Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BASIN FORMATION
KEVIN T
Exxon Production Research
Company
AND SEDIMENTATION
BIDDLE
O Box 2189
Houston
AND
Departmelll of Geological
Basin
INTRODUCTION
are
we
obtained definitions
or
which
by a particular term We
attempted
provide original references for every
those
for
especially
long used in the geological lit
have not
term
to
erature
and
de
dip
blocks
rotate
so
use
no
the
cross
slip
the
1967
p
the term to describe faults that I
Many au
are
subsidiary
2 formed in the
to
fault bounded
is greater than it
major
which
Oennis
same stress
faults
major
have
fault
a sense
or
of
displacement
dip
for strike
opposite that of
and
in the
opposite
direction
Aulacogen
introduced
Shatski
1946a
set
of
Lamont
to
narrow
Contribution No
3913
sedimentary
nis
1967
BubnofT
curve
of subsidence
plot
rock
see
time
versus
for
Oen
Fischer
1974
Bubnoff unit
as
subsidence
rates
history
1980
A
curve
84
for
plot
sus
Closing
bend
See
I
Compaction
Hinte
van
restraining
1978
bend
volume or thick
body of sediment in
to the increasing weight of a superimposed load
response
2 the physical process by which fine grained sediment is
ness
of
1961
Philipp
or
the pore
Jackson
1980
space within
127
Compression
compression
is compressive
stresses
are nonzero
sible for a
or more
one
in triaxial
1980
130
Uniaxial
which
principal
compression all three principal
stress
nonzero
Means
1976
compressive principal
principal stresses
It is also pos
80
stress to occur
tensile
with
Engelder personal
Compressional
bend
See
Riedel shear
Fig
Aydin
stress
and Nur
contraction
see
Compressional overstep
Conjugate
1985
commun
one
A state of strain in
antithetic shear
by
elongate sedimentary basins that extend
into cratons from either a geosyncline or a mountain belt
that formed from a geosyncline for a discussion of genesis
in terms of plate tectonics see Hoffman et aI
1974
describe
term
thick accumulation of
discussion of the
or
Antithetic fault
Originally defined by H Cloos 1928
1936 to describe faults that dip in a direction opposite to
of the rocks
relatively
THE GLOSSARY
the
bend
restraining
See
restraining overstep
Synonymous
with R
Riedel
synthetic
or
and
antithetic faults
Contraction
e
A strain
involving
thermal contraction
or
reduction in volume
reduction of length e g
Con
1958 McClay 1981
a
lationship
between the
stress
term
376
ANTITHETIC
SHEAR
EXTENSION
FRACTURE
RIEDEl R
SHEAR
MASTER
FAULT
SECONDARY
SYNTHETIC
SHEAR
SYNTHETIC
EN ECHElON
TENSION T
FRACTURE
SHEAR
FOLDS
A
The
Convergent
bend
A bend in a strike
slip fault
that results
in overall crustal
Convergent overstep
the fault
Wilcox
et
aI
Jackson
1980
Divergent
177
A bend in
bend
1973
strike
onymous with
releasing
bend of Crowell
See
Divergent overstep
restraining overstep
1974a
releasing overstep
An interval of time
Cycle
recurrent
sequence
for additional discussion
see
1980
Downlap
downdip against
zontal
or
an
1977
initially in
initially hori
206
156
Depositional sequence
a
relatively conformable
and bounded
strata
its
at
Pertaining
the
to
Mitchum
right
1977
dextral
206
slip
is
The
horizontal
acute
angle
between
measured in
an
vertical
right
plane perpendicular
to
strike
186
Drape fold
passively to
Friedman
Dip separation
fault
fold
normal
1980
Dip
of
see
slip
Drag
and Jackson
ferential
Separation
1980
177
See
separation
et
A fold in
the
aI
1976
compaction
is
The
Dynamic analysis
1049
p
an
example
study
A fold formed
of
drape
by
dif
fold
Echelon
Step
echelon faults of
1980
GLOSSARY
377
En echelon arrangements
and
cross
Ex
1985
p 52 J T Engelder personal commun
tension fractures form when effective stresses are tensile
En echelon
section
Shelton
volume
occur
Any stepped
overlapping or underlapping structural elements such as faults
or folds that are approximately parallel to each other and
to the zone in which they occur without reference to whether
the sense of overstep is consistent or inconsistent e g
for
strike slip deformation O A Rodgers 1980 Aydin and
Nur
gers
1963 Armstrong
Christie Blick
1983
A mode I crack
Extension fracture
no
motion in the
plane
A strain
Extension fault
arbitrary
datum
EN ECHELON
involving
increase in
an
sure
Ambraseys 1970
tems
sponse
to
simple
shear
commonly
but
not
lengthening of an
necessarily bedding
See
Extensional bend
about 450
to
the
master
fault
releasing
See
releasing overstep
RIGHT STEPPING
17
OVERSTEP
HORSETAIL
SPLAY
FIG
Some
simple
Fig
bend
LEFT STEPPING
RELAY
at
Extensional overstep
length
that shows
or one
1975
relay pattern
Extension
of the crack
RESTRAINING
RELEASING
BEND
BEND
structural
patterns
struc
coor
378
dinate
son
axes
1980
body
218
or
the
to
numerous
reviews
strike
slip
depression
fault system
between
Crowell
subsidiary
ridge
parallel
An individual fault of a
subparallel
set
of closely
spaced
Flexure
A fold
parallel
produced by
Flower
precedence
dominated
member
the
shape
Stearns
1978
by
and trend
An
Graben
Heat flow
The
product
mal
conductivity
gradient is measured
Horsetail
splay
the end of
forms
an
1980
of a thermal
of the material
set
block bounded
normal faults
by
One of
a set
268
gradient and
across
the ther
of curved fault
splays
near
strike
dinate
axes
internal
the deformed
to
body
struc
coor
p 322
1980
Kinematic
based
on
adjacent
1958
Wilcox et
Left lateral
Refers
to
to
the
near
side
Left
of
Forced fold
transform fault
to
oceanic
1984
son
Fault
or
an
1976
Fault strand
zone
Facies
An extension of
beyond
ridge Fracture zones are
characterized by dip slip especially where juxtaposed oceanic
crust is of
markedly different age and usually they do not
experience strike slip see Freund 1974 Fox and Gallo
Fracture
the
Left
Refers
stepping
fold segment
from which it is
or
to
near
side
See
slip
to an
occurs to
being
the
viewed
Fig
over
step
A more or Iess stable area underlain
Foreland
nental
crust
rocks of the
Jackson
by conti
adjacent to an orogenic belt toward which
belt were tectonically transported Bates and
and
1980
241
Lineament
tent
that is
1976
A linear
thought
p 267
to
topographic
reflect crustal
feature of
structure
regional
Hobbs
et
ex
aI
GLOSSARY
379
DElAIL OF POZ
RELEASING BEND
AREAS OF
SUBSIDENCE
PRINCIPAL DISPLACEMENT
ZONE POZ
FIG
The
spatial arrangement
Listric fault
downward
curved
flattening
fault
The
outer
generally
Bally et
by normal
see
Lithosphere
in map view
of
structures
concave
aI
or
upward
Listric
1981
reverse
separa
consisting
of
crust
geologic
1983
rates
1980
p 364 Watts
be defined by a
lithosphere
properties that reflect rheology such
temperature seismic velocity and degree of seismic at
can
number of different
as
tenuation
Marginal
basin
arc
system Karig
lying
1971
behind the
p
2542
fault See
right slip
term
glossary
See overstep
for definitions of
overlap
terms
and under
See flower
structure
Net
Hobbs et aI
1976
p 300
Normal
tance to
ward
fold
1973
I
A fault with normal separation across
Normal fault
which the hanging wall is apparently lowered with respect
to the footwall preferred definition Hill
1959
2 a fault
Multiple overstep
approximately parallel overlapping
or
underlapping
strike
dip
of
lowered with
1971
The term
Christie Blick
1983
separation
fault
1941
across
which the
380
Normal
the
The
slip
of a fault
dip
with respect
across
which the
to
hanging
slip
to
wall is lowered
generally
the same
form at an
Not
P shear
angle
echelon
The relative
of
ad
Oblique slip
displacement
formerly
jacent points on opposite sides of a fault involving com
ponents of both dip slip and strike slip See slip dip slip
strike slip
features
sides of
by
fault
of
A base discordant
initially
an
initially
or
stratigraphic
inclined
strata
in map
bound
relation in which
terminate
updip against
1977
p 208
bend
Opening
1967
releasing
bend
zones
and within
constructed
of which
net
Plunge
acute
on
slip
formerly
opposite
the fault
on
Examples of
a
sedimentary
con
contours
angle
measured in
between
vertical
an
plane containing
the line
thrusts verg
to structures
1982
fault
upward diverging
splays are predominantly of reverse
and
separation
commonly associated with a prominent an
tiformal structure or structures in strata above or cut by
the faults Harding et aI 1983 Harding 1985 See flower
structure
Orogeny
stricted
See
or
one
ary
horizontal
real
means
On lap
of intersection of
points
horizontal
The
Piercing points
contiguous linear
along
re
Oennis
112
Pressure
ridge
fault bounded
lenko and
ridge
I
Overlap
ping parallel
measured
parallel
to
overlap
the faults
Rod
1980 Mann et aI
1983 Aydin and Nur 1985 this
gers
volume generally applied to strike slip faults in map view
nearly
1980
graphic
units
unit extends
I
a discontinuity between two approximately
Overstep
parallel overlapping or underlapping faults Fig 2 syn
onymous with stepover of Aydin and Nur 1982a b 1985
this volume Oversteps can occur in both map view and
cross section
and on both strike slip and dip slip faults
Aydin and Nur 1985 this volume but the term is com
monly applied to strike slip faults in map view See solitary
overstep multiple overstep releasing overstep and re
straining overstep 2 A stratigraphic relation in which one
or more
stratigraphic units unconformably overlie the eroded
edge of older generally tilted or folded sedimentary rocks
Principal displacement
that
accounts
lenko
and
An array of
splays within
Sylvester and
slip
with flower
that has
strike
R
structure
precedence
Smith
of
zone
upward diverging
nomenclature of A
Sylvester 1984
Harding and Lowell
fault
G
synonymous
1979 a term
most
zone
of the
1970
Ambraseys
fault
The outward
Progradation
building
of sediment in the
not
from
exclusively
Crowell
1974b Mann
rhomb graben
sion Klemme
plane
that
are
Hobbs
strain
or a
same
et
aI
1976
tional deformation
Push up
straining
et
Pure shear
have the
Palm tree structure
for
or
p 28
strain
A block elevated
bend
or
Also referred
See shear
crustal
to as
simple
an
irrota
shear
shortening at a re
restraining overstep along a strike slip fault
by
GLOSSARY
zone
Aydin and
Nur
1982a Mann
et
aI
See rhomb
1983
horst
A
Ramp valley
faults
ramp
topographic
basin bounded
by
reverse
Not all
1982
p 493 Burke et aI
are related to strike slip deformation
Willis
1928
valleys
381
I
A fault with reverse separation across
which the hanging wall is apparently elevated with respect
to the footwall
preferred definition Hill 1959 2 a fault
generated by reverse slip see Gill 1941 1971 The term
may be applied to faults of any dip Christie Blick 1983
Reverse fault
Reverse
Regression
expressed as
generally
a seaward
migration of shallow marine facies
modified from Mitchum 1977 p 209
of
dip
separation
Figs
Crowell
1974a
synonymous with
divergent
bend
Releasing
slip faults
fault
junction
junction
See fault
A
Releasing overstep
faults
wedge
basin
right overstep
wedge graben
between
right slip
the faults
the
dip
bend
Figs
A bend in a strike
shortening
3
Crowell
and
1974a
synonymous with
convergent bend
1985 this
volume
Restraining overstep
faults
right overstep
between left
slip
Reverse drag
Oeformation along a fault that creates a
fold or set of folds whose curvature is opposite that which
would be formed by normal drag folding Reverse drag is
a common feature of listric normal faults where
hanging
concave
fault
to
Rhombochasm
tal
crust
simatic
1976 p 81
Carey
parallel
occupied by
One of S
For
Carey 1958
see
A basin
by crustal extension at
in a strike slip fault
overstep
releasing
zone
Freund
1971 Aydin and Nur 1982b synonymous
with pull apart basin of Burchfiel and Stewart 1966 and
Crowell
1974a b particularly sharp pull aparts or ones
that are angular in map view
Rhomb
a
graben
releasing bend
formed
or
Rhomb horst
a
In
Riedel shear
Right
form
simple
oriented
shear
two sets
of shear fractures
1
1 2 to the principal
displacement zone where I is the internal coefficient of
friction commonly taken to be about 300 Shear fractures
oriented at 1 2 are called R shears whereas those formed
at 900
1 2 are termed R shears modified from Tchalenko
See synthetic and antithetic faults
and Ambraseys 1970
Figs I 3
to
hand overstep
2 and 900
at
An overstep
step
fold segment occurs to the right
of the adjacent segment from which it is being viewed
Campbell 1958 Wilcox et aI 1973 See right stepping
over
or
stepover
or
specify
being
viewed
Right
lateral
cross section
it is nec
the direction from which the overstep is
with respect
tend
Restraining
slip
of
cussion
Releasing
which the
across
Reverse
fault
toward the
slip
direction
Refers
to
an
offset
strike of
displaced
to
the
right
with respect
to
slip
382
Refers
Right stepping
fold segment
from which it is
to
viewed
being
an
the
occurs to
or
right
Fig
See
right
hand
over
Rotation
ing object
defines
an
path of a point in
around a specified axis
arc
the
mov
and Jackson
p 546
See
simple
shear
Shear
A strain
parts of
to cause
a
direction
simple
1980
575
shear
A constant volume
homogeneous defor
involving plane strain in which a single family of
parallel material planes is undistorted in the deformed state
and parallel to the same family of planes in the undeformed
Simple
shear
mation
state
et
aI
1913
168
Crowell
1959
p 2655
step
in
Hobbs
et
aI
tational deformation
1976
or
Also referred to as
p 29
strain See shear pure shear
muth of the
with
et
fault
Slip parallel
slip
simple parallel
aI
1973
to
the azi
1983 synonymous
wrench fault of Wilcox
strike
and with
parallel
Mann et aI
direction
slip or
simple strike slip
fault of Christie
one
to
for
a ro
thickness either
Crowell
1959
p 2663
Strand
Strike
horizontal
Strike
Separation
an
in
plane
1983
Sinistral
Pertaining
to
the left
sinistral
slip
is left
slip
Slickenside
polished
or
smoothly
striated surface
1980
587
along
on
the fault
of
separation
fault
measured
Strike
slip
Jackson
1980
618
See
See
and Jackson
the strike of
p 618
to the strike
2662 Bates
parallel
1959
slip
separation
parallel
to
Bates and
383
GLOSSARY
p 618
1980
Thermal subsidence
given point in
contraction Sleep
at a
sedimentary
1971
1977
See
tectonic subsidence
aI
1983
1936
to
The
depression of an
surrounding areas
to
fault
Synthetic
area
defined
Originally
dip
of the Earth
by
in the
s crust
Cloos 1928
direction as
same
the
major fault and have less
term
use
to
to
the
cross
subsidiary
are
to
formed in the
which
same stress
and
for strike
A strike
depression
low
pographic
topographic
slip deformation Clayton 1966
a
That
Tectonic subsidence
point
in
sedimentary
mechanism
to
strike
produced by
1978
given
driving
by removing
basin caused
by
at
tectonic
Keen
1979
Trace
the
Reid
slip
trace
et
of
a bed
aI
1913
1984
stresses
a
that tends
substance
to
lengthen
one
Tension
p 2182
1941
and
at
1967
A strike
Wilson
Transform
margin
slip
57
fault that
acts
as
such
as
oceanic
1965
A
Freund
that
litho
against
subduction
ridges
transform faults
are
also
plate
1974
plate margin
formed
by
a trans
strike
slip
A
Transgression
generally expressed
landward
movement
of
shoreline
Transtension
A system of stresses that operates in
of oblique extension modified from Harland 1971
divergent
by
deformation
strike
slip
or
wrench fault
zones
See
transpression
or
Uniaxial tension in
Beckwith
wrench fault
A system of
Tension
increase the volume of
170
Transcurrent fault
marine facies
Subsidence
with respect
Thrust fault
Trend
The azimuth of
an
inclined
or
horizontal line
nonzero
fracture
negative
1975
See ex
1985
p 52 J T Engelder personal commun
tension fracture In strike slip systems extension fractures
and tension fractures form in response to simple shear at
Fig
Tchalenko and Am
Underlapping
faults
that
seg
1984
384
with fault
mous
fault
leasing
basin of Crowell
wedge
junction
See
re
fault
Y shear
A fault that forms in response to simple shear
and as deformation continues gradually accommodates most
of the
Bartlett
et
aI
the
along
movement
A strike
Wrench fault
1974a
principal displacement
zone
1981
central
America Bulletin
BURKE
In
this
compiling
glossary
have been
we
inspired by J
terminology
on
The
reviewed
various stages by
Grunow O R Seely
manuscript
A Aydin J T Engelder A M
and C C Wielchowsky We also
K
was
Kastens
at
thank I W O
C Nicholson and M S
ful
Oalziel
Steckler for
omissions
help
how
suggestions Remaining
ever the responsibility of the authors
Logistical support
was provided by Exxon Production Research Company
and
by an ARCO Foundation Fellowship to Christie Blick
errors
or
are
p 448 472
CAREY S W
S
NUR A
AND
1982a
79
Evolution of
p 429
Geo
458
pull apart
1982b
Evolution of
Tectonics
1985
push
sin Formation
gists
and
and
Sedimentation
Mineralogists Special
AND
PAGE
tonics
in
fornia
Geological Society
BALLANCE
Society
1984
37 p
Diverse Pliocene
San Francisco
transform environment
F
1980
and
Mobile Zones
uf Amcrica Bulletin
BALLY A
Listric
35
Reading
oblique slip
cds
95
1303
fault
non
zones
1317
marine
ill Bal
Sedimentation in
Association of
p 229 236
BERNOULLI D DAVIS
44
Quaternary tec
Bay region Cali
International
Publication No
of Economic Paleontolo
Publication No
indepen
105
and
AYDIN
pull apart
91
The
in Biddle K
Oblique Slip
Sedimentologists Spccial
AND
MONTADERT L
1981
tional
sium
Paris
BARTLETT
p 87 101
W L FRIEDMAN
177
124
p 101
CHRISTIE BLICK N
mation
N
LOGAN
1981
Experimental
folding
and
AND
faulting
faults in limestone
BOND
sidence
AND
curves
KOMINZ
for the
early
1984
Paleozoic
355
AND
Strike
Society
BIDDLE
1985
strike
along
eds
tion
of
Publication 37
CLA YTON
of
p 1 34
1966 Tectonic
and
Geology
CLOOS
fault in North
current
schau
1928
19
246
251
in die
Einfiihrung
Dickinson
1959
Berlin
Geologie
503 p
American As
Borntraeger
miogeocline
southern Canadian
Origin
W R
ed
and
Paleontologists
190
Mineralogists Special
in
Society of
Eco
Publication No
22
204
1974b
in Dott
Sedimentation
Jr
along
and Shaver
eds
California
p 365
C D A
the Canadian
ology
DENNIS
18
1 G
Rocky
382
1970 Structural
Mountains
geology
FISCHER
p 332 406
ed
1967
International Tectonic
1969
Geologists Memoir
Geologic time distance
son
ed
Princeton
in the
eastern
Press
of
Bulletin
Dictionary
196 p
rates the Bubnoff unit
80 p 549 551
in Fischer A G
and Jud
of basins
47
American
University
margin
Association of Petroleum
New
Jersey
82
1984
A tectonic model for ridge trans
J
AND GALLO
D G
ridge plate boundaries Implications for the structure of oceanic
lithosphere Tectonophysics v 104 p 205 242
FREUND R
1971
The Hope Fault a strike slip fault in New Zealand
New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin v 86 p 1 49
Fox
A tectonic
Continental Drift
nomic
basins and
p 439 442
KIDD W
1982
sociation of Petroleum
of America Bulletin
logical Society
AYDIN
1968
The
1974a
R
AND
1958
convenor
CROWELL
ARMSTRONG
Pull
1936
REFERENCES
1966
California
11th Intcrnational
1976
C Crowell s insistence
77
MANN
uf Tasmania
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
1 H
form
1974
ophysics
1982
1976
transcurrent
faults
Tecton
21
8 p 33 39
HANDIN J
rifting in Pilmason
Geophysical
American
LOGAN
MIN
G
Union
ed
Con
Geodynamics
AND
STEARNS
385
GLOSSARY
ical
of America Bulletin
Society
GARFUNKEL
rift
1981
in relation
GEIKIE
kincmatics
Tectonophysics v 80
Geology Edinburgh
108
p 81
Oliver and
Fault nomenclature
of Canada Trans
Royal Society
p 71 85
Continued confusion in the classification of faults Geo
1971
GRESSL Y A
1838
America Bulletin
Observations
1389
early
sin
ill
Strike
37
159
p
HARDING
1985
ocean
Cretaceous
Biddle
N
cds
Deformation
Slip
of Economic
Basin Formation
and Sedimentation
Society
Publication No
Mineralogists Special
and
Palcontologists
PHILIPP
POLLARD
tural
Styles v
Geology
Series 15 v 3 p 4 2 1 to 4 2 8
Seismic characteristics and idcntification of
negative flower
positive structural inversion
Geologists Bulletin v 69 p 582
and
structures
AND
tectonic habitats
ican Association
Structural
1979
1058
HARDING
GREGORY
STEPHENS
AND
flower
positive
LH
1983
Bally
2 17
p 4 2 13 to 4
T
P
VIERBUCHEN
ries 15
HARDING
transtensional
vergent
and
settings
N
mentation
cial Publication No
B
Deformation
and
of di
and Christic
and Sedi
Mineralogists Spe
37
p 51 78
Tectonic transpression in Caledonian
1971
v
108
p 27 42
Dual classification of faults
1959
of Petroleum
HOBBS
Gcologists
MEANS
of Structural
HOFFMAN
DEWEY
Slave Lake
to
AND
43 p 217 237
WILLIAMS P F
1976
John
with
in Dott
American Associatiun
BURKE
AND
geosynclines
Canada
Paleontologists
New York
Geology
relation
genetic
Bulletin
An Outline
and Sons
Wiley
571 p
1974
Jr
and Shaver
Great
eds
1971
and
Origin
16
p 505
522
H
1980 Petroleum basins
c1assificatiuns and character
D
Journal uf Petroleum Geology v 3 p 187 207
B R
AND WILSHAW T R
1975 Fracture of Brittle Solids New
istics
York
MANN
Press
Cambridge University
P
HEMPTON
Develupment
of
R
basins
pull apart
Juurnal uf
AND
1983
BURKE
Gcology
91
K
p 529
554
MCCLAY
Society
MEANS
1981
What is
of London
339 p
MITCHUM
sea
and Price
cds
Special
1976
What is
thrust
Thrust and
Nappe
Publication No
level
JR
Part
II
1977
ill McClay
nappe
Tectonics Geological
p 7 9
New York
Springer
Seismic
Glossary
of
stratigraphy
terms
used in
and
of
1980
Journal of
SHATSKI
1527
v
47 p
POLLARD D
AND
85 p 4337 4350
Basic features of the structurcs and
1946a
Vcrlag
of
ill
in Penn
folding
1536
1980
D
Research
Geophysical
S
foreland
Appalachian
Virginia
Bulletin
SEGALL
Mechanics of
1963
development
plat
of the East
tectonics of ancient
forms
Geol No
parative
Ser Geol No
platforms Izvestiya
6 p 57 90
1984
Listric normal
W
American Association of Pctroleum
faults
5 62
Com
System
An illustrated summary
Bulletin v 68 p 801
Geologists
815
SLEEP
1971
nental
1966
Some observations
of International
Congress
ceedings
Astronomical
tectonic shear
on
of Rock Mechanics
Society
Society
1st
zones
Lisbon
Pro
I
p 329 335
1977
Introduction to the Structure of the Earth New
W
York McGraw Hill Book Company 2nd edition 640 p
STEARNS D W
1978 Faulting and forced folding in thc Rocky Moun
SPENCER
in Matthews
Society
M
Faulting
WATTS
AND
Laramide
Ill ed
41
1985
37
p
978
Folding Associated
Geolog
SYLVESTER
Principles
of Structural
537 p
compiler 1984
Geology
SYLVESTER
AND
California
Trough
Bulletin
60
TCHALENKO
SMITH
HINTE
1976
ada
Series
Tectonic
AND
E
in
No
1983
AND
374 p
transpression
zone
of Petroleum
1970
fractures
and
Saltun
Geologists
Structural analysis
Geological Socicty
of
of
analysis
application
RYAN
strength
v
17
p
B
micropa
ed
2nd edition p 1
The
uf
v
62 p 201
222
General introduction Facies
Walker
Scrics
cxploration geology
1984
AMBRASEYS
81 p 41 60
1978 Geohistury
i1
American
28
Bulletin
G
Reprint
A
Association
New
2102
leontology
Geologists
R
American
2081
America Bullctin
WALKER
Cliffs
Englewood
Geologists Reprint
Association of Petroleum
VAN
Science
Planetary
13
Prenticc Hall
Jersey
facies models
global changes
seismic slratigraphy
112
echelon strike
and West
sylvania
ologists
WATTS
R
en
the Dasht
204 p
BRADLEY
AYDIN
Journal
KLEMME
LAWN
Erdolfeldes
41
SUPPE
55
KARIG
27
RODGERS
STECKLER
Struktur
AND
tains foreland
and their
Aulacogens
a Proterozoic
example from
Geophysical
827
SKEMPTON
Spitsber
Geological Magazine
gen
HILL
T
Basin Formation
eds
Slip
1985
hydrocarbon traps
ill Biddle
Blick
HARLAND
Stylcs v 3
Gculogy Sc
N
by
Oklahoma
CHRISTIE BLICK
AND
wrench faults
Strike
1961
Deutsche
SHELTON
tectonic
styles platc
Structural
Convergent
Ardmore Basin
structure
803
Geo
10 028
duced
flower
J
1977
G
and heat flow with age Journal of
bathymetry
82
Geolog
54 p
An analysis of the variation of
SCLATER
AND
H
et al
1913 Report of the Committee on the Nomenclature
F
of Faults Geological Society of America Bulletin v 24 p 163 186
positive
1956
of Canada Bulletin 44
ridge scgments
RODGERS
structures
482
414
1983
1985
1246
p 1207
Structural conditions in Canadian coal mines
1958
B
floor
Andaman Sea
3
HILL
of America Bulletin
Research
ture
ies in
212
AND
REItJ
177
P
Eldingen
Spain
Society
NORRIS
Seismic Stratigraphy
Applications to Hydrocar
cd
American Association of Petroleum Geologists Mem
205
p
J
PARSONS
1392
Memoires de la Societe
112
p 1
GUIRAUD M
AND SEGUREr
82
northern
oir 26
MOODY
logical Survey
35
Payton C E
bon Exploration
ical
logical Society of
veaux
p 1049 1066
of the Dead Sea lcaky transfurm
87
structurc
435 p
E
1941
actions
Internal
platc
tu
1905
Boyd
GILL
of the Earth
5
17
1976
Flexure of the
lithosphere
386
1980
1178
WilCOX
tectonics
57
74
HARDING
T P
AND
SEELY
1973
Basic wrench
Geologists
Bulletin
WilSON
1965
new
207
rift
or
ramp valley
p 490 542
class of faults and their bearing on conti
WilLIS
343
347
valley
39