Example 1: Solve the Laplace equation numerically forthe diagram shown, and thus estimate the value ifthe temperature at the points A,B, D. ‘The finite diference equations areas olows: Border ay a Soa Fede — 2 tel order ‘These equations are subbed infor or or oF OF oe les 2 tT = BM +h y) 279) +7 Ay] Ort op 1 Spee Gaon Bn toad = eMC +8) 2M) +7 Cy PI] ar era OF ay? 1 + aly +h) 270%) +7 y- 0) [r+ hy) - 20,9) +7 hy] Inthis example, we are using a square grid, therefore h = k= 1 or ar Beet ape ME HAY) 27) HTB] + 1MG.y +k) = 2rGy) +Texy- 00) 22 =o] canbe rowrtenss Wy) = thy +P hy] + (Tey ++ TCey—Finite Difference Solution of PDE's ‘The following computational molecule is used: ‘We can then enter the components of the following formula into this molecule: Pet hy) +7 hy] + (Tey +1) +Ty =) ‘This computational molecule can be applied to each point in the grid where the ‘center represents the point being computed. This is done as follows: Point ri 4450+ B+100+D $1 4A-B-D=150 peee ‘The diagram tothe right shows how the molecules applied. Point: 4C=B-104+D+75 4C—B-D= 65,Finite Difference Solution of PDE" Bach point is represented as 44—B-D =150 4B-A-C=175, 4C-B-D=65, 4D-A-c=40 Rearranging for each point 1 7150+ 8 +) fl hassa+o i C=7(65+8+D) D=140+A40) : actasenso=tas+0+0 drssacoy=torsemseo and soon.Finite Difference Solution of PDE's Exercise 1: ‘Asquare plate bounded by the lines ‘with boundary temperatures ony=2,7 -2,7 = 240-+00% -2sx<0 T= 240- 80x osxs2 onx = 42,7 =~40y Solve the Laplace equation numerically and thus find the temperature atthe nine rid points at ast Solution The gis sep sallow: t Since this isa square grid, we can use the 4,1,1,1,1 computational molecule as in ‘example 1. Thegrid is also symmetrical about the y-axis, thus, we can reduce the ‘number of expressions. The molecule is applied to each point in the grid as follows: Point A: Point 8: Point ¢: JAS -BO+B-4040 ABRAYCHOFE — Cm BH 160+40+F PA0+B+D) B=HALCHE) C=i@+200+F) Point Point E: Point ADSASG+E-80 AEM B4H+D+F APR CHIFE+ 240 AC +I+E +240) DaLU+G+E-8) E=LOHHHDHA) ‘Again due to symmetry, A= G,B = H.CFinite Difference Solution of PDE's Each point i represented as 120+B+D) AtC4E) Yos20+n : petiasere-a) i b=F@HmtD+r) fesi+5+20) Subbing infor 6, H and I, we haves 1 G@A+6—80) i F@e+D+") reherese ro =fac+e+20) ‘The value for each point sas follows: =-i=6Finite Difference Solution of PDE's Exercise2: ‘A rectangular plate defined by the lines x = 0, numerical procedure to solve Laplace's equation, er er ott aye ‘over the rectangle subject to the following boundary conditions uQy)=0 OS ys2 uhy)=0 OS ys2 uG@i2)-0 Osx x= day = 2.Setupa u(r,0)=x4—x) Osxs4 where helen Sem Solution: The grid is setup as follows: ‘The computation molecule must be derived since h # thus, we have a, art ae tay qalT@ + hy) 209) +7 hy)] 1 +p y+) -27ey) +e y—W) With A= Land k= 05 we have: Batt aye TM ty) 279) +7] 1 +gplGy+)-27@y) +1ey-W] (a +hy)- 27) +TH-AyV HATGHy +h) 87G,y) 44TH y— WH] = 0 2107 Gy} = [G+ hy) +7 —h y+ ATG y +) +ATELY ~ BO)Finite Diference Solution of PDE's ‘The computational molecule is therefore as follows: ‘The molecule i applied to each point inthe grid as follows: Point. Point Pointe: WA=0+80+D40 IDB =4A44C4+O4E 10C= 484041248 a=ian+D) Baaatacee) C=Lan+2+/) Point: Point Point: LDN O+ME+A4G LEM AD4AE-HEEH 1OP=AE4 164041 D (e+a+e) GD+4E +B +H) F=X B+ 164040 Again due to symmetry, A = G,B = HC ach point is represented as: 1 B= Gaa+ec+e) t qata+e) 1 oe +2A) 1 B= Typ +4F +28)Finite Difference Solution of PDE's xercise: Set upa numerical procedure solve the equation or or oat toy? so ato find the steady state est distribution in thin metal pate inthe shape of a square with dimensions 0.5m by 05m, The plate i held at °C on wo adjacent boundaries while the heaton the two boundaries increases lineary from O° at one corner to 100°C where the sides meet (Use four divisions along each side) ‘The Boundary Conditions are as follows: 1.7y) 2.70) 5.7@,058) 4705.9) 20x 200y Solution: ‘The grid is setp as follows: Ble +hy) 279) +7e-hyl +diteey +0769) 4769-0) with 0125 wehave: ar or 1 et pt oa + hy) - Tey) + 7H) ona +qGRay+0-27e)+Tey-W) 64{T Ce + h,y) ~ 2G,y) +7 — yD] F647 y +8) — 2709) 47-1 = 0 We can divide across by 64 since the RHS is equal to zero, thus: AT(,y) = [PG hey) + TC = hy + ITGy +) + Ty — 1)Finite Difference Solution of PDE's ‘The computational molecules therefore as follows: ‘The molecule s applied to each point inthe grid as follows: Point Point B: Pointc: 4AmO+B+D4+25 AB=AHCHOFE © 4C=B 40404F A=1@+D+25) B=iAtC+E) caietR) Point SO+E+A+G 4B =D4F+B+H 4 =E+0+C41 x x El) 1 i | i Hi i] i D={GO+EFA+G) E={+F+B+H) F=26+C+) a a a Hl a 7 a Point F: Point G: Point H: AG=7S4H4D475 4H =504G41+E Galu+n+150) — w=tG0+e+1+8) 4254048 (W+F +25) ‘Symmetry exit along the main diagonal Le. A=l D=H B=F We can reducethe system to 6 equations thus 4A (4425) 4B =(A+C48) 4C-= (8 +8) = (28) 4D =(S0+E+A+G) 4B =(D4+B4+B+D)= (20+ 28) 4G = (D+ D+ 150) = (20 + 150) ‘The value for each point sas follows: A= 1875 =1Finite Difference Solution of PDE's Exercise Set up a numerical procedure to solve the equation er ar, Set gee Re») 50.5 to find the steady tate temperature distribution in the thin metal plate shown, Solution: ‘The grid is setup as follows: ‘The computation molecule is derived as follows: 268 — y) = FIM + hy) — 27K) +7 hy] ® 1 +pl@y+O- 27) +7G.y- OD] 1 N= GAME +hy)-27.)4TE-hy] agiGay +) -21.9) +7 y-W) Ale + hy) - 279) +7 = hy) HIT +H) — 27,9) + Ty — ) = 3207 —y) ‘We can divide across by 4 since the RHS is equal tothe LIS, thus: ATG.y) + 8G? —y) = T+ hy) + TG hy] + (Ty ++ Ty — KI) The computational molecule is a 4,111 as before with the additional function ‘The temperature a each point is calculated on the following page 10Finite Difference Solution of PDE's Each points represented as: 205+2+D) Fa+cre-28) 1 6=7@-3348) GU+G+e-49) (@4+H4+D4E-S6) (C414 B60) (5575 +H +D) (1+6+E-70) Fula 792548) ‘The value foreach point isa follows:Finite Diference Solution of PDE's Exercise Setupa numerical procedure to enable the partial diferent equation OT OT igs y yt Sater ty) ‘to be solved atany point inside or on boundary ofa square plate. Given 1. U=Oalongz axis 2.U=Dalongy axis 5. U = 92? along boundary y =3 4.24 = 6y* along boundary 3 u=9x7 Ce u=0 a |e_ ic l 0 uz 3 Solution: ‘The grid is setp as follows: 3 9 36 81 Ce 0 a |B o 0 3 ‘The computation molecule is derived as follows: 1 alte + hey) ~ 270.9) +7 hy] 1 + ply +) - 26,9) +7 yO] with A= e= Lwe have or er Geet ge 2a +) = e+ hy) IGN) + TE hy +1PG.y +4) - 276.9) + Tey Hl [rG+hy) 2702.9) +7 hy)] 4ITG.y +) 27,9) + PGny =) = 2G? +97) (We can divide across by 4 since the RHS is equal to the LS, thus: ATG.y) +208 +y#) = TGet hy) #7 —Ay)] + (Ty + +7 — 1) ‘The computational molecule isa 4,,1,11 as before with the additional function. 12Finite Difference Solution of PDE's ‘The points inside the grid are computed using the molecule as normal 1 A=ZC4+B4D) B=tatc+e-10) 1 p=tu+e-» e-lasosrs2 ‘The computational molecule must be modified forthe points outside of the grid, ‘Cand F. Tis is done by making a substitution for the points outside of the grid, ‘with the following equation: Te thy) =24 a ere hy) 2 AT (x,y) + 2(x? + y?) es 2re ay] +t ++ Tey -W) where au. ie For point C: 4C+20=266)+28+F +0 1 F@B+F-8) For point F: AF +26 =2(24) +28+F +81 F=F@E+C+103) ‘The solution matrixisas follows: 41 0 100 ya 74 1-4 1 010 [al | a0 0 2 4 901 Hcl} 8 100-4 1 ‘offol=| a o10 1 -4 4fle] |-20 oo 1 0 2 —allel Los! 13te Difference Solution of PDE's Exercise 6: ‘A Rectangular plate 3 « 4is insulated on the left boundary and lower part ofthe right boundary. The temperatures at the upper and right hand boundaries are 200 degrees while along the lower boundary the temperature is set at 100 degrees. Creat a grid system wit divisions of 1 unit on each boundary. Set up a | numerical procedure to enable eu uy ant ay? to.be solved atany point inside or on boundary of the above plate. Solution: = Since k= k =the computational molecule 34,1111. mast be moifed for points A B.andCsince the edge they lie on is inslated au Te-hy) = 2 ere thy) where au cs ‘Therefore for points A,B,C, the molecule is as follows “AP (xy) = 2M + hy] + (y+ B+ PCy) For point A: 4A=20+8-+200 For point B: 4B=2E+A4C For point ¢: AC =2F +4100 Points D to Hare computed as normal, thus: Point Point E: 4D=200+E4+A+G F4=D4F+B4H Pointc: Point H: Point: 4G-=H+D+400 AH=CHI4E+200 © A= H+1004F +1 “i Finite Difference Solution of PDE's Brample Set up a numerical procedure to enable the partial diferent equation or. or ot oye to be solved atany pont inside or on boundary athe plate shown. Solution: | Since h=k=1, the computational “" )} + 5+ ‘molecule isa 41,11,1. The points, Cand Dare represenid as follows: For point A: . 4A=048+0+C 44-B-C=0 For point ¢: AC=A+D+043 4C-A-D=3 For point D: 4D= +C4+64+6 © 4D-B-C=12 Since 8 is not atthe center ofa square, we must develop a special rule for B based on Taylor Series. The Taylor expansion of function f(s) about x = a may bestatedas 1) = fle) +a) f(@)+ ie -aFf"@)+ 3 a p"@ + of of ns 10) =f) +L Sea Sh se ap Sh Doing an expasion round the point B, point Ps unit the ight and Ast hele ths Multiplying the fist equation by 2, we have, 8B (yee ap = 2842 +(5) 8B, 1878 ~ 8,188 ‘Ading2P and. wehave BB Ay eB wvanr0si84() Eon 18Finite Difference Solution of PDE's thus Doing an exparsion around the point B, point Qis$ unit above Band Dis below, thus ayaa a+ ay 72 3) 30 158 by 26y? Mutiplying the first equation by 2, we have, BB ly SB 29=28+5+(3) SF a0 1878 Pat aa Adding 2QandD, we have 6B (ly? eB 6B 18 rasp =20 +884 () She aa 2940 = 304354 cus eB 4 rs y2@+D- 3B) Therefore, fo, oe fa +D-38+2P+A-38)=0 FCO + wae thus 6B =(2Q+D+2P +A) Point B: (with P =x? — 15x = 25 and@ = 2? ~15x=1) 6B=(2+D+5+A) 26B-D-A=7 : AEI-E] “The solution matrixis as follows: 16