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Example
Program: RFEM 5
Category: Geometrically Linear Analysis, Isotropic Nonlinear Elasticity, Isotropic Plasticity, Orthotropic Plasticity, Member, Plate
Verification Example: 0019 Plastic Bending - Moment Load
Geometry
Elastic-Plastic
Cantilever
Load
Modulus of
Elasticity
Poisson's
Ratio
Shear
Modulus
105000.000 MPa
Plastic
Strength
fy
240.000 MPa
Length
2.000 m
Width
0.005 m
Thickness
0.005 m
Bending
Moment
6.000 Nm
210000.000 MPa
0.000
Small deformations are considered and the self-weight is neglected in this example. Determine
the maximum deflection uz,max .
width w
t
plastic zone
x
z
L
Figure 1: Problem sketch
Analytical Solution
Linear Analysis
Considering linear analysis (only elasticity) the maximum deflection of the structure can be calculated as follows:
uz,max =
ML 2
= 1.097 m
2EIy
(19 1)
0019 1
Nonlinear Analysis
The cantilever is loaded by the bending moment M. The quantities of this load are discussed at
first. The moment Me when the first yield occurs and the ultimate moment Mp when the structure
becomes plastic hinge are calculated as follows
t/2
t/2
Me = 2 (z)zw dz = 2
0
2fy 2
fy wt 2
z w dz =
= 5.000 Nm
t
6
(19 2)
t/2
t/2
Mp = 2 (z)zw dz = 2 fy zw dz =
0
fy wt 2
= 7.500 Nm
4
(19 3)
fy
fy
x
fy
zp
M = Mp
Mp > M > Me
M = Me
zp =
fy
(x)E
(19 4)
where (x) is the curvature defined as (x) = d2 uz /dx 2 [1]. The elastic-plastic moment Mep in the
cross-section (internal force) has to equal to the bending moment M (external force).
zp
t/2
(19 5)
zp
1
t2
3( 4 M )
fy w
(19 6)
The total deflection of the structure uz,max is calculated using the Mohr's integral
L
(19 7)
0019 2
RFEM 5 Settings
Results
Structure File
Entity
Material model
Hypothesis
0019.01
Plate
Orthotropic Plastic 2D
0019.02
Plate
0019.03
Member
Isotropic Plastic 1D
0019.04
Plate
Isotropic Nonlinear
Elastic 2D/3D
von Mises
0019.05
Plate
Isotropic Nonlinear
Elastic 2D/3D
Tresca
Model
Analytical Solution
uz,max
[m]
RFEM 5
uz,max
[m]
Ratio
[-]
Orthotropic Plastic 2D
1.190
1.008
Isotropic Plastic
2D/3D, Plate
1.173
0.994
Isotropic Plastic 1D
1.180
1.000
1.189
1.008
1.189
1.008
Isotropic Nonlinear
Elastic 2D/3D, Plate,
Mises
1.180
Isotropic Nonlinear
Elastic 2D/3D, Plate,
Tresca
References
[1] LUBLINER, J. Plasticity theory. Berkeley: University of California, 1990.
0019 3