X - Class Math - SAQ&A

X Std.
Mathematics SA 1 Syllabus
UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS

1. REAL NUMBERS
Euclids division lemma, Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic - statements after reviewing work done
earlier and after illustrating and motivating through examples, Proofs of irrationality of 2,3,5. Decimal
representation of rational numbers in terms of terminating/non-terminating recurring decimals.
UNIT II: ALGEBRA

1. POLYNOMIALS
Zeros of a polynomial. Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials.
Statement and simple problems on division algorithm for polynomials with real coefficients.
2. PAIR OF LINEAR EQUATIONS IN TWO VARIABLES
Pair of linear equations in two variables and graphical method of their solution,
consistency/inconsistency.
Algebraic conditions for number of solutions. Solution of a pair of linear equations in two variables
algebraically - by substitution, by elimination and by cross multiplication method. Simple situational
problems. Simple problems on equations reducible to linear equations.
UNIT III: GEOMETRY

1. TRIANGLES
Definitions, examples, counter examples of similar triangles.
1. (Prove) If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in distinct
points, the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
2. (Motivate) If a line divides two sides of a triangle in the same ratio, the line is parallel to the third
side.
3. (Motivate) If in two triangles, the corresponding angles are equal, their corresponding sides are
proportional and the triangles are similar.
4. (Motivate) If the corresponding sides of two triangles are proportional, their corresponding angles
are equal and the two triangles are similar.
5. (Motivate) If one angle of a triangle is equal to one angle of another triangle and the sides including
these angles are proportional, the two triangles are similar.
6. (Motivate) If a perpendicular is drawn from the vertex of the right angle of a right triangle to the
hypotenuse, the triangles on each side of the perpendicular are similar to the whole triangle and to
each other.
7. (Prove) The ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of their
corresponding sides.
8. (Prove) In a right triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the
other two sides.
9. (Prove) In a triangle, if the square on one side is equal to sum of the squares on the other two sides,
the angles opposite to the first side is a right angle.
Think and Learn Pvt. Ltd.
X Std.
Mathematics SA 1 Syllabus
UNIT IV: TRIGONOMETRY

1. INTRODUCTION TO TRIGONOMETRY
Trigonometric ratios of an acute angle of a right-angled triangle. Proof of their existence (well
defined); motivate the ratios whichever are defined at 0o and 90o. Values (with proofs) of the
trigonometric ratios of 300, 450 and 600. Relationships between the ratios.
2. TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES
Proof and applications of the identity sin2A + cos2A = 1. Only simple identities to be given.
Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles.
UNIT V: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

1. STATISTICS
Mean, median and mode of grouped data (bimodal situation to be avoided). Cumulative frequency
graph.
BLUE PRINT FOR MOCK 1
Real Numbers
Polynomials
Linear Equations in two Variables
Triangles
Introduction to Trigonometry
Statistics
2(2)
1(2)
1(1)
2(1)
1(1)
4(4)
1(2)
1(2)
1(2)
6(12)
1(3)
1(3)
2(3)
2(3)
2(3)
2(3)
10(30)
1(4)
2(4)
1(4)
2(4)
3(4)
2(4)
11(44)
Note: The above blue print is a possible blue print for the SA1 exams as well.
31(90)
X Std.
Real Number Frequent SA 1 Questions
The following are the frequently asked questions in the CBSE board examination of SA1. Solve and
practice them thoroughly, you shall be ready to face your SA1 confidently. Happy practicing!
Topic: Real numbers
Weight age of marks: 11
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. State Euclids division lemma.
2. If HCF(a, 8) = 4 and LCM(a, 8) = 24, then find the value of a.
3. Without actually performing long division, state whether
13
3125
will have terminating or non-
terminating repeating decimal expansion. Also find the number of decimal places after which
the decimal expansion terminates.
4. Express 0. 6 as a rational number in its simplest form.
5. Explain why 7 11 13 + 13 is a composite number.
2 Mark (Section- B)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Find the prime factorisation of the denominator of the rational number equivalent to 8.39
Show that 56 is an irrational number.
Show that 7 cannot end with the digit zero for any natural number
Find the HCF of 96 and 404 by prime factorisation method. Also, find their LCM.
There is a circular path around a sports field. Ritu takes 18 min to drive 1 round of the field,
while Pankaj takes 12 min for the same. Suppose they both start at the same point and at the
same time and go in the same direction, after how many minutes will they meet?
3
Mark (Section- C)
1. Use Euclid's division lemma to show that square of any positive integer cannot be of the form
5 + 2 or 5 + 3 for some integer .
2. Prove that 3 is an irrational number.
3. Use Euclid's division lemma to show that square of any positive integer is either of form 3
or 3 + 1 for some integer .
4. Prove that (3 + 25)2 is an irrational number.
Mark (Section- D)
1. Can the number 6 , being a natural number, end with the digit 5? Give reasons.
2. State fundamental theorem of arithmetic. Can two numbers have their HCF as 24 and LCM as
540? Explain.
3. Show that there is no positive integer for which 1 + + 1 is rational
4. Find HCF of 1305, 1365 by using Euclids division algorithm. Also, deduce the LCM of 1305
and 1365.
5. If is the HCF of 18 and 48, find and satisfying = 18 + 48. Also show that and
are not unique.
X Std.
Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions
Solutions for the frequent SA1 questions are provided below. They include the marks break up based
on CBSE marking scheme. Practice to solve in the following pattern to score maximum marks in SA1.
Topic : Real numbers
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. For given positive integers and there exist unique integers and satisfying
= + , where 0 .
[1]
2. We know that =
[2]
4 24 = 8 a
1
a = 12
3.
13
3125
13
55
[ ]
2
13
The denominator has only factor of 5 3125 will have terminating

1
decimal expansion.
13
Also 3125 =
1325
55 25
[ ]
2
416
= 105 = 0.00416 So, after 5 decimal places the decimal expansion

1
terminates.
[ ]
2
1
4. Let = 0. 6 = 0.6666 . and 10 = 6.6666
[ ]
2
Then 10 = 6.6666 0.6666 .

9 = 6 =
[2]
5. 7 11 13 + 13 = 13(7 11 + 1) = 13(77 + 1) = 13 78 = 13 13 2 3
So 7 11 13 + 13 can be expressed as the product of primes.
7 11 13 + 13 is a composite number
2 Mark (Section- B)
6. 8.39 =
839
[1]
100
2
The prime factorisation of the denominator is 100 = 2 5
[1]
7. Let 56 be a rational number

Then 56 =
where , are integers and (, ) = 1
6 = 5
[1]
We know that 6 is irrational. Since , are integers 5 is rational.

i.e. irrational = rational. This leads to a contradiction as LHS RHS
This is because our assumption is wrong.
[1]
56 is an irrational number.
8. 7 can be written as 7 = (1 7) = 1 7
So the only prime factors of 7 are 1 and 7
[1]
X Std.

But for any number to end with zero it should have prime factors 2 and 5
7 cannot end with zero.
9. 96 = 25 31
404 = 22 101
HCF = 22 = 4
LCM = 25 31 101 = 9696
[1]
[1]
10. LCM(12,18)
12 = 22 3
18 = 21 32
LCM is = 22 32 = 36
They meet after 36 min.
[1]
[1]
[1]
Mark (Section- C)
5. Let be a positive integer divisible by 5. Then there exists , such that

= 5 + where = 0,1,2,3,4
[1]
When = 0
= 5 2 = 252 = 5(52 ) = 5
When = 1
= 5 + 1 2 = (5 + 1 )2 = 252 + 10 + 1 = 5(52 + 2) + 1 = 5 + 1
When = 2
= 5 + 2 2 = (5 + 2 )2 = 252 + 20 + 4 = 5(52 + 4) + 4 = 5 + 4
When = 3
= 5 + 3 2 = (5 + 3 )2 = 252 + 30 + 9 = 252 + 30 + 5 + 4
= 5(52 + 6 + 1) + 4 = 5 + 4
[1]
When = 4
= 5 + 4 2 = (5 + 4 )2 = 252 + 40 + 16 = 252 + 40 + 15 + 1
= 5(52 + 8 + 3) + 1 = 5 + 1
[1]
square of any positive integer cannot be of the form 5 + 2 or 5 + 3 for some integer
.
6. Let 3 be a rational number.

Then,
3 =
( and are integers and (, ) = 1 i.e, thet are co-prime)
On squaring both sides 3 = 2

2
[1]
2
3 = .(i)
2
is divisible by 3
is divisible by 3
Then
=
3
X Std.
= 3
On squaring both sides 2 = 9 2
32 = 9 2
[From (i)]
[1]
2 = 3 2
2 is divisible by 3
is divisible by 3 ---------(ii)
From (i) and (ii) we get 3 as a factor of and
This is contradicting to the fact that and are coprime.
Hence our assumption that 3 is a rational number is false. So 3 is an irrational number. [1]
7. Let be any positive integer, = 3, so = 0, 1, 2

then it is of the form 3 or 3 + 1 or 3 + 2
Squaring we get
(3)2 = 92 = 3 32 = 3 where = 32
(3 + 1)2 = 92 + 6 + 1
= 3(32 + 2) + 1
= 3 + 1 where = (32 + 2)
(3 + 2)2 = 92 + 12 + 4
= 92 + 12 + 3 + 1
= 3(32 + 4 + 1) + 1
= 3 + 1 where = (32 + 4 + 1)
Therefore square of any positive integer is either of the for 3 or 3 + 1 for some
integer .
8. (3 + 25)2 = 9 + 125 + 20 = 125 + 29
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
Let 125 + 29 be a rational number
Then 125 + 29 = where , are integers and (, ) = 1
125 + 29 =
125 = 29
5 =
29
[1]
12
We know that 5 is irrational LHS = irrational

Since
are integers
29
12
is rational RHS = rational
X Std.

This leads to contradiction as LHS RHS
This is because our assumption is wrong
[1]
125 + 29 is an irrational number. i,e (3 + 25)2 is an irrational number

4
Mark (Section- D)
6. 6 , being a natural number can be written as 6 = (2 3)

The only prime factors of 6 are 2 and 3
By fundamental theorem of arithmetic, prime factorisation is unique irrespective of
their order.
For any number to end with digit 5, it should have its prime factor as 5
But prime factors of 6 are 2 and 3
6 , being a natural number cannot end with the digit 5
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
7. By the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, every composite number can be expressed as a

product of primes and the prime factorisation is unique irrespective of their order.
[1]
Given is HCF of 2 numbers is 24 and their LCM is 540.
We know that the LCM is multiple of HCF of the same numbers.
Then,
540
24
= 22.5 which is not an integer.
[1]
[2]
This shows 24, 540 cannot be HCF and LCM of two numbers.
8. Let us assume that there is a positive integer for which 1 + + 1 is rational
Then 1 + + 1 = where , are integers and (, ) = 1
1 + + 1 = ..(i)
1
1++1
= (
[1]
1+1
1++1)(1+1)
1+1
= (1)(+1) =
1+1
2
i,e 1 + + 1 =
.(ii)
Adding (i) and (ii) we get
2 + 1 = +
+ 1 =
2 +2 2
2
2 +2 2
.(iii)
[1]
X Std.

Subtracting (ii) from (i) we get
1 =
2 2 2
2
(iv)
From (iii) and (iv) we can say that both + 1 and 1 are rational numbers
Since and are rationals. But it is possible only when ( + 1) and ( 1) are
perfect squares. But they differ by 2 and two perfect squares never differ by 2.
So, both ( + 1) and ( 1) cannot be perfect squares. Hence there is no positive
integer for which 1 + + 1 is rational.
9. HCF(1305,1365)
= + 0
1365 = 1305 1 + 60
1305 = 60 21 + 45
60 = 45 1 + 15
45 = 15 3 + 0
In the last step when the remainder is 0, divisor is 15
HCF of 1305 and 1365 is 15.
1305 = 32 5 29
1365 = 3 5 7 13
LCM = 32 5 7 13 29 = 118755
10. = + 0
48 = 18 2 + 12
18 = 12 1 + 6
12 = 6 2 + 0
Hence HCF(18, 48) = 6
Now,
6 = 18 12 1
6 = 18 (48 18 2)
6 = 18 48 1 + 18 2
6 = 18 3 48 1
6 = 18 3 + 48 (1)
6 = 18 + 48
where = 3 and = 1
[1]
Again
6 = 18 3 + 48 (1)
6 = 18 3 + 48 (1) + 18 48 18 48
6 = 18(3 + 48) + 48(1 18)
6 = 18 51 + 48 (19)
6 = 18 + 48
where = 51 and = 19
Hence and are not unique.
[1]
[1]
[2]
[2]
[1]
[1]
[1]
10
X Std.
Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Questions
Topic: Polynomials
Weight age of marks : 10
1 Mark each (Section- A)

1) If the sum of zeroes of quadratic polynomial 3x2-kx+6 is 3, then find the value of k.
2) If and are the roots of px2 qx + c = 0 (a 0), then calculate +
3) If 1 is zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 3(a 1)x 1, then what is the value of a?
4) The sum and the product of the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial are
1
2
and
1
2
respectively, then the
polynomial is ______________.
2 Marks each (Section- B)
1) On dividing x3-3x2+x+3, by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and the remainder were x2-x+1 and 2x+5 respectively. Find g(x).
2) Find a quadratic polynomial, the sum and product of whose zeroes are-3 and 2 respectively.
3) If and are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x)=x 2-px+q, then find the value of
4) Find a cubic polynomial with the sum, sum of the products of its zeros taken two at a time, and
products of its zeros as 2,-7 and -14, respectively.
5) If p(x) = 2x2-3x+4, find p(3) and p(-1).
3
Mark (Section- C)
1) Find the zeroes of the polynomial x3- 7x + 6.

2) Find the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x2- 3 -7x and verify the relationship between the
zeroes and the coefficients.
3) If the zeros of the polynomial x3- 3x2+x+1 are a-b, a and a+b. Find a and b.
4) If and are the zeroes of the polynomial x2 5x + k and = -1, find the value of k.
5) If and are the zeroes of the polynomial 3x2 +5x 2 then form a quadratic polynomials whose
zeroes are 2 and 2.
4
Mark (Section- D)
1) Find all the zeroes of the polynomials x4 + x3- 9x2 - 3x + 18. If it is given that two of its zeroes are
3 and 3
2) Find the values of a and b so that x4+x3+8x2+ax-b is divisible by x2 - 1.
3) What must be added to f(x) = 4x4+2x3-2x2+x-1 so that the resulting polynomial is divisible by
g(x)=x2+2x-3?
11
X Std.
Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Questions
4) On dividing x3-3x2+x+2 by a polynomial g(x), the quotient and remainder were x-2 and -2x+4,
respectively. Find the g(x).
12
X Std.
Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Solutions
Solutions for the frequent SA1 questions is provided below. They include the marks break up based
on CBSE marking scheme. Practice to solve in the following pattern to score maximum marks in SA1.
Topic : Polynomials
1 Mark (Section- A)
1) Let and be the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial.
b
a
b = -k
a=3
(k )
3
[1/2]
(k )
3
k=9
2)
[1/2]
b
a
Here b = -q
a=p

q
p
= q/p
3) If 1 is the zero of the polynomial p(x), then p(1)= 0
p(1) = 0
a (1)2 - 3 (a - 1) 1 - 1 = 0
a - 3a + 3 1 = 0
- 2a + 2 = 0
2a = 2
a = 2/2 = 1
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
13
X Std.
4) Let and be the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial
1
2
1
2
2
ax bx c k x x where k is a consant
k x 2 x
[1 / 2]
kx k x k
2
1
1
kx 2 k x
2
2
kx k
kx 2
2 2
The polynomial is k (x 2
[1 / 2]
1
1
x )
2
2
2 Mark (Section- B)
1) p (x) =x3 - 3x + x + 3.
q (x) = x2 x + 1
r (x) =-2x + 5
q(x) =?
p(x) = q(x)g(x)+r(x)
g x
P x x
qx
[1 / 2]
x 3 3x 2 x 3 2 x 5
g x
x2 x 1
x 3 3x 2 x 3 2 x 5
g x
x2 x 1
x 3 3x 2 3x 2
g x
x2 x 1
[1]
14
X Std.
g(x) = x -2.
2) Let and be the zeroes of the polynomial
+ = -3
=2
ax2 + bx + c = k(x- )(x- )
=k[x2 - ( + ) x + ]
=k[x2 - (-3) x + 2]
=k[x2 + 3x + 2]
the quadratic polynomial is k(x2+3x+2)
b
a
Here b = -p
a=1
p
p (1)
+ =
1
c

a
[1/2]
[1]
[1]
3) + =
[1/2]
Here c = q
a=1
q
q (2)
2
1 1

(3)
[1/2]
Substitute (1) and (2) in (3)
q
p
4) Let , and v be the zeroes of the cubic polynomial.

++v=2
+v+v=-7
v = -14
ax3+bx2+cx+d=k[x3-(++v)x2+(+v+v)x-v]
=k[x3 - (2)x2 + (-7)x - (-14)]
=k(x3 - 2x2 - 7x + 14)
5) p(x) = 2x2-3x+4
p(3) =2(3)2-3(3)+4
=2(9)-9+4
=18-9+4
=9+4
=13
p(-1) = 2(-1)2-3(-1)+4
=2(1)+3+4
=9
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
15
X Std.

3
Mark (Section- C)
1) p(x) = x3-7x+6
x3-7x+6=0
x = 1 satisfies the equation . Hence 1 is the zero of the polynomial
[1/2]
[1]
x3 -7x + 6 = (x-1)(x2+x-6) = 6
(x-1)(x2-2x+3x-6) = 0
(x-1)(x(x-2)+3(x-2)) = 0
(x-1) (x+3) (x-2) = 0
x-1=0 x+3 =0 x-2 = 0
x = 1 x = -3
x=2
[3/2]
Therefore, the zeroes of the polynomial are 1,-3 and 2.

2) Let and be the zeroes of the quadratic polynomial 6x 2 3 - 7x.
6x2 -7x-3 = 0
6x2+2x-9x-3 =0
2x(3x+1)-3(3x+1)=0
(2x-3)(3x+1)=0
2x-3=0 3x+1=0
3
2
3
1
and
2
3
1
3
b
a
3 1 7

2 3
6
92 7
6
6
[1]
16
X Std.
7 7
6 6
[1]
L.H .S R.H .S
c
a
3 1 3

2 3 6
1 1
2
2
[1]
L.H .S R.H .S
3) x3-3x2+x+1
Sum of the zeroes = a-b+a+a+b =
3
3a
1
3a 3
3
a 1
3
b1
a1
[1]
Product of the zeroes = (a-b)a(a+b)=
(a 2 b 2 )a
12 b 2 1
[1/2]
d1
a1
[1/2]
d1
a1
1
1
1 b 2 1
11 b2
b2 2
b 2
[1]
17
X Std.
4)
5
5
1
[1/2]
k
k
1
2 2 2 2
[1/2]
2 2
2
2 2 4
12 52 4k
[1/2]
[1/2]
1 25 4k
4k 24
24
k
6
4
5)
[1]
5
3
[1/2]
2
3
[1/2]
Quadratic polynomial whose zeroes are 2 and 2
k x
k x
k x 2 2 2 x 2 2
2
2 x 4
5
2
2
x 4
3
3
10
8
k x 2 x
3
3
[1]
Mark (Section- D)
1) x4 + x3 - 9x2 - 3x - 3x + 18
Since two zeroes are
[1]
3 and 3 , (x- 3 )(x+ 3 ) = x2 - 3 is a factor of the given polynomial.
18
X Std.
[2]
x4 + x3 - 9x2 - 3x + 18 = (x2 - 3)(x2 + x-6)

=(x2 - 3)(x2 + 3 x - 2x - 6)
=(x2 - 3)(x (x + 3) - 2( x + 3))
=(x2-3)(x-2)(x+3)
=(x- 3 )(x+ 3 )(x-2)(x+3)
the zeroes of the polynomial are
[1]
3 , 3 , 2 and -3.
2) x4+x3+8x2+ax-b is divisible by x2-1

x2-1=0
x2=1
x= 1 are the two zeroes of the polynomial
p(1)=0 and p(-1)=0
p(1)=(1)4+(1)3+8(1)2+a(1)-b=0
1+1+8+a-b=0
a-b=-10
(1)
p(-1)=(-1)4+(-1)3+8(-1)2+a(-1)-b=0
1-1+8-a-b=0
-a-b=-8
a+b=8
(2)
[1]
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1]
a+b=8
b=8-a
= 8 (-1)
=9
3) f(x) = 4x4 +2x3-2x + x - 1
g (x)= x2 + 2x - 3
[1]
19
X Std.
[3]
The remainder has to be added to f(x) so that the resulting polynomial is divisible by g(x)
Therefore, (-61x+65) has to be added to f(x).
[1]
4) f(x) = x3 -3x2+x+2
g(x) =?
q(x) = x-2
r(x) =-2x+4
f(x) =q (x) g(x) +r(x)
g x
f( x) r ( x)
qx
x 3 3x 2 x 2 2 x 4
x2
3
2
x 3x x 2 2 x 4
g x
x2
3
2
x 3x 3x 2
g x
x2
g x
[2]
g (x) = x2 x + 1
[1]
22
X Std.
Pair of linear equations in two variables Frequent SA 1 Questions
Topic : Pair of linear equation in two variables
1 Mark (Section- A)
Does the point (1,2) lie on the line whose equation is 3 5 = 0?
Which axis is the graph of equation = 0?
How many solutions of the equation 5 4 + 11 = 0 are possible?
The value of for which the system of equation 2 + 3 = 5 and 4 + = 10 has
infinite number of solutions is?
5. If the system of equation 2 + 3 = 7 and 8 + ( + ) = 28 has infinitely many
Solutions, then find the relation between and .
1.
2.
3.
4.
2 Mark (Section- B)
1. The cost of 2 kg of apples and 1 kg of grapes on a day was found to be Rs.160. After a month
the cost of 4 kg apples and 2 kg grapes is Rs.300. Represent the solution algebraically and
graphically.
2. Find the area of the rectangle ABCD.
Solve for and :

+ = and = 2 + 2
4. The sum of two numbers is 1000 and the difference between their squares is 256000.
Find the numbers.
5. Find the relation between , , and for which the equations + = and
+ = have a unique solution.
3.
Mark (Section- C)
1. Given the linear equation 2 + 3 8 = 0, write another linear equation in two variables
such that the geometrical representation of the pair so formed is:
(i) intersecting lines
(ii) parallel lines (iii) coincident lines
2. Solve the following pair of linear equation by the substitution method.
23
X Std.
Pair of linear equations in two variables Frequent SA 1 Questions

=3

+ =6
3 2
3. Solve the following pair of linear equations by the substitution method

3 = 3
9 3 = 9
0.2 + 0.3 = 1.3
0.4 + 0.5 = 2.3
2 + 3 = 0
3 + 8 = 0
Mark (Section- D)
1. Half the perimeter of a rectangular garden whose length is 4m more than its width, is 36 m.
Find the dimensions of the garden.
2. The taxi charges in a city consist of a fixed charge together with the charge for the distance
covered. For a distance of 10 km , the charge paid is Rs.105 and for a journey of 15 km, the
charge paid is RS.155. What are the fixed charge and the charge per km? How much does a
person have to pay for travelling a distance of 25 km?
3. A part of monthly hostel charges is fixed and the remaining depends on the number of days one
has taken food in the mess. When a student A takes food for 20 days she has to pay Rs.1000 as
hostel charges whereas a student B, who takes food for 26 days, pays Rs.1180 as hostel charges.
Find the fixed charges and the cost of food per day.
4. Yash scored 40 marks in a test , getting 3 marks for each right answer and losing 1 mark for
each wrong answer. Had 4 marks been awarded for each correct answer and 2 marks been
deducted for each incorrect answer, then yash would have scored 50 marks. How many
questions were there in the test?
5 Ritu can row downstream 20 km in 2 hours, and upstream 4 km in 2 hours. Find her speed of
rowing in still water and the speed of the current.
24
X Std.
Pair of linear equations in two variables Frequent SA 1 Solutions
on CBSE marking scheme. Practice to solve the solutions in the following pattern to score maximum
marks in SA1.
Topic : Pair of linear equations in two variables
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. Substituting = 1 and = 2 in the given equation, we get:
3(1) (2) 5 = 3 2 5 = 3 7 = 4 0
the point (1,2) does not lie on the line
[1].
2. y-axis
[1]
3. Since, there is only one equation and two unknowns, hence many solutions.
Also the number of solutions for linear equation in two variable is infinite.
[1]
4. For infinite number of solutions,

2
4
2
4
=
=
5
10
[1/2]
=6
[1/2]
5. If the system of equations has infinitely many solutions then:

2
8
3
+
7
28
+ = 12
[1/2]
[1/2]
2 Mark (Section- B)
1. Let the cost of 1kg apples be Rs. and the cost of 1kg grapes be Rs.. Then the
equation can represented as:
2 + = 160
4 + 2 = 300
2 + = 160 (i)
This equation gives us,
[1]
25
X Std.

4 + 2 = 300(ii)
This equation gives us,
[1]
2.
From the given figure, + = 12 and = 8
[1]
On adding both the equations we get, 2 = 20

= 10 = 2
3.
[1]
Given equations are:

+ = _______________(1)
26
X Std.

= 2 + 2 __________________(2)
On multiplying eqn.(1) with , we get:
+ = 2 _____________(3)
Adding equation (2) and (3) we get,
( + ) = 2 +
=
(+)
=
Substituting the value of . (1), =
[1]
[1]
4. Let the numbers be and

Then + = 1000 .(i)
Also 2 2 = 256000..(ii)
i.e, ( + )( ) = 256000
Substituting the value of ( + ) from (i)
( + )( ) = 256000
1000( ) = 256000
256000
( ) =
= 256
1000
( ) = 256(iii)
Solving (i) and (iii)
= 628
Substituting in (i) we get = 372
[1]
[1]
5. For having unique solution,
[1]
adbc
3 Mark (Section- C)
1. (i)
(ii)
(iii)
[1]
2 + 3 8 = 0
3 + 2 7 = 0 (intersecting lines)
[1]
2 + 3 8 = 0
2 + 3 + 12 = 0 (parallel lines)
[1]
2 + 3 8 = 0
4 + 6 16 = 0 (coincident lines)
[1]
27
X Std.

Though many solutions are possible for this answer. This is just one of
the solutions.
2. = 3 .(1)

+ =6
3 2
2+3
6
=6
2 + 3 = 36 ..(2)
From (1), = + 3 .(3)
[1]
Substituting the value of in (1), we get

2( + 3) + 3 = 36
2 + 6 + 3 = 36
5 = 30
= 6
from (3), = 6 + 3 = 9
[1]
[1]
3. 3 = 3 .(1);
9 3 = 9 . (2)
From (1) = 3 3
Substitute = 3 3 in (2)
9 3 (3 3) = 9
9 9 + 9 = 9
This statement is true for all values of . However, we do not have a specific value of
as a solution. Therefore, we cannot obtain a specific value of . This situation has
arisen because both the given equations are the same. Therefore, Equations (1) and
(2) have infinitely many solutions.
[2]
4. 0.2 + 0.3 = 1.3 .. (1)
0.4 + 0.5 = 2.3 .. (2)
Multiplying (1) by 5 we get,
+ 1.5 = 6.5
= 6.5 1.5
Substituting the value in (2)
0.4 (6.5 1.5) + 0.5 = 2.3
2.6 0.6 + 0.5 = 2.3
0.1 = 0.3
=3
Substitute = 3 in = 6.5 1.5
= 6.5 1.5(3)
= 6.5 4.5 = 2
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
28
X Std.

= 2, = 3
5. 2 + 3 = 0 . (1)
3 + 8 = 0 . (2)
(1) 2 2 + 6 = 0
=
[1]
Sub in (2)
6
8 = 0
2
18
(
8) = 0
2
3
32
8) = 0
2
3
3) = 0
2
=0
Hence = 0
= 0, = 0
(
[1]
[1]
4 Mark (Section- D)
1. Let be the length and be the breadth
= + 4
= 4 ..(1)
Perimeter = 2 ( + )
1/2 2(I + b) = 36 (given) .(2)
= 4 .(1)
+ = 36 (2)
(1)+ (2) 2 = 40
40
=
= 20
2
Substitue = 20 in (1)
= 4
20 = 4
= 20 4 = 16 .
2. Let the fixed charge be Rs. and charge per km be Rs.
Total charges = Fixed charge + (Charge per km Distance travelled)
For a distance of 10 km,
+ 10 = 105 (1)
+ 15 = 115 (2)
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
[1]
29
X Std.

From (1), = 105 10
Substituting in (2)
+ 15 = 115
105 10 + 15 = 115
5 = 115 105
10
=
= 2
5
= 105 (2 10 ) = 85
Fixed charges = 85/Charge per km = 5/For travelling a distance of 25km the person has to pay
+ 25 = 85 + 25 (2)
= Rs.135
3. Let the fixed charges be Rs. and cost of food per day by Rs.
In the case of student A
+ 20 = 1000 .(1)
In the case of student B
+ 26 = 1180 ..(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2)
26 20 = 1180 1000
6 = 180
= 30
Substituting = 30 in (1) we get,
+ 20(30) = 1000
= 1000 600 = 400
Fixed charges =Rs. 400 and cost of food per day = Rs.30
4. Let x be the no. of right answers and y be the no. of wrong answers written by Yash
respectively.
3 = 40 .(1)
4 2 = 50 (2)
(1)2 6 2 = 80 .(3)
(3) (2)
2 = 30
= 15
From (1), Substituting the value of ,
3(15) = 40
= 45 40 = 5
Number of right answers is 15 and number of wrong answers is 5.
5. Let the speed of still water be / and the speed of the current be /.
Speed upstream = ( ) /
Speed downstream = ( + ) /
[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]
[2]
[1]
[2]
[1]
[1]
30
X Std.

Case 1
Where Ritu rows 20 km downstream in 2 hours , the equation is
20
+
=2
2( + ) = 20
+ = 10 ..(1)
Case 2
When Ritu rows 4 km downstream in 2 hours , the equation is
4
+
[1]
=2
2( ) = 4
4
=
= 2
2
x y = 2 .(2)
[1]
Solving (1) and (2)
2 = 12
=6
Substitue = 6 in (1)
+ = 10
6 + = 10
= 10 6
= 4
[1]
Therefore speed of the rowing in still water = 6 km/hr and speed of the current = 4km / hr
32
X Std.
Triangles Frequent SA 1 Questions
Topic : Triangles
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. In LMN L = 60, M = 50. If LMN ~ PQR, then find the value of R.
2. A vertical stick 30m long casts a shadow 15m long on the ground. At the same time, a tower
casts a shadow 75m long on the ground. Find the height of the tower.
3. In the given figure DEBC. Find EC.
4. In PQR, S and T are points on the sides PQ and PR respectively such that STQR. If PS =
4cm, PQ = 9cm and PR = 4.5 cm, then find PT.
5. ABC is an isosceles triangle with AC = BC. If AB2 = 2AC2 , prove that ABC is a right
triangle.
2 Mark (Section B)
1. In the figure given below, if MNQR, find .
2. In ABC, AB = AC and D is a point on side AC such that BC2 = AC. CD. Prove that
BD = BC.
3. The areas of two similar triangles ABC and PQR are 64 cm2 and 121 cm2 respectively. If
QR = 15.4 cm, find BC.
4. State which of the two triangles given in the figure are similar. Also, state the similarity
criterion used.
33
X Std.
5. In figure ABDE and BDEF. Prove that DC2 = CF AC.
3 Mark (Section C)
1. The perpendiculars AD on the base BC of ABC intersects BC in D such that BD = 3CD.
Prove that 2AB2 = 2AC2 + BC2 .
2. If the areas of two similar triangles are equal, prove that they are congruent.
3. Two isosceles triangles have equal vertical angles and their areas are in the ratio 16:25. Find
the ratio of their corresponding heights.
4. In the figure, ABC is a right angled triangle, right angled at C. DEAB. Prove that
ABC~ADE and hence find the lengths of AE and DE.
5. In the given figure, PQR is a right-angled triangle in which Q = 90. If QS = SR, show that
PR2 = 4PS2 3PQ2 .
34
X Std.
6. In the figure, D is a point on the side BC of ABC such that BAC = ADC. Prove that
CA2 = CB CD.
7. Through the midpoint M of the side CB of a parallelogram ABCD, the line DM is drawn
intersecting AC in L and AB produced in E. Prove that EL = 2DL.
4 Mark (Section D)
1. Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the ratio of the squares of
their corresponding sides.
2. In given figure ABC, PQBC and BC = 3PQ. Find the ratio of the area of PQR and area of
CRB where PC and BQ intersect at R.
35
X Std.
3. Prove that if a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two sides in
distinct points, then the other two sides are divided in the same ratio.
4. In a triangle, if the square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
sides, then the angle opposite the first side is a right angle. Prove it.
5. ABCD is a rhombus. Prove that AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + DA2 = AC2 + BD2
6. If AD and PM are medians of triangle ABC and PQR respectively where ABC ~PQR.
Prove that
AB
PQ
AD
PM
In the given figure, DEBC and AD:DB = 5 : 4. Find
Area (DEF)
Area(CFB)
36
X Std.
Triangles Frequent SA 1 Solutions
marks in SA1.
Topic : Triangles
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. In LMN,
L+M+N = 180
N = 180 -(L+M) = 180 - 110 = 70
Since LMN ~ PQR N =R
R = 70
2. Let AB be a stick and BC its shadow. Also PQ be the tower and QR its shadow.
In ABC and PQR,
ABC = PQR = 90 [ since both stick and toer are r to thr ground]
BAC = QPR
[Angle created by the sun at the same time]
ABC ~ PQR
[A. A. Similarity]
AB
BC
30
15
PQ
PQ
= QR
[1/2]
[1/2]
[ B.P.T]
PQ =
75
[1/2]
3075
15
= 150 m
[1/2]
[ B.P.T]
[1/2]
3. Since DEBC,
AD
DB
AE
EC
1.5
4 = EC
41.5
EC =
= 3 cm
[1/2]
4. In PQR, STQR
PS
PT
SQ = TR
PS+PS
[ B.P.T]
PT+PT
SQ+PS
TR+PT
2PS
2PT
PS
PQ
PR
PT
4.5
i.e, =
PQ
PT
PT =
5. Given,
AB2 = 2AC2
[1/2]
PR
44.5
9
= 2cm
[1/2]
37
X Std.

AB2 = AC2 + AC2
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
[Since AC = BC]
[1/2]
Here, square of one side is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides [1/2]
ABC is a right triangle.
2 Mark (Section B)
1. In PMN and PQR

PMN = PQR
MPN = QPR
PMN ~PQR
PM
MN
PQ =
PM
PM+MQ
i,e
3
5
[pair of corresponding angles as MNQR]

[Common angle]
[ B.P.T]
QR
[1]
MN
QR
= QR QR =
45
3
= 6.6
[1]
2. Given that AB = AC and BC2 = AC. CD

i,e. BC BC = AC. CD
BC CD
=
AC BC
In BCD and ACB
BC
AC
CD
= BC
[proved above]
BCD = ACB
BCD ~ ACB
BDC = ABC
BDC = ACB
BDC = DCB
BC = BD
[Common angle]
[S.A.S Similarity]
[ Corresponding angles of similar triangles]
[ABC=ACB since AC = AB]
[ sides opposite to equal angles]
[1]
[1]
3. If two triangles are similar then,

Area(ABC)
Area(PQR)
64cm2
121 cm2
BC2 =
BC2
QR2
[1]
BC2
= (15.4)2
6415.415.4
121
64 15.4 15.4
BC =
121
=
815.4
11
= 11.2
[1]
38
X Std.
4. In the given figure, In ABC and FED

AB
6
4
=
=
4.5 3
BC 4
=
3
ABC = FED
ABC ~ FED
[S.A.S similarity]
If two sides of one triangle are proporational to two sides of another triangle and an
involving angle is equal then two triangles are similar.
CD
CE
5. Since ABDE AD = EB ..(i)

CF
CE
and BDEF FD = EB .(ii)
[1]
[1]

2
1
From (i) and (ii)

CD
AD
CD
ACCD
CD
AC
CD
AC
CF
FD
CF
CDCF
[from fig FD = CD-CF, AD =AC-CD]
CF
1 = CD 1
CF
= CD
CD2 = CF AC
3 Mark (Section C)
1.
[1]
39
X Std.

Since ABD is right angled triangle,
AB2 = BD2 + AD2 (i)
Also ADC is right angled triangle,
AC2 = CD2 + AD2 (ii)
[1]
(ii) (i)
AB2 AC2 = BD2 + AD2 CD2 AD2
AB2 AC2 = BD2 CD2 .(iii)
BC = BD + DC
BC = 3CD + DC
BC = 4CD
1
CD = 4 BC and BD = 3CD = 4 BC
[1]
Substituting these values in (iii)

AB2 AC2 = BD2 CD2
2
AB2 AC2 = ( BC) ( BC)

4
AB2 AC2 =
9
16
[Since CD = BC and BD = 3CD = BC]
BC2 16 BC2
AB2 AC2 = BC2

2
2(AB2 AC2 ) = BC2

2AB2 = 2AC2 + BC2
[1]
2. Given : Two triangles ABC and DEF such that ABC~DEF and
area(ABC) = area(DEF)
To prove : ABC DEF
Proof : ABC DEF
AB
BC
AC
A = D, B=E, C=F and DE = EF = DF
[1]
We have ,
area(ABC) = area(DEF)
AB2
DE2
area(ABC)
=1
area(DEF)
BC2
EF2
AC2
=1
2
DF
area(ABC)
area(DEF)
AB2
BC2
DE
EF2
=
2
AC2
DF2
[1]
40
X Std.

AB2 = DE2 , BC2 = EF 2 , AC2 =DF 2
AB = DE, BC = EF and AC = DF
A = D, B=E, C=F and AB = DE, BC = EF, AC = DF
ABC DEF
[1]
3. Let ABC and DEF be two isosceles triangles

Since two isosceles triangles have equal vertical angles,
AB
DE
BC
= EF and B=E
ABC~DEF
area(ABC)
area(DEF)
16
25
AB
DE
=
=
[S.A.S similarity]
AB2
[1]
[1]
DE2
AB2
DE2
4
5
[1]
4.
In ABC and ADE

CAB = EAD
ACB = AED
ABC ~ ADE
AB
BC
[common angle]
[ both are 90]
[ A A similarity]
[1]
AC
AD = DE = AE
In ABC,
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
AB2 = 52 + 122 = 169
AB = 13
AB BC
=
AD DE
13
3
BC
DE
=
=
12
DE
DE =
AC
AE
123
13
= 2.8
[1]
41
X Std.

12cm
2.8
AE =
5cm
AE
52.8
13
[AC = AD + DC = 3cm + 2 cm = 5cm]
= 1.2
[1]
5.
In PQR,
PR2 = PQ2 + QR2 .(i)
PQS,
PS2 = PQ2 + QS2 ..(ii)
We have
PR2 = PQ2 + QR2
PR2 = PQ2 + (2QS)2
PR2 = PQ2 + 4QS2
PR2 = PQ2 + 4(PS2 PQ2 )
PR2 = PQ2 + 4PS2 4PQ2
PR2 = 4PS2 3PQ2
[1]
[1]
[QR = QS + SR = 2QS since QS = SR]

[From (ii) ]
[1]
6.
In BAC and ADC

BAC = ADC
ACB = DCA
BAC~ADC
BA
AD
AC
DC
BC
AC
[Given]
[Common angle]
[A.A similarity]
[B. P.T]
[1]
[1]
42
X Std.

AC
BC
i.e, DC = AC AC2 = BC. DC
[1]
7.
In DMC and EMB,

MC = MB
[ M is the midpoint of BC]
CMD = EMB
[V.O.A]
and MDC = MEB
[Alternate angles since ABDC]
DMC EMB
[C.P.C.T] ..(i)
DC = BE
[1]
Also AB = DC
AB = BE B is the midpoint of AE
AE = 2AB
(ii)
[1]
i.e, AE = 2DC
In AEL and CDL
ALE = CLD
[V.O.A]
EAL = DCL
[Alternate angles since ABDC]
AEL ~ CDL
EL
DL
EL
DL
AE
CD
EL
DL
2DC
CD
= 2 EL = 2DL
[ From(ii)]
[1]
43
X Std.

4 Mark (Section D)
1.
Given : Two triangles ABC and DEF such that ABC ~ DEF
To prove:
Area (ABC)
Area(DEF)
AB2
DE2
BC2
EF2
AC2
DF2
Construction : Draw ALBC and DM EF.
[1]
Proof: ABC ~ DEF

A = D, B=E C=F and
AB
DE
BC
EF
AC
DF
(i)
In ALB and DME

ALB = DME
B=E
[each 90]
[From (i)]
ALB ~ DME
[A. A. Similarity]
AL
AB
DM = DE .(ii)
[1]
From (i) and (ii) we get,

AB BC AC AL
=
=
=
DE DF DF DM
1
(BC AL)
Area (ABC)
= 2
1
Area(DEF)
2 (EF DM)
Area (ABC)
BC AL
=
Area(DEF)
EF DM
Area (ABC)
Area(DEF)
BCBC
EFEF
[1]
44
X Std.

Area (ABC)
Area(DEF)
But
BC
EF
BC2
2
EF
BC2
EF2
AB
AC
= DE = DF
Therefore
AB2
DE
AC2
[1]
DF2
Area (ABC)
Area(DEF)
AB2
DE2
BC2
EF2
AC2
DF2
2.
Given : A triangle ABC in which PQBC and BC = 3PQ.

In PQR and CBR,
PQR = CBR
[Pair of alternate angles]
QPR = BCR
[Pair of alternate angles]
PQR ~ CBR
[A.A. similarity]
Area(PQR)
=
Area(CBR)
Area(PQR)
PQ2
(PQ)2
(3PQ)2
Area(PQR)
Area(CBR)
[1]
CB2
=
Area(CBR)
[1]
[BC = 3PQ]
[1]
[1]
45
X Std.
3.
Given : A ABC in which, DEBC intersects AB in D and AC in E.

AD
To prove :
DB
AE
EC
Construction: Join BE,CD and draw EF BA and DGCA

1
Proof: Area of ( ) = 2 b h =
1
Area of ( ) = b h =
Area()
=
Area(DBE)
1
AD EF
2
1
DB EF
2
1
AE DG
2
1
EC DG
2
AD
DB
1
2
AD EF
DB EF
(i)
[1]
(ii)
[1]
Similarly,
Area()
Area(DEC)
AE
EC
But and DEC are on the same base DE and between same parallels DE and BC
Area (DBE) = Area (DEC)
1
Area (DBE)
Area()
Area (DBE)
AD
DB
=
=
[1]
1
Area (DEC)
Area()
Area (DEC)
AE
EC
[multiplying both sides by Area()]

[From (i) and (ii)]
[1]
46
X Std.
4.
Given : A ABC such that AB2 + BC2 = AC2

To prove: ABC is a right angled triangle.
Construction : Construct a DEF such that DE = AB , EF = BC and Such that E = 90
[1]
Proof : In DEF, DF 2 = DE2 + EF 2

DF 2 = AB2 + BC2
[ By construction DE = AB , EF = BC]
DF 2 = AC2
[AB2 + BC2 = AC2 ]
DF = AC
(i)
[1]
In ABC and DEF

AB = DE, BC = EF
[By construction]
AC = DF
[ from (i)]
ABC DEF
[S.S.S. cong]
[1]
B = E = 90
[C.P.C.T]
[1]
Hence ABC is a right angled triangle.
5.
Let the diagonals of a rhombus intersect at O

Since ABCD is rhombus, AOB = BOC = COD = DOA = 90
and AO = CO , BO = OD
47
X Std.

Therefore AOB is right angled triangle tright angled at O
[1]
AB2 = OA2 + OB2

1
AB2 = (2 AC)2 + (2 BD)2
[Since OA = OC and OB = OD]
4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 ..(i)
[1]
Similarly we get,
4BC2 = AC2 + BD2 ..(ii)
4CD2 = AC2 + BD2 .(iii)
4AD2 = AC2 + BD2 (iv)
[1]
Adding (i), (ii) (iii) and (iv)

4AB2 + 4BC2 +4CD2 + 4AD2 = AC2 + BD2 + AC2 + BD2 + AC2 + BD2 + AC2 + BD2
4(AB2 + BC2 +CD2 + AD2 ) = 4(AC2 +BD2 )
[1]
Therefore, AB2 + BC2 +CD2 + AD2 = AC2 +BD2

6.
Given : Two triangles ABC and PQR such that ABC ~PQR and AD and PM are medians
To prove :
AB
PQ
AD
PM
Proof : since ABC ~PQR,

AB
PQ
AB
PQ
AB
PQ
=
=
=
BC
QR
(i)
[1]
2BD
2QM
BD
QM
.(ii)
In ABD and PQM
[1]
48
X Std.

AB
PQ
BD
[From (ii)]
QM
and B = Q
[Given]
ABD ~PQM
[S.A.S. similarity]
[1]
[By B.P.T]
[1]
Therefore
AB
PQ
AD
PM
7.
Given : In ABC, DEBC and AD:DB = 5 : 4.

To find :
AREA (DEF)
Area(CFB)
Solution: In ABC, DEBC

ADE = ABC and AED = ACB
In ADE and ABC
A = A
ADE = ABC
AED = ACB
ADE ~ ABC
AD
AB
AD
DB
DB
AD
DB
AD
DE
AD
AB
AD
[1]
BC
+1 =
DB+AD
[corresponding angles]
4
5
+1
4+5
5
AD
AB
5
9
[1]
49
X Std.

DE
BC
5
9
In DFE and CFB,

1 = 3
2 = 4
DFE ~ CFB
Area(DFE)
[1]
DE2
=
Area (CFB)
BC2
Area(DFE)
52
=
Area (CFB)
[Alternate angles]
[V.O.A]
[A. A. similarity]
92
25
81
[1]
52
X Std.
Introduction to Trigonometry Frequent SA 1 Questions
Topic : Introduction to Trigonometry
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. Find the value of 2 sin2 30 3cos2 45 + tan2 60
1
2. Find the value of A and B if Sin(A B) = 2 and Cos(A + B) = 1/2

3. Find the value of tan15. tan25. tan30. tan65. tan75
4. If Sec5A = cosec(A 36). Find the value of A.
5. If A + B + C = 180, then prove that cos
B+C
2
= Sin 2 .
2 Mark (Section- B)
1. Prove that sin6 + cos6 = 1 3sin2 cos2
2. Prove:
1
cosecAcotA
1
sinA
1
sinA
1
cosecA+cotA
3. If tanA = 1 and tanB = 3, then find the value of cosA. cosB sinA. sin
5
1tan
4. Given, sec = 4, find the value of 1+tan

5. Is it correct that secA =
12
5
for some angle A.
3 Mark (Section- C)
1. Prove that
sincos+1
sin+cos1
2. Find the value of
3. Find the value of
1
sectan
cos45
sec30+cosec30
cos70
sin20
cos55.cosec35
tan5.tan25.tan45.tan65.tan85
4. Prove that (sec 2 + cosec 2 ) = tan + cot

5. If sin + cos = 2sin(90 ). Find the value of
53
X Std.
Introduction to Trigonometry Frequent SA 1 Questions

4 Mark (Section- D)
1. Prove :
tan2
tan2
cos ec2
sec2 cos ec2
1
sin2
cos2
2. Solve the following equation for 0 < 90: 3 tan + cot = 5 cosec .
3. Solve for :
cos2 3 cos +2
sin2
= 1, ( 0)
4. If cosec sin = a, sec cos = b, prove that a2b2 (a2+b2+3)=1

5. Prove that (
sec2 cos2
) sin2 cos 2 =
cosec2 sin2
1sin2 cos2
2+sin2 cos2
54
X Std.
Introduction to Trigonometry - Frequent SA 1 Solutions
marks in SA1.
Topic : Introduction to Trigonometry
1 Mark (Section- A)
1. 2 sin2 30 3cos2 45 + tan2 60
1 2
= 2 (2) 3 ( ) + (3)
[1/2]
= + 3 = 2 Ans.
[1/2]
2. sin(A B) = 2
sin(A B) = sin30
A B = 30 ______________(1)
Also, cos(A + B) =
[1/2]
1
2
cos(A + B) = cos60
A + B = 60_______________(2)
On solving eqn.(1) and eqn.(2), A = 45 and B =15
3. tan15. tan25. tan30. tan65. tan75
= tan15. tan75. tan25. tan65. tan30
(rearranging the terms)
= tan15. tan(90 15) . tan25. tan(90 25) tan30
= tan15. cot15. tan25. cot25 tan30
= tan15.
= 1 1
=
1
tan15
1
. tan25.
[1/2]
[1/2]
tan25 3
1
3
4. Sec5A = cosec(A 36)

As, we know sec = cosec(90 )
So, Sec5A = Cosec(90 5A)
[1/2]
Hence, Cosec(90 5A) = Cosec(A 36)

90 5A = A 36
6A = 90 + 36
A = 21 Ans.
[1/2]
55
X Std.
5. We know that, Sin = cos(90 )
cos
B+C
= sin (90
B+C
2
sin(180BC)
[1/2]
= sin
[1/2]
2 Mark (Section- B)
1. Using the identity:
(a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
a3 + b3 = (a + b)3 3ab(a + b)_______(1)
[1]
Let, sin2 = a and cos2 = b

Substituting the value of a and b in eqn.(1), we get
sin6 + cos6 = (sin3 )2 + (cos3 )2
= (sin2 + cos2 )3 3sin2 cos2 (sin2 + cos2 )
= 1 3sin2 cos2
[sin2 + cos2 = 1]
[1]
2. Taking LHS,
1
cosecAcotA
sinA
cosA
sinA sinA
1
sinA
sinA
1cosA
1
sinA
sin2 A1+cosA
sinA(1cosA)
=
=
cosAcos2 A
sinA(1cosA)
cosA(1cosA)
sinA(1cosA)
= cotA
[1]
Taking RHS,
1
1
1
1
1
sinA
1 + cosA sin2 A
=
1
cosA sinA 1 + cosA
sinA cosecA + cotA sinA
sinA(1 + cosA)
+
sinA sinA
cosA(1+cosA)
sinA(1+cosA)
= cot A
[1]
Hence proved.
3. If tanA = 1
A= 45
cosA =
1
2
and sinA =
Also, tanB = 3
1
2
56
X Std.

B=60
1
cosB = 2 and sinB =
3
2
So, cosA. cosB sinA. sinB =
[1]
1
2 2
1
2
3
2
13
22
[1]
4.
In ABC, AC2 = AB2 + BC2

AB2 = AC2 BC2
AB = 3k
3
From the figure, tan = 4

1tan
So
1+tan
14
3
1+4
1
4
7
4
[1]
[1]
5. Yes, as the value of secA is always greater than 1.
[2]
3 Mark (Section- C)
1.
sincos+1
sin+cos1
Dividing the numerator and denominator by cos
=
=
sincos+1
cos
sin+cos1
cos
tan1+sec
tan+1sec
tan+sec1
tansec+1
tan+sec(sec2 tan2)
tansec+1
(tan+sec)(sec+tan)(sectan)
tansec+1
[1]
57
X Std.
((tan+sec)(1sec+tan))
= tan + sec =
=
2.
[1]
(tansec+1)
(tan+sec)(tansec)
(tansec)
= RHS
sectan
cos45
[1]
sec30+cosec30
Substituting the values we get,

1
=
=
2
2
+2
3
3
(2)(2+23)
[1]
3(223)
(2)(2+23)(223)
3(223)
=(
=
3.
236
82
cos70
sin20
[1]
2)(412)
sin20
sin20
=1+
623
82
33
42
[1]
cos55.cosec35
[1]
tan5.tan25.tan45.tan65.tan85
cos55
)
sin35
tan5.tan25.tan45.cot25.cot5
cos55
)
cos55
tan45
=1+1 = 2
[cos70 = cos (90-20) = sin20]
[1]
[tan5 = cot5 and tan25 = cot25]
[1]
4. Taking LHS: (sec 2 + cosec 2 )

= (1
+ tan2 + 1
+ cot 2 )
[1]
2
+ cot 2
+ 2tancot
cot)2
= (tan +
= tan + cot = RHS
5. sin + cos = 2sin(90 )
sin + cos = 2cos
[sec = 1 + tan and cosec = 1 + cot ]
= tan2 + cot 2 + 2
tan2
[1]
[tancot = 1]
[1]
58
X Std.
sin = 2cos cos
[1]
sin = (2 1)cos
tan = (2 1)
1
[1]
cot = tan =
21
2+1
2+1
2+1
21
= 2 + 1 (After rationalising the denominator)
[1]
4 Mark (Section- D)
1. LHS
=
tan2
tan2 1
sin2
cos2
sin2
1
cos2
cosec2
sec2 cosec2
1
sin2
1
1
cos2 sin2
sin2
cos2
sin2 cos2
cos2
=
=
sin2
cos2
cos2
sin2 cos2
sin2
1
sin2
sin2 cos2
cos2 sin2
sin2 cos2
1
sin2
cos2 sin2
sin2 cos2
[2]
cos2
sin2 cos2
sin2 +cos2
sin2 cos2
1
sin2 cos2
= R.H.S.
[2]
tan2
tan2 1
cosec2
sec2 cosec2
1
sin2 cos2
2. 3 tan + cot = 5 cosec

3 tan +
1
tan
= 5 cosec
3 tan + 1 = 5cosec tan

2
3 tan2 + 1 = 5
1
sin
sin1
cos
3tan2 + 1 = 5 sec
3 (sec2 - 1 )+1 = 5 sec
[2]
[tan2 = sec2 1]
59
X Std.

3 sec2 3 +1 = 5 sec
3sec2 -5sec 2 = 0
sec =
525+24
6
sec = 2 or
As, sec
57
6
3
3
(as -1 < cos < 1) = 60 for 0< 90
Hence, sec = 2
[2]
3.
cos2 3cos+2
=1
sin2
1sin2 3 cos +2
sin2
sin2 3 cos +3
sin2
=1
[1]
=1
-sin2 3cos + 3 = sin2

2sin2 3cos =-3[2]
2(cos2 -1) -3cos =-3
2cos2 -2 3cos = -3
2cos2 + 1-3cos =0
2cos2 - 3cos +1 =0
398
cos =
So, cos = 1 or 1/2, = 90 or 60

But 90 will not satisfy the equation, hence = 60
[1]
31
31
[1]
= 2 or 1
[1]
4. L.H.S
= a2b2 (a2+b2+3)
= (cosec sin )2 (sec - cos )2 [(cosec sin )2 + (sec cos )2 +3]
= (cosec sin )2 (sec - cos )2 [cosec2 + sin2 -2 cosec sin +sec2 +cos2 2sec cos +3]
= (cosec sin )2 (sec cos )2 [cosec2 + 1-2 + sec2 2+3]
= (cosec sin )2 (sec cos )2 (cosec2 + sec2 )
[2]
2
= (sin sin ) (cos cos) (sin2 + cos2)

= (
1sin2
sin2
cos2
) (
1cos2
sin2
cos
2
) (
1
sin2+cos2
sin2 cos2
= ( sin ) ( cos ) (sin2 cos2)
60
X Std.

=
cos4
sin2
sin4
cos2
1
sin2 cos2
=1
= R.H.S
[2]
5. Taking LHS,
1
1
( 2
+
) sin2 cos2
2
2
sec cos cosec sin2
cos2
sin2
=(
+
) sin2 cos2
1 cos4 1 sin4
cos2 cos2 sin4 +sin2 sin2 cos4
) sin2 cos2
(1+cos2 )sin2 (1+sin2 )cos2
=(
=
[2]
1 cos2 sin2 (cos2 + sin2 )

1 + cos2 + sin2 + cos2 sin2
1sin2 cos2
2+sin2 cos2
= RHS. Hence proved
[2]
62
X Std.
Statistics Frequent SA 1 Questions
Topic: Statistics
Weight age of marks: 17
1 Mark (Section- A)
1) Find the class marks of class 35 - 55
2) Find the mode of the following data: 120, 110, 130, 110, 120, 140, 130, 120, 140, 120.
3) If the mode of the data 3, 5, 8, 9, 8, 12, 7, 12 and x is 8, find the value of x.
4) If the mode of distribution is 8 and its mean is also 8, then find the median.
2 Mark (Section- B)
1) Find the mode of the following distribution of marks obtained by 80 students:
Marks obtained
No. of student
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
06
10
12
32
20
2) Given below is a frequency distribution table showing daily income of 50 workers of a factory:
Daily income 200-250
250-300
300-350
of Workers
(in Rs)
Number of
60
10
12
workers
Change this table to a less than type cumulative frequency table.
350-400
400-450
08
14
3) The following table shows the weight of the bags of 12 students:

Weight (kg)
Number of students
Find the mean weight.
67
4
70
3
72
2
73
2
75
1
4) The following data gives the distribution of total household expenditure (in rupees) of manual
workers in a city:
Expenditure (Rs)
1000-1500
1500-2000
2000-2500
2500-3000
Frequency
24
40
33
28
Expenditure (Rs)
3000-3500
3500-4000
4000-4500
4500-5000
Frequency
30
22
16
7
63
X Std.
Find the average expenditure which is being done by the maximum number of manual workers.
Mark (Section- C)
1) Find the mean of the following distribution, using step deviation method:
Class
Frequency
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
07
12
13
10
08
2) In a study on asthmatic patients, the following frequency distribution was obtained. Find average
(mean) age at the detection.
Age at detection (in years)
Number of patients
0-9
12
10-19
25
20-29
13
30-39
10
40-49
5
3) Find the median of the following frequency distribution table:

Marks
No. of student
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
05
08
06
10
06
05
4) Find the value of x and y if the total frequency and the median of the following data are 100 and
525, respectively.
Class
interval
Frequency
0100100 200
2
5
200300
x
300400
12
400500
17
500600
20
600700
y
700800
9
800900
7
9001000
4
64
X Std.

4
Mark (Section- D)
1) The median of the following data is 50. Find the values of p and q if the sum of all the frequencies
is 90.
Marks
No. of student
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
p
15
25
20
q
08
10
2) During the medical check-up of the 35 students of a class their weights were recorded as follows:
Weight in KG
No. of student
38-40
03
40-42
02
42-44
04
44-46
05
46-48
14
48-50
04
50-52
03
Draw a less than type ogive for the above data.
3) Find the median and mode of the following data and then find the mean from the empirical
relationship between them:
Class interval
Frequency
0-20
20-40
40-60
60-80
80-100
100-120
120-140
6
8
10
12
6
5
3
4) The following distribution gives the marks obtained, out of 200, by the students of class IX in their
class test:
Marks
0-25 25-50
Number of
10
15
Students
Find the mean and mode of data.
50-75
22
75-100
30
100-125
28
125-150
27
150-175
12
5) Find the mean marks of students from the following cumulative frequency distribution:
175-200
6
65
X Std.
Marks
0 and above
10 and above
20 and above
30 and above
40 and above
50 and above
Number of
students
80
77
72
65
55
43
Marks
60 and above
70 and above
80 and above
90 and above
100 and above
Number of
students
28
16
10
8
0
6) The mean of the following frequency table is 50. But the frequencies f 1 and f2 in class 20-40 and
60-80 are missing. Find the missing frequencies.
Class
Frequency
0-20
17
20-40
F1
40-60
32
60-80
F2
80-100
19
Total
120
7) The distribution below gives the marks of 100 students of a class.

Marks
0-5
5-10
10-15
15-20
20-25
25-30
30-35 35-40
No. of Students
4
6
10
10
25
22
18
5
Draw a less than type and a more than type ogive from the given data. Obtain the median mark from
the graph.
66
X Std.
Statistics Frequent SA 1 Solutions
on CBSE marking scheme. Practice to solve the solutions in the following pattern to score maximuam
marks in SA1.
Topic : Statistics
1 Mark (Section- A)
1) C.M =
35 55 90
45
2
2
[1]
2) The mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data
Therefore, mode = 120
[1]
3) 8 is the mode of the data. 12 occurs 2 times in the data. If 8 is the mode, then the value of
x is 8 such that 8 occurs 3 times in the data.
[1]
4) 3 median= mode + 2 mean
3 median =8+2(8)
8 16
Median =
3
24
8
=
3
[1/2]
[1/2]
2 Mark (Section- B)
1)
[1/2]
Marks Obtained
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
Modal class = 30-40
No. of students
06
10
12
32
20
f1 f 0
h
2 f1 f 0 f 2
Mode = l+
[1/2]
l = 30
h = 10
f1 =32
f0 =12
f2 =20
32 12
10
Mode = 30+
232 12 20
20
Mode = 30 + 10
32
Mode = 30+6.25
[1/2]
67
X Std.
Mode = 36.25
[1/2]
2)
[2]
Daily income of workers (in
Rs.)
200-250
250-300
300-350
350-400
400-450
Number of Workers
Less than cumulative frequency
60
10
12
08
14
60
70
82
90
104
3)
[1/2]
Weight (kg)(x)
67
70
72
73
75
Mean X
Number of Students (f)

4
3
2
2
1
xf
f
=
12
843
12
= 70.25
4)
xf
268
210
144
146
75
xf
843
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
[1/2]
Expenditure (Rs)
Frequency
1000-1500
24
1500-2000
40
2000-2500
33
2500-3000
28
3000-3500
30
3500-4000
22
4000-4500
16
4500-5000
7
We have to find the mode of the following data.
Modal class is 1500-2000
f1 f 0
h
2 f1 f 0 f 2
Mode =l +
l = 1500
h = 40
f1 =24
[1/2]
68
X Std.
f0 =33
f2 =500
40 24
500
Mode = 1500+
240 24 33
[1/2]
16
1500 500
23
=1500+347.83
=1847.83
[1/2]
3
Mark (Section- C)
1) Let the assumed mean, a be 25.

h=10
Class
Frequency
xi
(fi)
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
07
12
13
10
08
f 50
f u
X a h
f
[1/2]
[1]
5
15
25
35
45
di=xi-a
ui
-20
-10
0
10
20
-2
-1
0
1
2
xi a
h
fiui
-14
-12
0
10
16
fu
i i
Mean =
[1/2]
0
25 10
50
[1/2]
= 25 + 0
= 25
[1/2]
2)
Let the assumed mean, a be 24.5
Age at
detection
(in years)
0-19
10-19
10-29
30-39
40-49
Age at
detection (In
years)
-0.5-9.5
9.5-19-5
19.5-29.5
29.5-39.5
39.5-49.5
[1/2]
[1]
Number
of Class mark
patients (fi)
(xi)
di=xi-a=xi24.5
fidi
12
25
13
10
5
-20
-10
0
10
20
-240
-250
0
100
100
4.5
14.5
24.5
34.5
44.5
i
65
f d
i
290
69
X Std.
Mean = X a
fd
f
i
24.5
[1/2]
290
65
[1/2]
= 24.5 - 4.46
= 20.04
[1/2]
3)
Marks
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
No. of students
5
8
6
10
6
5
[1]
Cumulative frequency
5
13
19
29
35
40
N=40
n
20
2
[1/2]
Here 30-40 is the class whose cumulative frequency 29 is greater than 20.
n
cf
Median = l 2
f
[1/2]
l = 30
n
20
2
Cf = 19
f = 10
h = 10
20 19
10
10
Median = 30
= 30+1
= 31
[1/2]
[1/2]
70
X Std.
4)
[1/2]
Class Intervals
Frequency
Cumulative Frequency
0-100
2
2
100-200
5
7
200-300
X
7+x
300-400
12
19+x
400-500
17
36+x
500-600
20
56+x
600-700
Y
56+x+y
700-800
9
65+x+y
800-900
7
72+x+y
900-1000
4
76+x+y
N = 100
76+x+y=100
x + y = 24
[1/2]
The median is 525. Therefore, the median class is 500-600 So, l = 500, f= 20, cf=36+x , h =100
n
cf
Median = l 2
f
[1/2]
50 35 x
525 500
100
20
[1/2]
525 500 = (14 - x) 5

25=70-5x
5x=70-25
5x=45
x=9
[1/2]
9 + y = 24
y = 15
[1/2]
Mark (Section- D)
1)
[1]
Marks
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
No of students
p
15
25
20
q
08
10
n=9
p
p+ 15
p+40
p+60
p+q+60
p+q+68
p+q+78
71
X Std.
p+q+78=90
p+q = 12
[1/2]
Median is 50
Therefore, the median class is 50-60 so, l= 50, f=20, cf= p+40, h=10.
n
cf
Median l 2
f
[1/2]
[1]
45 p 40
50 50
10
20
5 p
50 50
2
5 p
0
2
5p=0
p= 5
[1/2]
p + q = 12
5 + q= 12
q = 12 - 5 = 7
[1/2]
2)
[1]
Weight (in
No. of students
kg)
38-40
03
3
40-42
02
5
42-44
04
9
44-46
05
14
46-48
14
28
48-50
04
32
50-52
03
35
Draw a less than type ogive curve, by plotting the points (38,3), (42,9) (44,14)(46,28)(48,32) and
(50,35)
[1]
[2]
72
X Std.
3)
[1]
Class
Interval
0-20
20-40
40-60
60-80
80-100
100-120
120-140
Frequency
6
8
10
12
6
5
3
6
14
24
36
42
47
50
n = 50
n
25
2
This observation lies in the class 60-80
l = 60
cf = 24
f = 12
h = 20
n
cf
Median = l 2
f
25 24
60
20
12
[1/2]
= 60 + 1.667
= 61.67
[1/2]
Here, the maximum frequency is 12. The class corresponding to this frequency is 60-80.
l = 60
f1 = 12
f0 =10
f2 = 6
h = 20
f1 f 0
h
2 f1 f 0 f 2
Mode = l
[1/2]
12 10
20
60
212 10 6
60 5 65
Mode = 65
Median = 61.67
2 Mean = 3 Median Mode
2 Mean = 3 (61.67) 65
2 Mean = 185.01 65
Mean =
[1/2]
[1/2]
120.01
2
Mean = 60.005
[1/2]
73
X Std.
4)
Let the assumed mean be a = 87.5
[1]
Marks
Number of
Students (fi)
10
15
22
30
28
27
12
6
0-25
25-50
50-75
75-100
100-125
125-150
150-175
175-200
f d
i
xi
di=xi-87.5
fidi
12.5
37.5
62.5
87.5
112.5
137.5
162.5
187.5
-75
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
-750
-750
-550
0
700
1350
900
600
150
1500
Mean = X a
fd
f
i
[1]
1500
X 87.5
150
87.5 10
97.5
[1/2]
The highest frequency is 30. Hence the modal class is 75-100
f1 f 0
h
2 f1 f 0 f 2
Mode = l
[1]
l = 75
f1 = 30
f0 = 22
f2 = 25
h = 25
30 22
25
230 22 25
Mode 75
8
25
10
75 20
95
75
[1/2]
74
X Std.
5)
[2]
Marks
0-10
10-20
20-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-100
Number of students (fi)

3
5
7
10
12
15
12
6
2
8
fx
f
Mean= X
xi
5
15
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
fixi
15
75
175
350
540
825
780
450
170
760
f x
80
i i
4140
[1]
4140
80
51.75
[1]
6)
[1]
Class
0-20
20-40
40-60
60-80
80-100
Frequency(fi)
17
F1
32
F2
19
17+F1+32+F2+19=120
F1+F2+120-68
F1+F2=52
F2=52-F1 (1)
120
xi
10
30
50
70
90
xifi
170
30F1
1600
70F2
1710
x f
i
3480 30F1 70F2
[1/2]
X 50
X
x f
f
i
3480 30 F1 70 F2
50
120
6000 = 3480+30F1+70F2
6000 3480 = 30F1+70F2
2520 = 30F1 + 70F2
252 = 3F1+7F2
(2)
[1]
[1/2]
75
X Std.
Substitute (1) in (2)

252 = 3F1+7(52-F1)
252 = 3F1 +346-7F1
4F1 = 112
F1 = 28
[1/2]
F2 = 52-F1
= 52-28
= 24
[1/2]
7)
Marks
No of students
0-5
5-10
10-15
15-20
20-25
25-30
30-35
35-40
4
6
10
10
25
22
18
5
Less than cumulative

frequency
4
10
20
30
55
77
95
100
Draw the less than ogive curve by plotting the point

(5,4),(10,10),(15,20),(20,30)(25,55),(30,77),(35,95)(40,100)
[1]
More than cumulative
frequency
100
96
90
80
70
45
23
5
[1/2]
Draw the more than ogive curve by plotting the points (0,100),(5,96)(10,90),(15,80)(20,70),
(25,45),(30,23),(35,5)
[1/2]
[3/2]
Therefore, the median = 24.

[1/2]

X - Class Math - SAQ&A

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X Std.

UNIT I: NUMBER SYSTEMS

UNIT II: ALGEBRA

UNIT III: GEOMETRY

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UNIT IV: TRIGONOMETRY

UNIT V: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

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Real Number Frequent SA 1 Questions

Weight age of marks: 11

will have terminating or non-

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Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions

The denominator has only factor of 5 3125 will have terminating

= 105 = 0.00416 So, after 5 decimal places the decimal expansion

4. Let = 0. 6 = 0.6666 . and 10 = 6.6666

Then 10 = 6.6666 0.6666 .

The prime factorisation of the denominator is 100 = 2 5

7. Let 56 be a rational number

where , are integers and (, ) = 1

We know that 6 is irrational. Since , are integers 5 is rational.

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Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions

5. Let be a positive integer divisible by 5. Then there exists , such that

6. Let 3 be a rational number.

( and are integers and (, ) = 1 i.e, thet are co-prime)

On squaring both sides 3 = 2

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Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions

7. Let be any positive integer, = 3, so = 0, 1, 2

Let 125 + 29 be a rational number

Then 125 + 29 = where , are integers and (, ) = 1

We know that 5 is irrational LHS = irrational

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is rational RHS = rational

Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions

125 + 29 is an irrational number. i,e (3 + 25)2 is an irrational number

6. 6 , being a natural number can be written as 6 = (2 3)

7. By the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, every composite number can be expressed as a

= 22.5 which is not an integer.

Then 1 + + 1 = where , are integers and (, ) = 1

Adding (i) and (ii) we get

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Real Numbers Frequent SA 1 Solutions

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Questions

Weight age of marks : 10

1 Mark each (Section- A)

respectively, then the

1) Find the zeroes of the polynomial x3- 7x + 6.

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Questions

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Solutions

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Solutions

4) Let and be the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Solutions

Substitute (1) and (2) in (3)

4) Let , and v be the zeroes of the cubic polynomial.

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Polynomials Frequent SA 1 Solutions