ANEXOS

Anexo 1: Tabla de conversiones

Anexo 2: Constante de los gases Ideales
Anexo 3: Propiedades de Sustancias Puras
Anexo 4: Datos Termodinmicos para compuestos
orgnicos

ANEXO 1: TABLA DE
CONVERSIONES

Tabla de Conversiones
Longitud
Centmetro (cm)
1
100
2.54
30.48
91.44

1 Centmetro (cm)

1 Metro (m)
1 Pulgada (In)
1 Pie (ft)
1 Yarda (Yd)

Metro (m)
0.01
1.0
0.0254
0.3048
0.9144

Pulgada (In)

Pie (Ft)
0.0328
3.281
0.0833
1.0
3.0

0.3937
39.37
1.0
12.0
36.0

Yarda (Yd)
0.0109
1.0936
0.0278
0.3333
1.0

Masa
Gramo (g)
1
1000
28.35
435.6

1 gramo (g)
1 kilogramo (Kg)
1 Onza (oz)
1 Libra (lb)

Kilogramo (Kg)
0.001
1
0.02835
0.4536

Onza (oz)
0.03527
35.27
1
16

1 libra (lb)
2.205x10-3
2.205
0.0625
1

1 in2
0.1550
1550
1
144

1 ft2
0.001076
10.76
0.006994
1

Area
1 cm2
1
10000
6.452
929

1 cm2
1 m2
1 in2
1 ft2

1 m2
0.0001
1
0.0006452
0.09290

Volumen
cm3
1
1000
1000000
16.3871
28317

1 cm
1 litro
1 m3
1 in3
1 ft3

Litro
0.001
1
1000
0.016387
28.3168

m3
0.000001
0.001
1
0.000016387
0.028317

In3
0.061024
61.024
6102.4
1
1728

Ft3
0.000035315
0.035315
35.315
0.0005787
1

Temperatura
Escala

Escala

A Kelvin

A Fahrenheit

De Kelvin

Escala

A Celsius

De Celsius

De Fahrenheit

Escala

A Rankine

De Rankine

Tabla de conversiones de Presin

mm Hg
PSI

atms.

"H2O mmH2O cmH2O

1,00

0,0681

27,71

703,8

14,70

407,2

0,04

0,00246

0,00

( Torr ) cm Hg

mbar

Bar

Pa (
N/m2)

Kpa

Mpa

2,036

51,715

5,17

68,95

0,0689

6895

6,895

0,069

29,92

760

76

1013

1013

101,325 101,3

0,1013

1,866

0,187

oz/in2

Kg/cm2

"Hg

70,38

16

0,0704

10343

1034,3

235,1

1,033

25,4

2,54

0,5775 0,00254 0,0735

0,000097 0,0394

0,1

0,0227

0,01

0,000967 0,3937

10

0,06

0,00425

1,732

43,986

14,22

0,968

394,1

0,49

0,03342

248,8

0,249 0,00025

0,0001 0,00289 0,0735 0,0074 0,098 9,8E-05

9,8

0,0098 0,00001

0,227

0,001

0,0289

0,735

0,0735

0,98

0,00098

98

0,098

4,4

0,0044

0,1273

3,232

0,323

4,31

0,00431

431

0,431 0,00043

100,01

1001

227,6

28,96

735,6

73,56 980,07

0,981

98,067

13,61

345,7

34,57

7,858

0,0345

25,4

2,54

33,86

0,0339

3386

3,386 0,00339

0,02

0,001316 0,536

13,61

1,361

0,31

0,00136 0,0394

0,1

1,333 0,00133

133,3

0,1333 0,00013

0,19

0,01316

5,358

136,1

13,61

3,1

0,0136

10

13,33 0,01333

1333

1,333 0,00133

0,01

0,000987 0,4012

10,21

1,021

0,2321 0,00102 0,0295

0,75

0,075

0,001

100

0,1

0,0001

1021

232,1

750

75

1000

1000000

100

0,1

0,01

0,00001

0,001

1E-06

1,02

0,394

29,53

2,488 0,00249

98,07

0,0001
0,0981

14,50

0,987

401,9

10210

0,00

0,00001

0,004

0,102

0,0102 0,00232 0,00001 0,0003

0,15

0,00987

4,019

102,07

10,207

2,321

0,0102

0,295

7,5

0,75

10

0,01

1000

0,001

145,04

9,869

4019

102,074 10207

2321

10,2

295,3

7500

750

10000

10

1000000

1000

0,0075 0,0008

_______________________________________________________________________________________
Direccin: Barros Arana 1081 Of. 2 Piso I Concepcin / Chile
Fono: 56-41-214429 / 934132 - Fax:934132
www.tecnomatic.cl - ventas@tecnomatic.cl

ANEXO 2: CONSTANTE
UNIVERSAL DE LOS
GASES IDEALES

El valor de R en distintas unidades es:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

ANEXO 3: PROPIEDADES
DE SUSTANCIAS PURAS
(VAN DER WAALS)

Apndice B
Apndice
Propiedades de especies
especies puras
Propiedades

especies puras
Tabla B.l Propiedades
Propiedades caractersticas
caractersticas de especies
Tabla
puras
Para varias
varias especies
especies qumicas,
qumicas, se listan
listan los valores
valores de la masa
masa molar
molar (peso
(peso molecular),
molecular), factor
factor acntrico
acntrico ro,
0),
Para
temperatura crtica
crtica Te,
Te. presin
presin crtica
crtica Pe,
P e, factor
factor de compresibilidad
compresibilidad crtico
crtico Ze,
Ze, volumen
volumen molar
molar crtico
crtico Ve Y
temperatura
punto de ebullicin
ebullicin normal
normal T
Tn.
Resumidos y reproducidos
reproducidos con
con autorizacin
autorizacin del Proyecto
Proyecto 801,
801, DIPPR,
DIPPR, DeDepunto
n . Resumidos
sign Institute
Institute for Physical
Physical Property
Property Data
Data of
of the American
American Institute
Institute of
of Chemical
Chemical Engineers.
Engineers. La
La recopilacin
recopilacin
sign
total de datos,
datos, 1405
1405 sustancias
sustancias qumicas
qumicas existentes
existentes en 1995,
1995, est
est publicada
publicada por
por T. E. Daube11,
Daubert, R. P.
P. Danner,
Danner,
total
Sibul y
Y C. C. Stebbins,
Stebbins, Physical
Physical and
and Thermodynamic
Thermodynamic Properties
Properties of
oi Pure
Pure Chemicals:
Chemicals: Data
Data CompilaCompilaH. M. Sibul
tion, Taylor
Taylor & Francis,
Francis, Bristol,
incluyen valores
valores para
para 26 constantes
constantes fsicas
fsicas y los valores
valores por
por regresin
regresin
Bristol, PA. Se incluyen
parmetros para
para las ecuaciones
ecuaciones de dependencia
dependencia con
con la temperatura
temperatura de 13 propiedades
propiedades termodinmicas
termodinmicas
de los parmetros
transporte.
y de transporte.
Versiones electrnicas
electrnicas de los mismos
mismos autores
autores incluyen:
incluyen:
Versiones
DIPPR Data
Data Compilation
Compilation of
of Pure
Pure Compound
Compound Properties,
Properties, Archivos
Archivos ASCII,
ASCII, Nacional
Nacional Institute
Institute of
of
DIPPR
Science and
and Tecnology,
Tecnology, Standard
Standard Referente
Referente Data,
Data, Gaithersburg,
Gaithersburg, MD,
MD, 1 458
458 sustancias
sustancias qumicas
qumicas exisexisScience
tentes en 1995 .
tentes
DIPPR Data
Data Compilation,
Compilation, Student
Student DIPPR
DIPPR Database,
Database, Versin
Versin PC-DOS,
PC-DOS, Nacional
Nacional Institute
Institute of
of Science
Science
DIPPR
and Technology,
Technology, Standard
Standard Reference
Reference Data,
Data, Gaithersburg,
Gaithersburg, MD,
MD, 100 sustancias
sustancias qumicas
qumicas comunes
comunes para
para
and
propsitos de enseanza,
enseanza, 1995.
1995.
propsitos

679
http://gratislibrospdf.com/

APNDICE B. Propiedades de especies puras

680

Tabla B.I: Propiedades caractersticas

Masa
molar
Metano
Etano
Propano
n-Butano
n-Pentano
n-Hexano
n-Heptano
n-Octano
n-Nonano
n-Decano
Isobutano
Isooctano
Ciclopentano
Ciclohexano
Metilciclopentano
Metilciclohexano
Etileno
Propileno
l-Buteno
cis-2-Buteno
trans-2-Buteno
I-Hexeno
Isobutileno
1,3-Butadieno
Ciclohexeno
Acetileno
Benceno
Tolueno
Etilbenceno
Cumeno
o-Xileno
m-Xileno
p-Xileno
Estreno
Naftaleno
Bifenilo
Formaldehdo
Acetaldehdo
Acetato de metilo
Acetato de etilo
Acetona
Metil etil cetona
ter dietlico
ter metl t-butlico

16.043
30.070
44.097
58.123
72.150
86.177
100.204
114.231
128.258
142.285
58.123
114.231
70.134
84.161
84.161
98.188
28.054
42.081
56.108
56.108
56.108
84.161
56.108
54.092
82.145
26.038
78.114
92.141
106.167
120.194
106.167
106.167
106.167
104.152
128.l74
154.211
30.026
44.053
74.079
88.106
58.080
72.107
74.123
88.150

de especies puras

Te/K

Pe/bar

Ze

0.012
0.100
0.152
0.200
0.252
0.301
0.350
0.400
0.444
0.492
0.181
0.302
0.196
0.210
0.230
0.235
0.087
0.140
0.191
0.205
0.218
0.280
0.194
0.190
0.212
0.187
0.210
0.262
0.303
0.326
0.310
0.326
0.322
0.297
0.302
0.365
0.282
0.291
0.331
0.366
0.307
0.323
0.281
0.266

190.6
305.3
369.8
425.1
469.7
507.6
540.2
568.7
594.6
617.7
408.1
544.0
511.8

45.99
48.72
42.48
37.96
33.70
30.25
27.40
24.90
22.90
21.10
36.48
25.68
45.02
40.73
37.85
34.71
50.40

0.286
0.279
0.276
0.274
0.270
0.266
0.261
0.256
0.252
0.247
0.282
0.266
0.273
0.273
0.272
0.269
0.281
0.289
0.277
0.273
0.275
0.265
0.275
0.267
0.272
0.271
0.271
0.264
0.263
0.261
0.263
0.259
0.260
0.256
0.269
0.295
0.223
0.221
0.257
0.255
0.233
0.249
0.263
0.273

553.6
532.8
572.2
282.3
365.6
420.0
435.6
428.6
504.0
4l7.9
425.2
560.4
308.3
562.2
591.8
6l7.2
631.1
630.3
617.1
616.2
636.0
748.4
789.3
408.0
466.0
506.6
523.3
508.2
535.5
466.7
497.1

46.65
40.43
42.43
41.00
31.40
40.00
42.77
43.50
61.39
48.98
41.06
36.06
32.09
37.34
35.36
35.11
38.40
40.51
38.50
65.90
55.50
47.50
38.80
47.01
41.50
36.40
34.30

http://gratislibrospdf.com/

Ve
cm3 mor !
98.6
145.5
200.0
255.
313.
371.
428.
486.
544.
600.
262.7
468.
258.
308.
319.
368.
131.
188.4
239.3
233.8
237.7
354.
238.9
220.4
291.
113.
259.
316.
374.
427.
369.
376.
379.
352.
413.
502.
115.
154.
228.
286.
209.
267.
280.
329.

Tn/K
111.4
184.6
231.1
272.7
309.2
341.9
371.6
398.8
424.0
447.3
261.4
372.4
322.4
353.9
345.0
374.1
169.4
225.5
266.9
276.9
274.0
336.3
266.3
268.7
356.1
189.4
353.2
383.8
409.4
425.6
417.6
412.3
411.5
418.3
491.2
528.2
254.1
294.0
330.1
350.2
329.4
352.8
307.6
328.4

as

681

Tabla B.l: (Contina)

Masa
molar
Metanol
Etanol
l-Propanol
l-Butanol
l-Hexanol
2-Propanol
Fenol
Etilenglicol
cido actico
cido n-Butrico
cido benzoico
Acetonitrilo
Metilarnina
Etilarnina
Nitrometano
Tetrac1oruro de carbono
Cloroformo
Dic1orometano
Cloruro de metilo
Cloruro de etilo
Clorobenceno
Tetrafiuoroetano
Argn
Kriptn
Xenn
Helio 4
Hidrgeno
Oxgeno
Nitrgeno
Airet
Cloro
Monxido de carbono
Dixido de carbono
Disulfuro de carbono
Sulfuro de hidrgeno
Dixido de azufre
Trixido de azufre
xido ntrico (NO)
xido nitroso (N20)
Cloruro de hidrgeno
Cianuro de hidrgeno
Agua
Amoniaco
cido ntrico
cido sulfrico
t Seudoparmetros

32.042
46.069
60.096
74.123
102.177
60.096
94.113
62.068
60.053
88.106
122.123
41.053
31.057
45.084
61.040
153.822
119.377
84.932
50.488
64.514
112.558
102.030
39.948
83.800
131.30
4.003
2.016
31.999
28.014
28.851
70.905
28.010
44.010
76.143
34.082
64.065
80.064
30.006
44.013
36.461
27.026
18.015
17.031
63.013
98.080

TelK

Pcfbar

0.564
0.645
0.622
0.594
0.579
0.668
0.444
0.487
0.467
0.681
0.603
0.338
0.281
0.285
0.348
0.193
0.222
0.199
0.153
0.190
0.250
0.327
0.000
0.000
0.000
-0.390
-0.216
0.022
0.038
0.035
0.069
0.048
0.224
0.111
0.094
0.245
0.424
0.583
0.141
0.132
0.410
0.345
0.253
0.714

512.6
513.9
536.8
563.1
611.4

80.97
61.48
51.75
44.23
35.10
47.62
61.30
77.00
57.86
40.64
44.70
48.30
74.60
56.20
63.10
45.60
54.72
60.80
66.80
52.70
45.20
40.60
48.98
55.02
58.40
2.28
13.13
50.43
34.00
37.45
77.10
34.99
73.83
79.00
89.63
78.84
82.10
64.80
72.45
83.10
53.90
220.55
112.80
68.90
64.00

508.3
694.3
719.7
592.0
615.7
751.0
545.5
430.1
456.2
588.2
556.4
536.4
510.0
416.3
460.4
632.4
374.2
150.9
209.4
289.7
5.2
33.19
154.6
126.2
132.2
417.2
132.9
304.2
552.0
373.5
430.8
490.9
180.2
309.6
324.7
456.7
647.1
405.7
520.0
924.0

0.224
0.240
0.254
0.260
0.263
0.248
0.243
0.246
0.211
0.232
0.246
0.184
0.321
0.307
0.223
0.272
0.293
0.265
0.276
0.275
0.265
0.258
0.291
0.288
0.286
0.302
0.305
0.288
0.289
0.289
0.265
0.299
0.274
0.275
0.284
0.269
0.255
0.251
0.274
0.249
0.197
0.229
0.242
0.231
0.147

para YN = 0.79 Y YO = 0.21. Vea las ecuaciones

2
2

http://gratislibrospdf.com/

Ve
cm3 mol-1

Ze

118.
167.
219.
275.
381.
220.
229.
191.0
179.7
291.7
344.
173.
154.
207.
173.
276.
239.
185.
143.
200.
308.
198.0
74.6
91.2
118.0
57.3
64.1
73.4
89.2
84.8
124.
93.4
94.0
160.
98.5
122.
127.
58.0
97.4
81.
139.
55.9
72.5
145.
177.

(6.97)-(6.99)

TnlK
337.9
351.4
370.4
390.8
430.6
355.4
455.0
470.5
391.1
436.4
522.4
354.8
266.8
289.7
374.4
349.8
334.3
312.9
249.1
285.4
404.9
247.1
87.3
119.8
165.0
4.2
20.4
90.2
77.3
239.1
81.7
319.4
212.8
263.1
317.9
121.4
184.7
188.2
298.9
373.2
239.7
356.2
610.0

ANEXO 4: DATOS
TERMODINMICOS
PARA COMPUESTOS
ORGNICOS

Resource section 3: Data

Table 1

Thermodynamic data for organic compounds (all values relate to 298.15 K)

M/g mol1

D f H 9/
kJ mol1
0

D f G 9/
kJ mol1

9
C p,m
/
J K1 mol1

5.740

8.527

393.51

+2.377

6.113

395.40

D c H 9/
kJ mol1

C(s) (graphite)

12.011

C(s) (diamond)

12.011

CO2(g)

44.010

393.51

394.36

213.74

37.11

CH4(g), methane

16.04

74.81

50.72

186.26

35.31

CH3(g), methyl

15.04

+145.69

+147.92

194.2

38.70

C2H2(g), ethyne

26.04

+226.73

+209.20

200.94

43.93

1300

C2H4(g), ethene

28.05

+52.26

+68.15

219.56

43.56

1411

C2H6(g), ethane

30.07

84.68

32.82

229.60

52.63

1560

C3H6(g), propene

42.08

+20.42

+62.78

267.05

63.89

2058

C3H6(g), cyclopropane

42.08

103.85

23.49

269.91

73.5

2220

C4H8(g), 1-butene

56.11

0.13

+71.39

305.71

85.65

2717

C4H8(g), cis-2-butene

56.11

6.99

+65.95

300.94

78.91

2710

+1.895

Sm9 /
J K1 mol1

+2.900

Hydrocarbons
890

C4H8(g), trans-2-butene

56.11

11.17

+63.06

296.59

87.82

2707

C4H10(g), butane

58.13

126.15

17.03

310.23

97.45

2878

C5H12(g), pentane

72.15

146.44

8.20

348.40

120.2

C5H12(l)

72.15

173.1

C6H6(l), benzene

78.12

+49.0

+124.3

173.3

136.1

C6H6(g)

78.12

+82.93

+129.72

269.31

C6H12(l), cyclohexane

84.16

156

C6H14(l), hexane

86.18

198.7

C6H5CH3(g), methylbenzene (toluene)

92.14

+50.0

100.21

224.4

C8H18(l), octane

114.23

249.9

C8H18(l), iso-octane

114.23

255.1

C10H8(s), naphthalene

128.18

+78.53

C7H16(l), heptane

26.8

81.67
156.5

3537
3268
3320
3902
4163

204.3
+122.0

320.7

103.6

+1.0

328.6

224.3

+6.4

361.1

3953
5471
5461
5157

Alcohols and phenols

CH3OH(l), methanol

32.04

238.86

166.27

126.8

81.6

CH3OH(g)

32.04

200.66

166.27

239.81

43.89

726
764

C2H5OH(l), ethanol

46.07

277.69

174.78

160.7

111.46

1368

C2H5OH(g)

46.07

235.10

168.49

282.70

65.44

1409

C6H5OH(s), phenol

94.12

165.0

50.9

146.0

3054

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/g mol1

D f H 9/
kJ mol1

D f G 9/
kJ mol1

Sm9 /
J K1 mol1

9
C p,m
/
J K1 mol1

561

D c H 9/
kJ mol1

Carboxylic acids, hydroxy acids, and esters

HCOOH(l), formic

46.03

424.72

361.35

128.95

CH3COOH(l), ethanoic

60.05

484.3

389.9

159.8

CH3COOH(aq)

60.05

485.76

396.46

178.7

CH3CO2 (aq)

59.05

486.01

369.31

86.6

CH3(CO)COOH(l), pyruvic

88.06

CH3(CH2)2COOH(l), butanoic

88.10

533.8

CH3COOC2H5(l), ethyl acetate

88.10

479.0

(COOH)2(s), oxalic

90.04

827.2

99.04
124.3

875

6.3
950

332.7

259.4

170.1
117

90.08

694.0

522.9

HOOCCH2CH2COOH(s), succinic

118.09

940.5

747.4

153.1

167.3

C6H5COOH(s), benzoic

122.13

385.1

245.3

167.6

146.8

CH3(CH2)8COOH(s), decanoic

172.27

713.7

C6H8O6(s), ascorbic

176.12

1164.6

HOOCCH2C(OH)(COOH) CH2COOH(s), citric

192.12

1543.8

CH3CH(OH)COOH(s), lactic

255

2231
254
1344

1236.4

3227

1985

CH3(CH2)10COOH(s), dodecanoic

200.32

774.6

CH3(CH2)14COOH(s), hexadecanoic

256.41

891.5

C18H36O2(s), stearic

284.48

947.7

HCHO(g), methanal

30.03

108.57

102.53

218.77

CH3CHO(l), ethanal

44.05

192.30

128.12

160.2

CH3CHO(g)

44.05

166.19

128.86

250.3

57.3

1192

CH3COCH3(l), propanone

58.08

248.1

155.4

200.4

124.7

1790

917.2

212.1

918.8

205.4

404.3
501.5

Alkanals and alkanones

35.40

571
1166

Sugars
C5H10O5(s), d-ribose

150.1

1051.1

C5H10O5(s), d-xylose

150.1

1057.8

C6H12O6(s), a-d-glucose

180.16

1273.3

C6H12O6(s), b-d-glucose

180.16

1268

C6H12O6(s), b-d-fructose

180.16

1265.6

C6H12O6(s), a-d-galactose

180.16

1286.3

C12H22O11(s), sucrose

342.30

2226.1

1543

360.2

C12H22O11(s), lactose

342.30

2236.7

1567

386.2

Amino acids

2808
2810
5645

l-Glycine
solid

75.07

528.5

373.4

103.5

aqueous solution

75.07

469.8

315.0

111.0

89.09

604.0

369.9
508.8

l-Alanine

99.2

969

129.2

122.2

1618

149.2

135.6

1455

164.0

151.2

l-Serine

105.09

732.7

l-Proline

115.13

515.2

l-Valine

117.15

617.9

359.0

178.9

168.8

2922

l-Threonine

119.12

807.2

550.2

152.7

147.3

2053

l-Cysteine

121.16

534.1

340.1

169.9

162.3

1651

562

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/g mol1

D f H 9/
kJ mol1

D f G 9/
kJ mol1

Sm9 /
J K1 mol1

9
C p,m
/
J K1 mol1

D c H 9/
kJ mol1

l-Leucine

131.17

637.4

347.7

211.8

200.1

3582

l-Isoleucine

131.17

637.8

347.3

208.0

188.3

3581

l-Asparagine

132.12

789.4

530.1

174.5

160.2

530

l-Aspartic acid

133.10

973.3

730.1

170.1

155.2

1601

l-Glutamine

146.15

826.4

532.6

195.0

184.2

2570

l-Glutamic acid

147.13

1009.7

731.4

188.2

175.0

2244

l-Methionine

149.21

577.5

505.8

231.5

290.0

2782

l-Histidine

155.16

466.7

l-Phenylalanine

165.19

466.9

211.7

213.6

203.0

4647

l-Tyrosine

181.19

685.1

385.8

214.0

216.4

4442

l-Tryptophan

204.23

415.3

119.2

251.0

238.1

5628

l-Cystine

240.32

1032.7

685.8

280.6

261.9

3032

NH2CH2CONHCH2COOH(s), glycylglycine

132.12

747.7

NH2CH(CH3)CONHCH2COOH, alanylglycine

146.15

Peptides
487.9

180.3

164.0

1972

489.9

213.4

182.4

2619

+32.16

243.41

53.1

1085

197.33

104.60

93.14

Other nitrogen compounds

22.97

CH3NH2(g), methylamine

31.06

(NH2)2CO(s), urea

60.06

333.1

C6H5NH2(l), aniline

93.13

+31.1

C4H5N3O(s), cytosine

111.10

221.3

C4H4N2O2(s), uracil

112.09

429.4

C5H6N2O2(s), thymine

126.11

462.8

C5H5N5(s), adenine

135.14

+96.9

+299.6

151.1

C5H5N5O(s), guanine

151.13

183.9

+47.4

160.3

632
3393

132.6
150.8
147.0

See the Atlas of structures, Section A, for the molecular structures of the amino acids. Unless otherwise noted, data relate to the substance in
the solid state.

Table 2

Thermodynamic data (all values relate to 298.15 K)*

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

Aluminum
Al(s)

26.98

0
+10.56

Al(l)

26.98

Al(g)

26.98

+326.4

Al3+(g)

26.98

+5483.17

0
+7.20
+285.7

28.33

24.35

39.55

24.21

164.54

21.38

Al3+(aq)

26.98

531

485

Al2O3(s, )

101.96

1675.7

1582.3

321.7
50.92

79.04

AlCl3(s)

133.24

704.2

628.8

110.67

91.84

154.84

20.786

Argon
Ar(g)

39.95

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

Antimony
Sb(s)

121.75

45.69

25.23

SbH3(g)

153.24

+145.11

+147.75

232.78

41.05

74.92

35.1

24.64

174.21

20.79

Arsenic
As(s,a)
As(g)

74.92

+302.5

+261.0

As4(g)

299.69

+143.9

+92.4

314

+68.93

222.78

AsH3(g)

77.95

+66.44

38.07

Barium
Ba(s)

137.34

Ba(g)

137.34

+180

+146

62.8

28.07

170.24

20.79

Ba2+(aq)

137.34

537.64

560.77

BaO(s)

153.34

553.5

525.1

70.43

47.78

BaCl2(s)

208.25

858.6

810.4

123.68

75.14

+9.6

9.50

16.44

136.27

20.79

56.74

25.52

187.00

20.79

152.23

75.689

Beryllium
Be(s)

9.01

Be(g)

9.01

0
+324.3

0
+286.6

Bismuth
Bi(s)

208.98

Bi(g)

208.98

0
+207.1

0
+168.2

Bromine
Br2(l)

159.82

Br2(g)

159.82

Br(g)

79.91

+111.88

Br(g)

79.91

219.07

Br (aq)

79.91

121.55

103.96

+82.4

HBr(g)

90.92

36.40

53.45

198.70

0
+30.907

0
+3.110

245.46

36.02

+82.396

175.02

20.786
141.8
29.142

Cadmium
Cd(s,)

112.40

51.76

25.98

Cd(g)

112.40

+112.01

+77.41

167.75

20.79

77.612

73.2

75.90

Cd2+(aq)

112.40

CdO(s)

128.40

258.2

228.4

54.8

CdCO3(s)

172.41

750.6

669.4

92.5

43.43

Caesium: see cesium

Calcium
Ca(s)

40.08

41.42

25.31

Ca(g)

40.08

+178.2

+144.3

154.88

20.786

Ca2+(aq)

40.08

542.83

553.58

53.1

CaO(s)
CaCO3(s) (calcite)

56.08
100.09

635.09
1206.9

604.03
1128.8

563

39.75

42.80

92.9

81.88

564

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

100.09

1207.1

1127.8

88.7

CaF2(s)

78.08

1219.6

1167.3

68.87

CaCl2(s)

110.99

795.8

748.1

104.6

CaBr2(s)

199.90

682.8

663.6

130

CaCO3(s) (aragonite)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

81.25
67.03
72.59

Carbon ( for organic compounds, see Table 1)

C(s) (graphite)

12.011

C(s) (diamond)

12.011

C(g)

12.011

+716.68

+671.26

158.10

20.838

C2(g)

24.022

+831.90

+775.89

199.42

43.21

CO(g)

28.011

110.53

137.17

197.67

29.14

CO2(g)

44.010

393.51

394.36

213.74

37.11

CO2(aq)

44.010

413.80

385.98

117.6

H2CO3(aq)

62.03

699.65

623.08

187.4

HCO3(aq)

61.02

691.99

586.77

+91.2

60.01

677.14

527.81

56.9

CCl4(l)

153.82

135.44

65.21

216.40

131.75

CS2(l)

76.14

+89.70

+65.27

151.34

75.7

2
3

CO (aq)

0
+1.895

0
+2.900

5.740
2.377

8.527
6.133

HCN(g)

27.03

+135.1

+124.7

201.78

35.86

HCN(l)

27.03

+108.87

+124.97

112.84

70.63

CN(aq)

26.02

+150.6

+172.4

+94.1

Cesium
Cs(s)

132.91

85.23

Cs(g)

132.91

+76.06

+49.12

175.60

Cs+(aq)

132.91

258.28

292.02

+133.05

32.17
20.79
10.5

Chlorine
Cl2(g)

70.91

223.07

33.91

Cl(g)

35.45

+121.68

+105.68

165.20

21.840

Cl(g)

35.45

233.13

Cl (aq)

35.45

167.16

131.23

+56.5

HCl(g)

36.46

92.31

95.30

186.91

HCl(aq)

36.46

167.16

131.23

56.5

52.00

23.77

23.35
20.79

136.4
29.12
136.4

Chromium
Cr(s)

52.00

+396.6

+351.8

174.50

CrO42(aq)

115.99

881.15

727.75

+50.21

Cr2O72(aq)

215.99

Cr(g)

1490.3

1301.1

+261.9

Copper
Cu(s)

63.54

Cu(g)

63.54

+338.32

+298.58

166.38

Cu+(aq)

63.54

+71.67

+49.98

+40.6

Cu2+(aq)

63.54

+64.77

+65.49

99.6

Cu2O(s)

143.08

168.6

146.0

33.150

93.14

24.44
20.79

63.64

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

79.54

157.3

129.7

CuSO4(s)

159.60

771.36

661.8

109

100.0

CuSO4H2O(s)

177.62

1085.8

918.11

146.0

134

CuSO45H2O(s)

249.68

2279.7

300.4

280

CuO(s)

1879.7

42.63

42.30

Deuterium
D2(g)

4.028

HD(g)

3.022

D2O(g)

20.028

0
+0.318
249.20

0
1.464
234.54

144.96

29.20

143.80

29.196

198.34

34.27

D2O(l)

20.028

294.60

243.44

75.94

84.35

HDO(g)

19.022

245.30

233.11

199.51

33.81

HDO(l)

19.022

289.89

241.86

79.29

F2(g)

38.00

202.78

Fluorine
F(g)

19.00

+78.99

+61.91

158.75

F (aq)

19.00

332.63

278.79

13.8

HF(g)

20.01

271.1

273.2

173.78

31.30
22.74
106.7
29.13

Gold
Au(s)

196.97

Au(g)

196.97

0
+366.1

0
+326.3

47.40

25.42

180.50

20.79

126.15

20.786

Helium
He(g)

4.003

Hydrogen (see also deuterium)

H2(g)

2.016

130.684

28.824

H(g)

1.008

+217.97

+203.25

114.71

20.784

H+(aq)

1.008

H2O(l)

18.015

285.83

237.13

69.91

75.291

H2O(g)

18.015

241.82

228.57

188.83

33.58

H2O2(l)

34.015

187.78

120.35

109.6

89.1

116.135

54.44

Iodine
I2(s)

253.81

I2(g)

253.81

+62.44

+19.33

260.69

36.90

I(g)

126.90

+106.84

+70.25

180.79

20.786

I(aq)

126.90

55.19

51.57

HI(g)

127.91

+26.48

+1.70

+111.3
206.59

142.3
29.158

Iron
Fe(s)

55.85

Fe(g)

55.85

+416.3

Fe2+(aq)

55.85

89.1

0
+370.7

27.28

25.10

180.49

25.68

78.90

137.7

55.85

48.5

4.7

315.9

Fe3O4(s) (magnetite)

231.54

1184.4

1015.4

146.4

Fe2O3(s) (hematite)

159.69

824.2

742.2

3+

Fe (aq)

87.40

565

143.43
103.85

566

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

FeS(s,a)

87.91

100.0

100.4

60.29

50.54

FeS2(s)

119.98

178.2

166.9

52.93

62.17

164.08

20.786

Krypton
Kr(g)

83.80

Lead
Pb(s)

207.19

Pb(g)

207.19

+195.0

Pb2+(aq)

207.19

1.7

0
+161.9
24.43

64.81

26.44

175.37

20.79

+10.5

PbO(s, yellow)

223.19

217.32

187.89

68.70

45.77

PbO(s, red)

223.19

218.99

188.93

66.5

45.81

PbO2(s)

239.19

277.4

217.33

68.6

64.64

Lithium
Li(s)

6.94

29.12

24.77

Li(g)

6.94

+159.37

+126.66

138.77

20.79

Li+(aq)

6.94

278.49

293.31

+13.4

+68.6

Magnesium
Mg(s)

24.31

32.68

24.89

Mg(g)

24.31

+147.70

+113.10

148.65

20.786

Mg 2+(aq)

24.31

466.85

454.8

601.70

569.43

MgO(s)

40.31

MgCO3(s)

84.32

MgCl2(s)

95.22

641.32

591.79

MgBr2(s)

184.13

524.3

503.8

1095.8

1012.1

138.1
26.94

37.15

65.7

75.52

89.62

71.38

117.2

Mercury
Hg(l)

200.59

76.02

27.983

Hg(g)

200.59

+61.32

+31.82

174.96

20.786

200.59

+171.1

+164.40

32.2

2+
2

Hg (aq)

401.18

+172.4

+153.52

+84.5

HgO(s)

216.59

90.83

58.54

Hg2Cl2(s)

472.09

265.22

210.75

192.5

HgCl2(s)

271.50

224.3

178.6

146.0

HgS(s, black)

232.65

53.6

47.7

88.3

20.18

146.33

20.786

28.013

191.61

29.125

Hg 2+(aq)

70.29

44.06
102

Neon
Ne(g)
Nitrogen
N2(g)
N(g)

14.007

+472.70

+455.56

153.30

20.786

NO(g)

30.01

+90.25

+86.55

210.76

29.844

N2O(g)

44.01

+82.05

+104.20

219.85

38.45

NO2(g)

46.01

+33.18

+51.31

240.06

37.20

N2O4(g)

92.01

+9.16

+97.89

304.29

77.28

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

N2O5(s)

108.01

43.1

+113.9

178.2

143.1

N2O5(g)

108.01

+11.3

+115.1

355.7

84.5

HNO3(l)

63.01

174.10

80.71

155.60

109.87

HNO3(aq)

63.01

207.36

111.25

146.4

86.6

NO3(aq)

62.01

205.0

108.74

+146.4

86.6

NH3(g)

17.03

46.11

16.45

192.45

NH3(aq)

17.03

80.29

26.50

113.3

NH4+(aq)

18.04

132.51

79.31

+113.4

NH2OH(s)

33.03

114.2

HN3(l)

43.03

+264.0

+327.3

140.6

NH3(g)

43.03

+294.1

+328.1

238.97

35.06
+79.9

43.68

N2H4(l)

32.05

+50.63

+149.43

121.21

NH4NO3(s)

80.04

365.56

183.87

151.08

139.3

NH4Cl(s)

53.49

314.43

202.87

94.6

84.1

O2(g)

31.999

205.138

29.355
21.912

98.87

Oxygen
O(g)

15.999

+249.17

+231.73

161.06

O3(g)

47.998

+142.7

+163.2

238.93

OH (aq)

17.007

229.99

157.24

10.75

39.20
148.5

Phosphorus
P(s, wh)

30.97

41.09

23.840

P(g)

30.97

+314.64

+278.25

163.19

20.786

P2(g)

61.95

+144.3

+103.7

P4(g)

123.90

+58.91

218.13

32.05

+24.44

279.98

67.15

PH3(g)

34.00

+5.4

+13.4

210.23

37.11

PCl3(g)

137.33

287.0

267.8

311.78

71.84

PCl3(l)

137.33

319.7

272.3

217.1

PCl5(g)

208.24

374.9

305.0

364.6

112.8

PCl5(s)

208.24

443.5

H3PO3(s)

82.00

964.4

H3PO3(aq)

82.00

964.8

H3PO4(s)

94.97

1279.0

1119.1

110.50

106.06

H3PO4(l)

94.97

1266.9

H3PO4(aq)

94.97

1277.4

1018.7

222

PO43(aq)

94.97

1277.4

1018.7

222

P4O10(s)

283.89

2984.0

2697.0

P4O6(s)

219.89

1640.1

228.86

211.71

Potassium
K(s)

39.10

64.18

29.58

K(g)

39.10

+89.24

+60.59

160.336

20.786

K+(g)

39.10

+514.26

39.10

252.38

K (aq)

283.27

+102.5

567

+21.8

568

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

KOH(s)

56.11

424.76

379.08

78.9

64.9

KF(s)

58.10

576.27

537.75

66.57

49.04

KCl(s)

74.56

436.75

409.14

82.59

51.30

KBr(s)

119.01

393.80

380.66

95.90

52.30

Kl(s)

166.01

327.90

324.89

106.32

52.93

Si(s)

28.09

18.83

20.00

Si(g)

28.09

+455.6

+411.3

167.97

22.25

SiO2(s,a)

60.09

910.93

856.64

41.84

44.43

Silicon

Silver
Ag(s)

107.87

42.55

25.351

Ag(g)

107.87

+284.55

+245.65

173.00

20.79

Ag+(aq)

107.87

+105.58

+77.11

+72.68

AgBr(s)

187.78

100.37

96.90

107.1

52.38

AgCl(s)

143.32

127.07

109.79

96.2

50.79

Ag2O(s)

231.74

31.05

11.20

121.3

65.86

AgNO3(s)

169.88

124.39

33.41

140.92

93.05

28.24

+21.8

Sodium
Na(s)

22.99

51.21

Na(g)

22.99

+107.32

+76.76

153.71

Na+(aq)

22.99

240.12

261.91

+59.0

20.79
+46.4

NaOH(s)

40.00

425.61

379.49

64.46

59.54

NaCl(s)

58.44

411.15

384.14

72.13

50.50

NaBr(s)

102.90

361.06

348.98

86.82

51.38

NaI(s)

149.89

287.78

286.06

98.53

52.09

Sulfur
S(s,a) (rhombic)

32.06

S(s,b) (monoclinic)

32.06

+0.33

31.80

22.64

+0.1

32.6

23.6

S(g)

32.06

+278.81

+238.25

167.82

23.673

S2(g)

64.13

+128.37

S2(aq)

32.06

+33.1

+79.30

228.18

32.47

+85.8

14.6

SO2(g)

64.06

296.83

300.19

248.22

SO3(g)

80.06

395.72

371.06

256.76

H2SO4(l)

98.08

813.99

690.00

156.90

H2SO4(aq)

98.08

909.27

744.53

20.1

293

39.87
50.67
138.9

SO (aq)

96.06

909.27

744.53

+20.1

293

HSO4(aq)

97.07

887.34

755.91

+131.8

84

H2S(g)

34.08

20.63

33.56

H2S(aq)

34.08

39.7

27.83

121

HS (aq)

33.072

17.6

+12.08

+62.08

2
4

SF6(g)

146.05

1209

1105.3

205.79

291.82

34.23

97.28

RESOURCE SECTION 3: DATA

M/(g mol1)

D f H 9/(kJ mol1)

Sm9 /(J K 1 mol1)

D f G 9/(kJ mol1)

569

9
C p,m
/(J K 1 mol1)

Tin
Sn(s,b)

118.69

Sn(g)

118.69

0
+302.1

0
+267.3

51.55

26.99

168.49

20.26

Sn2+(aq)

118.69

8.8

27.2

SnO(s)

134.69

285.8

256.8

17
56.5

44.31

SnO2(s)

150.69

580.7

+519.6

52.3

52.59

169.68

20.786

Xenon
Xe(g)

131.30

Zinc
Zn(s)

65.37

41.63

25.40

Zn(g)

65.37

+130.73

+95.14

160.98

20.79

Zn2+(aq)

65.37

153.89

147.06

ZnO(s)

81.37

348.28

318.30

112.1

+46

43.64

40.25

Reduction half-reaction

E 9/V

Cu2+ + e Cu+

+0.16

*Entropies and heat capacities of ions are relative to H+(aq) and are given with a sign.

Standard potentials at 298.15 K in electrochemical order

Table 3a

E 9/V

Reduction half-reaction
Strongly oxidizing
H4XeO6 + 2 H + 2 e XeO3 + 3 H2O

+3.0

Sn4+ + 2 e Sn2+

+0.15

F2 + 2 e 2 F

+2.87

AgBr + e Ag + Br

+0.07

O3 + 2 H + 2 e O2 + H2O

+2.07

Ti + e Ti

S2O82 + 2 e 2 SO42

+2.05

2 H+ + 2 e H

Ag2+ + e Ag+

+1.98

Fe3+ + 3 e Fe

4+

3+

0.00
0, by definition
0.04

Co + e Co

+1.81

O2 + H2O + 2 e HO + OH

HO2 + 2 H+ + 2 e 2 H2O

+1.78

Pb2+ + 2 e Pb

0.13
0.14

3+

2+

0.08

Au + e Au

+1.69

In + e In

Pb4+ + 2 e Pb2+

+1.67

Sn2+ + 2 e Sn

0.14

2 HClO + 2 H + + 2 e Cl2 + 2 H2O

+1.63

Agl + e Ag + I

0.15

Ce4+ + e Ce3+

+1.61

Ni2+ + 2 e Ni

0.23

2 HBrO + 2 H + 2 e Br2 + 2 H

+1.60

Co2+ + 2 e Co

0.28

MnO4 + 8 H + + 5 e Mn2+ + 4 H2O

+1.51

In3+ + 3 e In

0.34

Mn + e Mn

+1.51

Tl + e Tl

0.34

Au3+ + 3 e Au

+1.40

PbSO4 + 2 e Pb + SO2
4

0.36

Cl2 + 2 e 2 Cl

+1.36

Ti3+ + e Ti2+

0.37

3+

Cr2O + 14 H + 6 e 2 Cr + 7 H2O

+1.33

Cd + 2 e Cd

0.40

O3 + H2O + 2 e O2 + 2 OH

+1.24

In2+ + e In+

0.40

O2 + 4 H + + 4 e 2 H2O

+1.23

Cr 3+ + e Cr2+

0.41

ClO + 2 H + 2 e ClO + H2O

+1.23

Fe + 2 e Fe

0.44

MnO2 + 4 H + + 2 e Mn2+ + 2 H2O

+1.23

In3+ + 2 e In+

0.44

3+

2+

2
7

2+

2+