CS 003L1 Computer Fundamentals

2nd Semester 2016-2017

PRELIM PERIOD

Name: AGUILAR, CATHLYN F.

Program/Section: BSARCH / AR32FA2

Date: November 12, 2016

Instructor: Mrs. MELISSA P. JUANILLO, MIT
ASSIGNMENT NO. 1

1. Definition of Terms:
a. Algorithm it is a self-contained step-by-step set of operations to be performed.
Algorithms perform calculation, data processing, and/or automated reasoning tasks.
b. Program a collection of instructions that performs a specific task when executed by
a computer. A computer requires programs to function, and typically executes the
program's instructions in a central processing unit. A computer program is usually written
by a computer programmer in a programming language.
c. Software part of a computer system that consists of encoded information or computer
instructions, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built.
d. System a set of interacting or interdependent component parts forming a
complex/intricate whole. Every system is delineated by its spatial and temporal
boundaries, surrounded and influenced by its environment, described by its structure and
purpose and expressed in its functioning.
e. Programming
Language

a formal computer
language or constructed
language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
Programming languages can be used to create programs to control the behavior of a
machine or to express algorithms.
f. Pseudocode (Program Design Language) is an informal high-level description of the
operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm. It uses the structural
conventions of a normal programming language, but is intended for human reading rather
than machine reading.
g. Flowchart a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or process, showing
the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting them with arrows. This
diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution model to a given problem. Flowcharts
are used in analyzing, designing, documenting or managing a process or program in
various fields.
2. History of C Programming Language
a. Author Dennis Ritchie
b. Year 1972
c. Place AT & Ts Bell Laboratory (USA)

d. Features:
It is a robust language with rich set of built-in functions and operators that can be used to write any complex
program.
The C compiler combines the capabilities of an assembly language with features of a high-level language.
Programs Written in C are efficient and fast. This is due to its variety of data type and powerful operators.
It is many time faster than BASIC.
C is highly portable this means that programs once written can be run on another machines with little or no
modification.
Another important feature of C program, is its ability to extend itself.
A C program is basically a collection of functions that are supported by C library. We can also create our own
function and add it to C library.
C language is the most widely used language in operating systems and embedded system development today.

3. What is the function of:

a. #include directive causes the contents of a second file to be inserted into the original
file.
- a preprocessor directive to paste the code from the header file
when necessary.
b. main() the entry point of any C program. It is the point at which execution of program is
started. When a C program is executed, the execution control goes directly to the main()
function. Every C program have a main() function.
c. printf a library function to send formatted output to the screen. The printf()function is
declared in "stdio.h" header file.
d. scanf reads formatted input from the keyboard. When user enters an integer, it is stored
in variable testInteger.