Contents

1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Internet of Things
4. Introduction
5. Flowchart
6. Components Used
7. Applications
8. Project So Far
9. Salient Features of Our Project
10.Future Aspects
11.References

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Abstract
Internet of Things (IOT) plays a vital role in connecting the surrounding environmental things
to the network and makes it easy to access those un-internet things from any remote location.
Its inevitable for the people to update with the growing technology. And generally people are
facing problems on parking vehicles in parking slots in a city. In this project we have designed a
Management System for Car Parking (MSCP) which gives user the information about the
availability of parking slots in a parking area and the system also keeps a record of every car
entering into parking area (along with dimensions of car). And it mainly focuses on reducing the
time in finding the parking lots and also it avoids the unnecessary travelling through filled
parking lots in a parking area. Thus it reduces the fuel consumption which in turn reduces
carbon footprints in our atmosphere.

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Introduction
Modern automated parking complexes commonly include integrated electromechanical
transmission control, security control, detection systems and automated placement. The systems
can fully support vehicle measurement, image analysis, electronic payment scanning, and
automatic retrieval.
In this car parking management system, drivers stop at entry pallet or port, where dimensions
of the car are read by ultrasonic sensors. Meanwhile, the driver pays by card and basic details of
car are recorded by person in-charge or any other system (future development). Now, since the
driver had already checked the vacant place in parking area via app or website, driver proceeds
to the respective vacant parking slot for parking the car.

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Internet Of things
Definition: IoT is simply the network of interconnected things/devices which are embedded
with sensors, software, network connectivity and necessary electronics that enables them to
collect and exchange data making them responsive.
More than a concept Internet of Things is essentially an architectural framework which allows
integration and data exchange between the physical world and computer systems over existing
network infrastructure.
Important Internet of Things Components
Many people mistakenly think of IoT as an independent technology. Interestingly internet of
things is being enabled by the presence of other independent technologies which make
fundamental components of IoT.
The fundamental components that make internet of things a reality are:
Hardware - Making physical objects responsive and giving them capability to retrieve
data and respond to instructions
Software - Enabling the data collection, storage, processing, manipulating and
instructing.
Communication Infrastructure - Most important of all is the communication infrastructure
which consists of protocols and technologies which enable two physical objects to exchange
data
Why Internet of Things/IoT will be successful in the coming years?
As the telecommunication sector is becoming more extensive and efficient, broadband internet
is widely available. With technological advancement it is now much cheaper to produce
necessary sensors with built-in WiFi capabilities making connecting devices less costly.
Most important, the smart phone usage has surpassed all the predicted limits and
telecommunication sector is already working on its toes to keep their customers satisfied by
improving their infrastructure. As IoT devices need no separate communication than the
existing one building IoT tech is very cheap and highly achievable.
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Flowchart

SERVER

USER

APP

CLOUD

DATA
GATEWAY

SENSORS
(VACANCY)

DEDUCTIONS
CAR
PARKING AREA
SENSORS

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Components used

1. WiFi Module: The ESP8266 WiFi Module is a self-contained SOC with integrated
TCP/IP protocol stack that can give any microcontroller access to your WiFi network.
The ESP8266 is capable of either hosting an application or offloading all Wi-Fi
networking functions from another application processor. Each ESP8266 module comes
pre-programmed with an AT command set firmware, meaning, you can simply hook this
up to your Arduino device and get about as much WiFi-ability as a WiFi Shield offers
(and thats just out of the box)! The ESP8266 module is an extremely cost effective board
with a huge, and ever growing, community.
2. Ultrasonic Sensors: Ultrasonic sensors are based on measuring the properties of sound
waves with frequency above the human audible range. They are based on three physical
principles: time of flight, the Doppler effect, and the attenuation of sound waves.
Ultrasonic sensors are non-intrusive in that they do not require physical contact with their
target, and can detect certain clear or shiny targets otherwise obscured to some visionbased sensors. On the other hand, their measurements are very sensitive to temperature
and to the angle of the target.
3. Arduino Uno: Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has
14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a
16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to
a computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started.

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Applications

Smart home
Wearable
Smart City- Smart city spans a wide variety of use cases, from traffic management to
water distribution, to waste management, urban security and environmental monitoring.
Its popularity is fuelled by the fact that many Smart City solutions promise to alleviate
real pains of people living in cities these days. IoT solutions in the area of Smart City
solve traffic congestion problems, reduce noise and pollution and help make cities safer.
Smart grids- Smart grids is a special one. A future smart grid promises to use
information about the behaviours of electricity suppliers and consumers in an automated
fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, and economics of electricity.
Connected car
Smart supply chain- Supply chains have been getting smarter for some years already.
Solutions for tracking goods while they are on the road, or getting suppliers to exchange
inventory information have been on the market for years. So while it is perfectly logic
that the topic will get a new push with the Internet of Things, it seems that so far its
popularity remains limited.
Smart farming- Smart farming is an often overlooked business-case for the internet of
Things because it does not really fit into the well-known categories such as health,
mobility, or industrial. However, due to the remoteness of farming operations and the
large number of livestock that could be monitored the Internet of Things could
revolutionize the way farmers work. But this idea has not yet reached large-scale
attention. Nevertheless, one of the Internet of Things applications that should not be
underestimated. Smart farming will become the important application field in the
predominantly agricultural-product exporting countries.

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Project so far

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Salient features of our project

1. Our project easily measures the dimensions of a vehicle which needs to be parked.
2. The dimensions taken through the sensors are sent to the cloud through a WiFi module.
3. Through the mobile application that we have built the user receives the information about
whether the parking space is available or not and if it is available then where does the
user needs to go.
4. We have sensors at the parking spots too which send data to the cloud, giving information
about the vacancies..
5.

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Future aspects
1. Integrating our project through a mobile application.
2. Setting up our own server to increase the security.
3. We will try to create a prototype of a multi-level parking system implementing IoT.

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References
1. https://iot-analytics.com/10-internet-of-things-applications/
2. http://www.servodatabase.com/
3. http://sensorwiki.org/doku.php/sensors/ultrasound
4. https://en.wikipedia.org
5. https://www.google.co.in
6. https://www.robots.com
7. https://www.arduino.cc/
8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282270797_A_Cloud-Based_SmartParking_System_Based_on_Internet-of-Things_Technologies
9. Googleweblight.com

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