Went First Latin Exercises

Facillima; first Latin exercises.
Went, James, 1845-1936.

London; Longmans, Green, 1897.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027/chi.084954045
Public Domain, Google-digitized

http://www.hathitrust.org/access_use#pd-google
We have determined this work to be in the public domain,
meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are
free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or
in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders,
heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions
of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert
copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature
of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may
need to be obtained independently of anything we can
address. The digital images and OCR of this work were
produced by Google, Inc. (indicated by a watermark
on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests that
the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed
or used commercially. The images are provided for
educational, scholarly, non-commercial purposes.
Cbc (lmi were it w of Chicago
Tibrarics
|*|| ba-St
**
P4C/#/4
...
>
LAT IN Ex ERCISEs
v.
BY THE
JAMES WENT,
M.A.
39
LONG MAN
S,
HEAD MASTER OF THE WYGGESTON School,

AND OF QUEEN ElizaBETH's GRAMMAR school, LEicestER
AND CO.
PATERN OSTER ROW, LONDON

NEW YORK AND BOM BAY
1897
All
rights reserved
::
:
:.
::
#
*
T)
::
-:
.
*
..":
::
|.
i::*'
:
3'
3. 3. 3. {}49
PR E F A C E
THIs book, which has been in private use for some years, is not
intended to teach itself, but presupposes an earnest and intelligent

master.
It is designed to lead young boys, as rapidly as possible,
by means of very simple exercises, to some easy reading-book.
In
ordinary Grammar Schools only a limited amount of time can be
given to Latin, and the object aimed at is to obtain as rapid progress
as is consistent with thoroughness and accuracy.
an
of
as
of
of
in
to
so it.
The Definitions given here are brief and easy to remember. A

Definition, though it should be exact, need not be full; it should
rather serve as a peg upon which the teacher may hang an elaborate
explanation. This remark applies also to the exercises, which, in
the earlier pages especially, will require very full and careful ex
planation before the young pupil can be expected to attempt them.
To carry out this idea, the plan has been adopted of beginning with
exercises from English into Latin, from the known to the unknown,
and not from Latin into English.
Every English sentence should be parsed viv voce, and the neces
sary Latin words carefully declined, before the pupil is allowed to
attempt its translation into Latin.
Most Elementary Latin Books are too difficult, and make the
mistake of introducing complications and irregularities too early in
the exercises.
In this book the young pupil will learn something of
the use of all the Cases before he is allowed to leave the First
Declension, and so will not be puzzled by having to think of several
things at the same time. In some widely used books the Third
Declension is divided up according to the stem letter. This method
is very confusing, and, as the young pupil does not remember the
stem letters, nothing whatever is gained by
Here the words
are arranged according
their genders, and
the boy learns the
gender terminations from the first
easy and natural manner.
course, not complete, and only the
The Rules for Gender are,
principal exceptions are introduced, but good deal
Latin can be
boy can
carbasus, just
learned without knowing the Gender
PREFACE
iv.
get on very well for some time without being bewildered with the
declension of jusjurandum, respublica, and bos. The object aimed at
has been to give a full and accurate knowledge of ordinary forms,
leaving exceptional words to the time when, with more knowledge

and experience, analogy will enable the boy to pick them up easily
and with intelligence. To insist upon a child learning a whole page
of Irregular Nouns before he has even seen a Verb is both cruel and
absurd.
For the same reason it has not been thought necessary to give
separate exercises on the Irregular Adjectives or on the Adjectival
Pronouns. When the agreement of an Adjective with a Substantive
is thoroughly understood, a knowledge of these will follow as a

matter of course, and working long exercises on them is a waste of
time.
It is assumed, however, that the forms will be carefully learned
from the Primer or some other elementary Grammar, which, after
Exercise XIX., should be used side by side with this book.
These
remarks apply also to the Prepositions and Adverbs and to the
Irregular Verbs, which can be learned readily when the Four Regular
Conjugations have been thoroughly mastered.
On the other hand,
some very full exercises have been introduced on the Relative, a
subject which, from the want of careful elementary practice, is
usually a great difficulty with beginners.
It is hoped that the exercises may prove useful to a considerable
number of boys who enter Grammar Schools at the age of thirteen
or fourteen, and who wish to obtain some knowledge of Latin in a
comparatively short time. These boys necessarily cause a certain
amount of difficulty in a class. They are usually quite up to the
average of their age in other subjects, but being beginners in
Languages they have a difficulty in maintaining in the class the
position which properly belongs to them. The exercises here given
will, it is believed, enable them very quickly to commence an easy
author.
Although the plan adopted in this book is the one I have used
for many years, I have consulted a very large number of Foreign
Elementary Latin Books, and have availed myself of any help they
suggested.
the kind assistance of my colleague, Mr.

B.A.,
Hawthorn,
J. H.
who has given me valuable help in construct
ing the earlier exercises and in the revision of the whole book.
have to acknowledge
NOUNS.
six CasesNominative,
Accusative, Genitive, Dative, Ablative.
Cases.There
are
Vocative,
There are five Declensions, which may be distinguished

by the ending of the Genitive Singular.
The
The
The
The
The
First Declension makes the Genitive end in
ae.
Second
1.
Third
Fourth
Fifth
,
,
5*
25
3,
35
35
55
5*
55
is.
33
-?
35
25
35
35
3*
lis.
ei.
DECLENSION OF A Noun in English.

SINGULAR.
AV.
V.
O.
man.
man
man.
A. A
G. Of a
A.
PLURAL.
AV.
Men.
V. O. men
A.
Men.
G. Of men.
man.
D. 70 or for
a man.
By, with, or from a man.
D.
A.
To or for men.
By, with, or from men.
FIRST LATIN EXERCISES
The First Declension.

(1) The Genitive Singular of Nouns in the First Declen
sion ends in ae.
(2) Nouns of the First Declension are Feminine.

Axceptions.Names of Males are Masculine.
PATTERN
NOUN OF THE FIRST DECLENSION.

PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
M. Mens-a,
a table.
V. Mens-a,
O table /
Mens-am,
A.
a table.
G. Mens-ae, of a table.
D. Mens-ae, to or for a table.
A. Mens-, by, with, or from
a table.
AV.
W.
A.
G.
D.
A.
Mens-ae,
tables.
Mens-ae,
O tables /
tables.
Mens-as,
Mens-arum, of tables.
Mens-is,
to or for tables.
Mens-is,
by, with, or
from tables.
EXERCISE. I.
Vocabulary I.
NOUNS.
a girl.
a sailor.
an island.
Puella,
Nauta,
Insula,
Regina,
Casa,
Corona,
a queen.
a cottage.
a C/020/72.
VERBs.
Currit,
/24/25.
Currunt,
*7t.
Habet,
Habent,
has.
haze.
Verbs like currit and currunt, which require no other
word after them to make sense, are called Antransitize.
Verbs like habet and habent, which require an object after

them, are called Transitive.
-
The object of a Transitive Verb in Latin must be in the
Accusative Case.
A. I. The sailor runs. 2. The queen runs. 3. The

4. The island has a queen.
5. The girl has a
cottage.
6. The girls have cottages.
7. The queen has a
crown. 8. The sailors have crowns. 9. The cottages have
tables. Io. The islands have cottages.
girls run.
B. I. Puella currit.
Nautae currunt.
3. Reginae
currunt.
4. Nauta currit.
5. Puella coronam habet.
6. Nautae casas habent.
7. Regina insulam habet.
8.
Reginae
Insula nautas habet. 9. Insula casam habet. Io.
coronas habent.
2.
EXERCISE II.
II.
Vocabulary
in/iabitamt.
zuomam.
am
Bestia,
beast.
Diligentia, diligence.
s/ade.
Umbra,
Filia,
Incola,
wood.
farmer, /iusbandman.
a a
Silva,
Agricola,
Femina,
NOUNS.
daughter.
VERBs.
Laudat,
Laudant,
Aeove.
Noun which defines another Noun
put
praises.
praise.
in
Aeoves.
is
Amat,
Amant,
Case.
the Genitive
tants
of
Aexamp/e.Incolae insularum casas habent

the islamds have cottages.
The inhabi
3.
of
2.
of
I.
A. The women
the island have daughters.
The
queen praises the diligence
daughter.
the
The beasts
love the shade of the wood. 4. The daughters of the

farmer have crowns. 5. The cottage of the sailor has a
table. 6. The queen of the island has cottages.
7. The
daughters love the women of the islands. 8. The woods of
the island have beasts. 9. The farmers praise the diligence
of the women. Io. The inhabitants of the woods love the
daughters of the queen.
B.1. Femina puellae diligentiam laudat.
2. Insularum
reginam amant.
3. Agricolarum
filiae silvarum
umbram amant. 4. Nautae incolae diligentiam laudant.
5. Silvae bestiae umbras amant.
6. Incolae silvarum agri
colae casam laudant.
7. Feminae insulae puellam amant.
8. Incolae filia diligentiam nautae laudat.
9. Agricolae
insulae incolas silvae amant.
Io. Insularum puellae filias
reginae laudant.
nautae
EXERCISE III.
Vocabulary
III.
NOUNS.
Rosa,
Sagitta,
al/2
Pecunia,
Pugna,
money.
Victoria,
7"Oye.
arroza).
a battle.
a victory.
Praeda,
Persa,
Auriga,
ooty.
Reddit,
7"estores.
Reddunt,
restore.
a Persian.
a charioteer.
VERBS.
,
Dat,
Dant,
gives.
give.
The person who receives anything is put in the Dative.
Example.-The
woman gives the girl a rose; or, the

woman gives a rose to the girl (Femina dat rosam puellae).
A.1. The sailor restores
the money to the farmer.
The queen gives the girl a crown. 3. The battle gives

booty to the Persians. 4. The inhabitants restore the
beasts to the island.
5. Victory gives money to the sailor.
6. The battles give victory to the inhabitants.
7. The
farmers restore the arrows to the charioteer. 8. The arrows
give victory to the farmers.
9. The Persians give booty
daughters
to the charioteers.
Io. The
of the farmer give
roses to the sailors of the island.
2.
B.1. Aurigae
pecuniam
incolis dant. 2. Insularum

regina sagittas nautae dat. 3. Persae feminis praedam red
dunt. 4. Silvarum incolae puellis rosas dant. 5. Sagittae
Persis victoriam dant.
6. Pugna insulae nautis praedam
Aurigae
reginae
dat. 7.
filiae
coronam reddunt. 8. Pugnae
agricolis victorias dant.
9. Agricolae aurigae Persarum
pecuniam reddunt.
Reginae
Io.
filia Persae Sagittam dat.
EXERCISE IV.
Vocabulary IV.
NOUNS.
Poeta,
Hasta,
a poet.
a spear.
Constantia,
Porta,
constancy.
a gale.
Ornat,
Ornant,
adorns.
adorn.
VERBS.
Vulnerat,
Vulnerant,
zwounds.
wound.
A Noun
which denotes the instrument by which some

performed,
action is
is put in the Ablative Case.
Example.The farmer wounds the beast with an arrow

Agricola sagitta bestiam vulnerat.
IO
A.I. The
daughter adorns the cottage with roses.

2. The sailor wounds the charioteer with an arrow.
3. The
inhabitant adorns (his) daughter with a crown. 4. The
poets adorn the island with cottages.
5. The women adorn
cottages
gates.
the
with
6. The farmers wound the sailors
with spears.
B.-I.
Puellae reginam insulae amant. 2. Aurigae casas

hastis ornant. 3. Nauta poetam sagitt vulnerat. 4.
Feminae coronis incolas ornant. 5. Persae sagittis agricolas
vulnerant. 6. Regina feminam ros ornat.
EXERCISE. V.
(REVISION).
A.1. The queen of the island praises the diligence of

the charioteer. 2. The Persians restore the crowns to the
inhabitants of the woods. 3. The daughters of the sailor
adorn the gate of the cottage with roses.
4. The beasts
love the shade of the wood. 5. The charioteer adorns the
cottage of the island with arrows. 6. The battle gives
victory to the sailors.
7. The poets praise the constancy of
girl.
the
8. The inhabitants of the cottages restore the
money to the Persians.
9. The farmer wounds the beast
with an arrow.
Io. The daughters of the poets give the
booty to the charioteer.
B.1. Insularum silvae umbras bestiis dant. 2. Incolae

filia casam rosis ornat. 3. Incolae silvae Persis Sagittas
reddunt.
4. Poeta reginae diligentiam laudat.
5. Auriga
hast Persae filiam vulnerat.
6. Filiae feminarum Casae
portas rosis ornant.
7. Incolae insulae silvis bestias red
dunt. 8. Feminae insularum incolas amant. 9. Agricola
reginae coronam dat. 10. Poetae insulae silvarum incolis
rosas dant.
II
The Second Declension.

Nouns of the Second Declension ending in us, er are
Nouns ending in um are Neuter.
Masculine.
Exception.Names of Trees are Feminine.
PATTERN NOUNS OF SECOND
DECLENSION.
MASCULINEs.
PLURAL.
Puer-o.
|W.
to
or
of
A
W.
G.
A.
for
with,
from lords.
by,
or
or
A.
A.
A.
A. Domin-is,
AV.
Puer-orum.
Puer-is.
Puer-is.
lords
words.
boy.
Puer.
Puer-i.
V. Puer.
Puer-i.
A. Puer-um. Puer-os.
AP. Puer-O.
Domin-is,
lord.
AV.
G. Puer-i.
or
to
from
/ords.
A. Dominos,
lords.
Domin-orum,
G.
lords.
of a
D. G.
master.
Magister.
Magistr-i.
Magister.
Magistr-i.
Magistr-um. Magistr-os.
Magistr-i. Magistr-orum.
Magistris.
Magistr-o.
Magistr-o.
Magistr-is.
EXERCISE VI.
Vocabulary
VI.
Hortus,
field.
bull.
Servus,
Avus,
horse.
Amicus,
garden.
Patronus,
a a a
Campus,
Taurus,
Equus,
NOUNS.
a a a a
Domin-i,
Domin-i,
AV.
D.
Domin-us, a lord.
W. Domin-e,
O lord /
Domin-um,
A.
lord.
Domin-i,
lord.
Domin-o,
for
/ord.
A. Domin-o, y, with,
AV.
SINGULAR.
slave.
grandfather.
friend.
protector.
I2
VERBS.
Est,
is.
Sunt,
a?e.
Erat,
'
7/a$.
Erant,
7/ere.
These Verbs (being part of the Verb to be) require a

Nom. Case after them as well as efore them.
Et, and.
grandfather of the girl has a slave.
2. The
grandfather
husbandman and the
are friends.
3. The
Persians have fields and horses.
4. The slave is the
protector of the horses.
5. The grandfather praises the
diligence of the slave.
6. The friends of the charioteer
are husbandmen.
7. The protectors of the slaves have
fields and horses.
8. The grandfather restores the slaves
to the friend. 9. The protector of the horses gives a
garden to the slave.
Io. The slaves wound the bulls with
A. I. The
lOWS.
B.I. Avi
amicus equum habet. 2. Servus patroni

equos vulnerat. 3. Poetae equorum amici sunt. 4. Servorum
patronus avo reddit tauros.
5. Avus hortos servis dat.
6. Persarum auriga campum habet.
7. Tauri incolae sil
Aurigae
equos
varum sunt. 8.
hastis
vulnerant. 9. Persae
incolarum amici sunt.
Io. Insulae agricolae amicos
habent.
EXERCISE VII.
Vocabulary
VII.
NOUNS.
IDeclined like Puer :
Socer,
a father-in-law.
Gener,
a som-in-/azv.
Signifer, a standaroebeamer.
Liberi (plural), c/hi/dren.
Declined like Magister :

a zwormam.
Faber,
a book.
Liber,
Culter,
a kmife.
Minister,
a servant.
I3
VERBS.
Docet,
teaches.
A.1. The workman has
Docent,
knife.
2.
teach.
The father-in-law
gives books to the servant. 3. The children of the standard

bearer have books.
4. The servants of the grandfather
have knives. 5. The son-in-law gives a knife to the work
man. 6. The workmen have books and knives.
7. The
give
standard-bearers
knives to the servants.
8. The father
in-law wounds the servant with a knife. 9. The master
teaches the children of the workmen.
Io. The servant
gives a book to the son-in-law.
B.1.
Ministrorum generi cultros habent. 2. Faber

genero
librum
dat.
3.
Minister signiferi liberos amat.
4. Signifer soceri ministrum cultro vulnerat.
5. Magister
signiferos docet. 6. Minister puero libros dat.
7. Socer
Signiferi
gener
fabri liberos laudat. 8.
libros et liberos
habet. 9. Fabri cultros liberis dant.
10. Signiferorum
liberi cultros ministris dant.
EXERCISE VIII.
NEUTER NOUNS.
In all
Neuter Nouns the Nominative, Vocative and

Accusative Cases are alike, and in the Plural these cases
always end in a.
PATTERN NEUTER NOUN OF SECOND
Bellum,
Bell-um.
V. Bell-um.
A. Bell-um.
DECLENSION.
zwar.
G. Bell-i.
Bell-a.
Bell-a.
Bell-a.
Bell-orum.
A.
Bell-is.
Bell-is.
AV.
D. Bell-O.
Bell-O.
I4
Vocabulary
VIII.
NOUNS.
IDonum,
Argentum,
Oppidum,
Templum,
Aurum,
a gift.
Telum,
a towm.
a dart.
a temp/e.
gold.
Praesidium, a garrisom.
Scutum,
a shie|d.
Bellum,
Periculum,
si/wer.
70/a^.
damger.
VERBS.
Terret,
Terrent,
frightens.
frightem.
Defendit,
defends.
Defendunt, defend.
A. I. The
town has a temple. 2. The darts of the

garrison frighten the inhabitants.
3. The garrison defends
the temples with shields. 4. The queen gives gold to the
temple. 5. The dangers of war frighten the slaves.
6. The
charioteer defends the silver with a shield.
7. The work
men give gifts to the temples. 8. The charioteers love the
dangers of war. 9. The garrisons defend the town with
darts.
B. I. Oppidi templa dona habent.
2. Persae scutis
oppidum defendunt.
3. Signiferi templo dona dant.
4. Bella praesidium terrent. 5. Praesidium tela et scuta
habet. 6. Fabri templum telis ornant. 7. Auriga aurum
telo defendit. 8. Periculum oppidi incolas terret.
9.
oppidi
praesidia
colae
telis vulnerant.
I o. Persarum tela
praesidium terrent.
In
ADJECTIVES.
in
its
Adjectives of the First and Second Declensions are

declined in the Masculine and Neuter like Nouns of the
Second Declension, and in the Feminine like Nouns of the
First Declension.
Number, Case and
An Adjective agrees with
Noun
Gender.
I5
PAtTERN ADJECtIvEBonus, good.

SINGULAR.
N.
F.
M.
bon-um.
bon-um.
bon-um.
bon-i.
bon-o.
bon-o.
bon-a,
bon-a,
bon-am,
bon-ae,
bon-ae,
Bon-us,
V. Bon-e,
A. Bon-um,
G. Bon-i,
Ae. Bon-o,
A. Bon-o,
AE.
bon-,
PLURAL.
F.
M.
Bon-i,
Hon-i,
V.
A. Bon-os,
G. Bon-orum,
/D. Bon-is,
A. Bon-is,
AE.
N.
bon-ae,
bon-ae,
bon-as,
bon-arum,
bon-is,
bon-is,
bon-a.
bon-a.
bon-a.
bon-orum.
bon-is.
bon-is.
EXERCISE IX.
Vocabulary
Malus,
Magnus,
Parvus,
Timidus,
Firmus,
Carrus,
Cibus,
Filius,
Pilum,
Consilium,
mala,
magna,
parva,
timida,
firma,
a cart.
food.
$o.
a fave/in.
advice, plam.
Castra, orum, (neut. pl.) camp.
IX.
malum,
magnum,
parvum,
timidum,
firmum,
zwicked.
large.
sma//.
timid.
strong.
I6
A.1. The horses have good food.

2. The
arrow
wounds the son of the timid slave.
3. The advice of the
charioteer is good. 4. The Persians defend the temple with

a garrison.
5. The friends give silver to the strong slave.
6. The husbandman wounds the boy with a large knife.
7. The strong javelins frighten the timid girls.
8. The
queen praises the diligence of the good children.
9. The
friend gives food to the little boys.
10. The advice of the
father-in-law is good.
B.1. Patroni dona magna praesidio dant.
2.
Liberi
ministrorum timidorum parvi sunt. 3. Servus cibum bonum

equis firmis dat.
4. Amicus signiferi mali servum amat.
5. Faber scutum magnum rosis ornat.
6. Signifer malus
pueros parvos docet. 7. Persae oppidum praesidio firmo
defendunt.
8. Avus carrum magnum agricolae timido dat.
9. Consilium servorum Persas timidos terret.
Io. Aurigae
fabros malos pilis vulnerant.
EXERCISE X.
Vocabulary
Asper,
Tener,
Miser,
aspera,
tenera,
misera,
Pulcher,
Aeger,
pulchra,
Niger,
nigra,
molesta,
noxia,
Molestus,
Noxius,
Gratus,
aegra,
grata,
Multus,
multa,
Numerus,
Oculus,
Captivus,
a number.
Ludus,
Legatus,
X.
asperum,
tenerum,
miserum,
pulchrum,
aegrum,
nigrum,
molestum,
noxium,
gratum,
multum,
an eye.
a captive.
a game.
an ambassador.
rough.
tender.
zwretched.
beautiful.
sick.
black.
troublesome.
hurtful.
fleasing.
much, many.
17
VERBS.
Videt,
$ee$.
Vident,
See.
A. I. The
beasts.
shade of the woods is pleasing to many

2. The friend of the wicked slave has a black
horse. 3. The charioteer has beautiful carts.

4. The eyes
of the beautiful daughter are black. 5. The children are
troublesome to the wretched captive. 6. The,inhabitants
of the island see many games. 7. The grandfther of the
sick boy gives advice to the slaves. 8. The captives wound
the ambassadors
with rough javelins.
9. The beautiful
women love the children of the wretched husbandman.
Io. The slaves give much food to the great horse.
pulchrum pilis multis
defendunt.
mali ludos pulchros vident.
3.
Agricolae timidi dona multa legatis reddunt.
4. Nigri servi
Persarum malorum praeda sunt. 5. Tela captivi mali aspera
sunt.
6. Ludi pulchri grati puellae tenerae erant.
7.
Legati dona parva captivo aegro dant. 8. Numerus magnus
servorum nigrorum aeger est.
9. Aurigae nigri incolas
miseros telis vulnerant.
Io. Sagitta parva poetae timidi
oculum vulnerat.
B. I. Fabri
miseri
oppidum
2. ILegati
The Third Declension.

The Nom. Sing. of Nouns of the Third Declension ends
in various letters.
PATTERN NOUN OF THIRD IDECLENSION.
.
V.
A.
G.
JD.
A.
Leo (m.), a lion,

Leo,
Leon-em,
Leon-is,
Leon-i,
Leon-e,
leon-es.
leon-es.
leon-es.
leon-um.
leon-ibus.
leon-ibus.
18
To decline
a word
of the Third Declension it is necessary

is
the following
completely decline the word:
endings
the base will
The addition
to
of
is
of
of
is.
to know the Genitive Case, which always ends in

The
cutting
by
base
word
the Third Declension
found
off the final
of the Genitive.
MASC. AND FEM.
P.
A.
eS.
em.
eS.
G. is.
(i)um.
ibus.
ibus.
a.
a.
a.
G. is.
(i)um.
AD.
ibus.
(i).
ibus.
of
e. i.
A.
A.
V.
AV.
S.
A.
V.
i.
AV
P.
S.
e.
S.
D.
NEUTER.
in
in
as
syllables
Nouns which have the same number
the
Parisyl
Singular
Genitive
the Wominative are called
lables, asrupes, rup-is,
rock.
Nouns which have more
Pl,
in
in
syllables
the Genitive than
the Wominative are called
asmiles, milit-is,
Imparisyllables
soldier.
a
As
rule Parisyllables addium for the Gen.
Imparisyllabic Nouns add only um.
ending.
are mostly
if
es.
Feminine;
os
do, go,
(oris), mouth, are Neuter.
in
os
Axceptions.-Words
in
of
the Third Declension are Masculine

er.
Also Imparisyllables
fo,
or,
os,
Nouns
o,
in
GENDER IN THE THIRD DECLENSION.

they end
(ossis), bone,
I9
Vocabulary XI.
Learn and decline

GENDER ACCORDING TO RULE.
Leo,
Color,
Flos,
leon-is,
color-is,
flor-is,
Agger,
Trames,
agger-is,
tramit-is,
a lion.
a colour.
a flower.
a mound.
a path.
GENDER EXCEPTIONAL.
Magnitudo,
magnitudin-is,
virgin-is,
legion-is,
oss-is,
or-is,
Virgo,
Legio,
Os,
Os,
size.
a maiden.
a legion.
a bone.
a mouth.
s,
in
es. or
Parisyllables
in x,
is,
Nouns of the Third Declension are Feminine if they end

following another consonant. Also
as, aus,
in
Exceptions.Fons, mons, pons, dens, are Masculine.
Decline and learn

GENDER ACCORDING TO RULE.
nub
GENDER
Fons,
Mons,
Pons,
Dens,
a a
laud-is,
leg-is,
mort-is,
Nubes,
tempestat-is,
fleet.
tempest.
praise.
law.
death.
cloud.
EXCEPTIONAL.
font-is,
mont-is,
pont-is,
dent-is,
fountain.
mountain.
a a a a
Mors,
class-is,
is,
Classis,
Tempestas,
Laus,
Lex,
bridge.
tooth.
2O
VERBS.
Facit,
makes.
Faciunt,
make.
EXERCISE XI.
strong bones.
2. Flowers
have
beautiful colours. 3. The colours of a flower are beautiful.
4. The maiden gives food to the lion.
5. The legions
defend the fleet.
6. The flowers are pleasing to the
maiden. 7. The woods have rough paths.
8. The camp
has a mound.
9. The grandfather gives laws to the slaves.
legions
Io. The
see many fountains.
1 1. The lion wounds
the boy with (his) teeth.
12. The garrison gives gold to
the legion.
13. The fleet defends the bridges.
14. The
danger of death frightens the slaves.
15. The husbandmen
give great praise to the fleet.
A.1.
Lions have
B.1. Leo os magnum habet.
2. Leges servis molestae

Agricolae
sunt.
3.
nubes multas vident.
4. Fontes
pulchri grati puellae sunt. 5. Servi montes multos vident.
6. Agricolae tramites multos faciunt.
7. Legati laudem
classi dant.
8. Tempestates nigrae puellam terrent.
9.
Fontes servi faciunt.
Io. Mors timidum aurigam terret.
11. Avus leges multas servis dat.
12. Ludi signiferis grati
erant.
13. Pilis classem Persae defendunt.
14. Color
Virgines
niger
pulchrae
nubium
erat.
15.
flores multos
habent.
NEUTER NOUNS OF THIRD DECLENSION.
Nouns of the Third Declension are Neuter if they end

ar, ur, us, l, a, n, c, e, i.
in
Exceptions.Words in us increasing long are feminine, as virtus,

Lepus and mus are masculine,
virtutis.
Pecus pecidis is feminine.
Consul, sal and sol are masculine.

Vocabulary
2I
XII.
Decline and learn

ACCORDING TO RULE.
Calcar,
Fulgur,
Opus,
Poema,
Gramen,
Lac,
Caput,
Animal,
calcar-is,
fulgur-is,
oper-is,
poemat-is,
gramin-is,
lact-is,
capit-is,
animal-is,
spur.
/ightning.
zwork.
a poem.
grass.
milk.
a head.
an animal.
EXCEPTIONS.
Virtus,
Pecus,
Lepus,
Mus,
Consul,
Sal,
Sol,
virtut-is, (f)
pectid-is, (f)
lepor-is,
(m.)
mur-is,
(m.)
consul-is, (m.)
sal-is,
(m.)
sol-is,
(m.)
zirtue, zalour.
a beast.
a hare.
a 77/02/S.
a consul.
salt.
the sun.
Neuters ending in ar, l, e, have i in Abl. Singular, ia in

Nom. Voc. and Acc. Plural, ium in Gen. Plural.
EXERCISE XII.
A.1. Work is troublesome to the slave. 2. The boy
wounds the hare with an arrow. 3. The maidens give grass
to the horses. 4. The children have much milk. 5. Grass
is the food of horses.
6. The heads of lions are large.
many
legions. 8. Many legions defend
7. The Persians have
the consul. 9. Mice and hares are timid.

loves the great virtue of the maiden.
Io. The poet
22
poemata faciunt.
gratum
2. Gramen
pecudi est.
3. Consules aggeres magnos defendunt.
4.
Fulgur leporem terret. 5. Virgo lac muri dat. 6. Poemata
poetae pulchra sunt. 7. Signiferi Persarum virtutem laudant.
8. Amicus consulis argentum ministris dat.
9. Pecudes
gramen tenerum amant.
Leges
Io.
molestae consulibus
malis sunt.
B.1.
Poetae
EXERCISE XIII.
Vocabulary
XIII.
N E UTER N
Latus,
Tempus,
Onus,
Vulnus,
Corpus,
Mare,
UN S.
later-is,
a side.
tempor-is,
oner-is,
vulner-is,
corpor-is,
a time.
a weight, burden.
a zwound.
a body.
the sea.
mar-is,
ADJECTIVEs.
Jucundus, a, um,
pleasant.
Notus, a, um,
Longus, a, um,
nown.
long.
A.1. The sides of the garden are long. 2. The time

is pleasant.
3. The wounds are hurtful to the animal.
4. The sea is known to sailors.
5. Lions have strong
strong.
bodies. 6. The bodies of lions are
7. The consuls
wound the horses with spurs. 8. Mice have small heads.
9.
The hare has large
teeth.
Io. The large weight is
hurtful to the animal.

II. Grass is pleasant to the hare.
12. The sides of the wretched animals have wounds.
B.1. Vulnera consuli molesta sunt.
amici
defendit.
3.
Lepores
gramen
2.
Consul corpus
tenerum
amant.
23
4. Corpora leonum firma sunt.

5. Onera magna servos
terrent. 6. Opera consuli nota sunt.
7. Corpus consulis
nigros
multa vulnera habet. 8. Servus multos
mures habet.
9. Latera leonis aspera sunt.
EXERCISE XIV.
XIV.
Grex, gregis,
Paucus, a, um,
Albus,
um,
zwhite.
be
(f) summer.
Aestas -atis,
flock
few.
a,
-i,
Ver, ver-is,
(n.) spring.
Hiems, hiem-is, (f) winter.
Auctumnus
(m.) autumn.
used
or
in
NOTE.The Ablative Case

Latin may
place
denote time when
where.
to
Vocabulary
To denote time when
use the Simple Ablative.
express
the Ablative.
place where
use the Preposition
in
To
in
Example.Tempests
winter are great.
Tempestates hieme sunt magnae.
before
in
is
Example.A lion
the garden.
Leo est IN horto.
2.
in in
is
8.
in
of
to
is
in is
in
II.
9.
7.
in
6.
in
in
in
5.
3.
in
is
in
tempest
4: is
in
Lightning
winter
troublesome.
autumn
troublesome.
Games
summer are
garden
pleasant.
Hares
are troublesome.
spring
pleasing.
Flowers are few
winter.
Grass
many
Tempests
(There) are
flocks
the woods.
summer frighten the animals.
The paths are white
winter.
Io. There
summer great number
flowers.
white winter
troublesome
the flocks.
I2.
spring.
Beautiful flowers are
the fields
A.1.
24
ADJECTIVES
OF THE
Tristis,
THIRD DECLENSION.
sad.
Melior,
N.
trist-e.
trist-e.
trist-e.
M.F.
SINGULAR.
SINGULAR.
M.F.
M. Trist-is,
W. Trist-is,
A. Trist-em,
G.
Trist-is.
AD.
Trist-i.
A.
Trist-i.
Melior,
Melior,
V.
A.
Melior-em,
G.
Melior-is.
Melior-i.
Melior-e or i.
JD.
A.
PLURAL.
N.
trist-ia.
trist-ia.
trist-ia.
G.
Trist-ium.
D.
Trist-ibus.
A.
Trist-ibus.
Felix,
fortunate.
SINGULAR.
M.F.
AW.
IZ.
A.
G.
JD.
A.
M.F.
AV. Melior-es,
V. Melior-es,
A. Melior-es,
G.
JD.
A.
melior-a.
melior-a.
melior-a.
Ingens,
immense.
SINGULAR.
M.F.
N.
Ingens.
Ingens.
ingens.
A. Ingent-em,
G.
Ingent-is.
JD.
Ingent-i.
A.
Ingent-i or -e.
AV.
W.
Felix.
Felic-em,
Felic-is.
Felic-i.
Felic-i.
PLURAL.
G.
N.
Melior-um.
Melior-ibus.
Melior-ibus.
D.
A.
N.
Felix.
Felix.
M.F.
AV. Felic-es,
V. Felic-es,
A. Felic-es,
N.
melius.
melius.
melius.
AV.
PLURAL.
M.F.
AV. Trist-es,
V. Trist-es,
A. Trist-es,
better.
PLURAL.
N.
felic-ia.
felic-ia.
felic-ia
Felic-ium.
Felic-ibus.
Felic-ibus.
AV
V.
A.
G.
D.
A.
N.
M.F.
Ingent-es,
ingent-ia.
Ingent-es,
ingent-ia.
Ingent-es,
ingent-ia.
Ingent-ium.
Ingent-ibus.
Ingent-ibus.
25
EXERCISE XV.
Vocabulary XV.
Fidelis, fidele, faithful.

Utilis, utile,
useful.
short.
brave.
sweet.
sad.
all, every.
Omnis, omne,
Facilis, facile,
Crudelis, e,
Insignis,
Celer,
cruel.
renowned.
e,
e,
Tristis, triste,
is,
Brevis, breve,
Fortis, forte,
Dulcis, dulce,
swift.
easy.
B.1. Bellum erat breve
to
is
9.
to
8.
of
7.
6.
of
5.
4.
3.
of
2.
to
husbandmen.
The friends
the faithful workman have knives.
The cruel Persians
wound all the inhabitants.
The severe consul has
faithful son-in-law.
The cruel lion wounds the slave
with (his) teeth.
The daughters
the renowned queen
are cruel.
The standard-bearer wounds the charioteer
with
short spear.
The children
the renowned
give
gifts
consuls are sad.
The faithful slaves
the sad
captive.
Io. Death
sweet
the wretched maiden.
A.1. Carts are useful
9.
8.
7.
6.
5.
3.
4.
2.
et
molestum.
Omne animal
campos amat.
Sagittae aurigis utiles sunt.
Femina
cibum dulcem liberis dat.
Praesidium forte consulem
Signiferi
timidum defendit.
Latera horti sunt brevia.
crudeles tristes servos vulnerant.
Fideles servi aurigam
gratum
equis omnibus est.
fortem laudant.
Gramen vere
Io. Fortes incolae pontem telis defendunt.
11. Hastae
aurigis,
aggere
utiles sunt omnibus
12. Incolae
brevi
oppidum defendunt.
EXERCISE XVI.
Vocabulary
Diligens -entis, diligent.

Sapiens -entis,
Ingens -entis,
wise.
immense.
Potens -entis,
fowerful.
-entis,
prudent.
Prudens
XVI.
Audax -acis,
Rapax -acis,
Impar -aris,
Felix -icis,
Ferox -ocis,
bold.
rapacious.
unequa/.
fortunate.
fierce.
26
A.1. The boys are diligent. 2. The powerful consul

has an immense shield.
3. The bold farmers frighten the
rapacious
lion.
The fortunate
children have wise

friends.
5. The workman makes short spears
for the
renowned Persian. 6. The brave ambassador has diligent
children.
7. The maiden gives all (her) gifts to the
prudent woman.
8. Bold legends defend the faithful
ambassador.
9. There are few flowers in winter.
Io.
Lions have immense heads,
11. The fierce slaves wound
the faithful friend.
12. The size of the temple is immense.
4.
B.1. Amici consulis sapientes sunt.

2. Taurus est
diligentes
grati
animal crudele. 3. Liberi
avo sunt. 4.
Pecunia utilis fabris aegris est.
5. Consilia sapientis
signiferi
prudentia
erant.
6. Auriga
hast insignem
con
sulem vulnerat. 7. Fortes servi bestiam ingentem sagittis

vulnerant.
8. Multae
nubes hieme sunt.
9. Pecudes
omnes campos amant.
Io. Sol aestate potens est.
II.
pilo
corpus
Sapientes
Persa acri
consulis vulnerat.
12.
pauci
incolae in insula
sunt.
The FOurth Declension.

Nouns of the Fourth Declension ending in us are Mascu
line, and those in u are Neuter.
Exceptions.Manus, acus, and names of trees are Feminine.
All Fourth
Declension Nouns make their Gen. Sing, in is.
Decline-gradus, a
SINGULAR.
M. Grad-us,
V. Grad-us,
A. Grad-um,
G. Grad-us,
D. Grad-ui,
A. Grad-u,
step
(m.).
l
|
}
PLURAL.
grad-s.
grad-m.
grad-ibus.
27
Cornu, a horn.
PLURAL.
SINGULAR.
M. Corn-u,
V Corn-u,
COrn-lla.
A. Corn-u,
Corn-ui,
A. Corn-u,
G. Corn-us,
corn-iim.
AD.
corn-ibus.
EXERCISE XVII.
XVII.
Vocabulary
Cantus -s,
Senatus -s,
Exercitus -s,
Equitatus -s,
Impetus -s,
Sensus -s,
Motus -s,
a song.
Portus -s,
the senate.
Manus -us,
army.
cavalry.
Quercus -us,
Cursus -s,
harbour.
(f) hand.
(f) oak.
running.
Arcus -s,
Acus -us, (f)
violence.
sense.
motion.
in.
Acer, Acr-is, Acre, sharp, keen ; Navis -is,

In. (prep. with Abl.), on,
ozw.
needle.
(f)
a ship.
VERBS.
Pugnat (sing.),
pugnant (pl.),
Occidit (sing),
fights.
fight.
of
A.1. The running
occidunt (pl.),
il/s.
kill.
in
2.
is
of
7.
6.
to
5.
is
4. 3.
horses
swift.
The senate
cavalry
island,
makes laws.
The
on the
the fleet
the harbour.
The army has bows and arrows.
The
gives
army.
senate
laws
the
The violence
the
army frightens the senate.
The cavalry fights with
great violence.
Many oaks are
9.
8.
in
1.
of
of
the woods.
The
garrison defends the town with bows and arrows.
10. The
armies
the consul are powerful.
The brave standard
many
bearer kills lion with (his) hand.
12. The senses
28
animals are keen.

13. The motion of a hare is swift.
The violence of the cavalry was immense.
B. I. Manus agricolae sunt
14.
2. Agricola manus
impetu currit.
4.
asperae.
magno
habet.
3. Exercitus
Insula multos portus habet. 5. Magnitudo exercitus parva
est.
6. Equitatus magnum numerum arcuum habet.
7.
Animalia sensus acres habent. 8. Naves longae in portu
sunt. 9. Senatus dona magna exercitui dat.
Io. Cursus
legionum erat celer. I I. Quercus magnae umbram equitatui
dant.
I 2. Regina . legatos senatui reddit.
I 3. Virtus
magna
exercituum
in bello erat.
14. Consules exercitus in
campis vident.
1 5. Legati dona in manibus habent.
asperas
The Fifth Declension.

Nouns of the Fifth Declension are Feminine, except dies,
which is Common in the Sing. and Masculine in the Plural.
Declinedies, a day.
AE. IDi-es,
l.
V. IDi-es,
di-es.
A.
Di-em,
G. Di-ei,
/D. Di-ei,
A. Di-e,
di-erum.
di-ebus.
EXERCISE XVIII.
|
|
|
of
Glacies -ei, ice.

Effigies -ei, statue.
Pernicies -ei, ruim, destructiom.
5.
in
2.
is
is
3.
is
in
4.
consul has
winter.
//aim.
XVIII.
boys
laziness
troublesome.
The
statue
the friend.
There
much ice
great army
the plain.
The workman
The
A
I.
A.
/aziness.
/io/e.
of
Segnities
Spes, sp-ei,
Planities -ei,
ei,
Vocabulary

sees ice in the garden.
victory.
7.
6.
29
The Persians have great hope of
The colour of ice is beautiful.
B.1. Planities magna est in insula. 2. Incolae magna

spe pugnant.
3. Avus parvam effigiem in cas habet,
4.
Magna est segnities servorum. 5. In planitie erant multae

legiones. 6. Pernicies Persarum in pugn ingens erat.
Comparison of Adjectives.
three degrees of Comparison: the
Positive, the Comparative, and the Superlative.
An Adjective
has
The Comparative is formed from the Positive by changing

the i or is of the Genitive into ior.
The Superlative is formed from the Positive by changing
the i or is of the Genitive into is simus.
POSITIVE.
GENITIVE.
Longus,
long-i,
Tristis,
trist-is,
felic-is,
Felix,
Ingens,
COMPARATIVE.
ingent-is,
long-ior,
trist-ior,
felic-ior,
ingent-ior,
SUPERLATIVE.
long-issimus.
trist-issimus.
felic-issimus.
ingent-issimus.
Adjectives ending in er form the Superlative by adding

rimus to the Positive.
POSITIVE.
GENITIVE.
Tener,
Pulcher,
tener-i,
pulchr-i,
COMPARATIVE.
SUPERLATIVE.
tener-ior,
pulchr-ior
tener-rimus.
pulcher-rimus.
*
The following Adjectives make the Superlative by changing

the is of the Positive into limus :
Facilis,
Difficilis,
similis,
dissimilis,
gracilis,
humilis.
POSITIVE.
COMPARATIVE.
SUPERLATIVE,
Facilis,
facilior,
facillimus.
30
The following Comparisons are irregular:

POSITIVE.
SUPERLATIVE.
COMPARATIVE.
good,
optimus.
bad,
pessimus.
melior,
pejor,
major,
Magnus, great,
minor,
Parvus, small,
Multus, much, many, plus, (n.)
Malus,
maximus.
minimus.
plurimus.
all
Bonus,
Superlatives
are declined like melior;
Comparative
are declined like bonus.
After
the word than
may
quam,
quam
translated
omitted and the Noun
placed
after
the Ablative
it
be
or
in
is
by
All Comparatives
Leo est fortior quam mus;

or Leo est fortior mure.
EXERCISE XIX.
stag.
XIX.
2.
A.1. Horses are swifter than cows.
Iron
river.
iron.
night.
-i,
Flumen -inis, (n.)

Ferrum
(n.)
Nox, noctis, (f)
Miles -itis, (m.)
Velox -ocis,
soldier.
swift.
is
-i,
Cervus
Gladius
sword.
declinable),
nothing.
Nihil(not
sheep.
Ovis -is, (f)
cow.
-i,
Vacca -ae,
Vocabulary
more
is
5.
3.
utiliores ovibus.
Faber
Leones firmiores quam vaccae sunt.
equo est.
Nihil pejus segnitie est.
2.
Vaccae sunt
quam servus. '4.
Taurus crudelior
Mare asperius
7.
diligentior
5.
est
B.1. Equi sunt majores quam oves.
6.
In
is
9.
8.
7.
6.
is
3.
4.
Stags are swifter than horses.

useful than gold.
An
arrow
shorter than sword.
The cow
more useful
Sheep are smaller than cows.
than the sheep.
The
girls are more diligent than the boys.
summer days
Nothing
are longer than nights.
more beautiful than
valour.
3I
quam flumina est. 8. Lepores sunt timidiores tauris. 9.

Noctes hieme longiores diebus sunt. 10. Equitatus fortior
quam classis erat.
C.1. The hare is a very timid animal. 2. Tempests
are very troublesome to the fleet.
3. The inhabitants of the
island are very wise.
4. The sailors are very brave.
5.
very
The teeth of a mouse are
small. 6. The slave has a
very faithful friend.
7. Grass is very pleasing to the horses.
8. The harbours have very many ships.
9. The soldiers
daughters
captives.
kill the most renowned
Io. The
of the
cruel queen are very sad.
D.1. Ministri cofsulis fidelissimi erant.
2. Ludus
pueris jucundissimus est. 3. Nubes maximae hieme sunt.
4. Mures animalia minima sunt.
5. Sagittae Persarum
celerrimae erant.
6. Plurima dona in templis sunt.
7.
Pecunia omnibus utilissima est. 8. Liberi aurigae diligen

tissimi sunt.
9. Aestate tempus pulcherrimum est.
10.
Filiae habent flores plurimos.
ACTIVE VERBS.
EXERCISE XX. FIRST CONJUGATION.
PRESENT, FUTURE SIMPLE, AND IMPERFECT.
Vocabulary
Servo,
A mo,
Expugno,
Voco,
Laudo,
Nidifico,
Vasto,
AEdifico,
Latro,
Vitupero,
Volo,
XX.
Renovo,
Keep, save.
/oze.
Habito,
storm.
Porto,
Pugno,
Supero,
cal/.
fraise.
build a nest.
lay waste.
build.
bark.
blame.
fly.
Muto,
Honoro,
Diu,
renezw.
dwel/.
carry.
fight.
07//co//le.
change.
honour.
a long time.
Piger, gra, grum, idle.
Mos, mor-is, manner.
Benignus,
kind.

Vocabulary
XX.continued.
Dux, duc-is, leader.

Canis, can-is, dog.
Pater, -tris,
father.
Mater, -tris, mother.
Soror, -oris, sister.
Urbs, urbis,
city.
Frater, -tris,
brother.
Parens, -entis,
parent.
Avis, -is,
pupil.
bird.
Ager, agr-i,
field.
Fortiter,
&ravely.
In, prep. (with Acc.), into.
its
a a a
Verb agrees with
an eagle.
an enemy.
Roman.
a a a
Romanus,
Discipulus,
-i, -i,
Aquila, -ae,
Hostis, -s,
Person.
Nominative
in
32
Number and
6.
of
5.
of
4.
3.
2.
A.1. The boy loves (his) father and mother.

The
girl will love (her) beautiful mother.
The good boys
were loving their tender sisters.
The soldiers storm the
strong city.
The brother
the boy will call his parents.
The master was praising the good daughters
the
brave soldiers.
4. in
6.
5.
3.
2.
et
Aquila
puellas amabunt.
B.1. Parentes pueros
rupe nidificat.
pulchram
Hostes urbem
vastant.
Romani templa magna aedificabant.
Canis nocte latrabit.
Magister malos discipulos vituperabit.
PERFECT, FUTURE PERFECT, AND PLUPERFECT.
In
In
6.
5.
of
4.
in
3.
2.
C.1. The soldiers have fought bravely.

winter
the birds will have fled into Africa.
the summer we
dwelt
the fields.
The enemy (pl.) have overcome the
great army
the Romans.
The idle boys had changed
their manners.
The soldiers will have honoured the kind
leaders.
4.
in
6.
5.
3.
2.
D.1. Milites nostri hostem superaverint.

Dux
pugnam renovavit.
Canis diu latraverat.
Milites
Magister discipulos
fortes onera magna portaverunt.
pigros vituperaverat.
Hieme
Britanni habitavimus.
33
EXERCISE XXI.FIRST CONJUGATION.

CONJUNCTIVE,
PRESENT AND IMPERFECT.
Vocabulary
XXI.
Impero (with dat.), command, order. Humanus,

zwish.
Opto,
Aptus,
Frumentum, corn.
Helvetia, Switzerland.
Serzlius.
Servius,
Rex, regis, a king.
Gallia -ae,
Gau/.
plough.
take care.
Curo,
Paro,
Nato,
Erro,
Orno,
Navigo,
Antiquus,
prepare.
swim.
e?"/".
adorn.
sail.
Asia -ae,
Ars, artis,
ancient.
Britannus
Asia.
art.
Briton.
-i,
a
Aro,
human.
fit.
Latin.
A.1. The
me
in
in
or
Mood
be
ut
or
ut
by
is
In
purpose.
never expresses
purpose
expressed
Latin
with the Conjunctive.
The Verb coming after
(= that, or, in-order-that,)
(= lest,
in-order-that-not) must
the Conjunctive
The Latin Infinitive
general wishes that the soldiers may lay waste
in
to
in 6.
5.
4.
3.
2.
the fields.
The general wished that the soldiers might
lay waste the fields.
The king ordered the soldiers
storm the city.
The general orders that the soldiers may
fight.
renew the
The soldiers ordered that the husband
men should carry corn.
The king wishes that the queen
may dwell
Switzerland
the summer.
3.
4.
in
ne
5.
6.
ut
ut
2.
ut ne
ut
B.1. Rex imperavit

milites pugnam renovarent.
Dux curavit
milites incolarum agros vastarent.
Regina optavit
hieme
Gallia habitaret.
Servius
optavit
antiqui Romani mores mutarent.
Dominus
optat
servi hieme agros arent.
Milites optant
C
hostes urbem expugnent.
34
IMPERATIVE
AND
VERB INFINITIVE.
With Imperatives translate
not by
me.
Fight bravely, soldiers! 2. Let the boys love

4. To
3. Barking dogs will keep the city.
their parents.
err is human. 5. The general, about to adorn his fleet,
commanded that the soldiers should prepare corn. 6. Blame
7. Praise not idle boys.
not the king, soldiers
D.1. Leges servatote, cives. 2. Rex, in Asiam naviga
C.1.
hostes vulneraturi,
ornabit.
3. Romani,
4. Ars natandi pueris utilis est.
fortissime pugnaverunt.
6. Britanni pugnando hostes
5. Equus arando aptus est.
superabunt. 7. Ne pugnate in silvis. 8. Ne vituperanto
patrem.
turus,
classem
EXERCISE XXII.SECOND CONJUGATION.

Vocabulary
Habeo
Arceo
Terreo
Floreo
Exerceo
Coerceo
Pareo
itum,
Cre,
ui,
ui,
Cre,
ui,
itum,
re,
ui,
ui,
ui,
ui,
ui,
ui,
docui,
implevi,
delevi,
risi,
mvi,
momordi,
totondi,
vidi,
Cre,
re,
re,
Ere,
Placeo
Misceo
Cre,
Doceo
re,
Impleo
re,
Deleo
re,
Rideo
Mveo
Mordeo
Tondeo
Video
Cre,
Sdeo
Oro,
XXII.
Cre,
Cre,
re,
re,
re,
Ere,
are,
sdi,
avi,
itum,
itum,
haze.
keep off.
frighten.
flourish.
exercise.
restrain.
(with dat.).
flease (with dat.).
obey
mistum,
doctun,
mix.
teach.
impletum, fill.
deletum,
blot out, destroy.
risum,
/augh.
mtum,
move.
morsum,
bite.
tonsum,
shear.
See.
Visum,
sit.
Sessum,
pray.
oratum,
35
Abor -oris,
Difficilis
tree.
-e,
Adventus -us, arrival.

Vinum,
zwine.
20afer.
Aqua,
difficult.
country.
Patria -ae,
Gaul.
Gallus
Meus,
um, my.
Noster -tra -trum, our.
A,
a, -i,
Poena,
punishment.
ab, (govs. Abl.) from.
Totus, um, zwhole.
The
B.I.
3.
in
5.
of
the king.
The masters have taught the pupils.
general was exercising his soldiers.
Cives hostes ab urbe arcebunt.
2.
6.
gardens
In
4. of
2.
A.1. The boys have useful books.

The soldiers
keep off the enemies
county.
their
The Romans will
frighten the Gauls.
spring flowers will flourish
the
Britanni Gallos
4.
6. in
5.
3.
coercebant.
Adventus hostium nostros milites
terrebit.
Vere flores
hortis nostris florebunt.
Dux
milites suos exercebit.
Romani milites Gallorum terre
bunt.
classe
5.
4.
soldiers.
The Romans destroyed
the camp
of
3.
2.
My brother had
C.1. My sister had black horses.
had
useful horse,
The general will have exercised his
The Gauls will have moved their camp.
the Britons.
4.
6.
5.
3.
2.
D.1. Servus vinum aqu miscet.

Fratres mei paren
Magistri pueros laudaverint.
tibus semper paruerant.
Agricolae vere
Dominus servos pigros poena terruerat.
oppida
oves totonderunt.
Romani Gallorum
deleverunt.
E.-1. The
to
is
is
It
2.
to
to
is
It
very
have than
have had.
good
boys.
taught
boys
teach idle
To have
better
3.
difficult
to
F.1.
6.
in
5.
4.
he
3.
2.
leader takes care that the soldiers may

exercise (their) bodies.
The leader took care that the
might
soldiers
exercise (their) bodies.
The master praises
may teach the children.
the boy that
The enemy
commanded that the soldiers should destroy the city.
The enemy kept off the citizens, that they might not exercise
the soldiers
the plain.
The master was wishing
see
boys.
the
36
5. The
4. Let boys obey their parents.
destroy
the
women weeping prayed the general not to
by
frightened
city.
the
slaves
6. The horse
beautiful
very pleasant.
biting.
G.1. Pueri ridentes magistris non placebunt.
Aves
2.
in arbore sedentes totam silvam cantu impleverunt. 3. Dux

imperato, milites parento. 4. Ars docendi difficilis est.
5.
quam
Magister docendo aptus est. 6. Habere melius est
habuisse.
EXERCISE XXIII.THIRD CONJUGATION.

Vocabulary
XXIII.A.
re,
Vinco
Relinquo re,
Rumpo
re,
consului,
incolui,
texui,
posui,
deserui,
alui,
vici,
reliqui,
rupi,
Ante,
before (govs.
Desero
Alo
&re,
Vestis-is,
consultum,
textum,
20ea?).
positum,
place.
desertum,
altum,
victum,
relictum,
ruptum,
desert.
mourish.
conquer.
leave.
break.
Acc.).
garment.
Vir, viri,
consult.
inhabit.
77?azz.
-i,
Foedus, foederis,
Deus
-i,
Conjux-ugis,
Civis-is,
Mundus
treaty.
God.
husband
citizen.
zworld.
3.
6.
Britons inhabit islands.

garments for their husbands.
The women
used
to
Consuls used
God rules the world.
The lord will rule the slaves.
the Romans.
general will consult the gods before the battle.
2.
A.1.
wife.
5. 4. to
Incolo
Texo
Pono
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
or
Consulo
rule
The
The
weave
37
B.1.
Cives aurum in templo ponunt.

2. Vir benignus
amicos non deserit.
3. Regina pueros aegros alet.
4.
Britanni hostes fortes vincent. 5. Milites nostri urbem
relinquunt.
6. Galli foedus rumpent.
Vocabulary XXIII.B.
Scribo
Contemno
Cingo
Carpo
Gero
Traho
Jungo
Uro
Divido
Mitto
Pingo
Duco
scripsi,
contempsi,
cinxi,
re, carpsi,
scriptum,
contemptum,
cinctum,
carptum,
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
gessi,
gestum,
zwage.
traxi,
tractum,
junctum,
ustum,
divisum,
missum,
pictum,
ductum,
drazw.
re,
re,
re,
junxi,
ussi,
divisi,
misi,
pinxi,
ere,
ere, duxi,
Improbus,
zwicked.
Fossa,
Latus,
Verus,
trench.
broad, wide.
true.
Amicitia,
friendship.
Epistola -ae,
/etter.
Hannibal -alis,
Italia -ae,
Italy.
Hannibal.
zwrite.
despise.
surround.
fluck.
join.
&urn.
divide.
send.
faint.
dead.
Apelles-is,
Apelles.
Alexander-dri, Alexander.
a
Rosa -ae,
Splendidus,
Diana -ae,
Tres, tria,
Pars, partis,
Caesar, -aris,
7ose.
splendid.
APiana.
three.
a part.
Caesar.
C.1. The girls have written a long letter. 2. The

generals despised the gold of the wicked Gauls. 3.
Hannibal had led an immense army into Italy. 4. Caesar
will have surrounded the camp with a wide trench. 5.
Apelles had painted Alexander the Great.
plucked many very beautiful roses.
6.
The boy had
D.1. Romani multa crudelia bella gesserunt.

navem
albam in mare traxerat.
Nauta
pueros
3. Vera amicitia
2.
38
junxit,
templum splendidum Dianae ussit, 5.

Imperator exercitum in tres partes divisit.
6. Pulcherrima
dona mihi misistis.
Dux
4.
Vocabulary XXIII.C.
re,
re,
Cdo
re,
Caedo
Fallo
re,
re,
Parco
re,
Curro
Defendo re,
re,
Gemo
Clamo re,
re,
Pello
re,
Disco
Prodo
Rogo
are,
Vester,
proditum, betray.
casum,
fall.
caesum,
beat,
falsum,
deceive.
spare
kill.
(with dat.).
cursum,
run.
defensum, defend.
gemitum, mourn.
clamatum, cry out.
pulsum,
drive.
/earn.
ask.
atum,
didici,
avi,
(a
-e,
-i,
your.
Coriolanus
celebrated Roman).
disgraceful.
asked your brother

send the book.
betray
mother asked Coriolanus not
his country.
general orders his soldiers
surround the city.
disgraceful
easier than
kill.
deceive.
His
The
To fall
is
to
4.
It to
5.
is
to
to
to
E.1.
3. 2.
Coriolanus
Turpis
prodidi,
cecidi,
cecidi,
fefelli,
peperci,
cucurri,
defendi,
gemui,
clamavi,
pepuli,
pulcherrima victoria est.

patriam defenderent.
Nautae
naves cucurrerunt
gementes
Feminae
clamantes
urbem cucurrerant.
Ars scribendi Germanis antiquis nota fuit.
Artem
pingendi non didici.
5.
in
ut
et
4.
3. 2.
Miseris pepercisse
ad
F.1.
39
EXERCISE XXIV.FOURTH CONJUGATION.

ivi,
ivi,
ire,
ire,
Nutrio,
ire,
Dormio, ire,
Custodio, ire,
Finio,
ire,
Munio,
ire,
Esurio,
ire,
Sitio,
ire,
Lenio,
ire,
Obedio,
ire,
Scio,
ire,
Punio,
ire,
Haurio
Aperio
Vnio
Invnio
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
-ire,
-ire,
-ire,
-ire,
Circumvenio,
-ire,
-ire,
Vincio
JReperio
-ire,
-re,
-re,
-re,
Coquo
Bibo
Firmo
Labor, labor-is,
Dolor, dolor-is,
haustum,
apertum,
ventum,
inventum,
vni,
Ventum,
vinxi,
repperi,
coxi,
bibi,
avi,
work.
pain.
citadel.
foot-soldier.
20hether.
that.
man.
Num,
Ille, illa, illud,
Homo, -inis,
itum,
itum,
itum,
itum,
hausi,
aperui,
vni,
inveni,
pure,
is,
Purus,
Arx, arc-is,
Pedes, pedit
ivi,
ivi,
ivi,
itum,
sepultum,
itum,
itum,
itum,
itum,
itum,
itum,
ignorant.
bury.
be
support.
sleep.
guard.
end.
fortify.
am hungry.
am thirsty.
assuage.
obey
(with dat.)
now.
unish.
draw.
open.
CO7//e.
find.
surround
vinctum,
repertum,
COCtum,
bind.
find.
cook.
bibitum,
atum,
drink.
strengthen.
Janus,
/anus.
Anser-eris,
goose.
Res,
thing.
Magistratus -us, magistrate.
horse-soldier.
Eques -itis,
German.
Germanus,
Ex. from
out
(govs. Abl.).
of
Nescio,
Sepelio,
XXIV.
or
Vocabulary
40
supports men.
2. Many animals sleep
in the winter. 3. Dogs were guarding the troublesome
things.
slaves.
4. Death will end
The soldiers
pains.
were fortifying the camp.
Time assuages
6.
all
5.
all
A.I. Work
Milites urbem
2.
B.1. Pueri parentibus obediebant.

muniunt.
Romani templum Jani
5.
in
6.
4.
3.
aperient.
Diligentes
Anseres arcem Romae custodiebant.
pueros non puniemus.
Romani hostes vincient.
bello
C.1. The
D.1. Alexander Magnus
ad
in
6.
of
5.
of
4. 3.
2.
boys know many things.

The black
slave will guard the white dog.
The girls have drawn
pure water from that fountain.
The general will open
the gates
the city.
The general orders that the
may
bury
soldiers
the bodies
the cruel enemies.
Good citizens will obey the magistrates,
order that the
guard
may
soldiers
the citadel.
6.
5.
ut
4.
ut
3.
2.
ludum vnit.
Miles ad
portas urbis vnit.
Equites hostes coquentes circum
portas aperiant.
venerunt.
Dux imperat civibus
Imperator peditibus imperavit
castra munirent.
reppererunt.
Germani multas res
Boy! obey your

Open the gates, soldiers.
disgraceful
parents.
know nothing.
The
guarding
city,
slept.
citizens (who were)
the
The art
learning
By obeying we learn
not easy.
command.
F.1. Vincite hostem, milites.
to
2.
6.
is
of
5.
4.
to
is
It
3.
2.
E.1.
Mors, vitam finiens,
6.
et
4. In
5.
et
3.
omnes dolores lenit.

urbem veni, nesciens num
patrem meum invenirem.
Multi edunt non esurientes
bibunt non sitientes.
Esuriendo
sitiendo corpus
firmatur.
Romani artem castra muniendi invenerunt.
41
PASSIVE VERBS.
The Agent is the person who does an action, or by whom
an action is done. In an Active sentence the Agent is
expressed by the Nominative; in a Passive sentence the
Agent is expressed by the Ablative with a or ab.
The Agent is a person, the Instrument is a thing.
The Ablative of the Agent takes the Preposition a, ab, the
Ablative of the Instrument is without a Preposition.
EXERCISE XXV.FIRST
CONJUGATION.
Vocabulary XXV.A.
flight.
Nuntio,
(1//720.1//1/62.
Obscuro,
darken.
Libero,
free.
to
Saepe,
Romulus
Remus
if.
Parents
formerly, once.
Populus
Palaestina -ae,
Proelium -ii,
Kill.
Neco,
Macedonia,
Macedonia.
Pastor, -oris,
shepherd.
Si,
Industria,
#ndustry.
Gravis,
heazy.
Israelita,
Israelite.
Arma, armorum, arms.
A.I.
often.
Olim,
Tertius
rout, put
crea/e.
-i,
Creo,
Fugo,
cal/.
battle.
Aomulus.
A'emus.
third.
always.
Carthage.
um,
Semper,
Carthago, -inis,
A,
Morbus,
people.
Aalestine.
a
zwound.
disease.
ab (prep. govs. Abl.), by.
love their children.
Children are
blames the idle
2.
delight.
Appello,
Vulnero,
-i,
Delecto,
Aetas, aetat-is,
age.
Passer, passer-is,
sparrow.
Accipiter, accipitris, hazwk.
Scipio, Scipion-is,
Scipio.
Punicus,
Carthaginian.
Primus,
first.
zictor.
Victor -oris,
a, -i,
Educo,
occupy.
educate.
-i,
Occupo,
5.
6.
3.
The master
loved by their parents.
boy. 4. The idle boy is blamed by the master.
The
The dili
lords will praise the diligence of the slaves.
42
6.
to
8.
by
9.
by
et
3.
6.
5. 4.
et
2.
ab
be
If
7.
be
of 5.
6. of
4.
by
3.
by
2.
5.
4.
3.
2.
all
gence of the slaves will be praised by the lords.

7. The
song of the birds was delighting us. 8. We were being
delighted by the song of the birds.
9. All the masters will
My
praise my brother's industry.
Io.
brother's industry
praised
by
will be
the masters.
Alexander, rex
B.1. Urbs
Caesare expugnatur.
Macedoniae,
Magnus appellabatur.
Victor maximis
laudibus honorabatur.
Hostium gladiis vulnerabimur.
Omnes urbes
militibus expugnabantur.
Romani ab
superabantur.
saepe
Hannibale
armis
Kings
people
C.1. The
once created the kings.
were once created
the people.
Our soldiers routed
enemy.
enemy
the
The
were routed
our soldiers.
victory
The
the Romans was announced
the king
the Gauls.
The soldiers will carry the heavy burdens.
heavy
The
burdens will
carried
the soldiers.
The sun had been darkened
clouds.
Clouds had
fought
darkened the sun.
Io.
the soldiers have
(fut.
perf) bravely, their country will
freed.
D.1. Palaestina
Israelitis post multa proelia occupata
est.
Roma non uno die aedificata est.
Romulus
prim
pastoribus
Remus
aetate
servati
educati erant.
Carthago
Scipione tertio Punico bello expugnata est.
Boni discipuli semper laudati erunt.
Hic passer ab
accipitre necatus est.
Vocabulary XXV.B.
Dubito,
Recupero,
Observo,
Celebro,
Debeo re,
Remi,
amend.
doubt.
Belgae,
the Belgians.
Acerrime,
very keenly.
-us,
Interitus
destruction.
recover.
observe.
Metus -s,
celebrate.
owe, ought.
chastise.
ut
used instead
of
is
Castigo,
Conscientia, conscience.
Rectus,
right.
Cum, with (governs Abl.).
Quin
the Remi.
fear.
Nemo,
nobody.
Pax, pac-is, peace.
Dea,
goddess.
Praemium -ii, reward.
after expressions
of
Emendo,
doubting.

E.
1.
43
Our men fight bravely that their country may be
freed.
2. Caesar came with an army that he might free the
town of the Remi from the Belgae. 3. All good parents
take care that the manners of the children may be amended.
4. Our men were fighting very keenly that the city might be
saved from destruction.
5. I do not doubt that my friend
has been freed from the disease.
6. Nobody doubted that
peace had been recovered.
F. I. Consul
imperavit ut classis ornaretur. 2. Cura,

ut in omni re conscientia recta servetur.
3. Bonus civis
curat ut leges a se observentur. 4. Discipulus piger in
metu est, ne a magistris castigetur.
5. Nemo dubitat quin
pueri a magistris laudati sint. 6. Pater non dubitabat quin
puer malus a magistris castigatus esset.
G. I. Parentes
a liberis omni tempore amari debent.

Magistri
pueris
2.
a
honorantor.
3. Victoria exercitus
nostri celebrator. 4. Mores vestri mutandi sunt. 5. Templum
deae renovandum est. 6. Vituperandi et castigandi sunt
pigri discipuli, laudandi et praemiis ornandi diligentes.
EXERCISE XXVI.SECOND CONJUGATION.

Vocabulary
Augeo,
Timeo,
re,
re,
Lateo,
re,
Fveo,
re,
Suadeo, re,
Fleo,
Jubeo,
Reddo,
re,
Roma -ae,
Aeome.
auctum,
auxi,
timui,
latui,
fvi,
fotum,
increase.
feam.
/ie /iid.
cheris/;.
suasi,
suasum,
persuade.
flevi,
jussi,
reddidi,
re,
Civitas, civitat -is, state.
re,
XXVI.
-_-
fletum,
zweep.
jussum,
command.
redditum, restore.
44
Vocabulary XXVI.continued.
sixth.
Paene,
almost.
Altus,
high.
almost.
zwild.
letters.
Ferus,
Sub, prep.(with abl.) under.
Litterae arum,
Nullus,
Timor -oris,
Ignis -is,
Ala -ae,
Zwing.
Themistocles -is, Zhemistocles.
face.
-i,
faith.
A.-1. The
fear.
-i,
Augustus
Post, prep (with
hundredth.
|
fortieth.
Warus.
Varus
Terror -oris,
slaughter.
(Adj.).
fear.
fire.
-i,
Lacrima-ae,
Clades, clad-is,
Centesimus,
Quadragesimus,
chicken.
hen.
acc.)
terror.
Augustus.
after.
all
Fides -ei,
Pullus
Gallina -ae,
Fere (Adv.),
no
Sextus,
Facies -ei,
by
in
of
of
is
9.
is in
8. 7.
by
6. 5.
of
4.
3.
by
destroys
2.
the cities.
All the
destroyed
enemy.
cities are
the
The Romans were
moving the camp.
The camp was being moved by the
Romans.
Caesar will increase the number
the
generals.
The number
the generals will be increased
Caesar.
The shepherds were shearing the sheep
the spring.
The sheep were being shorn
the shepherds
spring.
the
The wine
mixed with water.
Io. He
enemy
country.
called the
his
enemy
B.1.
Milites ante pugnam
3.
lacrimis
6.
et
5.
4.
meis
a 2.
armis exercebantur.
paene delebantur.
Hostes
nostris videntur.
Milites Romani ab omnibus populis
timebantur.
Arces altae hostium
Gallis delebuntur.
Pueri artibus
litteris exercentur.
Epistolae
in
7.
The arrival
of
the Gauls.
9.
the arrival
of
increased
by 8.
6.
5.
3.
4.
2.
of
of
Rome were frightened by the

arrival
the enemy.
The enemy were seen
the city.
Many
destroyed
many
enemy
The
cities.
cities were
destroyed by the enemy.
No dangers had moved
Caesar.
Caesar had been moved by no dangers.
The arrival of the Gauls will have increased the fear of the
Romans.
The fear of the Romans will have been
C.1. The inhabitants
45
the Gauls had frightened the Romans.

1o. The Romans
had been frightened by the arrival of the Gauls.
D. 1.
Milites pugnare jussi sunt.
Carthago anno
centesimo quadragesimo sexto ante Christum deleta est.
3. Vinum aqu mixtum erat. 4. Civitas diligenti et fide
civium aucta erit. 5. Omnes fere bestiae ferae igne terrentur
6. Pulli a gallinis sub alis foventur.
E.1. It is better to be loved than to be feared. 2. The
2.
father wishes that his children may be exercised in arms.

3. The general took care that the city should not be
destroyed by his soldiers. 4. The citizens lay hid in the
woods that they might not be seen by the enemy.
5. Let
camp
the
be moved.
6. Let the corn be increased !
F.1.
Dux curat ne urbs ab hostibus
deleatur.
2.
Themistocles suasit civibus, ut classis augeretur. 3. Omnes

milites armis exercentor. 4. Hostes territi fugati sunt. 5.
Pueri ab improbis hominibus arceri debent. 6. Post Vari
cladem Roma terrore impleta erat et flens Augustus
clamabat; Vare, redde mihi legiones.
EXERCISE XXVII.THIRD CONJUGATION.

[With
Exercises, do also those on

Conjugation Active, page 36.]
Vocabulary XXVII.
these
Lgo
Claudo
Metuo
Emo
Fundo
Diligo
Colo
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
re,
i, -e,
Cupiditas
Imperator -oris,
Cicero -onis,
Inutilis
Animus-
the
lgi,
clausi,
metui,
lectum,
clausum,
mi,
emptum, uy.
fusum,
pour.
dilectum, loze.
cultum,
cherish.
fdi,
dilexi,
colui,
cupiditat-is,
a general.
Cicero.
tuseless.
mind.
read.
shut, close.
fear.
desire.
Third
46
A.1. The world is ruled by God.
2. The Romans
used to be ruled by consuls.
3. The slaves will be ruled
by the lord. 4. Before the battle the gods will be consulted
by the general.
5. The islands are inhabited by the Britons.
6. Garments used to be woven for their husbands by the
WOmen.
B.1. Aurum in templo a civibus ponitur. 2. A viro

benigno amici non deserentur.
3. Pueri aegri a regina
alentur. 4. Hostes fortes a Britannis vincentur.
5. Urbes
relinquuntur.
a militibus
nostris
6. Foedus a Gallis
rumpetur.
C.1. A long letter has been written by the girls.
2. The gold of the wicked Gauls was despised by the
generals.
3. An immense army had been led into Italy by
Hannibal. 4. The camp will have been surrounded with a
wide trench by Caesar. 5. Alexander the Great had been
painted by Apelles.
6. Many very beautiful roses had
been plucked by the boy.
D.1. A Romanis multa et crudelia bella gesta sunt.

2. Navis alba in mare anaut tracta erat.
3. Pueri amiciti
ver juncti sunt.
4. Templum splendidum Dianae a duce
ustum est. 5. Exercitus in tres partes ab imperatore
divisus est.
6. Pulcherrima dona mihi a vobis missa sunt.
read by all pupils.

2. It is sad to be deceived by friends.
3. The citizens
city
might
gates
closed the
that the
not be betrayed to the
enemy.
4. The citizens (who were) sent to the Gauls
E.1. The books of Cicero must be
were led into the Senate.

loved (est with Gerundive).
are useless.
God must be feared and

Many
6.
wars (which are) waged
5.
metui jucundum est. 2. Patria

a civibus fortiter defenditor.
3. Parentes diligi et coli a
liberis optant. 4. Servi empti gemebant. 5. Mors con
temnenda est. 6. Cupiditates regendae sunt animo.
F.1.
Ab improbis
47
EXERCISE XXVIII.FOURTH CONJUGATION.

XXVIII.
Vocabulary
train.
Aristoteles-is,
clothe.
Vallum,
Caedes-is,
Pauper -is,
Africanus
Orator -is,
rampart.
murder.
orator.
Tullius,
Tullius.
Sextus,
Sextus.
Pasco, -re,
pavi,
Aristotle.
poor.
-i,
Ursus
-i,
Erudio,
Vestio,
Mox,
Vita,
bear.
Africanus.
SOO/1.
life.
pastum,
feed.
masters train the boys.

The boys are
by
trained
the masters.
The cities were being fortified
by
trench and rampart.
The masters will punish
boys.
boys
wicked
Wicked
will be punished
the
masters.
The slaves were binding the wild beasts.
The beasts were being bound by the slaves.
The
soldiers have guarded the camp.
The camp has been
guarded by the soldiers.
10. The general found the
soldiers.
11. The soldiers were found by the general.
12. The life
Servius Tullius, (who was) the sixth King
Rome, was ended by murder.
by
8.
B.1.
In Germania ursi non inveniuntur.
2.
of
of
9.
7.
6.
5.
4.
3.
2.
A.1. The
Nos
a
a 3.
be
6.
5.
4.
et
omnes
Deo nutrimur
vestimur.
Arx custoditur
Scipione
civibus.
Bellum Punicum Secundum
Africano
Magnus
Aristotele,
finitum est.
Alexander
eruditus estab
viro sapientissimo.
Hoc bellum mox finitum erit.
It
3.
byin 4.
2.
be
be
6.
5.
of
to
of
is
It
to
punished.
not pleasant
The general
city
opened.
ordered that the gates
the
should
The
king ordered the citizens not
clothe the soldier.
was
law
the Romans: let nobody be buried
the
city.
being
The robbers
surrounded were slain
the
citizens.
The poor must
clothed.
C.1.
48
D.1. Improbi puniuntor ! 2. Galli a militibus vincie

bantur. 3. Pueri puniti flebant. 4. Hostes, vincti, in
castra ducebantur.
5. Boni oratores audiendi sunt.
6.
Castra munienda sunt.
EXERCISE XXIX.THE RELATIVE.

Vocabulary XXIX.
Albanus
an Alban.
-i,
AWuma.
Marcus.
precept.
happy.
holy.
conditum,
found.
electum,
choose.
elgi,
gubernavi, gubernatum, govern.
fieri, factus sum,
am made,
datum,
dare, dedi,
gize.
condidi,
Number,
antecedent
the Relative depends
its
The Relative agrees with

Gender, and Person; the Case
upon
own clause.
become.
in
re,
re,
re,
its
Guberno
FiO
DO
Praeceptum
Beatus,
Sanctus,
wealthy.
magnificent.
of
Condo
Eligo
-i,
Opulentus,
Magnificus,
Marcus
glory.
Gloria -ae,
Imperium -ii, command.
just.
Justus,
a
rock.
-i,
Rupes -is,
Numa ae,
A.1. Caesar, who loved his soldiers, waged many wars.
he
9.
8.
7.
6.
to
4. 3. 2.
Caesar, whom his soldiers loved, waged many wars.

Caesar, whose soldiers were brave, waged many wars.
Caesar,
whom the soldiers were pleasing, waged
many wars. .5. Caesar, by whom the soldiers were ruled,
waged many wars.
The kings, who slew the citizens,
were driven from the city.
The kings, whom the citizens
slew, were driven from the city.
The kings, whose
citizens were slain, were driven from the city.
The kings,
whom the citizens did not obey, were driven from the city.
10. The kings, by whom the citizens were slain, were driven
city, which
from the city.
11. Romulus founded
called
49
Rome.
12. The king chose wise men, by whose advice he
waged war.
13. Numa, who waged no war, was made king.
14. Tullus conquered the Albans, who were brave enemies.
15. We shall praise those who have preserved their country.
16.
saw the horse which your father gave you.
17. This
city,
enemy
is the
which the
laid waste.
18. The town,
which you have stormed, was wealthy.
19. The boy, whose
is
by
to
is
a
of
to
its
diligence the master praised, was the son of a sailor. 20.

The enemy have laid waste all those towns which you saw.
nest,
21. The rock, on (in) which the eagle is making
very high. 22. The temples, which the soldiers destroyed,
were magnificent. 23. Marcus,
whom owe many things,
friend
Caesar's.
24. This city, whose glory was
all, was destroyed
known
the Gauls.
B.1. Rex, qui urbem gubernat, cives amare
vita virtutis praeceptis regitur.

geritur, agros nostros vastant.
6.
ii,
5.
4.
3. 2.
debet.
parent,
cujus
imperium
justum
regi
Omnes cives
est.
Regem cui leges sunt sanctae, cives amant.
Felix
quorum
est rex quem omnes cives amant.
Beati sunt
Hostes, quibuscum bellum
EXERCISE XXX.THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE.

A
Deponent Verb
meaning.
Active
in
is
is
In
of
is
In in
one which
Passive
form but
Deponent
The word
means laying
Participle
Active, but
aside.
Latin there
no Perfect
Deponents have the Participles
both voices, and they
also have Gerunds and Supines like active Verbs.
byis
If,
or
by
is
Latin there
no Perfect Participle Active, and the
English Perfect Participle Active
translated into Latin
quum with the Con
either
the Ablative Absolute
junctive Pluperfect.
be
by
however, the English Perfect Participle Active can

Deponent Verb, the Perfect
translated into Latin
D
50
Participle of the Deponent may be used, because, although

the form is Passive, the meaning is Active.
The Ablative Absolute usually consists of a Noun with a

Participle in agreement, but sometimes another Noun or
Adjective is substituted for the Participle.
(a) Caesar stormed the city and marched into Britain.
having
Britain.
stormed the city, marched
Caesar, the city having been stormed, marched
Britain.
(d) Caesar, when

is,
Britain,
he
(c)
(b) Caesar,
into
into
had stormed the city, marched into
so
In
it
to
in
of as
Caesar, urbe expugnat,
in
or
be
to
is
It
rule, undesirable
Latin
use (a) because
consists
two Finite Verbs connected by and.
Latin
Participle
Active,
there
no Perfect
and
(b) cannot be
Deponent.
used unless the Verb happens
We may
Absolute,
quum
use either (c) the Ablative
(d)
with the
Conjunctive Pluperfect, thus:
Caesar, quum
contendit.
expugnavisset,
Vocabulary
ire,
Redeo
Accipio
Contendo
Ejicio
Dimico
Hortor
Pugnam
Naves
XXX.
reditum,
/e/u?/?.
re,
accepi,
acceptum,
receive.
contendi,
re,
contensum, hasten.
ejeci,
cast out.
re,
ejectum,
dimicavi,
are,
dimicatum, fight.
ri,
exhort.
hortatus sum,
nasci, natus sum,
be born.
a
Nuntius
Britanniam
redii,
-i
Nascor
in
urbem
Britanniam contendit.
committere,
conscendere,
messenger.
join battle.
embark.
5I
Occasio -onis,
-i,
Vocabulary XXX.continued.
opportunity.
Feliciter (Adv.),
Vivus,
Herodes -is,
Divinus um,
Christus
Christ.
Aeneas -ae,
Aeneas.
Darius.
Darius,
Euphrates -is, Euphrates.
successfully.
a/ize.
Aerod.
divine.
of
2.
to
A.1. Caesar, having conquered the Gauls, returned

Italy.
Darius, having received the messenger
4.
5.
6.
B.-1.
Romulus, having
Aeneas, having
Tarquinius having
Fabius found an
3.
to
Alexander, hastened
the Euphrates.
founded the city, waged many wars.
city.
come into Italy, founded
out,
been cast
consuls were created.
opportunity and fought successfully.
6.
5.
4.
2.
3.
in
Romani, Carthagine capt,

Italiam redierunt
Caesar, hortatus milites, pugnam commisit.
Hannibale
vivo, Romani tuti non videbantur.
Legibus divinis
observatis, vita nostra beata erit.
Herode rege, Christus
natus est.
Britannis victis, dux milites naves conscendere
JusSlt.
EXERCISE XXXI.THE ACCUSATIVE AND
INFINITIVE.
Direct StatementGod
rules the world.

is
It
Indirect Statement(a) We see that God rules the world.

(b)
certain that God rules the
In
world.
is
the Object after we

expressed
the
by
is
certain,
is
to
as
the Subject
Accusative and Infinitive.
as
Latin, the Noun-sentence used
See, and
is
is
In
it
is.
In
of
(a) that God rules the world

the object
the
Verb see.
(b) that God rules the world
the subject
of the verb
In this sentence the word
re
dundant.
52
the Conjunction that is omitted, the Nominative

(God) becomes the Accusative, and the Indicative (rules)
becomes the Infinitive of the same tense.
In Latin
RULE.The Accusative and Infinitive is used with Verbs

sentiendi et declarandi (of feeling and declaring), and with
impersona/ expressions, such as
it is well known.
it
is plain,
it
is certain,
ACTIVE VOICE.
Deus mundum regit.
Videmus Deum mundum regere.
Deus mundum regebat.
Vidimus Deum mundum regere.
mundum reget.
Videmus Deum mundum recturum esse.
IDeus
Deus mundum rexit.

Videmus Deum mundum rexisse.
Deus mundum rexerat.
Vidimus Deum mundum rexisse.
PASSIVE VOICE.
Mundus a Deo regitur.

Videmus mundum a Deo regi.
Mundus a Deo regebatur
Vidimus mundum
Deo regi.
Mundus a Deo regetur.
Videmus mundum a Deo rectum iri.*

is
''
is
to
is
is
a ''
of
"
'' iri
impersonal, and that

* Note that the ''
here
mundum
the
going
the supine
rectum."'' We see that there
rule the
world by God." But this construction with the Infinitive Future Passive
not much used.
object
53
Mundus a Deo rectus est.

Videmus mundum a Deo rectum esse.
Mundus a Deo rectus erat.
Vidimus mundum a Deo rectum esse.
Vocabulary
Certus,
XXXI.
Constat,
Puto, re,
certain.
Conjuratio -onis, conspiracy.
it is agreed.
think.
A.1. The boy loves his father.

2. We know that the
boy loves his father.
3. The master has advised the boys.
4. It is certain that the master has advised the boys.

5. The general will rule the soldiers.
6. We hear that the
general will rule the soldiers.
7. Caesar has fortified the
town.
8. The soldier announces that Caesar has fortified
the town. 9. The general will conquer the enemy.
Io. We
general
conquer
enemy.
see that the
will
the
I 1. The
soldiers will be conquered by the enemy.
12. We see that
the soldiers will be conquered by the enemy.
B.1. Frater tuus pingit.
Scio fratrem tuum pingere.

4. Audimus hostes castra
2.
Hostes castra muniunt.

munire. 5. Milites nostriacerrime pugnaverunt. 6. Certum
est milites nostros acerrime pugnavisse.
7. Cicero conjura
tionem detexit.
8.
Constat Ciceronem conjurationem
Conjuratio a Cicerone detecta est.
detexisse.
9.
10.
conjurationem
Constat
a Cicerone detectam esse.
I 1. Pater
epistolam scripsit.
patrem
epistolam
scripsisse.
12. Puto
3.
INDEX TO LATIN WORDS

The Numbers
refer to the Vocabularies, to which pupils should
always refer.
A
a, ab, 22
accipio, 30
accipiter, 25a
acer, 17
acerrime, 25b
acus, 17
adventus, 22
aedifico, 20
aeger, Io
Aeneas, 30
aestas, 14
aetas, 25a
Africanus,
28
from
recetzle
hazv
Aeen
very keenly
needle
arriva/
Abuild
sick
Aeneas
s?/777/776/*
age
Africanus
ager, 20
agger,
field
agricola, 2
farmer
wing
An A/ban
II
ala, 26
Albanus, 29
mound
albus, 14
zwhite
altus, 26
amant, 2
amat, 2
/ove
Alexander, 23b
alo, 231
amicitia, 23b
amicus, 6
amo, 20
animal,
12
animus, 27
anser, 24
ante, 23a
antiquus, 2I
Apelles, 23b
Alexander
nourish
high
aperio, 24
appello, 25a
open
cal/
fit
aptus, 21
aqua, 22
zoafer
eagle
tree
aquila, 20
arbor, 22
arceo, 22
arcus, 17
Keep
50w
argentum, 8
Aristoteles, 28
arma, 25a
arO,
arS,
2I
2I
silver
Aristotle
a /*p/2.5.
plough
art
citadel
arx, 24
Asia, 21
asper,
off
Asia
Io
auctumnus,
audax, 6
14
rough
Azutumn
augeo, 26
Bold
increase
aurum, 8
avis, 20
avus, 6
grandfather
Augustus, 26
auriga, 3
Augustus
charioteer
loves
friendship
friend
love
animal
mind
goose
before
ancient
Apelles
beatus, 29
Belgae, 25b
bellum, 8
benignus, 20
bestia, 2
bibo, 24
brevis, 15
Britannus,
21
blessed, happy
Belgians
77
ind
Beast
drink
short
Briton
56
caedes, 28
caedo, 23c
slaughter
Caesar, 23b
calcar, 12
campus, 6
canis, 20
cantus, 17
captivus, Io
caput, 12
Carthago, 25a
carpo, 23b
carrus, 9
Casa, I
castigo, 25b
castra, 9
celebro, 25b
celer, 15
centesimus, 26
certus, 31
cervus, 19
Christus, 30
cibus, 9
Cicero, 27
cingo, 23b
circumvenio, 24
civis, 23a
civitas, 26
clades, 26
clamo, 23c
classis,
II
Caesar
spur
field
colo, 27
color, II
30
condo, 29
conjux, 23a
conjuratio, 31
custodio, 24
swift
hundredth
certain
stag
Christ
food
Cicero
surround
surround
citizen
state
slaughter
join (battle)
found
husband or wife
conspiracy
plan, advice
it is agreed
consul
consult
31
cursus,
17
cart
cottage
chas/ise
camp
celebrate
consilium, 9
consul, 12
consulo, 23a
constantia, 4
contemno, 23b
contendo, 30
coquo, 24
2I
Carthage
pluck
embar
conscience
constat,
crudelis, 15
culter, 7
cum, 25b
cupiditas, 27
Curo,
constancy
despise
hasten
cook
crozon
body
create
13
currit, I
curro, 23C
currunt, I
conscendere,
30
conscientia, 25b
corpus,
creo, 25a
dog
song
captive
head
fleet
shut
restrain
cherish
colour
coerceo, 22
committere,
Ai//
shout
claudo, 27
COrona,
fall
cado, 23c
Coriolanus
Coriolanus, 23c
cruel
nife
zoith
desire
take care
**
*zz
7taza
running
guard
D
dant, 3
Darius, 30
dat, 3
dea, 25b
debeo, 25b
defendit, 8
defendo, 23c
defendunt, 8
delecto, 25a
deleo, 22
dens, 11
desero, 23a
Deus, 23a
Diana, 23b
difficilis, 22
diligens, 16
diligentia, 2
diligo, 27
dimico, 30
discipulus, 20
disco, 23c
diu, 20
divido, 23b
divinus, 30
do, 29
docent, 7
doceo, 22
docet, 7
dolor, 24
donum, 8
dormio, 24
dubito, 25b
duco, 23b
dulcis, 15
dux, 20
give
Darius
gives
goddess
owe, ought
d/eends
defend
defend
delight
destroy
footh
desert
God
Liana
difficult
diligent
diligence
love
fight
disciple
learn
/or a long time
divide
divine
give
teach
Zeach
teaches
Pain
gift
sleep
doubt
lead
570eef
leader
E
educo, 25a
effigies, 18
ejicio, 30
eligo, 22
emendo, 25b
emo, 27
epistola, 23b
flumen,
fons, 11
fortis, 15
fortiter, 20
educate
statue
cast out
choose
improve
buy
letter
/horse-soldier
eques, 24
equitatus, 17
equus, 6
erant, 6
erat, 6
erro, 21
erudio, 28
est, 6
esurio, 24
et, 6
Euphrates, 30
exerceo, 22
exercitus, 17
expugno, 20
cavalry
/horse
70ere
2gs
zwander,
fossa, 23b
foveo, 26
frater, 20
frumentum, 21
fugo, 25a
fulgur, 12
fundo, 27
II
fere, 26
ferrum, 19
ferox, 16
ferus, 26
fidelis, 15
fides, 26
filia, 2
filius, 9
finio, 24
fio, 29
firmo, 24
firmus, 9
fleo, 26
floreo, 24
flos,
II
strong, brave
bravely
ditch
cherish
brother
Coz"/2
to flight
lightning
put
pour
err
is
to be hungry
and
Euphrates
exercise
army
storm
II
river
treaty
fountain
instruct, train
Gallia, 21
gallina, 26
Gallus, 22
gemo, 23c
gener, 7
Germanus, 24
gero, 23b
glacies,
faber, 7
facies, 26
facilis, 15
facit,
faciunt,
fallo, 23c
feliciter, 30
felix, 16
femina, 2
19
foedus, 23a
57
zworkman
countenance, face
easy
makes
make
deceive
successfully
fortunate
200%azz
almost
iron
fierce
zwild
faithful
faith
daughter
So??
finish
6e, become
strengthen
firm
weep
flourish
flower
18
Gaul
/hen
Gazul
772.02/7/?
son-in-law
a German
wage (war)
Zae
sword
gladius, 19
gloria, 29
gramen, 12
gratus, Io
gravis, 25a
grex, I4
guberno, 29
flock
govern
habent, I
habeo, 22
habet, I
have
has
hasta, 4
spear
habito, 20
Hannibal, 23b
haurio, 24
Helvetia, 21
Herodes, 30
hiems, 14
homo, 24
honoro, 2O
hortor, 30
hortus, 6
hostis, 20
humanus, 2I
glory
grass
pleasing
heavy
/have
dwell
Aanniha/
draw
Switzerland
Herod
Zwinter
272&Z2
/honour
exhort
garden
enemy
human
58
I
ignis, 26
ille, 24
impar, 16
imperator, 27
imperium, 29
impero, 21
impetus, 17
impleo, 22
improbus, 23b
incola, 2
incolo, 23a
industria, 25a
ingens,
lex,
fire
that
wnequal
general
empire
command
ziolence
inhabitan/
inhabit
industry
immense
renowned
island
destruction
zaseless
find
Asraelite
Italy
latus (adj.), 23b

latus (n.), 13
latro, 20
laudant, 2
laudat, 2
laudo, 20
laus, 11
legatus, Io
legio, 11
lego, 27
lenio, 24
leo, 11
lepus, 12
Macedonia, 25a
magistratus, 24
magnificus, 29
magnitudo, 11
magnus, 9
malus, 9
manus, 17
Marcus, 29
mare, 13
mater, 20
metuo, 27
metus, 25b
meus, 22
Janus
youn
miser, Io
mitto, 23b
command
Pleasant
just
L
lateo, 26
miles, 19
minister, 7
labor, 24
lac, 12
lacrima, 26
children
set free
letter
long
game
up
zoicked
J
Janus, 24
jubeo, 26
jucundus, 13
jungo, 23b
justus, 29
law
5ook
fill
16
insignis, 15
insula, I
interitus, 25b
inutilis, 27
invenio, 24
Israelita, 25a
Italia, 23b
II
liber, 7
liberi, 7
libero, 25a
littera, 26
longus, 13
ludus, Io
labour
mi/A
a fear
/ie hid
zwide
side
Bark
praise
praises
praise
praise
misceo, 22
molestus,
II
mors,
mos, 20
inotus,
17
moveo, 22
mox, 28
multus, Io
mundus, 23a
munio, 24
mus, 12
muto, 20
assuage
/ion
/hare
st 3e
great
zwicked,
hand
nascor, 30
nato, 21
nauta, I
navigo, 21
bad
Marcus
seat
mother
fear
fear
7/?!y.
soldier
servant
mix
zwretched
send
troublesome
mountain
disease
Bite
death
manner
motion
77707/e
soo/*
much, many
zworld
fortify
7/70//se
change
ambassador
legion
read
Io
mons, 11
morbus, 25a
mordeo, 22
Macedonia
magistrate
magnificent
be
born
swim
sailor
sai/
to

navis, 17
neco, 25a
memo, 25b
nescio, 24
nidifico, 20
niger, Io
nihil,
19
non, 24
noster, 22
notus, 13
nox, 19
noxius, Io
nubes,
ship
Ai//
nobody
be
ignorant
build
a nest
b/ack
nothing
zzot
oza/"
known
night
hurtful
II
nullus, 26
num, 24
Numa, 29
numerus, Io
nuntio, 25a
nuntius, 30
nutrio, 24
c/ot/d
zo, none
7thether
Azama
number
&zz720//zzare
messenger
nourish, support
parco, 23c
parens, 20
pareo, 22
paro, 21
pars, 23b
parvus, 9
pasco, 28
obedio, 24
obscuro, 25a
observo, 25b
occasio, 30
occidit, 17
occidunt, 17
Occupo, 25a
Oculus, Io
olim, 25a
omnis, 15
onus, 13
oppidum, 8
opto, 21
opulentus, 29
opus, 12
orator, 28
ornant, 4
ornat, 4
orno, 21
obey
darken
observe
opportunity
Ai//s
Ai//
seize
eye
formerly
a//
weight
town
70ish
wealthy
7007%
ora/op
adorn
adorns
adorn
pray
mouth
Oro, 22
os (oris),
11
Os (ossis), 11
Bone
19
sheep
ovis,
P
paene, 26
Palaestina, 25a
almost
Aalestine
spare
parent
obey
prepare
part
small
passer, 25a
feed
sparrow
pastor, 25a
pater, 20
patria, 22
patronus, 6
father
paucus,
few
14
pauper, 28
pax, 25b
pecunia, 3
pecus, 12
pedes, 24
pello, 23c
18
Persa, 3
piger, 20
pilum, 9
pingo, 23b
place0, 22
planities, 18
poema, 12
poena, 22
poeta, 24
pono, 23a
II
shepherd
native land
protector
poor
peace
money
Beast
foot-soldier
periculum, 8
pernicies,
59
pons,
populus, 25a
porta, 4
porto, 20
portus, 17
post, 26
potens, 16
praeceptum, 29
praeda, 3
praemium, 25b
praesidium, 8
primus, 25a
prodo, 23c
proelium, 25a
prudens, 16
puella, I
pugna, 3
pugnant, 17
pugnat, 17
pugno, 20
pulcher, Io
drive
danger
destruction
Aersian
idle
javelin
paint
please
plain
poem
punishment
poet
place
bridge
Aeople
gate
carry
harbour
after
powerful
precept
booty
z'ezvard
fights
fight
beautiful

Carthaginian
punish
pure
think
Q
quadragesimus, 26 fortieth
rogO, 23C
rosa, 23b
rumpo, 23a
Romulus, 25a
rupes, 29
wood
rapacious
right
socer,
sol, 12
7"ecove?"
SOrOr, 2O
7"esfores
spes,
fo resfore
zas/ore
7"eturn
splendidus, 23b
Queen
/eave
The Remi
s?tz
18
sister
hope
suadeo, 26
sub, 26
sunt,
supero, 20
Tarquinius,
king
templum,
telum,
Aome
A'oman
ask
*ose
Areak
Aom?//us
tempestas,
tempus, 13
tener, Io
terrent,
terreo, 22
terret,
terror, 26
Tertius, 25a
texo, 23a
7"ock
taurus,
30
thing
laugh
timeo, 26
scutum, 8
sedeo, 22
czz"/"OZo
salt
holy
zwise
now
Scipio
zorite
shield
sit
timidus,
timor, 26
tondeo, 22
totus, 22
traho, 23b
trames,
tres, 23b
tristis,
Tullius,
II
15
scribo, 23b
often
28
turpis, 23e
Tarquinius
bu//
temple
dart
Themistocles, 26
saepe, 25a
Sagitta, 3
sal, 12
Sanctus, 29
sapiens, 16
scio, 24
Scipio, 25a
persuade
tunder
7"enez
republic
splendid
are
ot, conte
A'em us
find
thirsty
father-in-law
11
res, 24
respublica, 26
rex, 21
rideo, 22
Roma, 26
Romanus, 20
standard-bearer
regina, I
relinquo, 23a
Remi, 25b
Remus, 25a
renovo, 20
reperio, 24
25a
signifer,
silva,
sitio, 24
redeo, 30
sixth
Sextus
rectus, 25b
recupero, 25b
reddit, 3
reddo, 26
reddunt, 3
Keep, save
slave
16
ServO, 2O
servus, 6
Sextus, 26
Sextus, 28
rapax,
bury
Servius
21
senate
sease
be
17
Servius,
slothfulness
always
quercus,
oak
segnities, 18
semper, 25a
senatus, 17
sensus, 17
sepelio, 24
chicken
pullus, 26
Punicus, 25a
punlo, 24
purus, 24
puto, 31
si,
6o
tempest
time
tender
/righten
frighten
frightens
fear
Tertius
7./eave
Themistocles
fear
timid
fear
shear
all
draw
path
three
sad
Tullius
disgraceful
U
umbra, 2
urbs, 20
uro, 23b
ursus, 28
utilis, 15
ut, 28
shade
city
&urn
a bear
useful
in order that
V
vacca, 19
vallum, 28
Varus, 26
Cozd
velox, 19
venio, 24
ver, 14
verus, 23b
swift
Vasto, 20
vester, 23c
rampart
l/arus
lay waste
CO//te
spring
true
your
vestio, 28
vestis, 23a
victor, 25a
victoria, 3
vident, Io
video, 22
videt, 1o
vincio, 24
vinco, 23a
vinum, 22
vir, 23a
virgo, II
virtus, 12
vita, 28
vitupero, 20
vivus, 30
VOCO, 20
volo, 20
vulnerant, 4
vulnerat, 4
vulnero, 25a
vulnus, 13
61
clothe
garment
victor
victory
See
See
sees
5ind
conquer
wine
aza
maiden
valour
life
&lame
alive
call
fly
zwound
wounds
zvound
a wound
INDEX TO ENGLISH WORDS

The Numbers
refer to the Vocabularies, to which pupils should
always refer.
constal
Alexander
and,
animal, 12
announce, 25a
Apelles, 23b
et
15
Alexander, 23b
alive, 30
all,
almost, 26
always, 25a
ambassador, 10
am hungry, 24
am made, 29
am thirsty, 24
are,
ancient, 21
Aristotle, 28
arms, 25a.
army, 17
arrival, 22
arrow,
art, 2I
Asia, 21
ask, 23c
assuage, 24
Augustus, 26
autumn,
14
vivus
omns
Paene
semper
Megatus
esurio
fio
silio
antiquus
animal
nun/io
Apelles
sunt
Aristoleles
ar///al
exercitus
adventus
sagitta
aft's
Asia
rogo
/enio
Augustus
auctumn us
3,
2,
bear, 28
beast,
12
beat, 23c
Io
beautiful,
be born, 30
become, 29
before, 23a
be ignorant, 24
Belgians, 25b
betray, 23c
bind, 24
bird, 20
bite, 22
black, Io
blame, 20
blot out, 22
body,
bold,
bone,
book,
booty,
bow,
bravely, 20
break, 23a
bridge,
Briton, 21
broad, 23b
brother, 20
build, 20
nest, 20
build
bull,
6
17 3 7 11
13
aetas
bark, 20
battle,
25a
11
is),
Africanus
31
(it
age, 25a
agreed
o/*//o
orna/
consillum
Aeneas
6 a
adorn, 4, 21
adorns, 4
advice, 9
Aeneas, 30
Africanus, 28
Aatro
Pugna, proelium
*//"y//J
destia, pecus
caedo
Pulcher
//asco,
an/e
mescio
Belgae
prodo
vincio
avis
mordeo
niger
vitupero
deleo
corpus
audax
0.5
/iber
praeda
cl/Cza.)
fortiter
rumpo
Pons
Britannus
/atus
frater
aedifico
midifico
taurus

burden, 13
burn, 23b
bury, 24
buy, 27
by, 25a
O/2 & 5
Zazo
sepelio
e/72d
a, ab
patria
country, 22
cow, 19
7'azz &
Creo
create, 25a
crown, I
cruel, 15
cry out, 23c
Corozacz.
crudelis
clamo
C
Caesar, 23b
Call,
20, 25a
camp, 9
captive, Io
carry, 20
cart, 9
Carthage, 25a
Carthaginian, 25a
cast Out, 30
cavalry, 17
celebrate,
25b
certain, 31
change, 20
charioteer, 3
chastise, 25b
chicken, 26
children, 7
cherish, 26, 27
II
come, 24
26
conquer, 23a
conscience,
25b
conspiracy, 31
constancy, 4
consul, 12
consult, 23c
cook, 24
Coriolanus, 230
COrn,
2I
cottage, I
counsel, 9
Carthago
Punicus
efficio
equitatus
celebro
certus
auriga
castigo
pullus
/iberi
foveo, colo
eligo
Christus
Cicero
a/a:
civis
'
command
command (v
Cazz"/"tas
mulo
choose, 29
Christ, 30
Cicero, 27
citadel, 24
citizen, 23a
city, 20
cloud,
clothe, 28
colour, 11
Caesar
voco, appello
castra
captivus
porto
zerbs
nubes
vestio
color
ven io
29 imperium
2I,
impero, jubeo
vinco
conscientia
conjuratio
constantia
consul
consulo
coquo
Coriolanzas
frumentum
Col.SCL
consilium
63
D
danger, 8
Darius, 30
darken, 25a
dart, 8
daughter, 2
death, 11
Periculum
Parius
obscuro
te/um
/ilia
*tory
deceive, 23c
defend, 8, 23c
delight, 25a
desert, 23a
desire, 27
despise, 23b
destroy, 22
destruction,
18,
25b
Diana, 23b
difficult, 22
diligence, 2
diligent, 16
fallo
defendo
delecto
desero
cupiditas
contemno
de/eo
ernicies,
tus
Diana
diffici/is
diligentia
diligens
morbus
disease, 25a
turpis
disgraceful, 23c
divide, 23b
divine, 30
dog, 20
doubt, 25b
draw, 23b, 24
drink, 24
drive, 23c
dwell, 20
divido
divinus
can is
dubito
traho, hazario
6ibo
fello
/habito
E
eagle,
15
easy, 15
educate, 25a
embark, 30
enemy, 20
err, 2I
Euphrates, 30
interi
aquila
facilis
educo
conscendo
hostis
erro
Euphrates
64
exercise,
exe/cco
22
exhort, 30
eye,
hortor
oculus
Io
F
face, 26
facies
faith, 26
/ides
faithful, 15
fidelis
cado
fall, 23c
farmer, 2
agricola
father, 20
Pater
father-in-law, 7
Joce/*
fear (n.), 25b, 26 metus, timor
fear (v.), 26, 27
feed, 20
few, 14
field, 6, 20
fierce, 16
fight, 17, 20, 30
fights, 17
fill, 22
find, 24
finish, 24
fire, 26
first, 25a
fit,
21
fleet,
II
flock, 14
flourish, 22
flower,
fly, 20
food, 9
foot-soldier, 24
formerly, 25a
fortieth, 26
fortify, 24
fortunate, 16
found, 29
fountain,
free (v.), 25a
friend, 6
friendship, 23b
frighten, 8, 22
frightens, 8
from, 22
II
II
timeo, metazo
Pasco
faucus
campus, ager
ferox
Pugno, dimico
Pugnat
garment, 23a
garrison, 8
gate, 4
Gaul, 21, 22
general, 27
German, 24
gift, 8
floreo
flos
volo
cibus
fedes
olim
quadragesimus
772.2//72d
felix
condo
fons
libero
amicus
amicitia
ferreo
terre/
a, ab
dontum
girl, I
puella
dant, do
dat
give, 3, 29
gives, 3
glory, 29
God, 23a
goddess, 25b
gold, 8
goose, 24
govern, 29
gloria
Deus
dea
&zarzan/2
apt.se/*
guberno
grandfather, 6
&7///5
gramen
grass, I2
great, 9
guard, 24
mag77 day
custodio
impleo
classis
pecus
vestis
praesidium
porta
Gallia, Gallus
imperator
Germanus
hand, 17
Hannibal, 23b
happy, 29
harbour, 17
Portus
head,
accipiter
caput
hare, 12
has, I
hasten, 30
have, I, 22
hawk, 25a
12
heavy, 25a
hen, 26
Herod, 30
high, 26
holy, 29
honour, 20
hope, 18
horse, 6
horse-soldier, 24
human, 21
hundredth, 26
hurtful, Io
husband, 23a
husbandman, 2
*a*.*.S.
AHanniba/
deatus
lepus
habet
contendo
habeo
gravis
gallina
Aerodes
altus
sanctus
honoro
spes
equus
eques
human us
centesimus
nexius
conjux
agricola
G
game,
Io
garden, 6
ludus
hortus
ice, 18
idle, 20
& lacies
Piger

si
, 25a
immense,
16
improve, 25b
increase, 26
industry, 25a
inhabit, 23a
inhabitant, 2
iron,
is, 6
19
island, I
Israelite, 25a
Italy, 23b
letter, 23b, 26
lie hid, 26
life, 28
ingens
emendo
augeo
lightning, 12
lion, II
long, 13
long time, 20
industria
incolo
incola
love, 2, 20, 27
loves, 2
ferrum
est
insula
Atalia
24
magnificent, 29
Janus
pilum
Janus, 24
javelin, 9
join, 23b
join battle, 30
7ungo
committo
just, 29
nam)
justus
maiden,
make,
(pug
laziness,
cz7Ceo
caedo,
eco
leave, 23a
II
manner, 20
motion, 17
mound, II
mountain, 11
mourn, 23C
mouse,
I2
II
mouth,
7"ex:
move, 22
much, Io
scio
18
man, 23a, 24
benignus
culter
lead, 23b
leader, 20
learn, 23c
legion,
se?"Z/o
occidit
II
II
money, 3
mother, 20
czce?"
occido,
II
many, Io
Marcus, 29
milk, 12
mind, 27
mix, 22
labour, 24
large, 9
laugh, 22
law,
lay waste, 20
dateo
zita
fulgur
leo
longus
diu
amo, diligo
amat
M
magistrate,
kills, 17
kind, 20
king, 21
knife, 7
know, 24
epistola, littera
Israelita
Macedonia, 25a
keen, 17
keep, 20
keep off, 22
kill, 17, 23c, 25a
65
murder, 28
my, 22
/ex
zlaszo
segnities
duco
dux
disco
relinguo
legio
zir,
homo
7726.5
multus
Marcus
lac
animus
misceo
pecunia
77tafer
motus
agger
7/20/25
gemo
77224.5
o's
7/207/eo
multus
caedes
z72e2.5
/abor
magnus
7-ideo
AMacedonia
magistratus
magnificus
virgo
facio
needle, 17
night, 19
no (adj.), 26
nobody, 25b
not, 24
nothing, 19
nourish, 23a
Numa, 29
number, Io
Czczas
zzox
nullus
ezzzo
72072
nihil
alo
Muma
722&zzze?"Z/S
66
O
oak, 17
obey, 22, 24
Quercus
Pareo, obedio
observo
occupo
observe, 25b
occupy, 25a
often, 25a
Once, 25a
open, 24
ora/or
impero
720.5/e/*
ought, owe, 25b

overcome, 20
debeo
supero
pleasant,
13
please, 22
pleasing, Io
plough, 21
pluck, 23b
poem, 12
poet, I4
poor, 28
pour, 27
powerful, 16
precept, 29
praise (n.),
praise (v.), 2, 20
II
praises, 2
pray, 22
prepare, 21
protector, 6
prudent, 16
punish, 24
punishment, 22
queen,
regina
occasio
Our, 22
II
saepe
o/im
aperio
opportunity, 30
orator, 28
order, 21
pain, 24
paint, 23b
Palestine, 25a
parent, 20
part, 23b
path,
peace, 25b
people, 25a
Persian, 3
persuade, 26
place, 23a
plain, 18
plan, 9
pupil, 20
discipulus
pure, 24
purus
put to flight, 25a Jugo
dolor
Pingo
Aalaestina
parens
pars
frames
pax
populus
Persa
suadeo
pono
Planities
consilium
jucundus
placeo
gratus
&7o
carpo
poema
foeta
pauper
fundo
/audat
07:0
paro
patronus
prudens
punio
poena
rapax
lego
accipio
receive, 30
recover, 25b
Remi, 25b
Remus, 25a
renew, 20
recupero
A'em:
A'em us
7"e/207/o
renowned, 15
republic, 26
insign is
respublica
reddo
restore, 3, 26
restores, 3
restrain, 22
return, 30
reward, 25b
right, 25b
reddit
&/"Ceo
redeo
fraemium
7"ectus
river, 19
rock, 29
Roman, 20
Rome, 26
Romulus, 25a
flumen
rough, Io
rout, 25a
ruin, 18
run, I, 23C
asper
rupes
Romanus
Aoma
Romulus
rose, 23b
running,
runs,
7"Ojaz
/*go
Pernicies
CZaz"/o
C24752&s
17
potens
Praeceptum
/azas
Zazado
zallum
rampart, 28
rapacious, 16
read, 27
currit
S
Sad, 15
Sail (v.), 21
Sailor, I
salt, I2
Save, 20
Scipio, 22
Sea, I3
See, Io, 22
fristis
navigo
matula
sa/
Jerzo
Scipio
are
video

sees, Io
Senate, 17
shade, 2
sharp, 17
send, 23b
sense, 17
servant, 7
Servius, 21
Sextus, 28
shear, 22
sheep, 19
shepherd, 25a
shield, 8
ship, 17
short, 15
shout, 23
shut, 27
sick, Io
side, 13
silver, 8
sister, 20
sit, 22
sixth, 26
size, 11
slaughter, 26, 28
slave, 6
sleep, 24
small, 9
soldier,
Son, 9
19
Song, 17
son-in-law, 7
Soon, 28
Spare, 23c
Sparrow, 25a
Spear, 4
splendid, 23b
Spring, I4
Spur, I2
Stag, 19
State, 22
vide/
sweet,
swift,
Senatus
tumbra
& Cer
I8
Storm, 20
strengthen, 24
Strong, 9, 15
successfully, 30
summer, 14
dulcis
15
15, 19
21
celer, velox
swim,
Switzerland, 21
Sword, 19
mitto
nato
Aelvetia
gladius
Sezeszs
minister
Servius
Sextus
Zondeo
ovis
pastor
scutum
navis
&revis
clamo
claudo
aeger
/atus
argentum
So?"Oz"
sedeo
sextus
magnitudo
caedes, clades
Se/*2/24.5
dormio
parvus
miles
take care, 21
Tarquinius, 30
teach, 7, 22
tear, 26
tempest, 11
temple, 8
tender, Io
terror, 26
Tertius, 25a
that, 24
that (=in order
that), page 33
Themistocles, 26
thing, 24
think, 31
three, 23b
time, 13
timid, 9
tooth,
town, 8
train, 28
treaty, 23a
II
filius
cant us
gener
tree, 22
trench, 23b
troublesome,
true, 23b
772.0.x:
farco
asser
Tullius,
hasta
splendidus
calcar
civitas
lacrima
tempestas
templum
depter
terror
Tertius
ille
tut
Themistocles
*es
Auto
tres
tempus
timidus
dens
oppidum
erudio
foedus
arbor
fossa
molestus
U
sub
2.7%par
utilis
in utilis
firmo
firmus
feliciter
aestas
Z/e/210
Tarquinius
doceo
Tullius
useless, 27
effigies
expugno
Czaro
Zerzas
under, 26
unequal, 16
useful, 15
Cz^2/24.5
Sun, I2
sol
nutrio
Support, 24
surround, 23b, 24 cingo,.
Io
28
zler
standard-bearer, 7 signifer
Statue,
67
circum
valour, 12
Varus, 26
very swiftly, 25b
victor, 25a
victory, 3
violence, 17
virtue, 12
z/irtus
l'arus
celerrime
z/ictor
victoria
impetus
virtus
wise,
wage, 23b
war, 8
was, 6
water, 22
wealthy, 29
weave, 23a.
weep, 26
weight, 13
were, 6
whether, 24
white, 14
whole, 22
wicked, 9, 23b
wide, 23b
wife, 23a
wild, 26
wine, 22
ala
wing, 26
winter, 14
W
gero
wish (v.), 21
with, 25b
woman, 2
wood, 2
work (n.), 12
workman, 7
world, 23a
wound (n.), 13
wound (v.), 4, 25a
wounds (v.), 4
bellum
erat
agwa
opulentus
texo
fleo
07??/5
erant
722/772
albus
totus
malus, improbus
latus
conjux
ferus
zinum
hiems
sapiens
opto
I6
wretched,
write, 23b
czaz72
femina
silva
opus
faber
Io
mundus
zzulnus
vulnero
zyzlnera/
miser
scribo
Y
your, 23c
Printed by BALLANTYNE, HANSON & Co.

London & Edinburgh.
zuester
PA2087.W.47 c.1
||||||||
exercises
Facillima first Latin
084 954 045
CHICAGO
UNIVERSITY OF

Went First Latin Exercises

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Went First Latin Exercises

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Facillima; first Latin exercises.

Went, James, 1845-1936.

Public Domain, Google-digitized

Cbc (lmi were it w of Chicago

HEAD MASTER OF THE WYGGESTON School,

PATERN OSTER ROW, LONDON

intended to teach itself, but presupposes an earnest and intelligent

The Definitions given here are brief and easy to remember. A

leaving exceptional words to the time when, with more knowledge

is thoroughly understood, a knowledge of these will follow as a

the kind assistance of my colleague, Mr.

There are five Declensions, which may be distinguished

First Declension makes the Genitive end in

DECLENSION OF A Noun in English.

By, with, or from a man.

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

The First Declension.

(2) Nouns of the First Declension are Feminine.

NOUN OF THE FIRST DECLENSION.

Verbs like currit and currunt, which require no other

word after them to make sense, are called Antransitize.

Verbs like habet and habent, which require an object after

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

The object of a Transitive Verb in Latin must be in the

A. I. The sailor runs. 2. The queen runs. 3. The

Noun which defines another Noun

Aexamp/e.Incolae insularum casas habent

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

love the shade of the wood. 4. The daughters of the

B.1. Femina puellae diligentiam laudat.

The person who receives anything is put in the Dative.

woman gives the girl a rose; or, the

A.1. The sailor restores

the money to the farmer.

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

The queen gives the girl a crown. 3. The battle gives

incolis dant. 2. Insularum

which denotes the instrument by which some

Example.The farmer wounds the beast with an arrow

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

daughter adorns the cottage with roses.

Puellae reginam insulae amant. 2. Aurigae casas

A.1. The queen of the island praises the diligence of

B.1. Insularum silvae umbras bestiis dant. 2. Incolae

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

The Second Declension.

Exception.Names of Trees are Feminine.

PATTERN NOUNS OF SECOND

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

These Verbs (being part of the Verb to be) require a

amicus equum habet. 2. Servus patroni

Declined like Magister :

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

A.1. The workman has

gives books to the servant. 3. The children of the standard

Ministrorum generi cultros habent. 2. Faber

Neuter Nouns the Nominative, Vocative and

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

town has a temple. 2. The darts of the

B. I. Oppidi templa dona habent.

Adjectives of the First and Second Declensions are

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES

PAtTERN ADJECtIvEBonus, good.

FIRST LATIN EXERCISES