Basic

Hospital Administration
Tito Yustiawan, drg., M.Kes.
Health Administration and Policy Department
Public Health Faculty Airlangga University

Outline Tatap Muka - 1

! Why Study Hospital Administration?
! What is Hospital Role in Healthcare System
! What is Hospital Administration?

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ENVIRON
MENT

ECOLOGY
BALANCE

PSYCHO-SOCIOSOMATIC

HEALTH

WELL-BEING

BEHAVIOR

NATURAL
RESOURCE

HERE
DITY

POPULATION

CULTURAL
SYSTEM

HEALTH
CARE
SERVICES

MENTAL
HEALTH

ENVIRON
MENT

ECOLOGY
BALANCE

PSYCHO-SOCIOSOMATIC

HEALTH

WELL-BEING

BEHAVIOR

NATURAL
RESOURCE

HERE
DITY

POPULATION

CULTURAL
SYSTEM

HEALTH
CARE
SERVICES

MENTAL
HEALTH

Health Care
vs
Health Services

Health Care
vs
Health Services

Care vs Service
Care

Service

1. the provision

1. the action of helping or

doing work for someone

of what is
necessary for the health,
welfare, maintenance, and
protection of someone or
something

2. serious attention or
consideration applied to

doing something
correctly or to avoid
damage or risk.
3. look after and provide
the needs of

for

2. a system supplying a
public need such as
transport,
communications, or
utilities such as electricity
and water
3. perform routine
maintenance or repair
work on

PIRAMIDA RUJUKAN ERA JKN

Rumah Sakit +
Non Rumah Sakit

Rumah Sakit +
Non Rumah Sakit

Puskesmas
+ Non
Puskesmas

BPJS (2017)
+
ASURANSI
SWASTA

FKTT

FKTD

Dr/Drg
SubSpesialis
Dr/Drg
Spesialis

FKTP
MASYARAKAT

Dr/Drg
Umum

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What is Hospital?
Hospital is a System and Sub
System, and also a Complex one
Hospital is Unique
Hospital is an Organization
Hospital is a Management
Hospital is a Facility

SYSTEM THINKING
PROCESS

E.R.

LAB

MOR
GUE

AD
MISSI
ON

OUT
PATIE
NT

X-RAY

PHAR

IN
PATIE
NT

LABOR

ICU

DIS
CHAR
GE
OT

Nursing

Economy

Medical

Psycho
logy

Anchilary

Legal

Public
Health

Engineer
Helper

Why hospital is considered

as a unique organization?
1. Work involved are highly vary and more complex than in any
other organization
2. Work permits very small tolerance for ambiguity, errors,
mistakes or disturbance.
3. Work activities are highly interdependent
4. Work activities require a high degree of coordination among
professional workers
5. Work involves an extremely high degree of specialization
6. Workers are more loyal to their profession rather than to the
organization
7. Exist dual lines of authority, which create problems in
coordination, accoubtability and confusion of roles

Typology of Hospital and Primary

Health Care Organization
Hospital

Primary Health Care

Highly Dynamic environment

Less Dynamic Environment

Mission in Individual Treatment,

Cure, Rehabilitation

Mission in Community-wide
prevention, diagnosis and
treatment

Highly Sophisticated Technology

Technology depend on services

offered

Highly Complex of Organization

Structure
Low level of concentration in
decision making influence
High degree of task
interdependence
Manager physician relationship
is impersonal and structured

Moderate Complex of
Organization Structure
Low level of concentration in
decission making influence,
diffused among various programs
Low degree of task
interdependence
Manager physician relationship
considered as peer to peer

Hospital
Definition

HISTORY
Mesopotamia
n Greek
n Indian
n Roman
n Islamic
n Middle Ages (4th century)
n Reinnasance
n

Abad 16
Plague victims,
n Specialized maternity institutions,
n Government concern for the health of
occupational groups, and
n The establishment of a central health
council to organize public health
n

Abad 17
n

Tahun 1724:
Thomas Guy mendirikan RS untuk
masyarakat baik kaum miskin (charity)
maupun mampu (paying out of pocket)
Tahun 1732:
Kalangan Gereja di Inggris mendirikan 115
RS (St. Peters of Bristol)
Tahun 1735:
St. George Hospital
Tahun 1740:
Great London Hospital

Florence Nightingale
Abad ke-18
n Kontributor utama perkembangan
filosofi pelayanan rumah sakit
n Mengenalkan konsep dan filosofi
pelayanan keperawatan profesional
n Menata pelayanan laundry, dapur,
CSSD menurunkan angka kematian
pasien dari 34% menjadi 2%
standar angka kematian maksimal RS
n

Hospital (WHO)
The hospital is an integral part of social
and medical organization the function
which is to provide for the population
complete health care, both curative
and preventive and whose out patient
service research and the family and its
home environment. The hospital is also a
center for the health workers and for
biological research.

Health topics

Hospitals
Hospitals play an important role in the health care system. They are health
care institutions that have an organized medical and other professional
staff, and inpatient facilities, and deliver medical, nursing and related
services 24 hours per day, 7 days per week.
Hospitals offer a varying range of acute, convalescent and terminal care
using diagnostic and curative services in response to acute and chronic
conditions arising from diseases as well as injuries and genetic anomalies.
In doing so they generate essential information for research, education and
management.
Traditionally oriented on individual care, hospitals are increasingly forging
closer links with other parts of the health sector and communities in an
effort to optimize the use of resources for the promotion and protection of
individual and collective health status.

Related sites

Hospital (WHO, 2013)

Health care institutions that have an organized

medical and other professional staff, and
inpatient facilities, and deliver medical,
nursing and related services 24 hours per
day, 7 days per week.

Definition of Hospital (WHO, 2013)

acute,
convalescent and terminal care
using diagnostic and curative
services in response to acute and chronic conditions

Hospitals offer a varying range of

arising from diseases as well as injuries and genetic anomalies. In

generate essential
information for research, education
and management.
doing so they

Definition of Hospital (WHO, 2013)

Traditionally oriented on individual

care, hospitals are increasingly forging closer links with other
parts of the health sector and communities in an effort to

optimize the use of resources for the

promotion and protection of
individual and collective health
status.

Definisi Rumah Sakit

(UU RI No. 44 Tahun 2009)
Rumah Sakit adalah institusi
pelayanan kesehatan yang
menyelenggarakan pelayanan
kesehatan perorangan secara
paripurna yang menyediakan
pelayanan rawat inap, rawat jalan,
dan gawat darurat.

Tujuan Penyelenggaraan RS
(UU 44 Tahun 2009)
Memberikan pelayanan dengan berlandaskan:
nilai kemanusiaan,
etika dan profesionalitas,
manfaat,
keadilan,
persamaan hak dan anti diskriminasi,
pemerataan,
perlindungan dan keselamatan pasien, serta
mempunyai fungsi sosial.

Health administration or healthcare

administration is the field relating to
leadership, management, and
administration of public health systems,
health care systems, hospitals, and
hospital networks. Health care
administrators are considered health
care professionals.

7 Principal in Hospital Systems

1. Hospital service delivery system
2. Hospital workforce (labour)
3. Leadership and governance to assure
quality
4. Hospital financing system
5. Supplying medical products and
technologies
6. Hospital information system
7. Hospital management

36

PADAT KARYA

PADAT
TEKNOLOGI
DAN INFORMASI

RUMAH
SAKIT

PADAT MODAL

PRODUK
HETEROGEN

a. Kastemer datang karena terpaksa

b. Kastemer umumnya datang dalam keadaan
cemas, kuatir dan gelisah
c. Kastemer tidak tahu apa yang terjadi dan
yang akan terjadi
d. Kastemer dalam keadaan bingung dan sangat
labil
e. Kastemer umumnya tidak mandiri.

1.

Tujuan Normatif
a. Growth
b. Prosperous

c. Good Image

2.

Tujuan Stratejik
a.

Visi

b. Core Value
c. Learning Organizing

3.

Tujuan Taktis
a.

Keuangan

b.

Pelayanan

c.

Kinerja Organisasi

Expectations of Patients and

Hospital Staff
! Patients expect their

doctor to be:
n Trustworthy
n Loyal
n Helpful
n Friendly
n Courteous
n Kind

! Doctors expect their

patients to be:
n Obedient
n Cheerful
n Thrifty
n Brave
n Clean
n Reverent