of 34
Sine rule to find PQ

PQ =
9 sin 25
sin 120
(M1)(A1)
= 4.39 km
(A1)
OR
2
2
2
Cosine rule: PQ = 5.96 + 9 (2)(5.96)(9) cos 25
= 19.29
PQ = 4.39 km
4.39
Time for Tom =
8
5.96
Time for Alan =
a
4.39 5.96
Then
=
8
a
(c)
(A1)
(M1)
QS
sinSR Q
2QS
sin35
Q 1 sin 35
sin SR
2
SRQ = 16.7
R = 180 (35 + 16.7)
Therefore, QS
= 128.3
QS
sin16.7
9 sin 16.7
QS =
sin 128.3
(A1)
(A1)
a = 10.9
2
2
RS = 4QS
2
2
4QS = QS + 81 18 QS cos 35
2
2
3QS + 14.74QS 81 = 0 (or 3x + 14.74x 81 = 0)
QS = 8.20 or QS = 3.29
therefore QS = 3.29
OR
9
sin 128.3
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(G1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
SR
sin 35
9 sin 35
2 sin 128.3
= 3.29
(M1)
(A1)
6
[16]
40.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
, sin
4
2
2
therefore cos
=0
sin
4
4
cos
cos x + sin x = 0
tan x = l
(A1)
(AG)
1 + tan x = 0
3
x=
4
(M1)
(A1)
Note: Award (A0) for 2.36.

OR
x=
3
4
(G2)
Page 18 of 34

(b)
x
y = e (cos x + sin x)
dy
x
x
= e (cos x + sin x) + e (sin x + cos x)
dx
(M1)(A1)(A1)
x
= 2e cos x
(c)
dy
= 0 for a turning point
dx
x
2e cos x = 0
(M1)
cos x = 0
(A1)
x=
2
(A1)
a=
2
2
y = e (cos
+ sin ) = e 2
2
2
b=e2
(A1)
Note: Award (M1)(A1)(A0)(A0) for a = 1.57, b = 4.81.

(d)
d2 y
=0
dx 2
At D,
(M1)
x
x
2e cos x 2e sin x = 0
x
2e (cos x sin x) = 0
cos x sin x = 0
x=
(e)
(A1)
(A1)
+ sin )
4
4
y = e 4 (cos
=
(A1)
2e
Required area =
(A1)
(AG)
3
4
0
e x (cos x + sin x)dx
(M1)
= 7.46 sq units
(G1)
OR
rea = 7.46 sq units
(G2)
2
Note: Award (M1)(G0) for the answer 9.81 obtained if the calculator is in
degree mode.
[17]
41.
(a)
(b)
42.
(a)
(b)
4
,0
3
(i)
A is
(ii)
B is (0, 4)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Note: In each of parts (i) and (ii), award C1 if A and B are interchanged,
C1 if intercepts given instead of coordinates.
1
4
4
2
3
8
= (= 2.67)
3
Area =
(3 sin x 2)(sin x 3)
(i)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
(A1)(A1) (C2)
[6]
2
Note: Award A1 if 3x 11x + 6 correctly factorized to give
(3x 2)(x 3) (or equivalent with another letter).
(3 sin x 2)(sin x 3) = 0
Page 19 of 34

sin x =
2
3
sin x = 3

(A1)(A1) (C2)
(ii)
x = 41.8, 138
(A1)(A1) (C2)
Notes: Penalize [1 mark] for any extra answers and [1 mark] for answers in radians. ie Award A1 A0 for
41.8, 138 and any extra answers. Award A1 A0 for 0.730, 2.41. Award A0 A0 for 0.730, 2.41 and any extra
answers.
[6]
43.
Note: Do not penalize missing units in this question.

(a)
2
AB
12 cos 75
2
= 12 (2 2 cos 75)
2
= 12 2(1 cos 75)
2
2
= 12 + 12 2 12
(A1)
AB = 12 2(1 cos 75 )
(AG)
(A1)
2
Note: The second (A1) is for transforming the initial expression to any
simplified expression from which the given result can be clearly seen.
(b)
B = 37.5
PO
BP = 12 tan 37.5
= 9.21 cm
OR
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
P = 37.5
BP A = 105
BA
AB
BP
sin 105 sin 37.5
AB sin 37.5
BP =
= 9.21(cm)
sin 105
(c)
(i)
Area OBP =
1
1
12 9.21 or
12 12 tan 37.5
2
2
2
2
= 55.3 (cm ) (accept 55.2 cm )
(ii)
1
2
Area ABP = (9.21) sin105
2
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
2
2
= 41.0 (cm ) (accept 40.9 cm )
(A1)
75
122 75
or
122
2
180
360
(M1)
(d)
Area of sector =
(e)
2
2
= 94.2 (cm ) (accept 30 or 94.3 (cm ))
Shaded area = 2 area OPB area sector
2
2
2
= 16.4 (cm ) (accept 16.2 cm , 16.3 cm )
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
2
[13]
44.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
Note: Do not penalize missing units in this question.

At release(P), t = 0
s = 48 + 10 cos 0
= 58 cm below ceiling
58 = 48 +10 cos 2t
cos 2t = 1
t = 1sec
OR
t = 1sec
ds
= 20 sin 2t
dt
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(G3)
(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for 20, and (A1) for sin 2 t.
Page 20 of 34

(ii)
v=
ds
= 20 sin 2t = 0
dt
(M1)
sin 2 t = 0
t = 0,
1
... (at least 2 values)
2
(A1)
s = 48 + 10 cos 0 or s = 48 +10 cos

(M1)
= 58 cm (at P)
= 38 cm (20 cm above P)
(A1)(A1) 7
Note: Accept these answers without working for full marks. May be
deduced from recognizing that amplitude is 10.
48 +10 cos 2t = 60 + 15 cos 4t
(M1)
t = 0.162 secs (A1)
OR
t = 0.162 secs
(G2)
2
12 times
(G2)
2
Note: If either of the correct answers to parts (c) and (d) are missing and suitable graphs have been
sketched, award (G2) for sketch of suitable graph(s); (A1) for t = 0.162; (A1) for 12.
(c)
(d)
[16]
45.
(a)
l=r
or ACB = 2 OA
= 30 cm
(M1)
(A1)
B (obtuse) = 2 2
AO
1
2 1
2
Area =
r = (2 2)(15)
2
2
(b)
(C2)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
2
= 482 cm (3 sf)
(A1)
(C4)
[6]
46.
50
80
70
P
(M1)(A2)
OR
2.5 20 = 50
2.5 32 = 80
2
2
2
d = 50 + 80 2 50 80 cos 70
d = 78.5 km
47.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
(C6)
1
4 (accept 720)
(b)
(A1)
(A2)
(C1)
(C2)
(G1)
(A2)
(C3)
[6]
32
number of solutions: 4
[6]
48.
Statement
A
B
C
(a) Is the statement true for all

real numbers x? (Yes/No)
No
No
Yes
(b) If not true, example

x = l (log10 0.1 = 1)
x = 0 (cos 0 = 1)
N/A
(a) (A3) (C3)

(b) (A3) (C3)
Page 21 of 34
Notes: (a) Award (A1) for each correct answer. (b) Award (A) marks for statements A and B only if NO in column
(a). Award (A2) for a correct counter example to statement A, (A1) for a correct counter example to statement B
(ignore other incorrect examples). Special Case for statement C: Award (A1) if candidates write NO, and give a
valid reason (eg arctan 1 =
5
).
4
[6]
49.
7 2
2
sin 45
2
2
sin A = 6
2 7 2
6
=
7
6
sin A
(a)
(M1)
(A1)
(AG)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
C = 180
C + BA
BD
6
sin A =
7
=> A = 59.0 or 121 (3 sf)
h
C
(A1)
(A1)(A1)
D = 180 (121 + 45)

=> BC
= 14.0 (3 sf)
(iii)
BD
sin 14
7 2
2
sin 45
=>BD = 1.69
OR
(M1)
(A1)
1
BD h
Area BDC 2
Area BAC 1
BA h
2
BD
=
BA
(c)
(A1)
1
BD 6 sin 45
Area BCD 2
Area BAC 1
BA 6 sin 45
2
BD
=
BA
(M1)(A1)
(AG)
(M1)(A1)
(AG)
2
[10]
50.
Using sine rule:

sin B =
sin B
5
sin 48
7
5
sin 48 = 0.5308
7
B = arcsin (0.5308) = 32.06
(M1)(A1)
(M1)
(M1)(A1)
Page 22 of 34
= 32 (nearest degree)
(A1)
Note: Award a maximum of [5 marks] if candidates give the answer in
radians (0.560).
51.
(a)
x is an acute angle => cos x is positive.

2
2
2
cos x + sin x = 1 => cos x = 1 sin x
=> cos x =
=
(b)
1
3
[6]
(M1)
(M1)
(A1)
8
2 2
(=
)
9
3
2
cos 2x = 1 2 sin x = 1 2
=
(C6)
(A1)
1
3
(C4)
(M1)
7
9
(A1)
(C2)
Notes: (a) Award (M1)(M0)(A1)(A0) for

cos sin 1 1 = 0.943.
3
(b) Award (M1)(A0) for cos 2 sin 1 1
3
52.
(a)
= 0.778.
[6]
2
2
2
2 sin x = 2(1 cos x) = 2 2 cos x = l + cos x
2
=> 2 cos x + cos x l = 0
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
(A1)
(C1)
Note: Award the first (M1) for replacing sin x by

2
1 cos x.
(b)
2
2 cos x + cos x 1 = (2 cos x 1)(cos x +1)
(c)
1
cos x =
or cos x = l
2
=> x = 60, 180 or 300
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(C3)
Note: Award (A1)(A1)(A0) if the correct answers are given in radians (ie
3
53.
(a)
, ,
5
, or 1.05, 3.14, 5.24)
3
7 2 52
2 8 7
88 11
=
= 0.7857
112 14
cos =
82
Therefore, = 38.2
(b)
Area =
1
8 7 sin 38.2
2
2
= 17.3 cm
54.
(a)
(b)
[6]
The smallest angle is opposite the smallest side.
2
2
3 sin x + 4 cos x = 3(1 cos x) + 4cos x
2
= 3 3 cos + 4 cos x
2
2
3 sin x + 4 cos x 4 = 0 3 3 cos x + 4 cos x 4 = 0
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
[4]
(A1)
(C1)
Page 23 of 34

2
3 cos x 4 cos x + 1 = 0
(3 cos x 1)(cos x 1) = 0
cos x =

(A1)
1
or cos x = 1
3
x = 70.5 or x = 0
(A1)(A1) (C3)
Note: Award (C1) for each correct radian answer, ie x = 1.23 or x = 0.
55.
[4]
OT A = 90
12
AT =
(A1)
= 6 3
A = 60 =
TO
(A1)
Area = area of triangle area of sector
1
1
6 6 3
66
2
2
3
(M1)
2
= 12.3 cm (or 18 3 6 )
(A1)
(C4)
OR
A = 60
TO
(A1)
1
6 12 sin 60
2
1
Area of sector =
66
2
3
Area of
(A1)
(A1)
2
Shaded area = 18 3 6 = 12.3 cm (3 sf)
(A1)
(C4)
[4]
56.
(a)
(b)
(i)
AP =
( x 8)
(ii)
OP =
( x 0) 2
AP
(10 6)
(x 2
2 x2
2x 2
2 x2
(10 0) 2
2
x2
62 )
(M1) (AG)
100
(A1)
8x
(M1)
(M1)
100
40
8
10
100)}
(AG)
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
OP A = arctan (0.8) = 38.7 (3 sf)

OP A = 60
cos OP A = 0.5
x 2 8 x 40
{( x 2
16x 80
(M1)
16x 80
arccos 0.780869 = 38.7 (3 sf)

OR
0.5 =
x2
100
{( x 2 16x 80)(x 2
A = 0.780869
For x = 8, cos OP
tan OP A
16x 80 x 2
16x 80 x 2
cos OP A
(d)
OP
OA
2AP OP
16x 80) ( x 2 100) (8 2
cos OP A
=
(c)
16x 80)( x 2
100)}
(A1)
(M1)
Page 24 of 34

2
2x 16x + 80
{( x 2
16x 80)(x 2
100)} = 0
x = 5.63
(e)
(i)
(ii)

(M1)
(G2)
A = 1
f (x) = 1 when cos OP
(R1)
A = 0.
hence, when OP
This occurs when the points O, A, P are collinear.
(R1)
(R1)
The line (OA) has equation y =

When y = 10, x =
3x
4
40
(= 13 13 )
3
(M1)
(A1)
OR
x=
40
(= 13 13 )
3
(G2)
Note: Award (G1) for 13.3.

[16]
57.
(a)
1 2
Area = r
2
1
2
(15 )(2)
2
2
= 225 (cm )
(b)
(M1)
(A1)
Area OAB =
1 2
15 sin 2 = 102.3
2
2
Area = 225 102.3 = 122.7 (cm )
= 123 (3 sf)
(C2)
(A1)
(A1)
(C2)
[4]
58.
(a)
(b)
B)
sin (AC
20
sin 50
17
B) 20sin 50 = 0.901
sin (AC
17
B > 90
B = 180 64.3 = 115.7
AC
AC
B = 116 (3 sf)
AC
B = 64.3
In Triangle 1, AC
C = 180 (64.3 + 50)
BA
(M1)
(A1)
= 65.7
(A1)
1
2
Area = (20)(17) sin 65.7 = 155 (cm ) (3 sf)
2
(A1)
(C2)
(C2)
[4]
59.
METHOD 1
The value of cosine varies between 1 and +1. Therefore:
t=0
a + b = 14.3
t=6
a b = 10.3
2a = 24.6
a = 12.3
2b = 4.0 b = 2
2(12)
= 2
k
Period = 12 hours
k = 12
(A1)
(A1)
(C1)
(C1)
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
METHOD 2
y
14.3
10.3
6
12
18
24
t (h)
Page 25 of 34

From consideration of graph:
Midpoint = a = 12.3
Amplitude = b = 2
2
= 12
2
k
Period =
k = 12

(A1)
(A1)
(C1)
(C1)
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
[4]
60.
C
32km
A
B
2
48km
48
B
cos CA
32 562
2(48)(32)
(M1)(A1)
B = arccos(0.0625)
CA
(A1)
(A1)
86
61.
(a)
(b)
2
2
2 cos x + sin x = 2(1 sin x) + sin x
2
= 2 2 sin x + sin x
2
2 cos x + sin x = 2
2
2 2 sin x + sin x = 2
2
sin x 2 sin x = 0
sin x(1 2 sin x) = 0
sin x = 0 or sin x =
sin x = 0
sin x =
1
2
x=
(A1)
(M1)
x = 0 or (0 or 180)
Note: Award (A1) for both answers.
1
2
[4]
or
(30 or 150)
6
6
(A1)
(A1)
Note: Award (A1) for both answers.

62.
[4]
(a)
y
x<1
{0.5<
3.5<y<4
(A1)
MAXIMUM
POINT
2
integers (A1)
on axis
(b)
(c)
(d)
5
1
2
3
4
LEFT
(A1)
3.5<x<4 (A1)
INTERCEPT 3<x<3.5
3.2<x<3.6 MINIMUM
(A1)
0.2<y <0 POINT
x
RIGHT
INTERCEPT
is a solution if and only if + cos = 0.

Now + cos = + (1)
=0
By using appropriate calculator functions x = 3.696 722 9...
x = 3.69672 (6sf)
See graph:
5
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
3
2
Page 26 of 34
(e)
x cos x)dx
EITHER
x cos x)dx = 7.86960 (6 sf)
(A1)
(A3)
Note: This answer assumes appropriate use of a calculator eg

fnInt:
OR
x cos x)dx [ x
fnInt(Y1 , X , 0, ) 7.869604401
with Y1
x cos x
x sin x cos x]0
= ( 0) + ( sin 0 sin 0) + (cos

2
=
+ 0 + 2 = 7.86960 (6 sf)
cos 0)
(A1)
(A1)
3
[15]
63.
(a)
(i)
Q=
1
(14.6 8.2)
2
(M1)
= 3.2
(ii)
P=
(A1)
1
(14.6 + 8.2)
2
(M0)
= 11.4
(b)
(c)
64.
(A1)
10 = 11.4 + 3.2 cos

t
6
7
so
= cos
t
16
6
7
therefore arccos
t
16
6
which gives 2.0236... = t or t = 3.8648. t = 3.86(3 sf)

6
(i)
(ii)
By symmetry, next time is 12 3.86... = 8.135... t = 8.14 (3 sf)

From above, first interval is 3.86 < t < 8.14
This will happen again, 12 hours later, so
15.9 < t < 20.1
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
4
[10]
3 cos x = 5 sin x
sin x
cos x
3
5
(M1)
tan x = 0.6
x = 31 or x = 211 (to the nearest degree)
Note: Deduct [1 mark] if there are more than two answers.
(A1)
(A1)(A1) (C2)(C2)
[4]
65.
5
sin A =
13
12
cos A =
13
But A is obtuse
cos A =
(A1)
12
13
(A1)
sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A
5
=2
13
120
=
169
(M1)
12
13
(A1)
(C4)
[4]
66.
(a)
y=
sin x x
Page 27 of 34
y
3
2
(1.25, 1.73)
3
(2.3, 0)
(2.3, 0)
(1.25, 1.73)
2
3
(b)
(c)
(A5)
5
Notes: Award (A1) for appropriate scales marked on the axes.
Award (A1) for the x-intercepts at ( 2.3, 0).
Award (A1) for the maximum and minimum points at ( 1.25, 1.73).
Award (A1) for the end points at ( 3, 2.55).
Award (A1) for a smooth curve.
Allow some flexibility, especially in the middle three marks here.
(A1)
x = 2.31
( sin x
x)dx
cos x
x2
2
(A1)(A1)
Note: Do not penalize for the absence of C.

Required area =
( sin x
x)dx
(M1)
= 0.944
area = 0.944
OR
67.
(G1)
(G2)
4
[10]
(a)
30
Acute angle 30
(M1)
Note: Award the (M1) for 30 and/or quadrant diagram/graph seen.
2nd quadrant since sine positive and cosine negative
= 150
(A1)
(b)
tan 150 = tan 30 or tan 150 =
tan 150 =
1
3
1
2
3
2
(C2)
(M1)
(A1)
(C2)
[4]
68.
(a)
PQ
= tan 36
40
PQ
29.1 m (3 sf)
(A1)
(C1)
(b)
B
40m
Q
30
70
A
Page 28 of 34

B = 80
AQ
AB
40
sin 80 sin 70
(A1)
(M1)
Note: Award (M1) for correctly substituting.

AB = 41 9. m (3 sf)
69.
(A1)
(C3)
Perimeter = 5(2 1) + 10
(M1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for working in radians; (A1) for 2 1; (A1) for +10.
= (10 + 5) cm (= 36.4, to 3 sf)
(A1)
(C4)
[4]
[4]
70.
From sketch of graph y = 4 sin 3x

or by observing sin
k > 4, k < 4
(M2)
1.
(A1)(A1) (C2)(C2)
4
3
2
1
1
2
3
4
71.
[4]
(a)(i) & (c)(i)

y
1
(1.1, 0.55)
R
(1.51, 0)
0
(2, 1.66)
2
(A3)
Notes: The sketch does not need to be on graph paper. It should have the correct shape, and the points (0, 0), (1.1,
0.55), (1.57, 0) and (2, 1.66) should be indicated in some way.
Award (A1) for the correct shape.
Award (A2) for 3 or 4 correctly indicated points, (A1) for 1 or 2 points.
(ii)
Approximate positions are
positive x-intercept (1.57, 0)
(A1)
maximum point (1.1, 0.55)
(A1)
end points (0, 0) and (2, 1.66)
(A1)(A1) 7
Page 29 of 34

(b)
2
x cos x = 0
x 0 cos x = 0
(M1)
x=
2
(c)
Note: Award (A2) if answer correct.

see graph
(i)
2
0
(ii)
(d)
(A1)
x 2 cos x dx
(A2)
Note: Award (A1) for limits, (A1) for rest of integral correct (do not
penalize missing dx).
Integral = 0.467
(G3)
OR
/2
Integral = x sin x
2
(1)
4
=
=
72.
(A1)
2 x cos x 2 sin x 0
(M1)
(0) 2(1) [0 + 0 0]
2
(M1)
2 (exact) or 0.467 (3 sf)

2
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
1
1
(a)
(b)
From graph, period = 2

Range = {y 0.4 < y < 0.4}
(c)
(i)
f (x) =
(ii)
2
3
= cos x (2 sin x cos x) sin x (sin x) or 3 sin x + 2 sin x
(M1)(A1)(A1)
Note: Award (M1) for using the product rule and (A1) for each part.
f (x) = 0
(M1)
2
sin x{2 cos x sin x} = 0 or sin x{3 cos x 1} = 0
(A1)
2
3 cos x 1 = 0
d
2
{cos x (sin x) }
dx
1
3
cos x =
(A1)
1
3
At A, f (x) > 0, hence cos x =
(iii)
(d)
x=
(e)
(i)
(ii)
1
1
3
f (x) =
2
3
1
3
1
3
(M1)
2
3
9
(cos x)(sin x) 2 dx
/2
0
1 3
sin x c
3
1
3
(cosx)(sin x) 2 dx
=
(f)
(R1)(AG)
Area =
[15]
At C f (x) = 0
3
9 cos x 7 cos x = 0
1
3
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)(A1)
sin
(sin 0) 3
(M1)
(A1)
(M1)
Page 30 of 34
2
cos x(9 cos x 7) = 0
(M1)
7
x=
(reject) or x = arccos
= 0.491 (3 sf)
2
3
(A1)(A1) 4
[20]
73.
cos
=
42
Note: Award (M1) for identifying the largest angle.
52 7 2
2 4 5
(M1)
1
5
(A1)
= 101.5
OR Find other angles first
= 44.4
= 34.0
= 101.6
Note: Award (C3) if not given to the correct accuracy.
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)(A1) (C4)
[4]
74.
AB = r
2
r
2
= 21.6
5 .4
=
1 2
r
2
(M1)(A1)
(A1)
= 8 cm
OR
(A1)
1
2
(5.4)
= 21.6
2
4
=
(= 1.481 radians)
2 .7
(M1)
AB = r
(A1)
4
= 5.4
2 .7
(M1)
= 8 cm
(A1)
(C4)
[4]
75.
(a)
OA = 6
A is on the circle
(A1)
OB = 6
B is on the circle.
(A1)
C is on the circle.
(A1)
OC
11
= 25 11
=6
(b)
AC OC OA
5
6
=
11
0
=
(c)
cos OA C
(M1)
(A1)
11
AO AC
AO AC
(M1)
Page 31 of 34

6
.
0
=
=
=
1
11
6 1 11
6
(A1)
6 12
1
3
6
2 3
(A1)
62
C
OR cos OA
( 12 ) 2
2 6
62
(M1)(A1)
12
as before
12
(A1)
OR using the triangle formed by AC and its horizontal and

vertical components:
12
AC
cos OA C
(d)
(A1)
(M1)(A1) 3
12
Note: The answer is 0.289 to 3 sf

A number of possible methods here
BC OC OB
5
6
=
11
0
(A1)
11
(A1)
11
132
1
132
ABC =
2
= 6 11
BC =
12
(A1)
OR ABC has base AB = 12
(A1)
(A1)
11
and height =
area =
1
12
2
(A1)
11
(A1)
= 6 11
(A1)
C
OR Given cos BA
sin BA C
33
6
= 6 11
3
6
ABC
1
12
2
12
33
6
(A1)(A1)(A1)
(A1)
4
[12]
76.
1
2
tan x =
(M1)
tan x =
1
3
x = 30 or x = 150
(M1)
(A1)(A1) (C2)(C2)
Page 32 of 34

77.
2
h = r so 2r = 100
l = 10 = 2 r

[4]
2
r = 50
(M1)
(M1)
2 50
10
2 5 2
=
10
=
2 = 4.44 (3sf)
=
(A1)
(A1)
(C4)
Note: Accept either answer.

78.
(a)
(b)
f (1) = 3
EITHER
f (5) = 3
distance between successive maxima = period
=51
=4
OR
Period of sin kx =
so period =
2
;
k
EITHER A sin
(A1)
(AG)
+ B = 3 and A sin
3
+ B = 1
2
A + B = 3, A + B = 1
A = 2, B = 1 (AG)(A1)
OR Amplitude = A
3 ( 1)
A=
2
3 ( 1)
2
(M1) (M1)
(M1)
4
2
(M1)
(AG)
(M1)
2
2
(M1)
B=1
(A1)
Note: As the values of A = 2 and B = 1 are likely to be quite obvious to a
bright student, do not insist on too detailed a proof.
(d)
(A1)(A1)
A=2
Midpoint value = B
B=
[4]
(M1)
=4
(c)
(A1)(A1) 2
(M1)
(A1)
(AG)
x +1
2
f (x) =
2 cos x + 0
2
2
f (x) = 2 sin
(M1)(A2)
Note: Award (M1) for the chain rule, (A1) for

=
cos
x
2
, (A1) for 2 cos

x .
2
2
(A1)
Notes: Since the result is given, make sure that reasoning is valid. In
particular, the final (A1) is for simplifying the result of the chain rule
calculation. If the preceding steps are not valid, this final mark should not
be given. Beware of fudged results.
(e)
(i)
y = k x is a tangent
cos
x
2
(M1)
Page 33 of 34

1 = cos
x
2

(A1)
x = or 3 or ...
2
(ii)
(f)
x = 2 or 6 ...
Since 0 x 5, we take x = 2, so the point is (2, 1)
Tangent line is: y = (x 2) + 1
y = (2 + 1) x
k=2 +1
f (x) = 2
x +1=2
2
1
sin
x
2
2
5 13
x
or or
2
6
6
6
1 5 13
x = or or
3 3
3
2 sin
(A1)
(A1)
(M1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)
(A1)(A1)(A1)
5
[24]
Page 34 of 34

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IB Math SL: Trig Practice Problems

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