-Voltage

- Coulomb
- Ampere
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In 1745, Alessandro Volta was

born in Italy.
In 1774, he was 29-year-old,
who was appointed professor of
physics in the Come high school.
In 1779, he received a
professorial appointment at
University of Paria.
In 1827, he died, at that time, he
was already 82-year-old.
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Discovered in 1775.
A. Holding the insulating handle,
the metal disk will removed from
the top of the insulator.
B. Its removed and is sufficiently
far from the vinyl sheet, the -ve
will distribute to the metal disk
until an equilibrium is reached.
C. The charge disk is touched to
the electroscope. This cause the
deflection arm to repel from its
centre.

Discovered in 1800.
A. Different metals in contact with each other created
electricity.
B. Volta built a stack of alternating disc of zinc, blotting
paper soaked in saltwater and silver.
C. When he attached a wire to the top and bottom discs,
he measured a voltage and current
D. The current is produced because of a chemical
reaction arising from the different electron-attracting
capabilities of the two metals.
E. This device became a Voltaic Pile.
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The unit of the voltmeter is (V).

Collect the voltage in parallel.

In 1736, Charles Augustin de

Coulomb was born in Angouleme,
France.
In 1777, he invented the torsion
balance for measuring the force of
magnetic and electrical attraction.
In 1779, he published the Theory of
Simple Machines, an analysis of
friction in machinery.
In 1806, he died in Paris, France.
He had 70-year-old.

Coulomb -- A unit of electrical

charge; the quantity of electricity
passing in one second through a
circuit in which the rate of flow is
one ampere.

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The force of attraction or repulsion

between two charged bodies is
directly proportional to the product of
the two charges and inversely
proportional to the square of the
distance between them.
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The force between two

small, charged spheres
is shown to be
proportional to the
magnitude of either
charge and inversely
proportional to the
square of the distance
between centers. This
torsion balance device
requires low humidity! 12

The unit of the current is named

by Andre Marie Ampere.
In 1775, he was born in the town
of French -Lyon.
In 1787, he was 12-year-old, he
had already learned differentiation
and integral calculus.
In 1822, he discovered Amperes
Law.
In 1836, he died in Marseilles, at
that time, he was 61-year-old.

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A. According to the figure, if the

current pass from bottom to top, it
will produce the circular magnetic
field.
B. When the right hand hold the
wire, the thumb is the direction of
the induction magnetic field.
C. The further of the distance of the
wire, the weaker of the magnetic
field produced.
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The relationship of the current and the induction magnetic

field can be explained by Amperes right hand rule. When the
right hand hold the wire, the thumb stands for the direction of
the current, and other four fingers stand for the direction of
the magnetic field. So, when the direction of the current is the
same , two parallel wires will attract each other. When the
direction of the current is different, they will repel.
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Discovered in 1822.
Definition :
The magnitude of the magnetic field is directly
proportional to the current that pass through the
same wire, but it is inversely proportional to the
distance.

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The unit of the ammeter is (A) or (mA).

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Collect the ammeter in series.

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 http://www.hk-phy.org/history/chi/ampere.html
http://www.hk-phy.org/resources/images/em02/em.html
http://www.energy.ca.gov/education/scientists/volta.html
http://www.bioanalytical.com/calendar/97/volta.htm
http://www.geocities.com/bioelectrochemistry/coulomb.htm
http://www.engr.uky.edu/~gedney/courses/ee468/expmnt/ephorus.html
http://www.geocities.com/BourbonStreet/Quarter/4801/volpile.html

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