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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMM. ENGG.

B.I.T., MESRA, RANCHI
SYLLABUS (7Th SEMESTER)
EC7013:

MOBILE AND CELLULAR COMMUNICATION

THE MOBILE RADIO ENVIRONMENT:

Representation of a mobile radio signal, Causes of propagation path loss and fading, Classification of
channels, Definitions of necessary terms (averages, pdf, CPD etc.), Delay spread and coherence
bandwidth, Diversity schemes, Combining techniques.
(10)
MOBILE RADIO INTERFERENCE:
Co-channel and adjacent-channel interference, Near-and-to-far end ratio, Intersymbol and Simulcast
interference.
(3)
FREQUENCY PLANS & CELLULAR CONCEPT:
Channelized schemes and frequency reuse, FDM, TDM, Spread Spectrum & Frequency hopping,
Cellular concept, Frequency reuse and cell separation, HO, Spectral efficiency and cellular schemes,
Separation between co-channel cells.
(8)
DESIGN PARAMETERS:
At the Base Station: Antenna locations, Antenna spacing and height, Noise environment.
At the Mobile Unit : Antenna spacing and height, Mobile unit standing still and in motion.
(6)
SIGNALLING & CHANNEL ACCESS:
False alarm & Word-error rates (Gaussian environment), Channel assignment, Frequency
assignment, Under Lay and Overlay Configurations.
(5)
CELLULAR CDMA:
Narrowband & Wideband wave propagations, Key elements in designing cellular, Spread Spectrum
techniques in modulation, Capacities of multiple-access schemes. DS-CDMA, FH-DCMA, TH-CDMA.
(10)
MICROCELL:
Design of a conventional cellular system, Description of new micro cell system design.
(3)
Text Books:
1.

Mobile Communications Design Fundamentals (2nd ed.) - W.C.Y. Lee, John Wiley & Sons'
Inc.; 1993.

2.

Mobile Cellular, Telecommunication Systems - W.C.Y. Lee, 1990.

EC7013:

MOBILE & CELLULAR COMMUNICATION

TUTORIAL
1. What is the difference between mobile path and radio path?
2.

Calculate the fading frequency, when one incoming wave is perpendicular to the vehicle
motion.

3.

What do you mean by signal fading? Define long-term fading and short term fading.

4.

What are the causes of long-term fading and short term fading?

5.

A mobile unit is moving with a velocity V in absence of any scatterer, Derive the expression for
Doppler frequency and received frequency.

6.

A mobile unit is moving with a velocity V along the road between the transmitter and scatterer.
Show that the received signal at the mobile unit form a standing wave.

7.

A mobile unit is receiving two incoming reflected waves of equal amplitudes at angles = 00
and = 10. Derive the expression for fading frequency.

8.

Obtain the general formula for fading frequency for two incoming waves at angles 1 and 2 w.r.t.
the motion of the vehicle.

9.

What are the dispersive and non-dispersive channels?

10. Define time dispersive and frequency dispersive channels.

11. Define the biased time average and unbiased time average of signal in a mobile radio
environment.
12. Define the appropriate PDFs, which represent long-term fading and short-term fading.
13. Define level-crossing rate (ler) and average duration of fade (adf).
14. Show that

(ler) (adf) = OPD

15. Explain the term Coherence bandwidth.

16. What is the difference between false- alarm rate and word error rate?
17. What is the delay spread?
18. What do you mean by the statement- The mobile radio signal can be assume to be an ergodic
process.?
19.

Explain the terms: (a) Time selective fading (b) frequency selective fading.

20. Derive an expression for false- alarm rate in the case of a DPSK signal.
21. Explain why a vertically polarized wave is preferred over a Horizontal polarized wave for a
mobile radio communication.

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22. Discuss the advantages of space diversity antennas used at cell site.
23. Explain the space diversity and frequency diversity. Explain the advantages and disadvantages
of major combining techniques used in mobile communication.
24. Establish a relation between false-alarm-rate and word-error-rate.
25. Why is the antenna separation at the base station wider when the antenna height is higher?
26. Explain why the vertical separation of two diversity antennas is not desired.
27. Write short notes on:
(a) Inter symbolic interference.
(b) Simulcast Interference
(c) Noise in mobile environment
(d) Antennas for mobile unit
(e) Features of cell site antennas
29.

Show that the received signal in a mobile radio environment is a constant,

independent of the directivity of the directional antenna.

30.

Explain why physically the space diversity scheme requires larger antenna
separation in the base station but smaller antenna separation at the mobile unit.

31.

Explain Co-channel interference. What is adjacent- channel interference?

Explain the significance of the term co-channel reduction factor.

32.

Discuss in detail the concept of frequency reuse.

33.

Compare between channellized scheme and FDM.

34.

What is TDM? Define guard time. Derive the expression for power efficiency of
a mobile radio TDM system.

35.

Explain the concept of spread spectrum system. What are the characteristics of
spread spectrum system?

36.

Explain how frequency hopped spread spectrum technique is used in mobile

radio communication system.

37.

Explain what you understand by multiple access. What are FDMA and CDMA?

38.

Explain cellular concept. What is hand-off in cellular communication? What do

you mean by channel efficiency?

39.
40.
41.

Describe the scheme, which improve the spectrum efficiency in cellular system.
Describe how the channel-offset scheme can be used to find the separation
between co-channel cells.
Write the short notes on:
(a) Key elements in designing cellular system
(b) Narrowband propagation in a mobile radio environment
(c) Wideband propagation in a mobile radio environment

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(d) Microcell system design
(e) Channel barrowing scheme and Channel shearing scheme