Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
UNIT 10
GRAMMAR
Causative have and get. (Study the Language Summary on p. in your
Students Book.)
1. Tanya wants to rent a flat, but it needs some work before she can move in.
She talks to the landlord and he agrees to her suggestions. Complete the
conversation using have + the verbs in brackets.
TANYA: This flat is in a good place, but there are a few problems.
LANDLORD: Oh, really? What do you mean?
TANYA: The mirror is broken.
LANDLORD: (l) (replace)
TANYA: There are marks on the carpet.
LANDLORD: (2) (clean)
TANYA: I don't like the colour of the walls.
LANDLORD: (3) (paint)
TANYA: All the furniture is in the wrong rooms.
LANDLORD:(4) (rearrange)
TANYA: One of the chairs is broken.
LANDLORD: (5) (mend)
TANYA: Several of the cupboards are full of old clothes.
LANDLORD: (6) (empty)
TANYA: The curtains are dirty.
LANDLORD: (7) (wash)
TANYA: Then I might rent the flat.
2. Rewrite the underlined words using have something done.
1 I didn't recognise Sheila because the hairdresser's dyed her hair.
2 I've been getting a lot of annoying phone calls, so the telephone company is
going to change my number.
3 Gabrielle broke her leg six weeks ago, but she's much better now. In fact the
doctors should be taking the plaster off tomorrow.
4 Rowland has made a lot of money, so an architect's designed him a fine new
house.
5 This room gets hot when the sun shines, so I'm employing someone to fit blinds
on the windows.
6 I heard that Mrs Green didn't trust her husband, so she hired a detective to follow
him!
7 My sister had always been self-conscious about her nose, so she decided to go to
a clinic for an operation which will straighten it.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
NB. The verbs make, have and get are causative verbs1. They are used to express
the idea that X causes Y to do something. Their meanings are similar but not
identical.
a) make gives the idea that X forces Y to do something:
e.g. Mrs. Lee made her son clean his room.
b) Have gives the idea that X requests Y to do something:
e.g. I had the plumber repair the leak.
c) Get gives the idea that X persuades Y to do something.
e.g. The students got the teacher to dismiss class early.
8. Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. Make the sentences
negative and interrogative.
1. The doctor made the patient (stay) in bed.
2. Mrs. Crane had her house (paint).
3. The teacher had the class (write) a 2000-word research paper.
4. I made my son (wash) the windows before he could go outside to play.
5. Kostas got some kids in the neighborhood (clean) out his garage.
6. I went to that bank to have a cheque (cash).
7. Tom had a bad headache yesterday, so he got his twin brother, Tim, (go) to class
for him. The teacher didnt know the difference.
8. When Scott went shopping, he found a jacket that he really liked. After he had
the sleeves (shorten), it fit him perfectly.
9. My boss made me (redo) my report because he wasnt satisfied with it.
10. Alice stopped at the service station to have the tank (fill).
11. I got Rosa (lend) me some money so I could go to a movie last night.
12. Mr. Fields went to a doctor to have a wart on his nose (remove).
13. I spilled some tomato sauce on my suit coat. Now I need to get my suit
(clean).
14. Peeling onions always make me (cry).
15. Tom Sawyer was supposed to paint the fence, but he didnt want to do it. He
was a very clever boy. Somehow he got his friends (do) it for him.
16. We had a professional photographer (take) pictures of everyone who
participated in our wedding.
Make and have as causative verbs are used with the bare infinitive.
GOT
HAVE
GOT
HAD
HAVE
GOT
GETTING
GOT
HAD
II.
1 Where can you get: a plane ticket? (e.g. any travel agent's) lead-free petrol? dog
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When other is used before a plural noun, it does not have -s. When other is used
without a noun, it has -s in the plural. Compare:
Tell the other people. (NOT ... the others people.)
Tell the others.
Can you show me some other shoes?
Can you show me some others?
6. Write other or others.
1 I could see Karima and Nedjma at their desks - but where were the ?`
2 Long after all the cars had left, Dawson's BMW was still there.
3 I'll phone all the if you'll phone Ted and Lucy, OK?
4 I can play the Sonata in C, but not any of the
5 Do you know any people who might have a reason to do this?
6 This doesn't suit me. Have you got any colours?
7 Some metals are magnetic and aren't.
8 The police arrested Jane, Fred and two
9 I wish that girl would play more with children.
10 Gerald Durrell wrote a book called 'My Family and Animals'.
We can use another (one word) to mean 'one more'. But with uncountables and
plurals, we do not generally use other to mean 'more'. Compare:
Have another potato, (NOT ... an other potato.) Have some more meat, (NOT ...
other meat.)
We need more cups.
We can use another +few or another + a number with a plural noun.
Let's wait another few minutes. ( = ... a few more minutes.) The job will take
another ten days. ( = ... ten more days.)
7. Write expressions with another or with more.
Examples:
English - more English
clothes
friends
child
three pages
hour
mile
sleep
job possibilities
few days
hundred pounds
money
time
freedom
holidays
problem
twenty miles
8. Supply (the) other, another, (the) others.
1. I met two strangers on my way to work. One of them greeted me, didnt.
2. Some people like to have the windows open all the time. dont.
3. There must be road that leads to the city center.
4. There must be roads that lead to the city center.
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5. I cant let you have any of these plants, but you can have all .
6. Look at the difficulty way.
7. 20 years will pass and your point of view will be completely different.
8. Holding the wheel with one hand, she waved with .
9. She is cleverer than in her class.
10.Why are you here? Where are girls?
11.You cant get there by car, but there are a lot of ways of getting there.
12.John and some boys went swimming.
13. may laugh at her but I think she is sweet.
14.They went from one shop to .
3. No, None, Nobody, Nothing.
NB No is a more emphatic way of saying 'not a' or 'not any'.
At the beginning of a sentence, no is almost always used.
Sorry, I've got no time.
There were no letters for you this morning.
No cigarette is completely harmless. (NOT Not any cigarette ...)
No tourists ever come to our village.
Nobody, nothing etc are used in the same way.
Nobody loves me.
I've got absolutely nothing to say.
Before of, we use none, not no (often with a singular verb). None of his friends
likes his wife.
9. Put in no/none/nobody.
1 'Why can't I have toast for breakfast?' 'Because there's bread.'
2 'My students expect me to know everything.'' knows everything.'
3 newspaper tells the whole truth.
4 'What were your photos like?' 'I'm afraid of them came out.'
5 'Do you think he's honest?''politician is completely honest.'
6 of the people there remembered seeing anything unusual.
7 I've got patience with people like her.
8 There's I can talk to in this place.
9 of you care what I think.
10 He had_money,job and place to live.
10.Write answers. Use no, none, nothing, and nobody.
1
2
3
4
5
'Why can't you take me to school in the car today?' Because I've got no time.
'Can you ask someone in your family to help you with your French?'
'Jeremy says his father speaks seventy-six languages.'
'Do we have to go out tonight? Can't we eat at home?'
'Do you think I could ask you for a cup of coffee?'
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6 'Why don't you phone home to find out if your letter's arrived?'
7 'If you're bored, why don't you go to the cinema?'
8 'Why didn't you buy any flowers?'
9 'Why didn't you join in the conversation last night?'
10 'How many of your brothers are married?'
4. All, Every and Each.
11.Choose between all, every and each.
1. I have book he has ever written.
2. He shouted her name twice, time banging his fist on the table.
3. He had been taught by a mother who had taught him that pleasure must be
paid for.
4. trunks must be labeled before being deposited in the left-luggage office.
5. He has right to know who you are going to marry.
6. Thats the sort of job boys like doing.
7. the people were cheering loudly.
8. Before he left the classroom he gave boy a task.
9. She had something to say on subject.
10. the money was spent.
11. the family were present.
12. And I had to sit there eye on me.
13. He has chance to win.
14. He looked at of us in turn.
15. Hugh had advantage of education.
16. Id like you to make effort to obtain the data we spoke about.
17. Franks wasnt a bad place. The tables had yellow tops which Frank wiped
after customer.
18. Almost boys like sport.
19. The doctor took his gloves out and pulled one on his left hand, concentrating
on fold in the leather.
20. The actor could make you hear word in the last row of the gallery.
5. Both, Either (of), Neither (of).
12.Use both, either (of) or neither (of).
1. We drove along a wide road with ditches and trees on side.
2. Ed and I were big men.
3. He invited us , but I knew he felt it irregular; he didnt want us at a family
party.
4. The first apple pie of the season was on the table and a large dish of purple
grapes. Muriel was too angry to touch
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1 All.....
2 None..
3 Both....
4 One.
5 All.......................................................
6 None...................................................
7 Both....................................................
8 Both....................................................
9 Both....................................................
10 Neither...............................................
11 Neither...............................................
12 One....................................................
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8. When I got on the plane, the stewardess told me I could have some seat because there
were so few passengers on the flight.
9. You cant borrow money from me because I have no.
10.The problem is that I have much homework to do at weekends, so I have very little time
for sport.
11.I dont know whether our scheme will make a profit, but any money we raise will be
given to charity.
12.I feel so embarrassed that all know my problem.
18.Choose the right word.
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Straw man A straw man is a weak argument that is easily defeated. It can also be a
person who is used as to give an illegal or inappropriate activity an appearance of
respectability.
The world and his wife If the world and his wife were somewhere, then huge
numbers of people were present.
Tied to your mother's apron strings Describes a child (often a boy) who is so
used to his mother's care that he (or she) cannot do anything on his (or her) own.
A poor man's something Something or someone that can be compared to
something or someone else, but is not as good is a poor man's version; a writer
who uses lots of puns but isn't very funny would be a poor man's Oscar Wilde.
Every man for himself If it's every man for himself, then people are trying to save
themselves from a difficult situation without trying to help anyone else.
Article 1.
1. In the text find the words that correspond to the following definitions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Where men are men . . . and women don't know the recipe
for equality
Compared with the seductive advertisements for cigarettes, underwear and alcohol,
the recent billboard posters appear stark: "Dare to . . . if you're a man," they
proclaim. But far from being challenged to some daredevil macho stunt, the males
of Granada are merely being exhorted to tackle the washing-up. The adverts,
which depict a huge stack of dirty dishes, form part of the town council's
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campaign for the greater sharing of responsibilities and domestic tasks between
men and women.
As in other Western countries, the struggle for gender equality continues. Parity in
terms of pay and opportunities has improved enormously in recent years. It is in
the home that traditional ideas are more difficult to change. Although most women
now have jobs outside the home, many Spanish men still consider domestic tasks
to be women's work: "Leave that to your sister," Yolanda's father commanded with
a frown on seeing his son pick up a tea towel, "It's not your job."
Often, though, it is the women themselves, especially those of the older generation,
who insist on serving the rest of the family. They see it as their duty, and are
fiercely proud of their culinary and housekeeping skills. Life for the housewife is
an endless faena, a round of tasks to ensure the comfort of every (other) member of
the family.
Maria is in her late 50s and works full-time, cleaning the large building where I
work, and running the cafeteria. Her husband works there too, although his job is
less physically demanding. When Maria arrives home, exhausted after a long and
tiring day, her work begins anew. While the rest of the family relaxes, she sets
about the household chores, prepares a meal and stares aghast at the vast pile of
ironing that awaits her. Most of it belongs to her five adult children, who see no
reason to leave home in the foreseeable future.
"It's not fair," Maria agrees, "but what can I do? When I ask them to help, they
always have something more important to do - an outing with friends, a series of
phone calls. Or they point out how much better their shirts look when I iron them."
She shrugs: "Young people . . ." Neither can Manolo, her husband, be expected to
change his ways: "It's what he's used to".
On the other hand, it is not true to say that all Spanish men are parasites in the
home. They too have their duties. My landlord, Pablo, is retired and, it seems,
entirely at the disposal of his wife. It is clear from the string of orders issued in
peremptory tones each day who is boss. However, she would never dream of
asking him to shop for food in the market.
Clear demarcation lines exist in the division of tasks. For example, it is Pablo who
carries the washing up to the terrace, but Emilia who must hang it out. Pablo takes
care of any outside jobs, such as hosing the terrace and watering the garden, but
indoors the house is the undisputed domain of his wife.
There are some signs of change amongst younger couples, but the pace of
progress is painfully slow. The men in my mixed class of adult students were
completely stumped when asked to relate a simple recipe. "But I've never cooked
anything," protested 27-year-old Javier. "My mother always cooks." Part of the
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comments were totally unacceptable. Those views are entirely inconsistent with
our ethos as a business and employer, and will rightly offend many of our
customers, our people and the wider public, he said. They are inexcusable from
anyone at Sky, regardless of their role or seniority.
Francis added: We have dealt with this matter by taking immediate disciplinary
action. As with any employee, it would not be right to go into detail on those
proceedings. However, they have been clearly warned about their behaviour and
reminded of their responsibilities. The UK sports minister, Hugh Robertson, also
joined the chorus of criticism. It is very disappointing to hear these comments at a
time when we are trying to get more women participating and officiating in sport,
particularly football, he said.
Brady said that the comments had made her blood boil. Forget myself for a
second, because what was said about me is a personal opinion and everyone is
entitled to that. What really upsets me is the fact that only females in our industry
are judged by their gender. And that is categorically wrong, she said.
Im genuinely disappointed. It never would have occurred to me that [Richard
Keys and Andy Gray] had those views, whether public or private, added Brady on
BBC Radio. It almost makes it worse that theyre speaking when the microphones
are not on, as opposed to when they are on, because [they have] never really had
the brass neck to say it publicly, they would only say it privately. I have heard it
and I dont believe it is just banter.
Guardian News & Media 2011
First published in The Guardian, 24/01/11
Note: Since this article was written, Gray has been fired from his job and Keys has
resigned.
2. Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. The two men were suspended from their jobs because
a they made sexist comments on live television.
b they made sexist comments off-air.
c they made sexist comments in a newspaper interview.
2. The two men were unhappy that
a a female official had made a bad mistake in an important match.
b a female official had been appointed to officiate in an important match.
c a female official didnt know the offside rule.
3. How did the Sky Sports managing director describe the comments?
a he said they were inconsistent
b he said they were offensive
c he said they were totally unacceptable
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