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Decrypting TLS Browser Traf c With Wireshark The

Easy Way!
Intro
Most IT people are somewhat familiar with Wireshark. It is a tra c analyzer, that helps you learn how networking works, diagnose problems and
much more.
converted by Web2PDFConvert.com
One of the problems with the way Wireshark works is that it cant easily analyze encrypted tra c, like TLS. It used to be if you had the private
key(s) you could feed them into Wireshark and it would decrypt the tra c on the y, but it only worked when using RSA for the key exchange
mechanism. As people have started to embrace forward secrecy this broke, as having the private key is no longer enough derive the actual session
key used to decrypt the data. The other problem with this is that a private key should not or can not leave the client, server, or HSM it is in. This
lead me to coming up with very contrived ways of man-in-the-middling myself to decrypt the tra c(e.g. sslstrip or mitmproxy).
Session Key Logging to the Rescue!

Well my friends Im here to tell you that there is an easier way! It turns out that Firefox and Chrome both support logging the symmetric session
key used to encrypt TLS tra c to a le. You can then point Wireshark at said le and presto! decrypted TLS tra c. Read on to learn how to set this
up.
Setting up our Browsers

We need to set an environmental variable.
On Windows:
Go into your computer properties, then click Advance system settings then Environment Variables
Add a new user variable called SSLKEYLOGFILE and point it at the location that you want the log le to be located at.
On Linux or Mac OS X:
1
$ export SSLKEYLOGFILE=~/path/to/sslkeylog.log
You can also add this to the last line of your

1
~/.bashrc
on Linux, or
1
~/.MacOSX/environment
on OS X so that it is set every time you log in.

The next time that we launch Firefox or Chrome they will log your TLS keys to this le.
Edit: If you are having trouble getting it to work on OS X take a look at the comments below. It seems that Apple has changed how environmental
variables work in recent versions of OS X. Try launching refox and wireshark within the same terminal window with,
1
2
3
# export SSLKEYLOGFILE=/Users/username/sslkeylogs/output.log
# open -a firefox
# wireshark
Thanks Tomi for sharing this.
Setting up Wireshark
You need at least Wireshark 1.6 for this to work. We simply go into the preferences of Wireshark
Expand the protocols section:
Browse to the location of your log le
The Results
This is more along the lines of what we normally see when look at a TLS packet,
This is what it looks like when you switch to the Decrypted SSL Data tab. Note that we can now see the request information in plain-text! Success!
Conclusion
I hope you learned something today, this makes capturing TLS communication so much more straightforward. One of the nice things about this
setup is that the client/server machine that generates the TLS tra c doesnt have to have Wireshark on it, so you dont have to gum up a clients
machine with stu they wont need, you can either have them dump the log to a network share or copy it o the machine and reunite it with the
machine doing the packet capture later. Thanks for stopping by!
References:
Mozilla Wiki
Imperial Violet
jSSLKeyLog
Photo Credit: Mike
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TLS Myths
What cipher suites does my browser support?
86 thoughts on Decrypting TLS Browser Traf c With Wireshark The Easy Way!
John says:
February 12, 2015 at 6:57 am
Awesome article. Thanks for sharing this tip.
Reply
Alexandru Ionica says:

Awsome
Reply
rstpresCharles says:
I am using Wireshark 1.12, FIrefox 35.0.1 and Windows 7. I can see my SSL/TLS secrets being populated in my log le, but I am not getting the
Decrypted SSL Data tab. Any thoughts on what I may be doing wrong?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

And you have lled out the (Pre)-Master-Secret log lename eld in your preferences? Be aware that Wireshark might be sni ng tra c
that is not sent by the con gured browser, e.g. a background application on the same system might be reaching out over TLS and wouldnt
be logging its keys. It will only show that tab for tra c it can decrypt. Filter out information so that you are only looking at the
communication that you are relatively certain is coming from the browser.
Reply
I double checked that Wireshark is pointed at the log le. I shut down everything else and used the far side IP address to con rm
which tra c I was viewing. I will need to keep digging.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

The other thing to mention is that a lot of the data is still either gzipped or binary data like images, so it may appear obscured.
But you should still get the tab, in any case.
Reply
Wayne O says:
He did say in the article that You need at least Wireshark 1.6 for this to work.. If you are using 1.12, it may not work.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

Yeah but I think under their versioning scheme, 1.6 = 1.06 and therefor is older than 1.12.
Reply
Micheal says:
July 7, 2016 at 10:50 am
When you look at the packets, you will need to check for a server key exchange packet.Apparently wireshark cannot decrypt ephemeral
di e-hellman encrypted data. So if you see a packet that says server key exchange, thats probably what is happening.unless im wrong.
Please let me know if i am.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

July 9, 2016 at 6:40 am
Yeah that is incorrect. Wireshark cant decrypt it if you give it the RSA private key of the server, but the keys that I log in the article
are symmetric keys generated during key exchange. The whole point of doing this is so that you can decrypt tra c using both RSA,
DH and DHE key exchange.
Reply
Micheal says:
July 9, 2016 at 7:37 am
How are you sending the DH/DHE key to wire shark to decrypt the TLS tra c?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

July 9, 2016 at 9:20 am
If you have con gured everything right( i.e. keys are being logged to the le) and still seeing encrypted TLS tra c then it
is tra c not coming from your browser.
Donnie Shi says:

July 25, 2016 at 10:56 pm
Hi bro, I suggest you to try another way. Right click one TLS packet(Such as Client Hello), then click Follow SSL stream. Then you can see the
decrypted plain-text data. Make sure that you imported the key log le correctly.
Reply
Wireshark and TLS says:

February 12, 2015 at 12:03 pm
This guy had the same problem:
https://ask.wireshark.org/questions/30290/decrypting-tls_ecdhe_rsa_with_aes_128_cbc_sha-and-tls_ecdhe_rsa_with_aes_128_gcm_sha256-usingsslkeylog le
Although he eventually gured it out, he used a slightly older version than yours. Maybe you need to tweak compile options and recompile.
It probably has something to do with forward secrecy. Perhaps its not supported in your version. If you visit a site that isnt using FS:
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246
You should be able to decrypt this in Wireshark.
Actually it might be the mode of operation for the block cipher thats the problem. Old versions dont support GCM. But you are using 1.12
Reply
Thank you for the pointers. I cycled through the security.tls.version.max options as you suggested and con rmed in the captures that the
encryption protocol used was changing accordingly. Unfortunately, I am still not getting the Decrypted SSL Data tab, even when going to the
IETF site you listed. I found some additional information here http://wiki.wireshark.org/SSL, a wireshark -v on my system lists GnuTLS
3.2.15 and Gcrypt 1.6.2. I am using the latest stable version that comes in the Windows installer so I have whatever compile options that it is
built with. I will keep digging.
Reply
Papaia Antoniadis says:

Not sure why the log le doesnt get populated on my Mac set the variable:
$ set | grep SSLKEY
SSLKEYLOGFILE=/Users/papaia/SSLkeylogs/sslkeylog.log
and running FF 35.0.1 ???
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

Yeah I didnt actually get to test this on a Mac as I no longer own one. Looks like OS X did some redecorating recently with environmental
variables see this. Maybe it needs to be a system environmental variable on OS X?
Reply
Adam R says:
Use launchctl setenv SSLKEYLOGFILE=~/Users/papaia/SSLkeylogs/sslkeylog.log instead of export.
Reply
316214 says:
April 19, 2015 at 7:45 pm
launchctl setenv SSLKEYLOGFILE /Users/papaia/Desktop/sslkeylog.log
Reply
andy says:
April 5, 2016 at 8:25 pm
You can use EXPORT command to populate MacOSX environment variables you just have to sudo now.
Reply
Rick says:
May 4, 2016 at 10:21 am
Setting an environment variable with EXPORT will only apply to that session. Launching a browser or other web client outside of the
session will not have the environment variable set.
If using EXPORT to set SSLKEYLOGFILE, youll have to launch Firefox from the same session.
Reply
David says:
Any remotely recent version of Chrome will work just ne now. At the time of the cited blog post (look at the timestamp), the feature was new in
NSS had only hit dev channel.
Reply
guido (@pcapgeek) says:

Or use Cloudshark, just drag the key onto the web page and then hit decrypt. Its nice because I can let my IT minions debug pcaps without me
giving them the TLS keys to the kingdom!!! Course, Cloudshark isnt free like wireshark even though its based on it
Reply
s- says:
Thanks for the blog entry, much appreciated.
My question is, what bene t would one get by using Wireshark to MitM encrypted web tra c as opposed to BurpSuite?
(http://portswigger.net/burp/)
If there is no bene t, then probably BurpSuite is the easiest way.
Reply
Pedro Prez (@mobiplayer) says:

With Wireshark your not doing an active MiTM nor swapping certi cates. If youre troubleshooting an application that does certi cate
pinning you might prefer to use Wireshark
Reply
Pedro Prez (@mobiplayer) says:

s/your/youre. Sorry, it hurts my eyes as well
Reply
thomas says:
Great stu !
Reply
Mara says:
And you got the SSL line or its just the tab you cant see? I didnt see mine coz I was with a proxy. It seems it encapsulate https in http, so you cant
use it to spy on your mates (in this case, at least). Neither you can use it to see app/malware that use their own conection.
Id like to be give a practical exemple of how to use it.
Nice post, btw.
Reply
Mike says:
Can you think of a way to do the same with a mobile browser? Cant quite nd the same set of options for the mobile browsers.
Reply
JRV says:
I tried this on Linux Mint 17.1 and FF 35.0.1, double checked that the environmental variable has been set correctly, rebooted and reloaded this
page, but no sslkeylog.log was created. Is a speci c Linux distribution needed to make this work?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

Is the path that you are pointing at an absolute path that you would have write access to? For example /home/username/sslkeylog.log?
Reply
JRV says:
export says
declare -x SSLKEYLOGFILE=/home/jrv/sslkeylog.log
where jrv is my username and I have write access. More help would be appreciated.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

Hmmm. I dont have a (graphical) linux box close at hand. Ill test in a vm this weekend.
Reply
YoMammy says:
I ended up making the le beforehand and then running the export command and starting refox. Then I had content in my le (mint 17/
35)
Reply
meeee says:
Hi Jim,
This is a grate tutorial. I have just followed it and it works a treat.
Can I ask a question though.
Is there a way to copy/paste the ASCII from the Decrypted SSL Data tab?? The text is in a small column and would like to be able to copy it into
notepad.
Is this possible or am I missing something?
Thanks
Reply
Tomi says:
Great stu , thanks Jim!
I got my OS X working only when ring up all related processes using exactly same Terminal-window like this:
1. Open terminal
2. # export SSLKEYLOGFILE=/Users/username/sslkeylogs/output.log
3. # open -a refox
4. # wireshark
This worked for me.
Reply
UR says:
December 10, 2015 at 7:59 am
The SSLKEYLOGFILE was not being written a er following the above procedure. (Mac OS X Yosemite). I spent a few hours trying to gure
this out. The environment variable is being set right. Finally I realized that killing Firefox by clicking on the x (top le ) did not actually kill
refox process, I had to use force quit to kill Firefox. Once I did this and followed your procedure it worked ne. Thanks to Jim Shaver and
Tomi.
Thought this might save a few minutes for another developer.
Reply
Kishore says:
Thanks Jim!!
The sslkeylog le doesnt get populated for me. Is there another setting I need to do.
Reply
jim says:
I was hoping this was another Lenovo story
But this is more useful and less funny.
Reply
loolo78 says:
March 2, 2015 at 5:34 am
Ive been searching the entire internet for this answer! thank you dearly
Reply
loolo78 says:
March 2, 2015 at 6:01 am
How do I get the TLS key for other applications connections? I want to monitor a jar application right now, and it uses TLS.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

May 9, 2015 at 8:09 am
http://jsslkeylog.sourceforge.net/
Reply
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Ghazi Sarhan says:

May 5, 2015 at 3:01 am
Amazing, thanks
Reply
Andrew says:
May 27, 2015 at 3:57 pm
Amazing! (FF wants to be secure??)
Thanks for that info!
Does Wireshark continually read the le, seems FF adds more keys while opening new https-Pages.
I also miss the ssl-decode Tab (FF Ver 1.8.2, newest for Debian stable). But I have a Analyze->Follow SSL-Stream menu. Is that the same? In most
cases this opens an empty window (I think contents cant be decoded). Whats the purpose of Analyze->DecodeAs (SSL) ??
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

May 27, 2015 at 4:05 pm
Not all data can be decrypted using this method, o en times Wireshark sees more SSL/TLS data than what is just from Firefox. It continues
to read the le as I recall.
Reply
mike says:
May 28, 2015 at 11:30 am
I could really use some help here. I have some Wireshark packet captures saved on an external HD, I needed to decrypt the SSL. Where would I nd
the key to do this? UGH!!!!
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

May 28, 2015 at 3:00 pm
Yeah I bet. You and the NSA and every identity thief. Unfortunately if the keys are not dumped at the time that the tra c is sent there isnt a
way to decrypt it, that is the point of SSL/TLS. As mentioned early in the article, if you have the servers private key you can also feed that into
wireshark, and it may be able to decrypt the tra c, but this depends on many things, including the security of the key exchange method
negotiated between the browser and the server(RSA vs DH(E)) as well as availability of the private key to you.
Reply
Ole says:
June 26, 2015 at 8:07 am
How web browser and server know exactly what is the key used for their private communication? Dont they have to at least send this
information over once?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

June 26, 2015 at 8:47 am
That is what public key cryptography(TLS in this case) does. See this diagram for a decent explanation of how that works.
Reply
John says:
July 16, 2015 at 7:21 pm
What can you do to decrypt tra c from a Widows server making a H PS calls to another Windows server if it does not use Firefox or Chrome. For
instance I have a front end CRM server making a call out to a BizTalk server for a speci c URL using 443. I have the proper key from the BizTalk
server imported into my Wireshark but our users use IE not Chrome or Firefox and the CRM server making the call does not either so a sslkey le
does not help in my case or at least it seems from the post only Chrome or Firefox create the log le. We see intermittent issues are happening
between CRM and BizTalk over 443 and we are trying to nd out what is the cause, but our packet captures will not decrypt because of TLSv1 and
TLSv1.2 does not have the master key or some other constraint for decrypting. Surely someone has gured out how to decrypt SSL tra c from IE or
Windows.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

July 16, 2015 at 8:42 pm
If you wanted to use wireshark you could try loading the private key of the server into wireshark if you have access to it. But that will only
work if your BizTalk server is using RSA ciphers. If it really is H PS and not just something else over TLS then you may want to look into
SSLSpoof or SSLSplit which will allow you to Man in the middle the SSL connection, and if you do it correctly, pipe it into wireshark(I would
consider this the Hard way). Or use a tool like mitmproxy(for which I am a contributor) or Fiddler(more windows friendly) to analyze the
tra c. These tools are http(s) speci c analysis tools rather than a general network analysis tool. The only thing you really have to gure out
with these is how to pipe your CRMs tra c through the proxy and get the CRM system to trust the proxys certi cate.
Reply
John Peter says:

October 23, 2015 at 8:27 am
Hi, all this is great information!
In my log le I see only Client_Random not RSA output. Does that mean RSA is not used as method? I think this I why I dont see any
decrypted data tab. Appreciating your help:)
Reply
Mike says:
Try to resize your editor window so you see the hole key on one line. I thought this too, and then recognized that there are only a
few rsa keys if any. if you dont have any at all, try to capture a login on youtube or googledrive or something. then you should
have some rsa values.
Beware: if the selected cypher suite uses ephemeral modes of DH you will not have the needed keys in your log and will not be
able to decrypt your tra c. At least that#s what I have found out so far playing with this stu and searching the web
Hope this helps. Let me know if you nd better info than me
Reply
Mike says:
Does this still work? My variable does not get populated. Using Kubuntu 15.04 and Firefox 41.0.1 or Chromium 45.0.2454.101
Reply
Mike says:
Yes, it does I have to start the browser from the terminal, otherwise the keylog le stays empty. Now I have the problem, that I cannot see
the HTML body. The HTML header gets encrypted, but the rest of the package is still jiberish. Thanks for this nice tut. helped me out a lot
already
Reply
dhrubo says:
July 22, 2016 at 12:14 pm
I am having the same problem. Cant see the HTML body. Do you know if there is any way out?
Reply
gbajson says:
Thanks a lot for this very good article.
One question, how did you nd this SSLKEYLOGFILE variable? In FF sources?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

I think I had either seen it in the Wireshark docs, or on someone elses blog. But the format that it was in was so technical and opaque that I
thought I could do it better.
Reply
gbajson says:
Thanks!
Reply
Manyam says:
January 22, 2016 at 8:05 pm
Hi, I am struct at providing the pre-master-secret to Wireshark to decrypt the RSA Premaster key. I have the 48 bytes of pre-master-secret, but i
dont know in which format i have to give. Could some one please help me. Thanks!
Reply
Mike says:
January 31, 2016 at 8:53 pm
Cant get this to work now (it used to work before) Has anything changed with OSX 10.11.3, Firefox 44 or Chrome 48?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

Im sorry but I do not run OS X. I have heard that Apple has done some changes over the versions to how environmental variables. Take a look
through the rest of the comments, if that doesnt work you may have to do more research elsewhere.
Reply
Mike-anotherone:) says:
I had a the problem last week that would not write the keys into the sysvar. that happened a er an update. A er having that problem on
kubuntu and debian i gured it must have been an update of the kernel or something like that. One week later so today, i made another sysupdate and it works again so maybe youll just have to wait a few days until apple nds out that they killed the feature good luck!
Reply
adfsadf says:
April 20, 2016 at 4:18 pm
No luck with this method. I can get it to work as describe but it basically does the same as the Live H P Headers plugin for Firefox. You get to
see the headers.
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

April 20, 2016 at 4:22 pm
The headers are encrypted too, are you seeing session keys written to the le? A lot of the data may look like garbage, but that is because
most website data are binary images.
Reply
adfsadf says:
April 20, 2016 at 4:22 pm
I guess this is what you are supposed to get. But you go not get the decrypt tab
Reply
Ulrich says:
April 26, 2016 at 6:51 am
Great explanation, thanks so far.
But reading out until here, using all hints above, I was unable to get Firefox populating this sslkeylog le. I am using Win7 (64 Bit) and the current
Firefox version 45.0.2
The only hit I found was on https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/Key_Log_Format
saying that this feature is disabled in Firefox 48, which confused me totally, since we are currently on 45. Or do they have a time machine?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

April 26, 2016 at 8:08 am
Thanks for bringing this to my attention. I found the relevant bug associated with this and have added my comments. Anyone with strong
feelings on the matter should do the same.
https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1188657
Reply
Ulrich says:
April 26, 2016 at 9:07 am
Thanks for taking care of this. By the way, in the meantime I installed Chrome in parallell to Firefox and was also unable to populate the
ssl eylogile with it. Do you know whether the Chrome people removed this feature as well (although stated otherwise in the discussion you pointed
me to)?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

April 26, 2016 at 9:16 am
Not sure. I believe chrome was going to switch from NSS to OpenSSL(BoringSSL). If they have done that it would break this functionality.
Reply
Ankush says:
June 25, 2016 at 8:03 am
I am using rsa 2048 bits long key and certi cate in apache webserver. i am using key log le and debug le in SSL preferences and
setup the path to my generated private key.
Reply
Ankush says:
May 8, 2016 at 3:59 pm
Hello Jim,
I have my localhost running on Apache 2.4.20 on port 443 for http-2 and I need to capture this tra c. I have created a self-signed certi cate and key
for apache webserver con guration.
Kindly suggest on how to proceed further in this case.
Regards,
Ankush.
Reply
Timo says:
May 21, 2016 at 4:37 am
Thanks, really helped me a lot
Reply
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Johnny says:
June 22, 2016 at 10:27 am
You are the fountain in my desert my friend! This is an awesome article. Thank you!
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

June 22, 2016 at 11:27 am
Glad it helped.
Reply
Johnny says:
June 23, 2016 at 12:59 am
I tried the SSL decryption on the https accesses from my own laptop and it works perfectly!
I have SPAN con gured on my Cisco switch that forwards all tra c to my Laptops interface.
So i followed what you said at the conclusion, the or copy it o the machine and reunite it with the machine doing the packet capture
later. But the Wireshark captures still says TLS Application data.
What could be wrong?
Reply
Jim Shaver says:

June 23, 2016 at 7:24 am
So you are capturing session keys on the clients whose tra c is being sent through the span port?
Reply
Johnny says:
June 23, 2016 at 10:51 pm
Thats right. Ive con gured the client PCs to log their ssl keys and save them locally. Meanwhile, I capture tra c through
the switch on my admin Laptop. I later get the logs from the client PCs to use with my wireshark.
This doesnt seem to work like when I decrypted tra c from the laptop im at.
Johnny says:
June 24, 2016 at 1:11 am
Thats right..
Teja says:
August 10, 2016 at 5:42 pm
Excellent article!!!. Really appreciate it.
Reply
Dan says:
August 19, 2016 at 3:48 am
This is great for Wireshark users. I hope that Telerik will add it to Fiddler, if its at all possible (https:// ddler.ideas.aha.io/ideas/FID-I-65)
Reply
q2dg says:
September 26, 2016 at 3:20 pm
Well, it seems this method doest work with Firefox 48+ anymore (see https://developer.mozilla.org/enUS/docs/Mozilla/Projects/NSS/Key_Log_Format).
Maybe, perhaps, in Firefox 50 will work again, but, meanwhile
Reply
Obum says:
September 30, 2016 at 1:43 am
Hi. Nice article. I notice that this is good to decrypt secured connections on the y. How can an encrypted captured packet be decrypted
with/without the key provided. Thanks.
Reply
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Decrypting TLS Browser Traf c With Wireshark The

Session Key Logging to the Rescue!

Setting up our Browsers

You can also add this to the last line of your

on OS X so that it is set every time you log in.

Thanks Tomi for sharing this.

Expand the protocols section:

Browse to the location of your log le

SSH and X forwarding

What cipher suites does my browser support?

Alexandru Ionica says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Donnie Shi says:

Wireshark and TLS says:

Papaia Antoniadis says:

Jim Shaver says:

guido (@pcapgeek) says:

Pedro Prez (@mobiplayer) says:

Pedro Prez (@mobiplayer) says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

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Pingback: Analisando trfego web criptografado com o wireshark | Null0

Ghazi Sarhan says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

John Peter says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

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Jim Shaver says:

Jim Shaver says:

resheep full disclosure google Hard Drive https iMac

upgrades varnish vpn web

SSH and X forwarding

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