VISUAL ARTS

Upper Primary
Objectives
At this stage of school education children can handle a little more complex materials and
themes. So far whatever they have grasped developed and experienced earlier can be
developed further. Following will be the objectives;
To work together on small an large projects
To encourage students for free expression and creativity.
To acquaint students with basic elements/principles of design.
Understanding the basic characteristics of different techniques, mediums and its
practical applications.
To develop an insight towards sensibility and aesthetic appreciation.
To make children understand cultural diversity by recognizing different traditional art
forms prevalent in the country.
Students who attain academic standards in the visual arts will be able to use the arts to think
and learn independently, know themselves and the world around them, and communicate in
the art forms studied. To ensure that students attain these standards and capabilities, they
must be immersed in numerous opportunities to learn about, perform, create, and evaluate
the arts.

Content, Methods and Materials

At upper primary stage, art education programme should comprise, handling of the materials
for drawing, painting, collage, clay modelling and construction of puppets; creating artistic
things by free expression method, learn simple concepts of visual arts, knowledge of works
of well known artists both contemporary as well as historical etc. Emphasis should be laid on
the use of learners own imagination and development of his/her own concepts and
expression through observation and exploration. He/she should be enabled to develop a
sense of organization and design because aesthetic arrangements permeating all life
become source for joy and satisfaction. The activities from events of life around, nature and
environment, human and animal figures, free hand sketching, designing of book covers,
cards, folders, tie and dyeing, printing and embroidery to create a textile etc. can easily be
learnt at this stage. At this stage, children should develop a sense of perspective, proportion,
depth, light and shade, tactile feeling by using different media like pencil, pastel, poster
colour, watercolour, collage, pen and ink/ brush and ink, mixing mediums, linocut, computer
as a tool of expression etc. They can also use different sizes and quality of paper. They
should be encouraged to work together is small and large groups. The students should be
given the opportunity to maintain the resources of the art room, taken to workshops,
museums and exhibitions. The exercises done at this stage should be undertaken to provide

context, with the purpose for exploration, having expression and evaluation of ideas and
feelings where units of work are developed from themes and linked by a set of activities. The
realization of context and purpose will enable pupils to see, respond and make meaningful
works and relate their work to real world experiences having meaningful themes for the
students learning experiences, which must be of interest to pupils, be relevant to their
development and environment while providing a stimulating starting point. These themes or
content can broadly be related to the following suggested fields to enable pupils to study a
range of tangible and abstract subjects and issues. Few themes, which are not exclusive,
are as follows:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.

v.

Objects
People
Traditions
Environment
Experiences

Objects:
Objects can tell us about place and time, the practices, habits and beliefs of people. By
exploring objects from different areas and cultures, students may wish to investigate how
materials and function affect design and appearance of objects. Pupils can also develop
design concepts into utilitarian pieces or objects of beauty without a specific function.

People:
People are always curious about themselves and others. Throughout history, the human
figure has inspired the works of many artists. Students may wish to investigate appearances,
personalities, moods and attitudes of individuals and or cultures.

Traditions:
Traditions reflect ideas, concepts, values held by different people in different parts of the
country and the world. By looking at similarities and differences, students learn to respect
and appreciate the diversity of cultures.

Environments:
The themes here use the senses as a starting point and requires the students to extend their
observation and interpretation of objects and images from the world they live in. These
themes would provide avenues for expression of the natural and man-made environments
and would look at issues affecting the world.

Experiences:
The themes in this category would include events and experiences, either remembered,
imagined or evoked through the use of stimulus materials. Pupils can explore ideas,
concepts, memories and feelings, which may be universal and at the same time deeply
personal. It would involve ideas about emotion, human condition, cultural values and
identities.

Media:
The instruction of media examines howMaterials
Methods
Techniques and stylistic qualities of each or combined media communicates the work that
students make. Each medium possesses its own unique characteristics and qualities in
application. Students should be encouraged to experiment with a range of media and be
guided in aiming at the desired expression. They can mix different media for creative
interpretation and communication of ideas. Students should thus be guided to think,
understand, apply the qualities of the media in context to the objectives and effects desired
rather than be solely trained on the technicalities of the media.
Development of skills among students is not possible inside the four walls of a
classroom alone. Therefore, the teacher should give them chance by taking them in
open surroundings.
Field Visits: School garden, public place like a community park, museum, monument, craft
fair, local fair, a village pond. While at picnic, travel or tour, students can keep their
sketchbook, paper, pencils etc. with them and make quick sketches too.
Outdoor Sketching: Sketching outside classroom is a fruitful activity for students. In school
premises, trees, plants or any part of the school building can be sketched. Taking students
outside classroom is a very challenging job for a teacher. The activities should be planned
properly. Therefore, before taking the students out, they should be instructed properly
regarding their conduct and the objectives of the activity.
Celebration of National Days: Teachers can encourage students to prepare posters,
placards and invitation cards related to celebrations of national days like Republic Day,
Independence Day, etc. Teachers can guide students in groups to research historic
characters and events of significance.
Festivals, special days: Festivals, rituals, holidays, birthdays of national leaders are
important occasions. Students can be asked to research about their significance, history and
importance. They can interview their families and community members about their past
memories of celebrations. Dances, songs, drama, and food festivals can be organized in
collaboration with artistic decoration of classroom with the help of the teacher.
Visit to a Museum, Gallery, Exhibition, Monuments, a Religious sites: Information
regarding man, animals and birds, culture, art, science, etc., from prehistoric to space age
can be found in different museums. It has a utility and correlation with all subjects and
students can benefit immensely if trips can be arranged. Students should be taken to
exhibitions. It is an opportunity to expose them to modern and traditional forms of art. While
seeing and discussing the exhibited works, students become aware of different art forms,
their origin, technique of preparation etc. Exhibitions can also be organized in school

premises where students can display their own works in rotation. Religious sites are an
excellent place to develop a sense of respect, pride and awareness towards sculpture,
scriptures as well as architecture, traditions and historic information.

Class VI
Content
Object based exercises
Learn to create simple one or two objects.
Attempt to observe and draw objects through a grid using
measurements and construction lines as instructed by the
teacher.
Cut out objects from magazines/books or trace outlines of
objects and fill them up with your own creative
images/designs/colours.
Paint interiors emphasizing on objects and arrangement (my
room, kitchen, inside a library, barber shop etc.)
Understand the colour chart, colour mixing (create a chart in the
shape of an object you like
People based Exercises
Attempt to paint simple subjects such as my school, birthday
party, picnic, shops and shopkeeper, rainy day etc.)
Use simple images to paint people in imaginary settings such as
my room inside a tree trunk, walking through a water pipe (helps
to heighten both fantasy and joy of imagination)
Learn to draw and sketch simple figures of a boy or girl from life
in the class.
Use old photographs from family album and associate each
member with colours, shapes or forms that the student is
reminded of.
Tradition Based Exercises
Talk to elders at home and research and draw their existence in
traditions or different earlier timelines (culturally, traditionally
oriented exercise)
Drawing and painting based on various traditional and
mythological stories/epics or religious tales (references can be
taken from comics like amar chitra katha, calendars, actual wall
paintings, historical sites etc.)

Methods

Material

Drawing:
contour line, rendering,
value,
shading,
crosshatching

sketching, pencils, colored pencils,

hatching, markers, chalks, crayons,
oil pastels, charcoals

Painting:
wet-on-wet, wet-on-dry, sponge, wash, poster colours, watercolor,
crayons; variety of surfaces,
watercolor techniques of sponging
brushes and paint
applicators
Printmaking:
found objects, printing ink,
relief, frottage (rubbing)
stencil

Ceramics:

pinch and pulled forms, slab, drape modelling clay, clay

mold,
coil,
surface
decoration substitutes, glazes, stains,
paint
techniques

Sculpture /architecture:
carving,
additive,
modelling, constructing

Fibers:

subtractive, paper, papier-mch, clay,

plaster, fiber cardboard,
wood paper, foil, found
objects, beads, wire, foam

cloth, yarn, ribbon, found

pulling threads, weaving, stitchery,
objects
tying and wrapping techniques,
braiding, basketry

Environment Based Exercises

Mixed media:
Attempt to paint simple environmental subjects such as my collage, bas-relief
school, village pond, zoo, village school, my garden etc.
Create collage/painting/cut out environment based pictures from
old magazines or newspapers, collect rocks, leaves, shells etc.
and develop an environment based awareness corner in your
classroom or art room (ideal as a group activity)
Experience based exercises
Depict experiences with weather, shortage of necessities in
daily life
Share experiences related to popular images and icons or
comics/movies/games and sports and create a personal diary or
art logbook with drawings, sketches, thoughts, droodles etc.
about the same (e.g. Cricket, favourite actor or actress, comic
characters, particular state their food, costumes, crafts etc.)

cloth, tissue, photos, found

objects, foil, fiber, paint,
paper, paper, reeds, rope

Class VII
Content
Object based exercises
Select objects of daily use such as bottles, pots, keys, spoons etc.
and arrange them to understand space, arrangement and design
and development of drawing
Use waste or discarded objects such as lids, threads, buttons,
beads, mirrors, etc. with a painting medium. To be decorated with
folk or regional elements or inspiration (as instructed by teachers)
Study of objects through conscious arrangement to develop both
skill as well as observation (still life with drapery, pots, utensils,
books)
Print, emboss with simple objects such as coins, combs, leaves,
etc. to learn about texture, simple shading and impressions
(recommended use with printmaking and sculpture)
People based Exercises
Learn to draw the basics of a human figure. Draw the basic
proportionate divisions (teacher instructed and demonstrated
exercise)
Learn how to paint/ colour the human figure with experimental
drawing and colour approach
Collect pictures of human forms in different postures and actions
to form a ready reference album (retrieved from magazines,
books, newspapers, photographs etc.)
Paint/colour the human figure from a more involved and sensitive
approach such family members engaged in different activities at
home, a family picnic or dinner, getting ready for school, birthday
party etc.
Tradition Based Exercises
Draw and paint from topics, which involve and explore traditions
through festivals such as Dusshera, Diwali, Id, Gurupurab,

Methods

Material

Drawing
Contour line, rendering, sketching, value, Pencils, colored pencils,
markers, chalks, crayons, oil
shading, crosshatching, stippling
pastels, charcoals
Painting
Wet-on-wet, wet-on-dry, sponge, wash, Tempera,
watercolor,
watercolor techniques of sponging, watercolor crayons; variety of
salting, and masking
surfaces, brushes and paint
Printmaking
Relief (linoleum cutting),
Ceramics

Found objects, printing ink,

stencil, textile ink applicators

Processes: pinch and pulled forms, slab, Modelling

clay,
clay
drape mold, coil, surface decoration substitutes, glazes, paint
techniques
Sculpture/Architecture/Jewellary
Carving, additive, subtractive, modelling, Paper, papier-mch, clay,
constructing, casting
plaster, fiber cardboard,
wood paper, foil, found
objects, beads, sand, balsa,
wire, foam etc.
Fiber
Pulling threads, weaving, stitchery, tying
and wrapping techniques, braiding, Cloth, yarn, ribbon, found
objects, paper, reeds, rope
basketry
Mixed Media:
Collage, bas-relief
Tissue, photos, found
objects, foil, fiber, paint,

Pongal, Onam, Bihu, Christmas etc. (Class discussions and

inputs from children can be useful as inspiration and information.
Other regional festivals and cultural activities can also be
discussed in relation to the location of the schools)
To visit museums, galleries if in cities and local craftsmen,
artisans in villages and homes of students from different regional
backgrounds (eg. Kashmiris, Gujratis, Assamese etc.) Study and
draw from objects being used in their households, and handed
down through the family traditions and inheritance. (Interesting
discussions and interdisciplinary progammes based on regional
dance and music can simultaneously be organized by the
students with help of teachers for their own benefit and
enjoyment)
Environment Based Exercises
To learn to observe, experience, and enjoy nature and do nature
study such as learning to render and draw trees, birds, and the
local surroundings e.g. school lawns or playground, fields,
vegetable garden etc.
Paint a local scene by understanding its geographical setting, its
influence on the objects, people, their occupations and nature.
(e.g. Hill station, seaside, deserts, cities and villages) and
develop an environment based awareness corner in your
classroom or art room (ideal as a group activity)
Experience based exercises
Create and paint masks (inspired from existing tribal, religious
or dance masks as well as imaginary demonic, space age,
robots etc.) using the basic elements of art such as line and
colour (an effective way to observe, experience and display
emotions such as fear, joy, anger, hatred etc.)
To exploit the basic experiences of sleeping, dreaming, eating,
crying etc. through compositional topics such as sleeping in the
school bus, eating tiffin, bathing in the village pond, milking your
cow etc.

paper

Class VIII
Content
Object based exercises
Objects to be selected by the teacher to make students
understand light and shade, texture and arrangement (to be
drawn and shaded) .
Learn to create simple objects such as matchbox covers, book
covers, pens, shoes etc using decorative native elements
alongside modern options. (Use the resources from local folk
arts and traditions)
Draw and paint objects that heighten emotions in a composition
such as festivity and joy, sadness and sorrow. (Interactive
discussions recommended)
Personalise and create objects on nature, flora and fauna such
as a hairclip in the form of a butterfly or a rabbit or a shoe.
(Material/craft based)
People based Exercises
To draw the movement capable in a human figure or a group of
figures in an arranged space or abstraction.
To paint the human figure with colour, the colour used to
heighten the aspect of time and space, in occupation or
relaxation.
Draw and paint figures from mythology, history to understand
distinctions and differences in the approach to the human figure.
(Discuss iconography)
Paint the human figure in composition topics involving
movement such as sport activities, football matches, cricket, or
dancing and theatre etc.
Tradition Based Exercises
Draw and paint traditional but personal themes from and
involving tradition such as marriage in the family, birth etc.
To draw and develop designs for traditional crafts such as

Methods

Material

Drawing:
colored
Contour line, rendering, sketching, value, shading, Pencils,
pencils,
markers,
crosshatching, stippling, one-point perspective
chalks, crayons, oil
pastels, charcoals,
pastels,
contecrayon
Painting:
wet-on-wet, wet-on-dry, sponge, wash, resist, Tempera
watercolor techniques of sponging, salting, and watercolor,
watercolor crayons;
masking
variety of surfaces,
brushes and paint
applicators
Printmaking:
found objects,
calligraphic, relief (linoleum cutting), silkscreen.
printing ink, stencil,
textile ink
Ceramics:
pinch and pulled forms, slab, drape mold, coil, modelling clay, clay
substitutes, glazes,
surface decoration techniques, incising
stains, paint
Sculpture/Architecture/Jewellary:
carving,
additive,
subtractive,
constructing, casting, enameling

modelling, paper, papiermch, clay,

plaster, fiber
cardboard, wood
paper, foil, found
objects, beads,
sand, balsa, wire,

jewellery, pots, hand fans, textiles etc.

Environment Based Exercises
Learn to draw animals and birds in detail including skeletal
study (basics to understand movement)
Paint an environmental setting in an urban/rural setting
capturing the flavour and heritage
Experience based exercises
Learn to create simple cartoons on interaction with people or
prominent personalities
To depict experiences about people and places through the
travelers eye

foam, copper
Fibers:
pulling threads, weaving, stitchery,
wrapping techniques, braiding, basketry

Mixed media:

tying

and cloth, yarn, batik

wax and dyes,
ribbon, found
objects, paper,
reeds, rope, tie-dye
tissue, photos,
found objects, foil,
fiber, paint, paper
collage, bas-relief

computer,
New Media:
computer processes and introduction to basic design interactive
computer
software
programs, camera,
digital camera,
photography

Secondary Stage
Objectives
At the secondary stage of school education students will have the choice of opting for one of
the following arts education subjects: arts, music, dance or theatre. The experience of free
and creative expression, acquaintance with the basic elements of arts and design at upper
primary stage, have helped the students develop required aesthetic sensibility and skills in
different media and techniques, which should enable them to select visual arts as medium of
expression at secondary stage of school education.
Joyful experience
To refining aesthetic sensibilities based on earlier experiences.
To expose the learner to the cultural diversity of the country through folk art forms,
local specific arts and other cultural components leading to an awareness and
appreciation of national heritage.
To develop a perspective of artistic and creative expression through experimentation
with different tools, techniques and medium in two and three dimensional visual art
forms. values for social and cultural harmony leading to global peace.

Content, Materials and Methods

Two Dimensional or Pictorial arts:
Drawing and Painting
Collage making
Print making
Photography and computer Graphics (Wherever possible)
Rangoli/ Mandna/ Wall painting (State/region specific traditional art forms)
To express original experiences freely and spontaneously, learning to observe; development
of sense of perspective, proportion, size, depth, light and shade, tactile feeling, season, time,
mood etc. are some of the components children at this stage must learn. Basic knowledge of
human body and its proportion, compositions based on various themes, knowledge of
local/traditional art forms, sense of perspective in addition to class VIII can be included in the
syllabus. They may be given projects leading to creative expression and experience,
participate in inter-group, inter-school art activities, taken to study trips, given chance to
interaction with artists in the community, explore traditional art forms in the community and
neighborhood. Promoting values related to other core components in education like Indias
common cultural heritage, history of freedom movement, national identity, constitutional
obligations, current social issues and protection of environment, still life etc. may be given for
compositions. Students during two years of secondary stage must be allowed to work in at
least 3 mediums using pencil, pastel, water or oil based colour, collage, linocut, pen and ink,
mixed mediums.

Three Dimensional Arts

Sculpture (using locally available materials)
Clay modelling
Terracotta
Carving and relief work
Papier mache
Mask making
Construction (using waste materials)
Pottery (If possible)
Installation
Plaster of Paris, different types of clay, Papier Mache, sketching practice, making of
armature, pottery (hand made) and ceramic work may be included for three dimensional
expression. They can be encouraged to make useful products like pottery items for the
school or home.

Theory of Arts
Suggested activities for class IX
At this stage, theory should be included alongwith the practical study. In theory, students can
be made aware about contemporary artists, their style of working, paintings, sculptures,
relief works in architecture of various periods. Art history to come as various isms and style
then leading on to more information on artist who specially interest the child rather than
impose study of work of certain artist etc. It would be advisable if a sense to critically analyze
art works, as how and why works of art, craft and design change over in various times and
from one place to another can be developed among them. They can also review their own
and others work and express their own views about it by seeing and observing original
works and reproductions, going to galleries and museums, and using the Internet.
Community based project work can also be given to them.

Suggested activities for class IX

Themes

Methods and Materials for

two dimensional arts

Tradition
based

Introduction of the topic / theme to create interest and positive

environment, to
Gather information from different sources, to be shared and
discussed in the class.
Sharing of information by the students followed by a
discussion on different aspects of the festivals/events/folk,
traditional, tribal dance, games and sports etc.
Students should be given freedom to select the medium of
their choice to express them self on the particular theme or
topic in a group or individually.
While selecting material (locally available) students should be
encouraged to plan, explore different mediums such as:
Drawing and Painting, Collage making, Print making,
Photography and Computer Graphics (Wherever possible)
Rangoli/ Mandna/ Wall painting.
Students should express using texture and tones with
different materials like pencil, crayon, pastel, water colour,
poster colour, sketch pens, magazine/paper cutting, etc.

Environment
based

Introduction of the Nature and its ever changing moods for

environment building.
View/show clippings of different seasons, natural calamities
followed by a discussion on different aspects of the nature.
Students should be given freedom to select the medium of
their choice to express themselves on the particular mood or
season in a group or individually.
While selecting medium and materials (locally available)
students should be encouraged to plan, explore different
mediums such as:
Drawing and Painting, Collage making, Print making,
Photography and Computer Graphics (Wherever possible),
Rangoli/ Mandna/ Wall painting.

Methods and Materials for

Three dimensional arts
Sharing of information by the students followed by a
discussion on different aspects of the festival/event/local
event and place of role of 3-D art forms in the celebration
Ganesha Utsava, Dussehra, Deepavali, X-Mas, Jatras, etc.
Students should be given freedom to select the appropriate
medium of their choice to express themselves on the
particular theme or topic in a group or individually.
While selecting material (locally available) students should be
encouraged to plan, explore different mediums such as:
Sculpture (using locally available materials), Clay modelling,
Terracotta, Carving and relief work, Papier mache, Mask
making, Construction (using waste materials), Pottery (If
possible) installation and material to explore and express
texture, shape and size with different 3-D mediums like clay,
Plaster of Paris (POP), wood, wax, wire, paper, card board/
hard board/ ply, etc.
Use of computers to create 3-D images and installation plans
(if available), which provides tremendous freedom and speed
to explore and experiment without pressure of material
wastage or shortage.
To observe different Animals/ birds/ leaves/ plants/ human
figures, followed by a discussion on different aspects, such
as; habitats, foods and shelters ,different forms of leaves,
plants and trees.
Students should be given freedom to select the medium of
their choice to express in simple forms/figures in a group or
individually.
While selecting material (locally available), students should be
encouraged to plan, explore different mediums and materials
such as:
clay modelling, Plaster of Paris, paper crafts, papier mechie,
wax molding, wire molding, card boards, wood/ply etc.
Students should be guided / motivated to arrange/install the

Objects
based

People based

Students should be encouraged to express using texture and

tones with different 2-D mediums, like; pencil, crayon, pastel,
water colour, poster colour, sketch pens, paper prints,
photographs, etc.
Discussion with the students on object of daily use (fruits,
vegetables and man made objects) around us focusing on
shapes, sizes, coulors, textures and beautification.
Sketch/drawing of objects of choice by individual student.
Organize still life of the selected group of objects for the
whole class in semi-circle seating arrangement.
It is proposed that teacher demonstrates the right methods of
object/still life drawing such as; space arrangement, taking
measurements, ratio and proportion, light and shade,
perspective, colour and texture.
Students should be motivated to use different materials for
better effects.
Identification of issues of social concerns; gender equality,
violence of different types, child marriage, conservation and
protection, social and cultural values, terrorism, peace and
harmony, dignity of labour, population, health and hygiene,
drug abuse, child abuse etc. through discussion mode and
prepare a list to work on issues of individual choice.
Assignment to gather information on selected issues from
different sources, to initiate discussion.
Detailed discussion on the selected issue from various
angles.
Suitable medium and materials (Drawing, painting, collage,
print, photographs, computer graphics, poster, wall painting
etc.) can be explored to facilitate free expression.

objects created by them in different compositions/styles, in the

space selected or provided for the purpose.

Students after discussion should be divided in groups to make

different objects. For better management it is suggested that
different groups should be given different subjects such as ;
fruits, vegetables, man made objects (huts, carts/vehicles,
utensils, toys, furniture etc.).
All the three dimensional materials ( clay, POP, paper, papier
mechie, wax, wire card boards, wood/ply etc.) should be
explored for this purpose.
Students should be guided / motivated to arrange/install the
objects created by them in different compositions/styles, in the
space selected or provided for the purpose.

Visit to Historical and National monuments, museums and

artisans etc.
Creation of 3D models on various themes such as; peace,
justice, courage and bravery, small family norms, equality,
literacy, dignity of labor, women empowerment, progress and
development, conservation of natural resources, human
emotions and moods etc.
While selecting material (locally available) students should be
encouraged to plan, explore different mediums and materials
such as:
clay modelling, POP, paper crafts, papier mechie, wax
molding, wire molding, card boards, wood/ply etc.

Suggested Activities For Class X

Themes
Tradition
based

Environment
based

Methods and Materials for

two dimensional arts
Introduction of the topic /theme to create interest and
positive environment, to gather information from
different sources.
Sharing of information by the students followed by a
discussion
on
different
aspects
of
the
festivals/events/folk and traditional, tribal dances,
games and sports etc.
Students should be given freedom to select the
medium of their choice to express themselves on the
particular theme or topic in a group or individually.
While selecting material (locally available) students
should be encouraged to plan, explore different
mediums such as:
Drawing and Painting, Collage making, Print making,
Photography and computer Graphics (Wherever
possible
Rangoli/ Mandna/ Wall painting.
Students should express using texture and tones with
different mediums like pencil, crayon, pastel, water
colour, papers, photographs, poster colour, sketch
pens etc.
Introduction to Nature and its varied moods to motivate
students for keen observation of different seasons,
natural calamities, its relation with other life forms,
followed by a discussion.
Students should be given freedom to select the
medium of their choice to express themselves on the
particular mood of season or nature in a group or
individually.
While selecting materials (local specific) students
should be encouraged to plan, explore different
mediums such as: Drawing and Painting, Collage
making Print making, Photography and computer
Graphics (Wherever possible),
Rangoli/ Mandna/ Wall painting

Methods and Materials for

Three dimensional arts
At this level Students should be
encouraged to work in groups and
organize display / installation of their
work.
Sharing of information by the students
followed by a discussion on different
aspects of the festival/event.
The group should be given freedom to
plan and select the appropriate medium
to express themselves on the particular
theme.
While selecting materials
(locally
available)
students
should
be
encouraged
to
explore
different
mediums such as:
Sculpture (using locally available
materials), Clay modelling, Terracotta,
Carving and relief work, Papier mache,
Mask making, Construction (using waste
materials),
Pottery
(If
possible)
Installation.
To observe and sketch different Animals/
birds/
leaves/
plants/
human
figures,habitats/ shelters.
The groups should be given freedom to
select the medium of their choice to
express in simple forms/figures in a
group or individually.
While selecting material students should
be encouraged to plan, explore different
3-D mediums and materials such as:
clay modelling, POP, paper crafts,
papier mechie, wax molding, wire
molding, card boards, wood/ply etc.
Students should be motivated to
organize installation of the objects

Approximate no.
of Assignments
Two Dimensional Art
Forms :
04
Works,
using
different mediums and
material
ThreeDimensional
Art
Forms:
04 assignments, using
different mediums and
material

Two Dimensional Art

Forms :
02
Works,
using
different mediums and
material
Three Dimensional Art
Forms:
02 assignments, using
different mediums and
materials

Objects based

People based

Discussion with the students on objects of daily use

(fruits, vegetables and man made objects) around us
focusing on shape, size, coulor, texture, beautification.
Sketch/drawing of objects of their choice
Organize still life of the selected group of objects for the
whole class in semi-circle seating arrangement.
It is proposed that teacher demonstrates the right
methods of object/still life drawing such as; space
arrangement, taking measurements, ratio and
proportion, light and shade, perspective, colour and
texture.
Students should be motivated to p[;use different
materials for better effects and developing advance
skills.
Patterns and designs for border, corner, centre setting
and overall design.
Identification of issues of social concerns; gender
equality, violence of different types, child marriage,
conservation and protection, social and cultural values,
terrorism, peace and harmony, dignity of labour,
population, health and hygiene, drug abuse, HIV/AIDS,
etc. through discussion mode and preparation of list of
themes.
Assignment to gather information on selected issues
from different sources to initiate discussion.
Detailed discussion on the selected issue from various
angles.
Suitable medium and materials (Drawing, painting,
collage, print, poster, wall painting etc.) can be
explored to facilitate free expression
Book covers, posters or composition can be designed
by individual or groups as decided by the teachers.

created by them in different

compositions/styles as a routine activity
Students after discussion should be
divided in groups to make different
objects. For better management it is
suggested that different groups should
be given different subjects such as ;
fruits, vegetables, man made objects
(huts, carts/vehicles, utensils, toys,
furniture etc.).
All the three dimensional materials (clay,
POP, paper, papier mechie, wax, wire
card boards, wood/ply etc.) should be
explored for this purpose.
Students should be guided / motivated to
arrange/install the objects created by
them in different compositions/styles, in
the space selected or provided for the
purpose
Visit to Historical and National
monuments, museums and artisans etc.
Creation of 3D models on various
themes such as; peace, justice, courage
and bravery, small family, equality,
literacy, dignity of labor, women
empowerment,
progress
and
development, conservation of natural
resources, human emotions and moods
etc.
While
selecting
material
(locally
available)
students
should
be
encouraged to plan, explore different
mediums and materials such as:
clay modelling, POP, paper crafts,
papier mechie, wax molding, wire
molding, card boards, wood/ply etc.

Two Dimensional Art

Forms:
04
Works,
using
different mediums and
material
Three Dimensional Art
Forms:
02 assignment, using
different mediums and
material

Two Dimensional Art

Forms:
04
Works,
using
different mediums and
material
Three Dimensional Art
Forms:
02 assignment, using
different mediums and
material

Learning Outcomes for classes VI-X

Demonstrate safe and proper use, care, and storage of media, materials, and
equipment.
Students reflect on, revise, and refine work using problem solving and critical thinking
skills.
Demonstrate evidence of reflection, thoughtfulness, and care in selecting ideas and
completing work.
Identify and apply criteria for assessment in their work, in peer critiques, and in self
assessment.
Demonstrate respect for their work and the work of others.
Students observe, select, and utilize a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas in
their work.
Demonstrate refined observational skills through accurate rendering of representational
objects and subject matter from life.
Utilize new interests, current events, or personal experiences as subject matter in the
work.
Generate symbols and subject matter and borrow ideas from an artists work in order to
communicate ideas.
Students understand and apply elements and principles of design effectively in their
work.
Apply elements (line, shape, form, texture, color, value, and space) and principles
(repetition, variety, rhythm, proportion, movement, balance, emphasis, and unity) in work
that effectively communicates their ideas.
Identify and discriminate between types of shape (geometric and organic), colors
(primary, secondary, complementary, intermediates, neutrals, tints, tones, shades, and
values), lines (characteristics, quality), textures (tactile and visual), and space
(background, middle ground, foreground, placement, perspective, overlap, negative,
converging lines positive, size, color), balance (symmetrical, asymmetrical, radial) and
the use of proportion, rhythm, variety, repetition, and movement in their work and the
works of others.
Students develop and apply skills using a variety of two dimensional and three
dimensional media, tools, and processes to create works that communicate personal
meaning.
Discriminate between visual characteristics of a variety of media and selectively use
these in their work.

Evaluation
Note: Art teacher are advised to maintain, process record diary (Log book type) to make
note of interesting observations such as;
(1)Individuality / originality (2) Initiative (3) Sustainability
(4) Interest (5) Artistic ability (6) Skill of handling medium
(7) Artistic & social behavior (8) Joyfulness / maternal satisfaction (9) Involvement
Theory component to be given with practical.

History of Visual Arts

Unit I:
(A)
The concept and meaning of visual Arts.

2-D Arts; Methods & techniques; Drawing, Painting, Still life, printing, life drawing,
composition, collage, wall painting, posters, Alpama / Rangoli / Mandra / Folk art
forms etc.
Tribal computer Graphics: Animations
(B)

3-D Arts; Methods and techniques:

Relief work, clay modelling, Hand poetry, molding, sculpture, Terracotta construction
with mixed materials.

3-D animation.
Folk / Tribal Art
(C)

Visit to local Artists/ Art studios and Artisans.

-

(E)

Interview any local artist

Elements of Arts:

Unit II: Art appreciation / brief history of Indian Art

A.

Sculptures:
(Any 2 Sculptures of every period giving brief introduction).
- Indus valley (They must have read in this till 8th standard).
- Mauryan Period
- Gupta Period
- Folk Art
- Modern / Contemporary
B.
Paintings;
- Ajanta and the mural traditions
- Miniature Paintings
- Contemporary Paintings
- Folk Art
C. Visit to Art / Craft museum / Art Galleries (report)
Visit / field trip to ; national / historical monuments
(report / photo coverage / pencil sketches)

Higher Secondary Stage

A student may offer any one of the following courses:
Painting
or
Sculpture
or
Applied Arts
Students may decide on their choice from among painting/sculpture/applied Art at the initial
stage, but the practical classes in Drawing: Nature and object Study are compulsory and
common for students of all the three subjects with the same objectives.
Under the heading sessional work, students from all the three subjects (painting, sculpture
and applied arts) are expected to work on group activities such as murals in mosaic etc. for
community and industry, in order to obtain learning and earning experience.
The following art terminologies for all the three subjects are prescribed mainly for reference
and general enrichment.
a

Elements of composition

Principles of composition

Drawing and Painting

Materials

Media of composition

Sculpture

Applied Arts

Point, line, form, colour, tone, texture and

space
Unity, harmony, balance, rhythm, emphasis
and proportion, abstraction and stylization.
Foreshortening, perspective, eye-level, fixed
point of view, vanishing point, ratio proportion
sketching, proportion sketching, drawing,
light and shade, painting still-life, landscape,
anatomy, vertical, horizontal, two and three
dimensional, transparent and opaque.
Paper, pencil, water acrylic colours, tempera
colours, poster colours, pastel colours, water
proof ink, canvas, hard-board.
Collage, mosaic, painting, mural, fresco,
batik, tie and dye.
Relief and round sculpture, modelling with
clay, terracotta, carving in wood and stone
bronze casting, metal welding.
Book cover design and illustration, cartoon,
poster, advertisements for newspaper,
magazine, hoardings and T.V. etc.,
photography, computer graphics, animation,
printing processes.

The syllabus for theory paper will be covered with two periods per week through both the
terms of the year. The syllabus for practical will be covered with six periods per week
through both the years. Sessional work will be allotted two periods per week.

The

timetable is so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for minimum of

two periods at a stretch.

Painting
Introduction
The course in Painting at Senior Secondary stage as an elective subject, which is aimed to
develop aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various important well
known aspects and modes of visual art expression in Indias rich cultural heritage. It
encompasses a wide range of practical exercises in drawing and painting to develop among
the young students, their mental faculties of observation, imagination, creation and technical
skills required for their expressions of environment and human beings.

Objectives
Theory (Outline History of Indian Art)
The objective of including an introduction to the history of Indian Art for the students is to
familiarize them with the various styles and modes of art expressions from different parts of
India. This would enrich their vision and enable them to appreciate and develop an aesthetic
sensibility to enjoy the beauty of art objects. The students will also have an opportunity to
observe and study the evolution of the morphological mutations and synthesis with other
styles and the rise of an altogether new style. The students should be made aware of art as
a human experience. The teachers should be able to expose them to the wide range of
artistic expressions, the media and the tools which were used.
The history of Indian Art is a long one. Hence the students would be acquainted with brief
glimpses of the development of Indian painting and sculpture, as are required for concept
formation. Examples included in the course of study are selected because of their aesthetic
qualities and are intended mainly as guidelines.
This paper is compulsory and common to all the three Visual Art courses. Students
should be taken for visits to Museums and a number of monuments. Group projects
in different periods of Indian art must be assigned to them.

Practical
The purpose of introducing practical exercises in Painting and other subjects is to help and
enable the students:
To develop skill of using drawing and painting material (surface, tools and equipments
etc.) effectively.
To sharpen their observation skills through study of common objects and various
geometrical and non-geometrical (i.e. organic) forms found in life and nature.
To develop their skills to draw and paint these observations.

To develop an understanding of pictorial composition (The use of the compositional

elements and the principles of painting).
To create the forms and the colour schemes in imagination with an ability to express
them effectively in drawing and painting on the surface of paper.
To express the different feelings and moods of life and nature in lines, forms and
colours.

Class XI (Theory)
One Paper

Time: 2 Hours

Units

30 Marks
Marks

An outline History of Indian Art

1.

Art of Indus Valley

2.

Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Art

3.

Temple Sculpture, Bronzes and Artistic

30

aspects of Indo-Islamic Architecture

________________________________________________________________
Unit 1: Beginning of Indian Art in Indus Valley culture:
Harappa, Mohanjo daro (Pakistan) and Lothal, Dholavira, Ropar, Kalibangan etc. in India.
Seal:
(i)

Bull (Mohenjo-daro)
Stone, 2.5x2.5x1.4 cm
(Collection: National Museum, New Delhi).

Decoration on earthen wares:

(i)

Painted earthenware (Jar; Mohenjodaro)

(Collection: National Museum, New Delhi).

Unit 2: Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Art (3rd century B.C. to 8th century A.D.)
General Introduction to Art, during Mauryan, Shunga, Kushana and Gupta periods:
Study of following Sculptures:
(i)

Lion Capital from Sarnath (Mauryan period)

Polished sand stone,
3rd Century B.C.
(Collection: Sarnath Museum, U.P.)

(ii)

Chauri Bearer from Didar Ganj (Mauryan period)

Polished sand-stone
3rd Century B.C.
(Collection: Patna Museum, Bihar)

(iii)

Bodhisattva Figure from Taxila (Gandhara)

Stone, 27.5 x 20 x 15 c. m.
Circa 2nd Cent A. D.
(Collection: Patna Museum, Bihar)

(iv)

Seated Buddha from Katra Tila, Mathura

(Kushan Period)
(Collection: Mathura Museum)

(v)

Seated Buddha in Dharmachakra mudra from Sarnath (Gupta)

Stone
5th century AD
(Collection: Sarnath Museum, U.P.)

(vi)

Jain Tirathankara
Stone,
5th Century A.D.
(Collection: State Museum, Lucknow U.P.)

Introduction to Ajanta
Location, period, Dynasty No. of caves, difference between Chaitya and Vihara, Paintings
and Sculptures, subject matters and technique.

Study of Following
Painting and Sculpture:
(i)

Padmapani Bodhisattva (Ajanta Cave No.1)

Mural Painting
5th Century A.D.

(ii)

Mara Vijaya (Ajanta Cave No.26)

Sculpture in stone,
5th Century A.D.

Unit 3: Rock cut and Temple sculpture, Bronzes and Indo - Islamic Architecture: (6th
century A.D. to 13th century A.D.)
Artistic aspects of Indian Temple Architecture and placement of sculpture based on the
example of Lakshman Temple at Khajuraho (10th Century).
Study of following sculptures from Rock cut monuments and temples:
(i)

Descent of Ganga, Stone (Pallava, 7th Century A.D, Mahabalipuram

Tamilnadu).

(ii)

Ravana shaking Mount Kailash, Stone (Rashtrakuta, 8th Century A.D.) Ellora,
Maharashtra.

(iii)

Shiva Mahadeva/ Maheshmurti, Stone (Elephanta, 7th Century A.D.),

Maharashtra.

(iv)

Dancing figures, Stone Sun Temple (Ganga Dynasty, 13th Century A.D.

Konark,

Orissa).
(v)

Mother and Child White marble (Vimla Shah Temple, Solanki Dynasty, 13th
Century A.D. Dilwara, Mount Abu, Rajasthan).

Bronzes
(i)
Introduction to Indian Bronzes
(ii)

Method of casting (solid and hollow)

Study of following south Indian Bronzes:

(i)

Nataraja (Thanjavur Distt., Tamilnadu)

Chola period, 12th Century A.D.
(Collection: National Museum, New Delhi.)

(ii)

Devi (Uma),
Chola Period 11th Century A.D.
(Collection: National Museum, New Delhi)

Artistic Aspects of the Indo-Islamic Architecture

(i)

Introduction

Study of following architectures:

(i)

Mandu/or Islamic Architecture of Gujarat

(ii)

Taj Mahal, Agra

(iii)

Gol Gumbaj of Bijapur.

Class XI (Practical)
One Paper Time: 6 Hours

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

1. Drawing: Nature and Object Study

25

2. Painting: Composition

25

3. Sessional Work

20

________________________________________________________________

Unit 1: Nature and Object Study

Study of two or three natural and geometric forms in pencil with light and shade from a fixed
point of view. Natural forms live plants, vegetables, fruits and flowers etc., are to be used.
Geometrical forms of objects based on geometrical forms like cubes, cones, prisms,
cylinders and sphere should be used.

Unit 2: Painting Composition

(i)

Simple exercises of basic design in variation of linear, geometric and rhythmic shapes

in primary and secondary colours to understand design as organized visual arrangements.

Concepts of structure, balance, rhythm.
(ii)

Compositional exercises in collage; pasting fragments of photographs, (montage)

printed pictures, textures etc. use of computer for understanding design and composition.
(iii)

Sketches from life and nature

Unit 3: Sessional Work

(i)

Five selected nature and object study drawings in any media done during the
session.

(ii)

Five selected works of paintings done during the year.

These selected works prepared during the course of study by the candidates and
certified by the school authorities, as the work done in the school will be placed
before the examiners for assessment.

Note: The timetable to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

Class XII(Theory)
One Theory Paper

2 Hours

30 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

An outline History of Indian Art

1. The Rajasthani and Pahari schools of miniature painting

10

2. The Mughal and Deccan schools of miniature painting

10

3. The Bengal School of painting and the modern trends in Indian art

10

Unit 1:The Rajasthani and Pahari Schools of Miniature Painting (16th Century
A.D to 19th Century A.D.)

Introduction to Indian Miniature Schools: Western-Indian, Pala, Rajasthani, Mughal,

Central India, Deccan and Pahari.
(A)

The Rajasthani Schools

(i)

Origin and development of following schools in brief:

Mewar, Bundi, Bikaner, Kishangarh and Jaipur, and main features of the Rajasthani
schools

(ii)

Study of the following Rajasthani paintings:

Title / Set / Painter

School

A Folio from Ramayana paintings of Sahibdin

Mewar

One Court scene or Hunting scene or Festival scene

Jagat Singh II

Mewar

One Folio from Ragamala or Rasikapriya

Bundi

One painting of Hunting scene in a Forest

with Kotah Maharaja

Kotah

Radha (Bani-Thani) by Nihal Chand

Kishangarh

Pabuji Ki Phad, Folk Scroll painting

Bhilwada

(B) The Pahari Schools:

(i)

Origin and development of Basohli, Guler and Kangra

schools in brief and main

features of the Pahari schools

(ii)

Study of the following Pahari Paintings:

Title / Set / Painter

School

One Folio of Ramayana

(Sangri Early Phase)

Basohli

One Folio of Gita Govinda

of Jaideva by Manaku

Guler

One Krishna Lila or Bhagavata Purana

Folio by Nain Sukh

Kangra

One painting from Nayaka Nayika

or Baramasa or Ragamala

Guler or Kangra

Unit 2: The Mughal and Deccani Schools of miniature painting (16th Century
A.D. to 19th Century A.D.)
(A)

The Mughal School

(i)

Origin and development of the Mughal school in brief and

main features of the Mughal School

(ii)

Study of the following Mughal Paintings:

Title

Painter

School

A Folio from Akbar Namah

Basawan

Akbar

Baber Crossing the river Sone

Jagannath

Akbar

Jahangir holding the picture

Abul Hassan

Jahangir

Falcon

Ustad Mansoor

Jahangir

Kabir and Raidas

Ustad Faquirullah Khan

Shajahan

Marriage procession of

Haji Madni

Provincial

of Madonna

Dara Shikoh

Mughal (Oudh)

(B)

The Deccani School

(i)

Origin and development of the Deccani school and Main features of the Deccan
School.

(ii)

Study of the following Deccani Paintings:

Title

Painter

School

a. Ibrahim AdilShah II of Bijapur

Bijapur

b. Raga Hindola

Ahmednagar

Unit 3: The Bengal School and the modern trends in Indian art
(i)

New Era in Indian art-an introduction

(ii)

Study of the following paintings:

Rama Vanquishing the pride of the ocean - Raja Ravi Verma

Study of the following paintings of the Bengal School:

(i)

Journeys End

Abanidranath Tagore

(ii)

Parthasarthi

Nandlal Bose

(iii)

Painting based on

M.A.R. Chughtai

Ghalibs Poetry

(C) The Modern Trends in Indian Art

Introduction
Study of the following Paintings:
(i)

Select a cubistic painting of Gaganendranath Tagore

(ii)

Mother and child

Jamini Roy

(iii)

Female Face

Rabindranath Tagore

(iv)

Hill Women

Amrita Sher Gill

Study of the following sculptures:

(i)

Triumph of Labour- D. P. Roychowdhury

(ii)

Santhal Family-Ramkinker Vaij

Study of the following works of contemporary Indian Art:

Paintings
(i)

Mother Teresa

M.F. Hussain

(ii)

Birth of Poetry

K.K. Hebbar

(iv)

Gossip

N.S. Bendre

(iv)

Tantric Painting

G.R. Santosh

(v)

Words and images

K.C.S. Pannikar

(vi)

Children

Somnath Hore

Sculptures
(i)

Standing Woman

Dhanraj Bhagat

(ii)

Cries Unheard

Amar Nath Sehgal

(iii)

Ganesha

P.V.Jankiram

(iv)

Figure

Sankho Chaudhuri

(v)

Dhanpal

Note: The names of artists and their artwork as listed above are only suggestive. Teachers
and students may select them according to their own resources. However, the questions will
be set from the above mentioned art works only.

Class XII (Practical)

One Paper

Time: 6 Hours

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

Drawing:
1. Nature and Object Study
25
2. Painting: Composition
25
3. Sessional Work
20
________________________________________________________________

Drawing:
Unit 1: Nature and Object study
Studies on the basis of exercises done in class XI with two or three objects and drapery for
background. Exercises in pencil with light and shade and in full colour from a fixed point of
view. Studies of human figure with similar approach.

Unit 2: Painting
Imaginative painting based on subjects from life and or nature in water and poster
colours with experiments of colour values as well as emotional expressions.
Unit 3: Sessional Work
(a)

Five selected nature and object study exercises in any media done during the
session, including minimum of two still-life exercises.

(b)

Five selected works of paintings done by the candidate during the year.

(c)

Group projects for community/industry be considered and given weightage.

These selected works prepared during the course of study by the candidate and certified by
the school authorities as the work done in the school will be placed before the examiners for
assessment.

Note: The time-table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

Guidelines for Evaluation of Practical work

Marking Scheme:
Part I: Nature and Object Study

25 marks

(i)

Drawing

10

(ii)

Treatment of media/colours

10

(iii)

Overall presentation

Part II: Painting (Composition)

(i)

(ii)
(iii)

25 marks

Compositional arrangement including

emphasis on the subject

10

Treatment of media colour

10

Originality and overall impression

Part III: Sessional Work

(i)

Five selected nature and object

study exercises in any media

(ii)

10

Five selected painting compositions

prepared on the basis of life and nature

10

Note: Sessional-work will also be evaluated on the same patterns as above.

Format of the Question:

Part I: Nature and Object Study
Draw and paint the still-life of a group of objects arranged on a drawing board before you,
from a fixed given point of view on a drawing paper of half imperial size in pencil/colours.
Drawing should be proportionate to the size of the paper. The objects should be painted in
realistic manner with proper light and shade and perspective etc. In this study, drawingboard is not to be included.
Note: A group of objects to be decided by the external and internal examiners jointly as per
instructions. The objects for nature study and object study are to be arranged before the
candidates.

Part II: Painting:

A painting composition on any one of the given five subjects in any medium (Water/Pastel,
Tempera, Acrylic) of choice on a drawing-paper of half imperial size, either horizontally or
vertically. Composition should be original and effective. Weightage will be given to a well
composed drawing, effective use of media, proper emphasis on the subject matter and
utilization of full-space.
Note: Any five subjects for Painting Composition are to be decided by the external and
internal examiners jointly as per instructions and are to mentioned strictly just before the
start of the examination for part II.

(A)

Instructions for selection of the objects for Drawing Nature and Object

Study:
1.

The examiners, are to select/decide two or three suitable objects in such a way so
that natural and geometrical forms may be covered in the group of objects.
(i)

Natural forms; large size foliage and flowers, fruits, and vegetable etc.

(ii)

Geometrical forms made of wood/plastic/paper/metal/ clay etc. such as cube,

cone, prism, cylinder and sphere.

2.

Objects should be selected generally of large (suitable) size.

3.

A natural object which is seasonal and locally available near the examination centre,
must be included in the group of objects. The natural-objects should be
purchased/arranged only on the day of examination so that its freshness may be
maintained.

4.

Two pieces of cloth for background and foreground, keeping in view the colours and
tones of the draperies in different colours (one in dark and other in light tone) are also
to be included among selected objects.

(B)

Instructions to decide the subjects for Painting-Composition:

1. The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for PaintingComposition.
2. Such subjects should be decided that the candidates may get clear-cut ideas of
the subjects and they can exercise their imagination freely.
3. The examiners are free to select/decide the subjects which should be according
to the standard of Class XII and environment of the school/candidates.

Some identified areas of the subjects for Modelling in Relief are given below in which some
more areas may also included:
(i)

Nature Study;

(ii)

Design, natural, decorative, stylized and geometrical:

(iii)

Family, friends and daily life;

(iv)

Birds and animals;

(v)

Games and sports activities;

(vi)

Religious, social and cultural activities;

(vii)

Personal activities;

(viii)

Ideas-Personal, social, local, provincial, national and international.

General Instructions to the examiners:

1.

Candidates should be given one hour break after first three hours.

2.

Work of candidates, for Part I, II and III, is to be evaluated on the spot jointly by the
external and internal examiners.

Each work of Part I, II and III, after assessment is to be marked as examined and duly
signed by the external and internal examiners jointly.

Sculpture
Introduction
The course in Sculpture at Senior Secondary stage as an elective subject is aimed at
developing aesthetic sense of the students through the understanding of various important
well known aspects and modes of Visual Art expression in Indias rich cultural heritage. It
encompasses a wide range of practical exercises in making of sculptures in various media
for developing their mental faculties of observation, imagination and creation, along with
technical skills and familiarity with structures of natural objects human and animal anatomy.

Objectives
(A) Theory (History of India Art)
Note: As the syllabus of Sculpture (Theory) is the same as that of Painting and Applied Art,
its objectives are same.

Practical
The aims of teaching sculpture is to introduce the student to the fundamentals of making
sculptures. All assignments should be designed to understand problems of volume, weight,
play of form in space light conditions etc., as distinct from two dimensional rendering.

Class XI (Theory)
One Paper

Time: 2 Hours

Units

30 Marks
Marks

An outline History of Indian Art

30

1. Art of Indus Valley

2. Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Art
3. Temple Sculpture, Bronzes and Artistic
aspects of Indo-Islamic Architecture
Note: The Syllabus of Sculpture (Theory) for Class XI is the same as that of Painting
(Theory) for Class XI given earlier.

Class XI (Practical)
One Paper

Time : 6 Hours

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

1.

Drawing: Nature and Object Study

(as in painting practical : Class XI)

2.

3.

25

(a) Modelling in Relief in Clay or plaster of Paris

(b) Modelling in Round

25

Sessional Work

20

________________________________________________________________

Unit 2:
(a) Modelling in Relief on given subjects from life and nature.
(b) Modelling is round based on given subjects from Human figure, Head Study, animal and
bird forms, foliage, vegetable and fruit; (c) handling of clay and its techniques, pinching,
coiling, rolling etc. (c) use of computer for understand of three dimensional volume and
space.

Unit 3: Sessional Work

Four selected pieces of works prepared during the course by the candidate and certified by
the school authorities as works executed in the school are to be placed before the examiners
for assessment. Cramp projects for community/Industry be considered and given weight
age.
Note: The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

Class XII(Theory)
One Theory Paper

Time: 2 Hours

30 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

An outline History of Indian Art

30

1. The Rajasthani and Pahari schools of miniature painting

2. The Mughal and Deccan schools of miniature painting
3. The Bengal School of painting and the modern trends in Indian art

Class XII (Practical)

One Paper

Time : 6 Hour

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

1. Modelling in Relief (clay and Plaster of Paris)

25

2. Modelling in Round (clay and Plaster of Paris

25

3. Sessional Work

20

________________________________________________________________

Unit 1: Modelling in Relief*

Unit 2: Modelling in Round *
Unit 3: Sessional Work

Four pieces of Works prepared during the course selected by the candidate and certified by
the school authorities as work executed in the school are to be placed before the examiners
for assessment.
*Modelling of simplified human figures, birds, animals and plants in relief and round.
Geometrical shapes like cube, cone, cylinder, etc., and their composition in relief as an
exercise in design study of textures. Use of plaster of Paris.

Note:

The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for

minimum of two periods as a stretch.

Guidelines for evaluation of Practical

Marking Scheme:
Unit I: Modelling in Relief
(i)

25 Marks

Composition including emphasis on

the subject

10

(ii)

Handling of media

10

(iii)

Creative approach & overall impression

Unit II: Modelling in Round

25 Marks

(i)

Composition including emphasis on the subject

10

(ii)

Handling of media

10

(iii)

Creative approach and overall impression

Unit III: Sessional

20 Marks

Four works of Sculpture consisting of :

(i) One Sculpture in Relief (High Relief)

(ii) One Sculpture in Relief (Low Relief)

(iii) Two Sculptures in round

(iv) Group Projects

Notes: Sessional work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.

Format of Questions
Unit I: Modelling in Relief:
A Sculpture in Relief (low/high) on any one of the given five subjects, The size should be
within 25 to 30cm. (horizontally or vertically) and about 4cm in thickness from the board.

(Note: Any five suitable subjects for Modelling in Relief are to be decided by the external
and internal examiners jointly in accordance with the instructions).

Unit II: Modelling in Round:

A Sculpture in round, in clay, on any one of the given five subjects. The height should be
within 25 to 30 cm. horizontally or vertically.
Note: Any five suitable subjects for Modelling in Round are to be decided in accordance with
the instructions and are to mentioned strictly just before the start of the examination for

part II.
Instructions to decide the subjects for Modelling in Relief and Round:
1.

The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for modelling in relief and five
subjects for modelling in round. The subjects of modelling in round are to be conveyed
to the candidates strictly just before the start of the examination for Part II.

2.

Each subject should be so designed that the candidate may get a clear idea of the
subject, however, a candidate can perceive a subject in his/her own way. Distortion of
human/animal forms may be allowed.

3.

Choice of high or low relief should remain open to the candidates.

4.

The examiners are free to decide the subjects but they should be according to the
standard of class XII and environment of the school/candidates. Some identified areas
of the subjects for Modelling in Relief are given below in which some more areas may
also included:

4.

(i)

Nature Study;

(ii)

Design, natural, decorative, stylized and geometrical:

(iii)

Family, friends and daily life;

(iv)

Birds and animals;

(v)

Games and sports activities;

(vi)

Religious, social and personal activities;

(vii)

Cultural activities;

(viii)

Ideas-Personal, social, local, provincial, national and international.

General instructions to the examiners:

1. Candidates should be given one hour break after first three hours.
2. Work of the candidates of Parts I,II and III, is to be evaluated on the spot by the
external and internal examiners jointly.
3. Each work of Parts I,II and IIII, after assessment, is to be marked as examined and
duly signed by the external and internal examiners.

Some Reference Books Suggested for Teachers:

1. Indian Sculpture

- Chintaman Kar.

2. Exploring Sculpture

- Jan Amdell Mills and Boon, London.

3. The Technique of Sculpture

- John W. Mills, P.T. Patsford Ltd.,

London.

4. A History of Sculpture of the World

- Shelden Cneey, Thame and Hudson,

London.

5. Form and Space

- Edward Their, Thames and Hudson,

London

6. Sculpture and Ideas

- Michael F. Andrews.

7. Modern Sculpture

- Jean Selz, Heinemann, London.

8. Creative Carving ads.

(Material techniques appreciation)

- Dons Z. Meilach, Pritam Publishing in the format

of

Posters,

magazine

animation and television

Bibliography
Books published by NBT
Pran Nath Mago
Contemporary Art in India
A perspective
Jasleem Dhamija
Indian folk Arts and Crafts
Krishna Deva
Temples of North India
K.R. Srinivasan
Temples of South India
Alokendranath Tagore
Abhanindranath Tagore
Dinkar Kawshik
Nandalal Bose
Madhu Powle
Festival of Colours
Badri Narayan
Find the Half Circles
Ella Datta
Lines and colours
Discovering Indian Art
Upinder Singh
Mysteries of the Past;

layout,

illustration

Archeological Sites in India

Niranjan Ghoshal
Name That Animal
Devi Prasad
Art: The Basis of Education
Publications Division
Vidya Daheja
Looking Again at Indian Art
Publication Division.
Panorama of Indian Painting
Publications Division no author given
Buddhist Sculptures and Monuments.
Publications Division no author given
Ajanta murals
A. Gosh
Z.A. Desai
Mosques of India
Publications Division

Lalit Kala Monographs

Gajanendranath
Jamini Roy
Rabindranath
Amrith Sher Gill
D.P. Rai Chowdhury
Ram Kimker Baij
M. F. Hussain
K.K. Hebbar
N. S. Bendre
K.C. S. Panikkar
Dhanaj Nhagat
Amarnath Seghal
P. V. Janakiram
Sankho Choudhuri
Rai Krishna Das (Hindi)
Bharat Ki Chitrakala
NCERT: Raja Ravi Varma (Hindi)

Applied Arts
Introduction
The Course in Applied Art at Senior Secondary stage as an elective subject is aimed at
introducing the students to the field of visual design and communication for advertising and
marketing of products through the print and electronic media. It encompasses also a wide
range of practical exercises in developing the mental faculties and technical skills for
effective communication of message and imaginatively designed in the format of posters,
magazine layout, illustration, animation and television ads.

Objectives
Theory (History of Indian Art)
Note: As the syllabus of Applied Art (Theory) is the same as that of Painting and Sculpture,
its objectives are also the same.

Practical
The purpose of introducing practical exercise in Applied Art (Commercial Art) is to help and
enable the students to develop professional competence in making model drawing lettering,
layout preparation and poster so that they can link their lives with productivity.

Class XI (Theory)
One Paper

Time: 2 Hours

Units

30 Marks
Marks

An outline History of Indian Art

30

1.

Art of Indus Valley

2.

Buddhist, Jain and Hindu Art

3.

Temple Sculpture, Bronzes and Artistic

aspects of Indo-Islamic Architecture

Note: The Syllabus of Applied (Theory) for Class XI is the same as that of Painting and
Sculpture for Class XI given earlier.

Class XI (Practical)
One Paper

Time: 6 Hours

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units
1. Drawing : Nature and Object study,

Marks
25

(as in painting practical: Class XI)

2. Lettering and layout

25

3. Sessional Work

20

________________________________________________________________

Unit 1: Drawing: Nature and object study

Details as in Painting practicals:
Class XI
Unit 2. (a) Lettering:
(i)

Study of lettering of Roman and Devnagri. Script of relevant regional languages

of the students

(ii)

Identification of some Fonts, Type-faces and their sizes

(iii)

Symbols, trademark, signs, logos as the image of corporate identity

(b) Layout
Making a simple layout with lettering as the main component.

(c) Computer Graphics

Unit 3: Sessional Work
Submission of portfolio consisting of:
(a) Three selected drawings/illustrations
in any media done during the years
(b)

Five samples of lettering and layout

of selected themes, including computer exercises.

(c)

8 marks.

8 marks

Group Activity to prepare an advertising

campaign of social relevance.

4 marks

Note: The time table to be so framed as to allow the students to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

Class XII (Theory)

One Theory Paper

Time: 2 Hours

30 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

An outline history of Indian art

1. The Rajasthani and Pahari Schools of Miniature Painting

10

2. The Mughal and Deccani Schools of Miniature Painting

10

3. The Bengal School of Painting and the Modern

Trends in Indian Art

10

________________________________________________________________
Note: The Syllabus of Applied Art (Theory) for Class XII is the same as that of Painting and
Sculpture for Class XII given earlier.

Class XII (Practical)

One Paper

Times: 6 Hours

70 Marks

Unit wise Weightage

Units

Marks

1. Illustration

25

2. Poster

25

3. Sessional Work

20

________________________________________________________________
Unit 1: Illustration
Study of techniques of Illustration on given subjects and simple situations supported by
drawing from life and outdoor sketching using media suitable for painting

Unit 2 : Poster
Visualization of a poster with specified data and slogan on a given subject in more than two
colours, incorporating elements of computer graphics.

Unit 3: Sessional Work

Submission of portfolio consisting of :
(i)

Three selected drawings in any media

done during the year including minimum of
two illustrations

(ii)

Two selected posters in chosen subject

(iii)

Exercises of computer graphics

(iv)

Group activity to prepare an advertising

campaign of social relevance.

Note: The time table to be so framed as to allow the student to work continuously for
minimum of two periods at a stretch.

Guidelines for Evaluation of Practical works

Marking Scheme:
Unit I: Illustrations
(i)

Composition including quality of drawing

10

(ii)

Emphasis on the subject with a specific situation

10

(iii)

Reproducing quality and overall impression

Unit II: Poster

(i)

Layout and Lettering

10

(ii)

Emphasis on the subject

(iii)

Proper colour scheme and overall impression

10

Unit III: Sessional Work

(i)
(ii)

Five selected drawings in any media including

minimum of two illustrations

10

Two selected posters in chosen subjects

10

Note: Sessional Work will also be evaluated on the same pattern.

Format of the questions

Unit I: Illustration
Make an illustration in black and white in any colour media on any one of the given five
subjects with a specific situation.
Size of the illustration: 30 cm X 22cm.
Note: Any five suitable illustrations, decided by the external and internal examiners jointly in
accordance with the instructions are to be mentioned here.

Unit II: Poster

Prepare a poster-design with specified data and slogan in English/Hindi language, in
three flat colours, on any one of the following five subjects. The designing of the
poster should have balanced use of typography and illustration.
Size of the Poster-design: 1/2imp. Size.

Note: Any five suitable subjects for poster design decided by the external and internal
examiners jointly in accordance with the instructions and are mentioned here, strictly
just before the start of the examination for part II.

Instructions to decide the subjects for illustration:

1. The examiners are to select/decide five suitable subjects.
2. Each subject should be given a specific situation, which is a main characteristic of an
illustration.
3. Each subject should be so designed that the candidate may get a clear-cut idea of
the subject and they can illustrate a specific situation based on given subject-areas.
4. The examiners are free to decide the subjects but these should be according to the
standard of the Class XII and environment of the school /candidates.
5. Some identified areas of the subjects for illustration are given below, in which some
more areas may be added if needed

Subject with a specific situation for illustration

(i)

Family and friends in daily life.

(ii)

Professional/professions.

(iii)

Games and sports.

(iv)

National events and celebrations.

(v)

Religious events and festivals.

(vi)

Culture-Dance, Drama, Music and Art.

Instruction to decide the subjects for Poster-design:

1. The examiners are to select/decide five subjects suitable for Poster-design.
2. Each subject should be given a specified data and slogan.
3. The subject data and slogan be given according to the standard of class XII and
environment of the School/Candidates.
4. The identified slogans should be so framed/designed that the candidates may get a
clear idea of the subject.
5. The examiners must prepare a list of areas for poster-design, in which some more
areas/subjects may be added.