Should animals be used for research?

Since many decade animals have been used in research specifically for testing and
developing new methods for disease treatment. It is necessary to use the animals in research
because without animal experiments, disease like heart bypass surgery, organ transplants,
cervical cancer, and vaccines for polio would not have been developed. Animal usage provide
us safer methods for treatments, because it is the only accurate way of learning the human
body without harming the human. Although many people argue that scientists and researcher
are putting animal lives at risk, but fact is that human lives are more valuable than animal
lives. On the basis of emotional attachment we might fell guilt for harming the animal, but
thinking about how many human lives have been saved from animal testing that make it
valuable/worth able for animal. Animal usage in testing helped develop new medicine. Even
we can look on the history that all the Nobel Prize holder have used animal-testing. It look on
the history, the Enderss Group (Nobel Prize 1954) who work on poliomyelitis, to develop
polio-vaccine, used mice and monkey, and considered the mind-blowing research on polio.
Later after 2 years Sabin developed polio-vaccine also used 133 human volunteers, 9000
monkeys, and 150 chimpanzees. Supervise thing is that, because of this extensive polioresearch, many lives have been saved. Even WHO (World Health Organization) writes in its
fact sheet that Sabins polio-vaccine has saved 10 million people from becoming paralyzed
and prevented 1.5 child lives. This polio-research has clearly benefitted great mass of human,
which only became possible through animal testing.
Along with help in gin medicine, animal usage in research can reduce risk of mass-poisoning
as well. Few years back there was one drug with the name of Sulphanilamide, used for
streptococcal infections. It was available in tablet and powder format, but S.E Massengill
Company of Bristol wanted to develop a liquid form, and developed that its chemical a

physical properties are satisfactory. They did not test it before introducing in market. Even
though it is toxic, resultantly 105 people died. Have its toxicity was observed and death
prevented? No at all. Because of this usage of animal decrease the risk relate to and test.
Animal Right Organization claimed that animal testing is not morally acceptable. Many
animal suffer and die due to tight scientific experiments, we create a moral question on this
act. Animal-Right Organization claimed that it is really an unethical practice that you are
cruelly killing an innocent animal just for you benefits. It is has been seen that many research
laugh as they use chemicals to kill the mice. No doubt there are lot of moral arguments
against animal usage in research.
So many legislative laws has been implemented in different countries that no one is allowed
to use animal in research until and unless no other method is applicable. These permission is
allowed when higher authority governed it. Many institution are following the three Rs;
Replacing, Reducing and Retaining, to use animal in research. We have to analyse and assess
exactly how animal will suffer, what types of animal can be used, and how many numbers are
there. Along with that cost and benefit of animal usage in research must be analysed.
Currently countries are trying to govern usage of animal as best as possible, so that
unnecessary suffering of animals could be reduced.
No doubt in a perfect or ideal world, no animal would be used for research testing. However,
until animal can be fully replaced as test-subjects, there must be good alternatives. To assess
the toxicity of drugs in an effective way, it is really important to know how the drug behave
in complex systems. It is not the difference in human and animals who have helped in
develop new medicine, but the similarities among both have made it possible to use animal as
an alternative for human. Researchers can carried out different investigation mathematically
but when it comes to drug testing then animal is only the best choice we have.

So we can conclude that, we can use animal for research testing, until there are best
alternatives available. It will be very costly if we will eliminate animals from the research.
No doubt moral concerns are important but not ignored. Just think how many benefits we
have today thanks to biological experiment which were held in the last years. Today many
people are happy because of available vaccine, who was tested on animals. All is important
now is that all animal testing should be provided with safe technologies, as the life of animal
must be respected. In future Animal right organization must promote alternative methods of
research.

References
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Quimby, F. "Contributions to veterinary medicine from animl research ." Applied Animal Behaviour
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Sabin, A.B. "Present status of attenuated live virus poliomyelities vaccine. ." Journal of the American
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Wax, P.M. "Elixirs, diluents, and the passahe of the 1938 federal food, drug and cosmetic act. ."
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