RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the data gathered from the survey that were classified, tabulated and
discussed.
Profile of the Participants
The participants in this study were students of Cavite State University- Main Campus
whose ages fall under 16-19 who listen to music. They were 180 participants randomly selected
from every colleges.
Level of exposure to music based on the kind of genre, length of time spent on listening,
and the medium used.
This part presents selected genres that the participants were most exposed. The most
listened genre was determined through the number of checks.
The table reveals that 66 (36.7%) teenagers are exposed to Popular Music and it was
followed by OPM with 28 (15.6%), which is rank 2.While 25 (13.9%) are exposed to Rock
Music. On the other hand, Hip-Hop Music and Alternative has the same percentage with both 24
(13.2%); Next was Classic Music with 9 (5.0%) which is rank 7. Lastly, 8 (4.4%) out of 180
teenagers are exposed to other genre including Christian, Jazz and Korean Pop Music.
The table 1 shows that majority of the respondents are exposed to Popular Music.
On an online research by Hakanen, E.A. (1995) popular music has influenced the social
interactions, mood and social behavior of a person. Several studies have been explain that there
is a relationship between music and social behavior, regardless of age.

Table 1.Exposure of the participants in different kind of music.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

KIND OF MUSIC
Pop Music
OPM
Rock Music
R&B
Hip-Hop Music
Alternative
Classic
Others ( Korean Pop

FREQUENCY
66

N=180 PERCENTAGE
36.7

28

15.6

25

13.9

24

13.2

10

5.6

10

5.6

5.0

4.4

180

100

Music, Christian
Songs, and Jazz)

Total

Teenagers Level of Exposure to Music

This part presents the participants level of exposure to music. Frequency was measured
in terms of how much time participants listen to music and classified whether they listen to
music 1-2 hours a day; 3-4 hours a day, 5-6 hours a day or more than 9 hours per day.
Table 2 shows how much time a day participants listen to music. The result shows that
there were 82 (45.6 %) out of 180 teenagers listen to music in an average of 1-2 hours per day.
While, 70 (38.9 %) answered they listen to music 3-4 hours per day. On the other hand, 16 (8.9
%) participants spent on listening to music with an average of 5-6 hours per day. Followed by 10
(5.6 %) teenagers who listen to music for more than 9 hours per day. Lastly, 2 (1.1%) out of 180
students are listening to music for 7-8 hours per day.
The table 2 shows that majority of the respondents has low exposure in listening to
music.

Research has shown that people listen to music for nearly 2.5 hours a day according to
recent study called Share of Ear (EdisonResearch, online, 2014).
According to Bruner (1990) music has long been considered an efficient and effective
means for triggering moods and communicating nonverbally.
Table 2. Length of Time spent on listening to Music.
LENGTH OF TIME
1. 1-2 hours per day
2. 3-4 hours per day
3. 5-6 hours per day
4. More than 9 hours per

FREQUENCY
82
70
16

N= 180 PERCENTAGE
45.6
38.9
8.9

10

5.6

1.1

180

100

day
5. 7-8hours per day
Total

Kind of Medium Used in Listening to Music

This part presents the kind of media participants used in listening to music. Participants
only need to choose one medium as indicated in the instrument or they may specify their
preferred medium. The kinds of medium used are Cellular Phones, MP3, Radio and CDs.
Table 3 reveals that 145 ( 80.6%) out of 180 teenagers use Cellular phones in listening to
music. 14 (7.8 %) listens to music through MP3, 12 (6.7%) use radio as a medium in listening to
music while, 12 (6.7%) of participants preferred CDs. Lastly, 2 (1.1%) out of 180 teenagers use
laptop and tablet when listening to music
Research has shown that music is well-known to connect deeply with adolescents and to
influence identity development, with the use of entertainment medium such as radio and cellular
phones (Pope, 2008).

Table 3. Kind of medium used in listening to music.

KIND OF MEDIUM
1. Cellular Phones
2. MP3
3. Radio
4. CDs
5. Others (laptop, tablet)
Total

FREQUENCY
145
14
12
7
2
180

N=180 PERCENTAGE
80.6
7.8
6.7
3.9
1.1
100

Influence of Music on Teenagers.

Music influence teenagers based on the lyrics, melody and genre.
This part presents the
Knobloch-Westerwick et. Al (2006) have stated that although young listeners might not
understand all the detail in lyrics, they recognize enough to obtain a general idea of the message
they bring.
According to the website freemusic.org as cited by Miclat (2003), a melody itself
communicate joy, hope, sorrow, a dramatic event, and special mood.
An intensive study of high school teenagers finds that music serves as a powerful
communication medium, speaking directly to emotions. Here, both men and women most often
associated these emotions with music: excitement, happiness and love (Juslin, P. N., & Laukka,
P., 2004)
The table reveals that 83 (46.1%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the Lyrics of the
song, followed by 76 (42.2%) on lyrics, melody and genre of the song (all of the above), then 15

(8.3%)by the melody of the song, followed by 4 (2.2%) of participants are not influenced by
lyrics, genre and melody of the song (none of the above) and 2 (1.1%) by genre of the song.
Table 1.In terms of making participants feel sad.
1.
2.
3.
4.

INDICATORS
Lyrics of the song.
All of the above
Melody of the song
None of the above

5. Genre of the song

Total

FREQUENCY
83
76
15

N=180 PERCENTAGE
46.1
42.2
8.3

2.2

1.1

180

100

The table reveals that 72 (40.0%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by lyrics, genre,
and melody of the song (all of the above), followed by 63 (35.0%) on melody of the song, then
24 (13.3%) by the lyrics of the song. On the other hand, 19 (10.6 %) of participants are not
influenced by the lyrics, genre and melody of the song (none of the above).

Table 2. In terms of making participants feel joyful or amused.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

INDICATORS
All of the above
Melody of the song
Lyrics of the song
Genre of the song
None of the above

Total

FREQUENCY
72
63
24
19
4

N=180 PERCENTAGE
40.0
35.0
13.3
10.6
2.2

180

100

The table reveals that 65 (36.1%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by lyrics, genre,
and melody of the song (all of the above), followed by 60 (33.3%) by lyrics of the song, then 36
(20.0 %) by the melody of the song, 12 (6.7 %) by the genre of the song and 7 (3.9 %) of
participants are not influenced by the lyrics, genre and melody of the song (none of the above) .

Table 3. In terms of making participants feel filled with wonder.

INDICATORS
1. All of the above
2. Lyrics of the song
3. Melody of the song

FREQUENCY
65
60

N=180 PERCENTAGE
36.1
33.3

36

20.0

4. Genre of the song

5. None of the above

12
7

6.7
3.9

Total

180

100

The table reveals that 79 (43.9%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the melody of
the song, followed by 63 (35.0%) on lyrics, genre and melody of the song, (all of the above) then
26 (14.4%) by genre of the song and 12 (6.7%) by the lyrics of the song.

Table 4. In terms of making participants feel energetic.

1.
2.
3.
4.

INDICATORS
Melody of the song
All of the above
Genre of the song
Lyrics of the song

Total

FREQUENCY
79
63
26
12

N=180 PERCENTAGE
43.9
35.0
14.4
6.7

180

100

The table reveals that 83 (46.1%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by lyrics, genre and
melody of the song (All of the above), followed by 48 (26.7%) on melody of the song, then 28
(15.6%) by the lyrics of the song and 21 (11.7%) by the genre of the song.

Table 5. In terms of making participants regulate their mood (e.g feel better)

1.
2.
3.
4.

INDICATORS
All of the above
Melody of the song
Lyrics of the song
Genre of the song

Total

FREQUENCY
83
48
28
21

N=180 PERCENTAGE
46.1
26.7
15.6
11.7

180

100

The table reveals that 71 ( 39.4%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by lyrics of the
song, followed by 50 (27.8%) on lyrics, genre and melody of the song (all of the above), then 42
(23.3%) by melody of the song, 13 (7.2%) by the genre of the song and 4 (2.2%) of participants
are not influenced by lyrics, genre and melody of the song (none of the above)

Table 6. In terms of making participants feel nostalgic and dreamy.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

INDICATORS
Lyrics of the song
All of the above
Melody of the song
Genre of the song
None of the above

Total

FREQUENCY
71
50
42
13
4

N=180 PERCENTAGE
39.4
27.8
23.3
7.2
2.2

180

100

The table reveals that 78 (43.3%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the lyrics of the
song, followed by 52 (28.9%) on lyrics, genre and melody of the song (all of the above), then 35
(19.4%) by melody of the song, 23 (7.2%) by genre of the song and 2 (1.1%) of participants are
not influenced by the lyrics, genre and melody of the song (none of the above).
Table 7. In terms of making participants feel sentimental through listening to music.
INDICATORS

FREQUENCY

N=180 PERCENTAGE

1. Lyrics of the song

2. All of the above
3. Melody of the song

78
52
35

43.3
28.9
19.4

4. Genre of the song

5. None of the above

23
2

7.2
1.1

Total

180

100

The table indicate that 76 (42.2%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the lyrics,
melody and genre of the song (all of the above) , while 64 ( 35.6%) are influenced by the lyrics
of the song, then 26 ( 14.4%) only by the melody and 11 ( 6.1%) by the genre. Lastly, 3 (1.7%)
are not influence by the lyrics, melody and genre of the song (none of the above).

Table 8. In terms of making participants feel tender, affectionate or in love

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

INDICATORS
All of the above
Lyrics of the song
Melody of the song
Genre of the song
None of the above

Total

FREQUENCY
76
64
26
11
3

N=180 PERCENTAGE
42.2
35.6
14.4
6.1
1.7

180

100

The table indicates that 69 (38.3%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the melody of
the song. On the other hand, there are only 66 (36.7%) who are being influenced by the lyrics,
melody and genre (all of the above). Followed by the lyrics of the song with an average of 22
(12.2%) of teenagers. Then 21 (11.7%) teenagers are being influence by the genre. On the other
hand there are only 2 (1.1%) who are not influenced by any of the melody, lyrics and genre
(none of the above).
Table 9.In terms of making participants feel calm or soothed
INDICATORS
1.
2.
3.
4.

Melody of the song

All of the above
Lyrics of the song
Genre of the song

FREQUENCY

N=180 PERCENTAGE

69
66
22
21

38.3
36.7
12.2
11.7

5. None of the above

Total

1.1

180

100

The table indicates that 72 (40.0%) out of 180 teenagers are influenced by the lyrics,
melody and genre of the song (all of the above). Followed by the lyrics of the song with 61
(33.9%) then by the melody with 30 (16.7%). On the other hand, 16 (8.9%) teenagers are
influenced by the genre of the song. Lastly, there is only 1 (0.6%) teenagers who is not
influenced by the lyrics, melody and genre of the song (none of the above).

Table 10. In terms of making participants feel positive

INDICATORS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

All of the above

Lyrics of the song
Melody of the song
Genre of the song
None of the above

Total

FREQUENCY

N=180 PERCENTAGE

72
61
30
16
1

40.0
33.9
16.7
8.9
0.6

180

100

Influence of Music on Teenagers Perceived Emotions and Felt Emotion.

This part presents the influence of music on teenagers Perceived and Felt emotion.
Participants were asked on their frequency of encountering given situations with ratings as
Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, and Strongly Disagree.
The table 14 shows the influence of music on teenagers Perceived and Felt emotion.

In terms of Perceived and Felt emotion, music was identified by the participants as
Slightly Influential in terms of indicator such as: 1. Music makes me feel sad or sorrowful (
x

= 2.72, SD = 0.68), 2. Music makes me feel tense or nervous ( x

= 2.27, SD = 0.77) and

3. Music makes me feel negative ( x = 1.98, SD = 0.84).

On the other hand, participants identified perceived and felt emotion as Influential in
terms of indicators such as: 1. Music makes me feel affectionate or in love ( x

= 3.14, SD =

0.56), and 2. Music makes me feel nostalgic or melancholic ( x = 2.92, SD = 0.59).

Lastly, participants also identified perceived and felt emotion as Very Influential in
terms of indicators such as: 1. Music makes me feel calm. ( x

= 3.38, SD = 0.55), 2. Music

makes me feel joyful or amused ( x = 3.43, SD = 0.55), 3. Music makes me feel filled with
wonder ( x = 3.27, SD = 0.55), 4. Music makes me feel strong and energetic ( x

= 3.27, SD

= 0.51) and 5. Music makes me feel positive ( x = 3.43, SD = 0.52).

The table reveals that participants doesnt identified Perceived and Felt emotion as Not
at all Influential in terms of all indicators.
Music can be used to investigate mixed emotions such as pleasant sadness (Zentner,
Grandjean, & Scherer, 2008).
Table 14. Influence of music on teenagers Perceived and Felt emotion
INDICATORS

MEAN

STD. DEVIATION

INTERPRETATION

1. Music makes me feel sad or

2.72

0.68

Slightly Influential

sorrowful.
2. Music makes me feel

3.14

0.56

Influential

affectionate or in love.
3. Music makes me feel

2.92

0.59

Influential

nostalgic or melancholic.
4. Music makes me feel tense or

2.27

0.77

Slightly Influential

nervous.
5. Music makes me feel calm.
6. Music makes me feel joyful

3.38
3.43

0.55
0.55

Very Influential
Very Influential

or amused.
7. Music makes me feel filled

3.27

0.55

Very Influential

with wonder.
8. Music makes me feel strong

3.27

0.51

Very Influential

and energetic.
9. Music makes me feel positive
10. Music makes me feel

3.43
1.98

0.52
0.84

Very Influential
Slightly Influential

2.98

0.61

Influential

negative.
Grand Mean
Scale:
1.0 - 1.74 = Not at all Influential

2.80 - 3.24 = Influential

1.75 - 2.79 = Slightly Influential

3.25 4.0 = Very Influential

In related study of Kawakami A., Furukawa K, Okanoya K. (2014), entitled Music

evokes vicarious emotions in listeners find out that felt emotion would not necessarily
correspond with perceived emotion. Their results showed that, although the sad music was
perceived as more tragic, participants did not experience the corresponding tragic emotions,
Simply listening to music can evoke changes in the major reaction components of an
emotion. It has always been considered to be a way of communicating peoples expressions

COMMUNICATION IN MUSIC: INFLUENCE ON TEENAGERS EMOTION

Undergraduate Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of the
College of Arts and Sciences
Cavite State University
Indang, Cavite

In partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree
Bachelor of Arts in Journalism

CYRINE JOY B. JAVIER

MONALIZA P. PEALBA
2015