IMPORTANT 2 MARKS

FLUID MECHANICS AND MACHINERY

1. Calculate the specific weight and specific gravity of 1 litre of a liquid with a
density of 713.5kg/m3 and which weighs 7N.
2. Define the term Kinematic Viscosity and give its dimension.
3. Define compressibility.
4. What are Non Newtonian fluids? Give examples.
5. A soap bubble is formed when the inside pressure is 5 N/m 2 above the
atmospheric pressure. If surface tension in the soap bubble is 0.0125 N/m,
find the diameter of the bubble formed.
6. Distinguish between atmospheric pressure and gauge pressure.
7. Differentiate between laminar and turbulent flow.
8. Define: Bulk modulus.
9. Write down Bernoullis equation of motion for ideal and real fluid.
10.Write the continuity equation.
11. Define Vapour Pressure.
12. Define surface tension.
13.Define the terms: Density and specific weight
14.What is the variation of viscosity with temperature for fluids?
15.Define (a) Dynamic viscosity and (b) Kinematic viscosity.
16.A soap bubble is formed when the inside pressure is 5 N/m 2 above the
atmospheric pressure. If surface tension in the soap bubble is 0.0125 N/m,
find the diameter of the bubble formed.
17.Write down Bernoullis equation of motion for ideal and real fluid.
18.Differentiate between laminar and turbulent flow.
19.Write down Eulers equation of motion.
20.Define: Compressibility and Bulk modulus.
List the types of fluid flow.
16 MARKS
1.(a) An oil film of thickness 1.5 mm is used for lubrication between a
square plate of size 0.9m *0.9m and an inclined plane having an angle of
inclination 20.The weight of square plate is 392.4 N and its slides down the
plane with a uniform velocity of 0.2 m/s. find the dynamic viscosity of the
oil.
OR
(b) Calculate the capillary rise in glass tube of 3mm diameter when
immersed in
mercury, take the surface tension and angle of contact of mercury as 0.52
N/m and 130 respectively. Also determine the minimum size of the glass

tube, if it is immersed in water, given that the surface tension of water is

0.0725 N/m and Capillary rise in tube is not exceed 0.5mm
2.(a) A 15cm diameter vertical cylinder rotates concentrically inside another
cylinder of diameter 15.10cm. Both cylinders are 25 cm high. The space
between the cylinders is filled with a liquid whose viscosity is unknown. If a
torque of 12.0 Nm is required to rotate the inner cylinder at 100 r.p.m,
determine the viscosity of the fluid.
OR
(b) A simple U tube manometer containing mercury is connected to a pipe
in which a fluid of specific gravity 0.8 and having vacuum pressure is
flowing. The other end of the manometer is open to atmosphere. Find the
vacuum pressure in pipe, if the difference of mercury level in the two limbs
is 40cm and the height of the fluid in the left from the center of pipe is 15
cm below.
3. (a) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 20 cm and 10
cm at section 1 and 2 respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35
liters/s. The section 1 is 6 m above the datum and the section 2 is 4 m above
the datum. If the pressure at section 1 is 39.24 N/cm 2, find the intensity of
pressure at section 2.
OR
(b) With basic assumptions derive the Bernoullis Equation from the Eulers
Equation.
4.(a) A 30 cm diameter pipe, conveying water, branches into two pipes of
diameters 20 cm and 15 cm respectively. If the average velocity in the 30 cm
diameter pipe is 2.5 m/s, find the discharge in this pipe. Also determine the
velocity in 15 cm pipe if the average velocity in 20 cm diameter pipe is 2
m/s.
OR
(b) Derive the continuity equation in three dimensions.
5. (a) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 30 cm and 20
cm at section 1 and 2 respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35
liters/s. The section 1 is 8 m above the datum and the section 2 is 6 m above
the datum. If the pressure at section 1 is 44.5 N/cm 2, find the intensity of
pressure at section 2.

OR
(b) Derive the Eulers equation of motion and deduce the expression to
Bernoullis equation.
6. (a) The space between two square flat parallel plates is filled with oil. Each
side of the plate is 60 cm. The thickness of the oil is 12.5mm. The upper plate,
which moves at 2.5 m /s, requires force of 98.1 N to maintain the speed.
Determine (i) the dynamic viscosity of the oil in poise, and (ii) the kinematic
viscosity of the oil in strokes, if the specific gravity of the oil is 0.95
OR
(b) Calculate the dynamic viscosity of the oil which is used for lubrication
between a square plate of size 0.8m X 0.8m and an inclined plane with angle
of inclination 30. The weight of the square plate is 330N and it slides down
the inclined plane with a uniform velocity of 0.3m/s. The thickness of the oil
film is 1.5mm.
7.(a) (A) One liter one liter of crude oil weighs 9.6 N. Calculate its Specific
weight, density and specific weight.
(4)
(B) The Velocity Distribution for flow over a flat plate is given by u= (2/3)yy2, Where u is the point velocity in meter per second at a distance y meter
above the plate. Determine the shear stress at y=0 and y=15 cm. Assume
dynamic viscosity as 8.63 poises.
(12)
8. (a) A 15cm diameter vertical cylinder rotates concentrically inside another
cylinder of diameter 15.10cm. Both cylinders are 25 cm high. The space
between the cylinders is filled with a liquid whose viscosity is unknown. If a
torque of 12.0 Nm is required to rotate the inner cylinder at 100 r.p.m,
determine the viscosity of the fluid.
OR
(b) (i) Calculate the pressure exerted by 5kg of nitrogen gas at a
temperature of 10 0C.Assume ideal gas law is applicable.
(4)
(ii) Calculate the capillary effect in glass tube 5mm diameter, when
immersed in (1)water and (2) mercury. The surface tension of water and
mercury in contact with air are 0.0725 N/m and 0.51 N/m respectively. The
angle of contact of mercury of mercury is 130.
(12)

9. (a) An oil film of thickness 1.5 mm is used for lubrication between a square
plate of size 0.9m *0.9m and an inclined plane having an angle of inclination
20.The weight of square plate is 392.4 N and its slides down the plane with a
uniform velocity of 0.2 m/s. find the dynamic viscosity of the oil.
OR
(b) A liquid is compressed in a cylinder having a volume of 0.012m 3 at a
pressure of 690 N/cm2. What should be the new pressure in order to make its
volume 0.0119 m3? Assume bulk modulus of elasticity (K) for liquid = 6.9 x
104N/cm2.
10. (a) The water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 30 cm and 20 cm
at section 1 and 2 respectively. The rate of flow through pipe is 35 liters/s. The
section 1 is 8 m above the datum and the section 2 is 6 m above the datum. If
the pressure at section 1 is 44.5 N/cm 2, find the intensity of pressure at section
2.
OR
(b) Derive the Eulers equation of motion and deduce the expression to
Bernoullis equation.