Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
3. Tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius of the circle that passes through
the point of contact.
In the diagram, BA and BC are two tangents from an external point B. The
properties of the tangents are as follows.
(a) BA = BC
(b) ABO = CBO = xo
(c) AOB = COB = yo
(d) OAB = OCB = 90o
(e) AOC + ABC = 180o
(f) AOB and COB are congruent
Example 1:
In the diagram, O is the centre of a circle. ABC and CDE are two tangents to the
circle at points B and D respectively. Find the length of OC.
Solution:
OC2 = OB2 + BC2 (Pythagoras Theorem)
= 62 + 82
= 100
OC = 100 = 10 cm
Example 2:
In the diagram, AB and BC are two tangents to a circle with centre O. Calculate the
values of
(a) x
(b) y
Solution:
(a)
AB = BC
7 + x = 12
x=5
(b)
OBA = OBC = 21
OAB = 90 (OA is perpendicular to AB)
o
Example 3:
In the diagram, ABC is a tangent to the circle with centre O at point B. CDE is a
straight line. Find the value of x.
Solution:
CBO = 90
In BCE,
x = 180o 30o 50o 90o
x = 10o
2. Chord PB divides the circle into two segments, that is, the minor
segment PRBand the major segment PQB.
5. The angle formed by the tangent and the chord which passes through the point
of contact of the tangent is the same as the angle in the alternate segment which is
subtended by the chord.
6. The relationships between the angles are:
Solution:
Angle BED = 82o (angle in alternate segment)
Angle DBE = 82o (Arc BD = Arc DE, BDE is an isosceles triangle)
Therefore p = 180o 82o 82o = 16o
Example 2:
In the diagram, PQR is a tangent to the circle QSTU at Q.
Solution:
Angle QUT
= 180o 98o (opposite angle in cyclic quadrilateral QSTU )
= 82o
Angle QTU = 75o (angle in alternate segment)
Therefore y = 180o (82o + 75o) (Sum of interior angles in QTU)
= 23o
Example 3:
In the diagram, PQR is a tangent to the circle QSTU at Q.
(b) y
Solution:
(a)
UTS + UQS = 180
105 + UQS = 180
UQS = 75
o
(b)
PQU = QSU
85o = 35o + y
y = 50o
Example 4:
Solution:
( Ans x = 72o )