Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

Splitsville!
Why do cells divide?
Cell division takes place for different reasons.
Cell division is important for asexual
reproduction, which involves only one parent
organism.
Most growth in a multicellular organism
happens because cell division produces new
cells.
Cell division also produces cells for repair.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What happens to genetic material

during cell division?
The genetic material in cells is called DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid).
In eukaryotic cells, DNA is found in the nucleus.
A DNA molecule contains the information that
determines the traits that a living thing
inherits and needs to live.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What happens to genetic material

during cell division?
During most of a cells life cycle, DNA is found in a
mass of loose strands called chromatin.
Before cell division, DNA is duplicated.
As cell division begins, the chromatin
is compacted into visible structures
called chromosomes.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What happens to genetic material

during cell division?
A duplicated chromosome is made of two identical
structures called chromatids.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

Around and Around

What are the stages of the cell cycle?
The life cycle of a eukaryotic cell, called the cell
cycle, can be divided into three stages:
interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Interphase is the stage in the cell cycle
during which the cell is not dividing.
The cell grows to about twice the size it was
when it was first produced. It produces various
organelles and engages in normal life activities.
Changes that occur during interphase prepare a
cell for division.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

In eukaryotic cells, mitosis is the part of the cell
cycle during which the nucleus divides.
Prokaryotes do not undergo mitosis because they
do not have a nucleus.
Mitosis results in two nuclei that are identical to
the original nucleus.
When mitosis is complete, the cell has two
identical sets of chromosomes in two separate
nuclei.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Cytokinesis is the division of the parent cells
cytoplasm.
Cytokinesis starts during the last step of
mitosis and eventually forms two complete
cells.
In cells that have a cell wall, a cell plate forms
during cytokinesis. The cell plate separates the
cell into two new cells.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

Phasing Out
What are the phases of mitosis?
There are four phases of mitosis: prophase,
metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
By the end of the four phases, the cell will have
two identical nuclei.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the phases of mitosis?

In prophase, the chromatin in the nucleus
condenses into chromosomes. The
membrane around the nucleus breaks down.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the phases of mitosis?

In metaphase, the chromosomes line up in
the middle of the cell.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the phases of mitosis?

In anaphase, the chromatids of each
chromosome are pulled to opposite sides of the
cell.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the phases of mitosis?

In telophase, a new nuclear membrane
forms around each group of chromosomes,
which become less condensed.
Cytokinesis begins during this phase.

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Unit 2 Lesson 1 Mitosis

What are the phases of mitosis?

After mitosis, cytokinesis results in two new
cells, and the two new cells start the cell cycle
again.

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