Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
The inspection and test plan for power transformer article provides you information
about power transformer test and power transformer inspection in manufacturing shop.
The draft Inspection and test plan provided as well.
Click here if you like immediately review the Inspection & Test Plan for Power
Transformer draft sheet.
You may need to review this sheet in conjunction of Third Party Inspection for Power
Transformer article.
Click following link if you need to review general definition for Inspection and Test Plan.
Inspection and Test Plan
The IEC, NEC, NEMA, FDF, ISO ANSI, CI, IPCEA standard requirements normally are
applied for inspection and test plan in manufacturing shop.
The witness of some inspection and test by third party inspector is mandatory and
cannot be waived.
Some others must only monitored and fully witnessing are not necessary, for these
thing, the inspection man-days etc. depends to the purchaser decision, some prefer
stringent monitoring and even assign resident inspector in manufacturing shop and
some others relay to quality control system of the manufacture and assign only few
days for monitoring points.
These are some of inspection points which need to be witnessed, checked, monitored
and reviewed by third party inspector in Power Transformer manufacture shop.
Inspection and Test Plan for Power Transformer - Important Points
Final inspection after tanking, consisting of witness full tests, including heat
run or standard abbreviated tests as may be specified, check tank seams
for signs of oil leakage, check of handling for cable boxes, size and
quantity of cable glands and position of entries, functionally test alarm
relays, if fitted, for position of contacts, check of all ancillary equipment
Click here to see Inspection & Test Plan for Power Transformer draft sheet.
The applicable codes and specifications for a power transformers that is under
the construction process is:
Design code
Purchaser's standards
Approved drawings
The applicable codes and standards may be based on any international standards. This
content is general and can be useful for all recognized standards.
Required Documents for Third Party Inspector Review:
The list of documents normally is agreed upon in the Pre-Inspection meeting, which is
held several weeks before the actual commencement of the inspection work. The
parties that participate in this meeting are the manufacturer, purchaser and third party
inspection agency representatives.
This is already explained in the Inspection and Test Plan for Power Transformer article.
These are the list of documents that are normally agreed upon to be presented to the
inspector:
Batch number
Chemical composition
Surface finish
For more details, review the Inspection and Test Plan for Power Transformer
article. There is a draft of the ITP in this article, which we believe is the best
practice for power transformers inspection.
The third party inspector checks following in accordance of approved drawings
and applicable standards:
Fabrication, protective finishes and cleanliness of all tank areas and of formers
and frames
If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP for this
inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers manufacturer
quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - Construction Check
The third party inspector checks following in accordance of approved drawings
and applicable standards:
Paint using specified colour swatch, measure thickness, if specified
Name plate
Outline dimensions, interface dimensions and clearances and other
specified dimensions
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - General Arrangement Check
The third party inspector checks that all instruments, terminal boxes,
compartments, control switches etc. are correctly rated and are correctly located,
with specified labelling
Where R1 is the cold resistance and R2 is the resistance, with cooling curve
corrections applied, after switching off.
Acceptance criterion is in according of applicable specification and datasheet.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - Load Loss Test (Copper
Loss)-Type Test
Shorting links are applied (either to the primaries or to the secondaries,
dependant on test supply voltages). Voltage supply is applied to the opposing
windings and increased until rated current is achieved. Input and output powers
are measured and loss calculated.
Acceptance criterion is in according of applicable specification and datasheet.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - No Load Loss Test (Iron
Loss)-Type Test
Rated voltage is applied to primaries or secondaries, with the opposing windings
open circuit. Input and output powers are monitored and loss calculated.
Acceptance criterion is in according of applicable specification and datasheet.
If third party inspector is not in hold or witness point for these stages, then will
review power transformer manufacture quality control report in his/her coming
visit or in final inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer Efficiency Type Test
Efficiency is calculated from the losses.
Third party inspector reviews the calculation in manufacture quality control
records.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - Induced Overvoltage
Withstand Test (Overpotential Test)
There are three methods; dependent on winding category, the test would be
acceptable if no collapse occurs in test voltage.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - Dielectric Test
Test requirements vary with winding category and acceptable level is in
according to applicable standard.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer Separate Source Voltage
Withstand Test
A single phase AC voltage of power frequency (not less than 80% of the rated
frequency) is applied. Peak value is measured. The peak value x sq. rt.2 = test
value. The voltage is gradually increased from 1/3 vale and sustained for 60
seconds.
The test is applied between each winding and the terminals of all other windings,
core, frame and tank, all connected together to earth.
The test would be acceptable if no collapse occurs in the test voltage.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers
manufacturer quality control report in his/her coming visit or on the final
inspection day.
Third Party Inspection for Power Transformer - Ancillaries Test
Ancillaries normally include Buchholz oil pressure protection, temperature
monitoring devises and ancillary wiring. These are checked as conforming to
drawings. Wiring is subjected to insulation test, where appropriate and withstand
test, where appropriate.
Similarly, If the third party inspector is not in the hold or witness point in the ITP
for this inspection stage, then he/she will review the power transformers