Table of Contents

PROCEDURE............................................................................................................... 1
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)................................................................................ 8
WORKBOOK................................................................................................................ 9
QUESTIONS............................................................................................................... 11
DISCUSSIONS........................................................................................................... 13

PROCEDURE

1. Aspen HYSYS was opened and New Case was selected.

2. Component List was clicked and Ammonia and Water were added into the Component List.

3. Peng-Robinson fluid package was selected as basis.

4. Simulation was clicked and Palette appeared. Cooler was added into flowsheet.

5. Data given for Cooler was filled in.

6. Control Valve was added into flowsheet.

7. Data given for Cooler was filled in.

8. Separator was added into flowsheet.

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9. Data given for Stream 5 Separator was filled in.

10. Data given for Stream 6 Separator was filled in.

11. Workbook was clicked and results obtained.

12. The results obtained will then be discussed in the discussion section and used to answer the
questions given.
13. Steps were repeated using PRSV fluid packages.

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)

Temperature
Pressure
Molar Flow

Stream 1
143.6
1034
4536

C
kPa
Kgmole/
Stream 4
h
Temperature
123.6
C
Pressure
1034
kPa
4536
Kgmole/h
E-100 Molar Flow
V-100
DUTY
6.120e+00
kJ/h
Seperator
6Separator Type
Vessel Temperature
123.6
C
Feed Temperature
143.6
C
Vessel
Pressure
1034
kPa
Product
140.1
C
Duty
0.0000
kJ/h
Temperature
Liquid Molar Flow
174.1
kgmole/h
Stream 5
Stream
2
Temperature
123.7
C
Temperature
140.1
C
Pressure
1034
kPa
Pressure
1724
kPa
Molar Flow
4427
Kgmole/h
Stream4536
3
Stream 6
Molar Flow
Kgmole/h
DUTY
6.120e+006
Temperature Kj/h
123.7
C
Pressure
1034
kPa
VLV-100
Molar Flow
109.1
Kgmole/h
Feed Pressure
1724
kPa
Product Pressure
1034
kPa
Molar flow
4536
kgmole/h

WORKBOOK

1. Workbook for Peng-Robinson fluid packages:

2. Workbook for PRSV fluid packages:

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QUESTIONS

1. What is the temperature of the outlet stream of the condenser?

-

To condenser is 140.1 oC

2. What are the mole fractions for ammonia and water in the vapor and liquid stream of the
separator?
-

In the vapor stream, mole fraction of ammonia is 0.8238 while mole fraction of water is

0.1762.
In the liquid stream, mole fraction of ammonia is 0.2042 while mole fraction of water is
0.7958.

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3. Determine the mass flow rate for each outlet stream of the separator.
-

Mass flowrate in vapor stream of separator is 7.616 x 10 4 kg/h while in liquid stream is
1944 kg/h.

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DISCUSSIONS

Lab 1 is a separation of the mixture of ammonia and water by using condenser, control
valve and separator. Besides to understand the concept and the separation process of ammonia
and water. Based on the question that we have obtain, we can summarize the process. A
mixture of ammonia and water at 143.6 oC and 1724 kPa containing 80 wt% ammonia is passed
through a condenser at a flow rate of 4536 kgmole/hr. Heat is removed at a rate of 1700 kW.
The pressure at the outlet stream is then reduced to 1034 kPa by using a valve. The mixture is
then fed into a flash vessel to separate the vapor and liquid. This process of Separation of
Ammonia and Water, involved many unit operation and equipment such as condenser, control
valve, and separator.

There are 3 equipment used in this experiment which are condenser, control valve and a
separator. The first is the condenser. Condenser involve heat transfer process. It is a device that
is use to condense a substance from gas to liquid state by cooling it. In HYSYS, it is known as
cooler and is use to determine the energy required to cool a process stream. It is one-sided heat
exchanger. The latent heat that is release by substance then is transfer to the condenser
coolant. In this experiment, heat that is release is 1700 kW.

A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid by opening or
closing various passageways. The HYSYS valve operation model control valves very
realistically. Valve is a basic building block in HYSYS. A valve is a device that regulates, directs
or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or
partially obstructing various passageways. The direction of flow through a valve is dependent on
the pressures of the surrounding unit operations. The total valve pressure drop refers to the total
pressure difference between the inlet stream pressure and the exit stream pressure.

Basically, separation process occurs in separator. The working principle is separate to

component based on their boiling point. A component that has lower boiling point will vaporized
first and exit through overhead stream while component with high boiling point exit at the bottom
of the separator. It is work by application and removal of heat to exploit differences in relative
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volatility. The separation process can be defined as stripping or distillation process which
consists of separating fluid components of different boiling point or vapor pressure. Distillation is
probably the most widely used in separation process in the chemical and allied industries. The
separation of liquid mixtures by distillation depends on differences in volatility between the
components. The greater the relative volatilities, the easier the separation process. In this
experiment, the heat causes ammonia which is component that has lower boiling points and
high volatility to be vapourised with its mole fraction 0.8238, leaving water that has high boiling
point and low volatility as a liquid with mole fraction 0.7958.

In this experiment, fluid packages used in this lab are Peng-Robinson and PRSV. PengRobinson is most enhanced model in Aspen HYSYS. It has the largest applicability range in
terms of temperature and pressure and has special treatment for some key components. It also
has the largest binary interaction parameter database. Based on the results obtain, a valve is
required to expand the pressure of effluent of the condenser because the feed is in the mixture
of liquid and gases. Hence, to substitute the function of expander, it is suitable tu use valve. The
outlet pressure of the valve must be 1034 kPa because it is the required pressure needs to be
expanding before the mixture of ammonia and water enters the flash vessel.

PRSV is modified PR model. PRSV has better representation of vapor pressure of pure
components and mixtures. Extend the applicability of the original PR model to moderately nonideal systems. Different result obtained by using different fluid package. The different can be
seen at workbook part. By referring to the results obtain, the values of molar flowrates, mass
flowrates, mole fractions of the vapor and liquid outlet streams, and the value of heat flow are
slightly difference with the results obtaining by using Peng-Robinson. Thus, it is suitable by
using either Peng-Robinson or PRSV as a fluid packages as the results are not significant
bacause it was almost accurate. The outlet temperature of separator is almost the same for both
fluid packages which is Peng-Robinson is 123.6 oC while PSRV is 123.7 oC.

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