SENTENCES

Question- What do you understand by Sentence?

Answer- The sentence is the basis of grammar and it must serve two
purposes-
1. It should be a group of words
2. It should have complete meaning or sense
e.g., Ram boy a good is.
Ram is a good boy.
Akbar king wise a was.
Akbar was a wise king.
Grammatically a sentence may be called a combination of subject and
a verb.
Sentences can be of following-
A. DECLARATIVE/ASSERTIVE SENTENCES are those
which give us information, supply facts or make statements or
assertions. For e.g.-
Ram is an honest boy.
Sun rises in the east.
Structure Subject+verb+other words
Declarative Sentences can be further two types-
1. POSITIVE SENTENCE- I like fish.
He loves her.
He has got a car.
2. NEGATIVE SENTENCES- I do not like fish.
He does not love her.
He does not have a car.

(Positive e.g. are already given)

NEGATIVE Sentences have a sense of negation in them and
can be easily recognized by the usage of NO in some form or
the other.e.g.,
1. I do not remember when I gave my book to him.
2. I do not deny knowing him.
3. He is too conscious.
B. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES are those which ask
questions.
Structure The helping verb+subject+the main verb
For e.g.,
 1. Why have you come here?
3. Where do you live?
4. What do you aim to do in life?

C. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES are those which express

commands, orders or requests.
For e.g.,
1. Be quite. (order)
2. Please be quite. (request)
3. Stand up (order)
4. Please stand up. (request)

D. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES are those which express

sudden strong feelings.
For e.g.,
1. How hot the day is!
2. Alas! She died so young!
3. What a beautiful place!
4. If only I could get a first class!
5. How nice of you!
6. What an idea!

KINDS OF SENTENCES
Sentences can do four kinds of things.
A sentence can
1. MAKE A STATEMENT :-
- The earth moves round the sun. (Affirmative)
- He never tells a lie. (Negative)
A SENTENCE THAT STATES OR DECLARES
SOMETHING IS CALLED ASSERTIVE OR
DECLARATIVE SENTENCE.

Structure Subject+verb+otherwords
2. As a QUESTION; as
- What is the matter?
- Who does not love the country?
A SENTENCE THAT ASKS A QUESTION IS CALLED AN
INTERROGATIVE SENTECE
 Structure The helping verb+subject+the main verb
3. Express some COMMAND, REQUEST,ENTREATY OR
WISH
Never surrender (command)
Lend me your book , please. (request)
Help me, O God. (entreaty)
God save the queen. (wish)
A SENTENCE THAT EXPRESSES A COMMAND, A
REQUEST, AN ORDER, AN ENTREATY OR A DESIRE IS
CALLED AN IMPERATIVE SENTENCE

4. Expresses some STRONG OR SUDDEN FEELING is called

an Exclamatory sentence;
- How hot it is !
- What a clever girl you are!
A SENTENCE THAT EXPRESSES SOME STRONG OR
SUDDENFEELING IS CALLED AN EXCLAMTORY
SENTENCE.
ON THE BASIS OF STRUCTURE
A sentence may be divided into three parts :-
1. Simple Sentence - Only one subject and one predicate
2. Compound Sentence is made up of compound
4. Complex Sentence consist of one main clause and one or
more subordinate clauses.

Subject & Predicate

Sugar / is sweet.
There goes / the bus.
Sweet are the uses / of adversity.

Point to remember : the predicate of a sentence always begins with a VERB.

SUBJECT : is something about which we talk , which are generally nouns or

pronouns.

PREDICATE : is that part of a sentence which gives us information about the

subject.
In Imperative sentences the subject may be left out or understood , e.g.,
Sit down.
Come in.
Thank him. { In these sentences the subject YOU is understood.}