Question: Every gram of wheat

provides 0.1 gm of proteins and 0.25

gm of carbohydrates. The
corresponding values of rice are 0.05
gm and 0.5 gm respectively. Wheat
costs Rs 40/kg and rice cost Rs 60/kg.
The minimum daily requirements of
proteins and carbohydrates for an
average child are 50 gms and 200

gms respectively. In what quantities

should wheat and rice be mixed in
daily diet to provide minimum daily
requirement of proteins and
carbohydrates ?
Solution: Suppose x gm of wheat & y
gm of rice are mixed in the daily diet.
Since every gm of wheat provides 0.1
gm of proteins & every gm of rice

provides 0.05 gm of proteins.

Therefore x gm of wheat and y gm of
rice will provide 0.1x + 0.05y gms of
proteins. But the minimum daily
requirement of proteins is of 50 gms.
0.1x + 0.05y 50
x/10 + y/20 50

Similarly x gm of wheat and y gm of

rice will provide 0.25x + 0.5y gms of
carbohydrates
& the minimum daily requirement of
carbohydrates is 200 gms.
0.25x + 0.5y 200
x/4 + y/2 200

It is given that wheat costs Rs 40/kg

and rice cost 60/kg. So x gm of wheat
and y gm of rice will cost Rs
40x/1000 + 60y/1000.
Hence, the given linear programming
is
Minimize Z = 40x/1000 + 60y/1000

Subject to constraints x/10 + y/20

50
x/4 + y/2 200
The solution set of the linear
constraints is shaded in the figure.
The vertices of the linear constraints
of the shaded region are A(800,0)
P(400,200) and B(0,1000)

The values of the objective function at

these points in the following table:-

Corner Points
A(800,0)
P(400,200)
B(0,1000)

Value of Z
32
28
60

Clearly Z is minimum i.e. Cost is

Minimum of Rs 28 When 400 gms of
wheat and 200 gms of rice are used.
Question: Anil wants to invest at most
Rs. 12000 in bonds A and B .
According to the rules, he has to
invest at least Rs. 2000 in bond A and
at least Rs. 4000 in bond B. If the rate
of interest on bond A is 8% per annum

and the rate of interest on bond B is

10% per annum. How much should he
invest in order to earn maximum
yearly profit? Find also the Maximum
yearly profit ?
Solution: Let Anil invests Rs x in
Saving certificates
Let Anil invests Rs y in National
Saving bonds

Subject to constraints:
x + y 1,20,000

x0

x 20,000

y0

y 40,000
Z = 8% of x + 10% of y
Z = 8x/100 + 10y/100
We have to minimize Z w.r.t above
constraints

The solution set of the linear

constraints is shaded in the figure.
The vertices of the linear constraints
of the shaded region are
A(20000,100000)
B(80000,40000) and C(20000,40000)
Corner Points
A(20000,100000)
B(80000,40000)

Value of Z
11,600
10,400

C(20000,40000)

5,600

Z is maximum at A(20000,100000)
Value of Z = 11,600
Hence Anil should invest Rs 1,00,000
in Saving Certificates and Rs 20,000
in National Saving Bonds.
Maximum Yearly Profit is of Rs 11,600.

Question: Suppose that a furniture

dealer makes two products viz. Chairs
and tables. Processing of these is
done on two machines A and B. A
chair requires 2 hrs on machine A & 6
hrs on machine B. A table requires 4
hrs on machine A & 2 hrs on machine
B. Machine A is available for 16 hrs
per day and Machine B is available for

18 hrs per day. Profit gained by the

manufacturer from chair and table are
Rs 300 and Rs 500 respectively. The
manufacturer is willing to know the
daily production of each of the
products to maximize his profit ?
Solution: The above data can be put
in the following ways:Item

Chair

Table

Max

Machine
A
Machine
B

2 hrs

4 hrs

availabili
ty
(in hr)
16 hrs

6 hrs

2 hrs

18 hrs

Profit (in Rs): Chair = Rs 300

Table = Rs 500
Suppose that the manufacturer
produces x chairs and y tables per
day
It is given that a chair requires 2 hrs
on machine A and table requires 4 hrs
on machine A producing 2x + 4y 16
in total time 16 hrs.

Similarly, For machine B 6x + 2y 18

Total Profit for x chairs and y tables is
Z = 300x + 500y
Hence we have to maximize Z
Subject to constraints 2x + 4y 16
6x + 2y 18
The solution set of the linear
constraints is shaded in the figure.

The vertices of the linear constraints

of the shaded region are A(2,3)
B(3,0) and C(0,4)
Corner Points
A(2,3)
B(3,0)
C(0,4)

Value of Z
2100
900
2000

Hence Maximum profit is Rs 2100 for

2 units of chair & 3 units of table

Question: A diet for a sick person
must contains at least 4000 units of
vitamins, 50 units of minerals and
1400 units of calories. Two foods X
and Y are available at a cost of Rs 40
and Rs 30 per unit respectively. One
unit of the food X contains 200 units
of vitamins, 1 unit of minerals and 40

units of calories, where as one unit of

food Y contains 100 units of vitamins,
2 units of minerals and 40 units of
calories. Find what combinations of X
and Y should be used to have least
cost, satisfying the requirements?
Solution: Let units of food A be x
Let units of food B be y

Vitamin Provided by food A = 200x

Vitamin Provided by food B = 100y
Minimum vitamin requirement = 1400
Hence for Vitamin
200x + 100y 4000 => 2x + y
40
Similarly for Calories
40x + 40y 1400 => x + y 35

Similarly for minerals

x + 2y 50
Also,
Z = 40x + 30y
We have to minimize Z w.r.t. above
constraints

The solution set of the linear

constraints is shaded in the figure.
The vertices of the linear constraints
of the shaded region are A(50,0)
B(0,40) C(5,30) and D(20,15)

Corner Points

Value of Z

A(50,0)
B(0,40)
C(5,30)
D(20,15)

2000
1200
1100
1250

Hence minimum value of Z is Rs 1100

When Food A = 5 units &
Food B = 30 units are used

Question: A man owns a field of area

1000
sq m. He wants to plant fruit trees in
it. He has sum of Rs 1400 to purchase
young trees. He has choice for two
types of trees mango trees and
banana trees which require 10 sq m
costing Rs 20 per tree and 20 sq m
costing Rs 25 per tree respectively.

When they are fully grown they

produce an average of 20 kg of
mangoes and 40 kg of bananas which
can be sold at a profit of Rs 20 per kg
and Rs 15 per kg respectively. How
many of each type should be planted
to achieve maximum profit when
trees are fully grown ?
Solution: Let no. of mango trees be x

Let no. of banana trees be

y
A.T.Q.
When trees are fully Grown
Profit on fruits of mango trees = Rs
400x
Profit on fruits of banana trees = Rs
1600y

Total profit Z = 400x + 1600y

We have to maximize Z with subject
to constraints
20x + 25y 1400
280

=> 4x + 5y

10x + 20y 1000

100

=> x + 2y

The solution set of the linear

constraints is shaded in the figure.
The vertices of the linear constraints
of the shaded region are A(0,0)
B(20,40) C(0,50) and D(70,0)
Corner Points
A(0,0)
B(20,40)
C(0,50)

Value of Z
0
32,000
30,000

D(70,0)
28,000
Z attains maximum value of Rs
32,000 at B(20,40)
Hence No. of Mango trees required =
20
No. of Banana trees required = 40
Maximum Profit = Rs 32,000

GRAPH
140000

120000

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LINE 1

80000

LINE 2
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60000

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20000

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20000

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120000

140000

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LINE 1

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LINE 2

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LINE 1
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LINE 2
LINE 3

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15

10

0
0

10

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30

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50

60

Graph
1200

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800

LINE 1
LINE 2

600

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200

0
0

100

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500

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0
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