Project

Job ref

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

rev
/ 0

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Date

Check by
Nov-16

Ref

Calculations

Date
Nov-09

Output

Design of pile cap - PC4

Line of critical shear
Dia. Of pile
Offest from pile
Column width

=
=
=

500 mm
225 mm
500 mm

Pile spacing (2L)

Depth of pile cap

=
=

1500 mm
750 mm

Width of pile cap (B)

Bottom cover

=
=

750 mm
60 mm

Side cover
Ultimate axial load (N)

=
=

50 mm
1594 kN

Materials
fcu
=
fy
=
m
m

25 N/mm2
500 N/mm2
1.25 (partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)

1.15 (partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

/5
2L

668 mm

According to Truss theory:

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, T

= (N x L) / (2 x d)
= 1594 x 750 / (2 x 668)
= 894.8 kN

According to Flexural theory:

Moment parallel to X axis
K = M / fcu b d2

0.071

Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

610.32 mm

598 kNm

Therefore Tx

979.4 kN

Area of steel required

= T / (0.87 x fy)
= 979400 / (0.87 x 500)
= 2253 mm2

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

No. of bars required

=
=

20 mm
7.17

BS 8110

Provide No. of bars

Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars

=
=
=

9 Nos
2827 mm2
78.25 mm

Table 3.25

Percentage of steel

0.503 % > 0.13 % OK

OK

Project

Job ref

Newport Station Regeneration

5074908

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Date

SJ
Ref

Check by

Jun 08

Calculations

CMN

3.4.5.2
BS 8110
Table 3.8

3.4.5.8

= (N / 2) / (B x d)
= (1594 / 2) / (750 x 668)
1.591 N/mm2

Critical section from face of the column (av)

0.564 %
25 N/mm2
=
0.88
=
1.63 N/mm2
= (750 - 250 - 0.3 x 500)

Enhanced shear stress

=
=

<

4 N/mm2

350 mm
6.205 N/mm2

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement
Spacing of bar

OK

=
=

>

1.591

Hence, shear links are not required. However provide nominal T12 links @ 200 c/c.

3.12.5.4

Date

Output

=
100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)

/ 0
Jun-08

Check for shear:

Shear stress along critical section (v)

rev

9 / 9

=
16 mm
= ( 2 x f y ) / b
=
256 mm
Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

OK

Project

Job ref

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

rev
/ 0

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Date

BVR
Ref

Check by
Nov-16

Nov-09

Calculations

Output

Design of pile cap - PC2 (For 750x300 column)

Dia. Of pile ( )
Offest from pile

=
=

500 mm
225 mm

Column width in X-direction

Column width in Y-direction

=
=

500 mm
500 mm

Effective length of pile cap (2 Lx)

1299 mm

Effective length of pile cap (2 Ly)

Depth of pile cap

=
=

1500 mm
900 mm

Bottom cover
Side cover

=
=

75 mm
50 mm

Ultimate axial load (N)

2531 kN

Reaction of each pile (N/3)

844 kN

Date

av

Y
/5

av

2450

2Ly

950

2Lx

2249
Materials
fcu
=
fy
=

24 N/mm2
500 N/mm2

1.25 (partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)

1.15 (partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

According to Truss theory:

Effective length of pile cap (2 Lxy)

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Txy

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

Net tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Tx

Net tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

According to Flexural theory:
Moment parallel to X axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

Moment parallel to Y axis

K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

1500 mm
(2N x Lxy) / (9 x d)
2 x 2531 x 749.985 / (9 x 787.5)
535.65 kN
(2N x Ly) / (9 x d)
2 x 2531 x 750 / (9 x 787.5)

= 535.66 kN
= ###
= ###
= 1071.3 kN
= ###
= 1071.3 kN
=

519.7 kNm

=
0.013
748.13 mm
Therefore Tx =
Therefore Ty =

421.83 kNm

0.014
748.13 mm

In X-direction
Area of steel required in X-direction

BS 8110-1
Table 3.25

=
=
=
=
=

787.5 mm

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel

694.7 kN
563.85 kN

= Tx / (0.87 x fy)
= 1071300 / (0.87 x 500)
= 2462.8 mm2
=
25 mm
= 5.0171
=
14 Nos
= 6872.2 mm2 OK
=
180.8 mm
=
0.31 % > 0.13 % OK

Provide
14 Nos. T25 bars

Project

Job ref

Newport Station Regeneration

5074908

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Ref

5/ 9
Date

SJ

Check by

Jun 08

Calculations

In Y-direction
Area of steel required in Y-direction

rev
/ 0

Date

CMN

Jun-08
Output

= Ty / (0.87 x fy)
= 1071300 / (0.87 x 500)
= 2462.8 mm2

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

25 mm

No. of bars required

Provide No. of bars

=
=

5.0171
14 Nos

Area of steel provided

Spacing of main bars

=
=

6872.2 mm2
161.46 mm

Percentage of steel

OK

Provide
14 Nos. T25 bars

0.34 % > 0.13 % OK

Check for shear:

Shear stress along critical section (v)
3.4.5.2
BS 8110

= (2 N/3) / (B x d)
= 2 (2531000 / 3) / (2450 x 787.5)
=

0.87 N/mm2

<

4 N/mm2

Table 3.8

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)
Critical section from face of the column (av)

=
0.35 %
=
24 N/mm2
= 0.8442
=
1.54 N/mm2
= (2/3)x1299 - 500/2 - 0.3x500

3.4.5.8

Enhanced shear stress

=
=

466 mm
5.2 N/mm2

OK

>

0.87

OK

<

4 N/mm2

OK

Hence, shear links are not required

Check for punching shear:
At column face:
Punching stress

= N / (u d)

Perimeter of column (u)

Punching stress

=
=

At /5 from pile face:

Punching stress
Critical perimeter (u)
Punching stress
Enhanced shear stress

= N / (u d)
= 3599.9 mm
=
0.89 N/mm2
=
3.92 N/mm2

2000 mm
1.61 N/mm2

Hence, shear links are not required

3.12.5.4

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement
Spacing of bar

=
16 mm
= ( 2 x fy ) / b
=
256 mm

Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

OK

Project

Job ref

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

rev
/ 0

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Date

Check by
Nov-16

Ref

Calculations
av2

Y
=
=

500 mm
225 mm

Column width in X-direction

Column width in Y-direction

=
=

550 mm
550 mm

Pile spacing in X-direction (2 Lx)

Pile spacing in Y-direction (2 Ly)

=
=

1500 mm
1500 mm

Depth of pile cap

Bottom cover

=
=

750 mm
60 mm

Side cover
Ultimate axial load (N)

=
=

50 mm
3287 kN

K'

0.156

Nov-09
Output

Design of pile cap - PC1

Dia. Of pile ( )
Offest from pile

Date

av1
2450

2Ly

2Lx

X
2450

Materials
fcu
=
24
fy
=
500
m
=
1.25
m
=
1.15

N/mm2
N/mm2
(partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)
(partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

680 mm

According to Truss theory:

Reynolds
Hand book

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

= (2 N Ly)/(4 d)
= 2 x 3287 x 750 / (4 x 680)
= 1813 kN

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Tx

= (2 N Lx)/(4 d)
= 2 x 3287 x 750 / (4 x 660)

According to Flexural theory:

Moment parallel to Y axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))
Moment parallel to X axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

0.029
646

=
=

0.03
627

Therefore Ty
Therefore Tx

1868 kN

780.66 kNm

780.66 kNm

=
=

1208 kN
1245.1 kN

mm

mm

In Y-direction

BS 8110-1
Table 3.25

Area of steel required in Y-direction

= Ty / (0.87 x fy)
= 1812680 / (0.87 x 500)
=
4167 mm2

Dia. of bars for main reinforcement

No. of bars required

Provide No. of bars

=
=

Area of steel provided

Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel

=
=
=

20 mm
13.264
14 Nos
4398 mm2

OK
180.77 mm
0.24 % > 0.13 % OK

Provide
14 Nos. T20 bars

Project

Job ref

Newport Station Regeneration

5074908

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns

Drawing ref.

Calc by

3/ 9
Date

SJ
Ref

Check by

Jun 08

Calculations

= Tx / (0.87 x fy)

Dia. of bars for main reinforcement

= 1867610 / (0.87 x 500)

=
4293 mm2
=
20 mm

No. of bars required

Provide No. of bars

=
=

BS 8110-1

Area of steel provided

Spacing of main bars

=
=

Table 3.25

Percentage of steel

Check for shear in Y-direction:

Shear stress along critical section (v)

= (N / 2) / (Bx x d)

13.666
14 Nos
4398 mm2

OK

0.24 % > 0.13 % OK

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance

=
=

(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)

=
=

Critical section from face of the column (a v)

= 1500/2 - 550/2 - 0.3*500

=
325 mm

Enhanced shear stress = 2 d vc / av

OK

0.26 %
24 N/mm2
0.88
1.60 N/mm2

6.68 N/mm2

>

0.99

OK

Hence, shear links are not required.

Check for shear in X-direction:
Shear stress along critical section (v)

BS 8110
Table 3.8

= (N / 2) / (By x d)
= (3287000 / 2) / (2450 x 660)
=
1.02 N/mm2
< 4 N/mm2

3.4.5.2
100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)

=
=

3.11.4.4.a

Critical section from face of the column (a v)

= 1500/2 - 550/2 - 0.3*500

=
325 mm

3.4.5.8

Enhanced shear stress = 2 d vc / av

=
=

OK

0.27 %
24 N/mm2
1
1.82 N/mm2

7.4 N/mm2

>

1.02

OK

Punching stress
Perimeter of column (u)
Punching stress

= N / (u d)
=
2200 mm
=
2.23 N/mm2

<

4 N/mm2

OK

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement

Hence, shear links are not required.

Check for punching shear:
At column face:

3.12.5.4

Spacing of bar

Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

Jun-08

Provide
14 Nos. T20 bars

177.69 mm

= (3287000 / 2) / (2450 x 680)

=
0.99 N/mm2
< 4 N/mm2

3.11.4.4.a

Date

Output

In X-direction
Area of steel required in X-direction

Table 3.8

CMN

rev
/ 0

16 mm

= ( 2 x fy ) / 500
=
256 mm