5/23/2012

Discovering Computers
Fundamentals
Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World

Objectives Overview

Explain why computer

literacy is vital to
success in today's world

Describe the five

components of a
computer

Discuss the uses of the

Internet and World
Wide Web

See Page 1
for Detailed Objectives

Di
h advantages
d
Discuss
the
and disadvantages that
users experience when
working with
computers

Distinguish between
system software and
application software

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

5/23/2012

Objectives Overview
Differentiate
Diff
ti t among ttypes,
sizes, and functions of
computers in each category

Explain how home users,

/
office
small office/home
users, mobile users, power
users, and enterprise users
each interact with
computers

Discuss how society uses

computers in education,
finance, government, health
care, science, publishing,
travel, and manufacturing
See Page 1
for Detailed Objectives

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

A World of Computers
Computers are everywhere

Pages 2 3
Figure 11

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

5/23/2012

What Is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic device, operating
under
d th
the control
t l off iinstructions
t ti
stored
t d iin it
its own
memory
Collects
data
(i
(input)
)

Processing

Produces
information
(
(output)
)

Information Processing Cycle

Pages 3 4

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

What Is a Computer?

Page 4
Figure 12

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

5/23/2012

The Components of a Computer

A computer contains many electric, electronic, and
mechanical components known as hardware
Input Device
Output Device
System Unit
Storage Device
Communications
Device
Pages 4 7

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

Hardware component that conveys information to one or more people

Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that
are used to p
process data
Holds data, instructions, and information for future use
Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and
information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition
Chapter 1

The Components of a Computer

Page 5
Figure 13

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

5/23/2012

Advantages and Disadvantages

of Using Computers

Page 7

Advantages of
Using Computers

Disadvantages of
Using Computers

Speed

Violation of Privacy

Reliability

Public Safety

Consistency

Impact on Labor Force

Storage

Health Risks

Communications

Impact on Environment

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

Advantages and Disadvantages

of Using Computers
Green computing involves reducing the electricity
consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
Strategies include:

Page 7

Recycling
Regulating manufacturing processes
Extending the life of computers
Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

10

5/23/2012

Networks and the Internet

A network is a collection of computers and devices
connected together
together, often wirelessly
wirelessly, via communications
devices and transmission media
The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals

Page 8

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

11

Networks and the Internet

Page 8
Figure 16

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

12

5/23/2012

Networks and the Internet

People use the Internet for a variety of reasons:

Communicate

Research and
Access Information

Entertainment

Pages 8 9
Figure 17

Share Information

Shop

Bank and Invest

Download Videos

Online Trading

Web Application

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

13

Networks and the Internet

A social networking Web site encourages
members
b tto share
h
th
their
i iinterests,
t
t id
ideas, stories,
t i
photos, music, and videos with other registered
users
Also called an online social network

Page 10

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

14

5/23/2012

Computer Software
Software, also called a program, tells the
t what
h t ttasks
k to
t perform
f
dh
computer
and
how tto
perform them
System Software
Operating system
Utility program

Application Software

Pages 11 12
Figures 18 19

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

15

Computer Software
Installing is the process of setting up software to
workk with
ith th
the computer,
t printer,
i t and
d other
th
hardware

Pages 12 13
Figure 110

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

16

5/23/2012

Computer Software
A programmer develops software or writes the
i t ti
instructions
th
thatt di
directt th
the computer
t tto process
data into information

Page 13
Figure 111

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

17

Categories of Computers
Personal computers
Mobile computers and mobile devices
Game consoles
Servers
Mainframes
M i f
Supercomputers
Embedded computers
Pages 14 15

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

18

5/23/2012

Personal Computers
A personal computer can perform all of its input,
processing,
i output,
t t and
d storage
t
activities
ti iti b
by it
itself
lf
Two popular architectures are the PC and the
Apple
Desktop computer

Pages 15 16
Figures 113 114

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

19

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Mobile
Computer

Pages 16 18

Mobile
Device
Personal computer you
can carry from place to
place

Computing device small

enough to hold in your
hand

Examples include
notebook computers,
laptop computers,
netbooks, and Tablet
PCs

Examples
E
l iinclude
l d smartt
phones and PDAs, e
book readers, handheld
computers, portable
media players, and
digital cameras

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

20

10

5/23/2012

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Notebook computer
p
Tablet PC
Smart phones and PDAs
Ebook reader
Pages 16 17
Figures 115 118

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

21

Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices

Handheld
computer
a d e d co
pute
Portable media player
Digital camera
Pages 17 18
Figures 119 120

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

22

11

5/23/2012

Game Consoles
A game console is a mobile computing device
d i d ffor singleplayer
designed
i l l
or multiplayer
lti l
video
id
games

Page 18
Figure 121

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

23

Servers
A server controls access to the hardware,
software,
ft
and
d other
th resources on a network
t
k
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data,
and information

Page 19
Figure 122

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

24

12

5/23/2012

Mainframes
A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful
computer
t that
th t can h
handle
dl h
hundreds
d d or th
thousands
d
of connected users simultaneously

Page 19
Figure 123

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

25

Supercomputers
A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful
computer
t
Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single
second

Page 19
Figure 124

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

26

13

5/23/2012

Embedded Computers
An embedded computer is a specialpurpose
t that
th t ffunctions
ti
computer
as a componentt iin a
larger product
Consumer Electronics
Home Automation Devices
Automobiles
Process Controllers and Robotics
Computer Devices and Office
Machines
Page 19

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

27

Embedded Computers

Page 20
Figure 125

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

28

14

5/23/2012

Examples of Computer Usage

Home User
Personal financial
management
Web
W b access
Communications
Entertainment

Pages 20 23
Figures 126 128

Small Office/Home
Office User
Look up information
Send and receive email
messages
Make telephone calls

Mobile User
Connect to other computers
on a network or the Internet
Transfer
T
f iinformation
f
ti
Play video games
Listen to music
Watch movies

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

29

Examples of Computer Usage

Pages 23 24
Figures 129 130

Power User

Enterprise User

Work with
multimedia
l i di
Use industryspecific
software

Communicate
among employees
l
Process high
volumes of
transactions
Blog

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

30

15

5/23/2012

Computer Applications in Society

Education
Finance
Government
Health Care
Pages 24 26
Figures 131 134

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

31

Computer Applications in Society

Science
Publishing
Travel
Manufacturing
Pages 26 27
Figures 135 138

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

32

16

5/23/2012

Summary

Page 28

Basic computer
concepts

Components of a
computer

Networks, the Internet,

and computer software

Manyy different
categories of
computers, computer
users, and computer
applications in society

Discovering Computers Fundamentals, 2012 Edition

Chapter 1

33

Discovering Computers
Fundamentals
Fundamentals,
2012 Edition
Your Interactive Guide
to the Digital World

Chapter 1 Complete

17