Ashley Berry

November 1, 2016
Period 6
Annotated Source List
American Society of Interior Designers, 2016. Accessed 8 Oct. 2016.
The American Society of Interior Design has many pages: careers, events, education,
awards & competitions, knowledge center, and media/news. For research, knowledge center and
media/news are important pages. Under the media/news tab there are media resources, video and
multimedia sources, and press releases. Under the knowledge center there is a page for
sustainable design, case studies, research resources, and a book center. Within the sustainable
design tab there is access to the complete Interior Design and Global Impact series and three
presentations on Environmentally Preferable Coverings. The Case Studies tab is split into 4
sections: Behavior and learning, economy/work, environment, and heath, wellness & longevity,
each of which have links to case studies related to the section. The Research Resources tab has
links to Academic Research that has been conducted by Carnegie Mellon, University of Buffalo
in New York, Virginia Tech, North Carolina State, and Cornell. Lastly, the book center has
database of books a viewer can search through as well as top suggestions of books from the 19th
century.
This center is helpful to me in that it gives me an abundance of resources I can use for the
rest of my research. The research resources tab will be the most resourceful for me because I will
be able to find other research studies as well as academic journals and articles from the links
provided. It is convenient that there is a tab designated to sustainable design, as that is the topic I
am researching. The Interior Design and Global Impact Series will be one thing I look into for
information regarding sustainable design. I will also look into the three presentations created by
ASID. Lastly, I am looking forward looking through the books in the book center. I was initially
worried I would not be able to find any books published on my topic, but I was clearly wrong.
This book center will give me easy access to an abundance of books about topics in the interior
design field.
Bacon, Leigh. "Interior Designer 's Attitudes Toward Sustainable Interior Design Practices and
Barriers Encountered When Using Sustainable Interior Design Practices." Theses from
the Architecture Program, 2011.
This paper is on the results of a study done to evaluate Interior Designers opinions on
sustainable interior design. It is divided into 5 main sections: Introduction, Literature Review,
Method, Results ad Analysis, and Conclusion. The introduction is composed of information
about what sustainable interior design is and what the purpose of it is. It also brings up possible
barriers to using sustainable interior design practices. The literature review section is split up into
many smaller parts. As a whole, this sections discussed the perceived barriers evaluated that
interior designers encounter when using sustainable interior design practices, project capabilities,
transition to sustainability, and knowledge and skills associated with sustainable design. The

Berry 2
third section, method, is about the research conducted on attitudes towards sustainable interior
design. This section covers everything from hypothesis to research design, giving the reader the
information they need to know about the research that was done. After that, the results and
analysis are given, and finally, there is a conclusion to the research followed by a source list. The
final objectives determined that overall, attitudes toward sustainable interior design practiced
were positive. It also determined that, based on barrier scores, factors affection project
capabilities were the biggest obstacle to practicing sustainable interior design. Attitude scores
were the highest among respondents who have used sustainable interior design practices the
most, while barrier scores were lowest. There was a correlation made between attitudes and
perceived, suggesting a positive attitude partially contributed to overcoming barriers associated
with sustainable interior design practices, and vice versa.
The most useful aspect of this source is the introduction and literature review. The
introduction gives me useful background information to what sustainable design, including the
simple definition and its application to interior design. It also gives examples of sustainable
materials for interior design, as well as possible barriers. While this was published in 2011, so it
is outdated by 5 years, the barriers can be applied to interior design today. These are possible
problems that would change my research drastically. The literature review section is large and
some parts will be very useful while others wont be as useful. It dives deeper into each barrier:
indoor air quality, materials, and daylight and a connection to the environment. All the
information given will help me determine if these barriers are still in place and how they affect
the number of interior designers who use sustainable design. The specific response to sustainable
interior design and the barrier that the author discusses will only be useful enough for
background knowledge. Because this was published five years ago, the opinions of the designers
are outdated. Opinions now could be drastically different than they were in 2011, and therefore I
wont use them to support my thesis.
Boehm, Sarah. "Facilitating Comprehension, Connection and Commitment to Environmentally
Responsible Design." International Journal of Art and Design Education, vol. 34, no. 1,
Feb. 2015, pp. 73-88.
This article proposes a model that stretches among different areas of study. The model
suggests students imbed Environmentally Responsible Design principles into their design
process. It harnesses insights from Humanistic Sustainability, Place-Conscious Education,
Principles of Sustainable Design, Phases of the Design Process, and Traditional Ecological
Knowledge to form a broader view of the environment and help synthesize the concepts of
sustainability. The article includes a descriptive case study that illustrates how a framework like
this may be used to introduce Environmentally Responsible Design and sustainability concepts
into the design curriculum.
This is not the best article for my research, as it spans such a broad spectrum of studies.
While the case study is helpful, in that it is a real life example of a plan put into action, it

Berry 3
involved many disciplines I am not researching, such as ecological knowledge and placeconscious education. It is interesting to read about the different views on sustainability. For
example, humanistic sustainability views environmentally responsible design as a combination
of the principles of sustainable design, the design process, and place-conscious education.
Brooker, Graeme, and Lois Weinthal, editors. The Handbook of Interior Architecture and Design.
Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2013.
This book is a collection of original essays that examine the shifting role and importance
of interior design, as well as interior architecture. These essays provide an overview of the ideas
and arrangements within interior design and architecture that make them important platforms to
study human interactions with the space around them from. The book covers a wide range of
thought and research. For example, some of the essays are: The Selection, Creation and
Perception of Interior Spaces: And Environmental Psychology Approach, Designing Desire, and
Globalization: What Shapes a Global Interior?
Unfortunately, I cannot view the entire book online. I can see, however, many pages of it
and sections such as the ones mentioned above. These sections allow me to learn about different
aspects of interior design. In order to apply sustainability into interior design, I need to have a
foundation of understanding about regular interior design. The main sections I will use are: The
Selection, Creation and Perception of Interior Spaces (including identity claims, though and
feeling regulators, and noise), Guilt by Design, and Taste and Trends.
Brown, Erin. "Laying a Framework for a Sustainable Interior." Environmental Design and
Construction, vol. 5, no. 5, Sept. 2002, pp. 24-27.
The first section of this article focuses on the LEED-CL as a tool for achieving
sustainability. LEED-CL stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for
Commercial Interiors. According to Penny Bonda, Director of Environmental Communications
and Chair of USGBC (U.S. Green Building Council) Committee on Commercial Interiors, under
the LEED-CL pilot program, it will be possible for tenants to achieve LEED certification
regardless of the buildings they are in. The five credit categories that define sustainable design
are site selection, water, energy, materials, and indoor environmental quality. The next section of
the article focuses on a holistic approach to interior design. It talks about how separate disciples,
such as architecture, interior design, engineering, and site planning, tend to specialize and breakup projects. Rather, they should work together and it might reduce cost and increase
environmentally friendliness. The article also states that designers might not fully understand the
impact that their work can have on a buildings energy efficiency or indoor air quality and that
they need to understand the macro green goals. The third and final section of the article focuses
on what the market has to offer. There are so many different green materials in the market,

Berry 4
designers just have to use them. Some of these materials include Unicork, Marmoleum Excel
Tile, Eco Tek 6, Industrial Hemp, and eco-friendly fabrics for upholstery, panels, and drapery.
All three sections of this article were beneficial to me in different ways. The first section
was beneficial in that it defined what LEED-CL was, something I have been wondering
throughout my research. It also defined five categories that define sustainable design five
categories I can focus on in my research. The second section was eye-opening because I never
thought about how beneficial it would be for different disciplines to work together rather than
specialize and break up. I learned there are factors outside of interior design that affect
sustainable interior design, especially when other disciplines make assumptions and work with
levels of energy that may not be necessary. The third section is extremely helpful because of all
of the named examples of sustainable interior design supplies in the market. The firm I am
interning at does not use sustainable interior design, so I have not been exposed to these
sustainable materials. It was helpful to hear companies that create these sustainable design
materials as well as the kinds of materials they make, such as eco-friendly fabrics by Carnegie
and environmentally-sound furnishings by Olive Designs.
Childs, Kirsten, et al. "Beyond Interior Design." Interior Design and Global Impacts, 2006.
This paper is the first of five papers on various topics in sustainable design. This 25-page
paper is broken up into 5 main sections. The first section is an introduction to and overview of
key concepts. The second section is written on the basics on integrated design, including
traditional design, integrated design, and integrated design with sustainability. Traditional design
is a linear process in which no team member is fully cognizant of the methodologies and goals of
other members. Integrated design is a collaborative design process that recognizes the relations
among building systems and among the team members that design and install those systems.
Each design type has examples, typical team members, and background information. The third
section is integrated design and the interior designer, including the role of the commercial
interior designer, the role of the residential interior designer, and the designers role beyond
design and construction. The interior designers work includes, but is not exclusive to, the floor
plan, partition design, lighting design, and interior finishes. This section includes a real-life
example of an interior designers role. The fourth section is environmental impacts and
sustainable design strategies, including natural resource depletion, energy use, and pollution. The
natural resources expand from raw materials, to land and habitats, to potable water and pollution
expands from soil pollution, to water pollution, to global atmospheric pollution, to greenhouse
gas emissions, and to light pollution. The final section is on integrated design and green building
rating systems. Using an integrated design process along with a green building rating system, can
improve building design by including concern for the environmental impacts during the design
process, in addition to aesthetics, function, durability, maintenance, and cost.
I was excited to find definitions of various types of designs rather than just the definition
of sustainable design like most of my other articles and papers. This paper, on the other hand,

Berry 5
first focuses on traditional design contrasted with integrated design. My favorite thing about this
paper is the constant use of examples, whether it is listing typical members found on a design
team, an example of how the concepts can be put into practice, or an image of a design with the
discussed concepts. I found the best part of the paper is the 10-page section on environmental
impacts, including natural resource depletion, energy use, and pollution. These are all things that
sustainable interior design is working to help reduce and understanding what sustainability fights
against helped me support my research.
Classic Interiors. Accessed 9 Oct. 2016.
The Classic Interiors website has a multitude of information consisting of their design
team, their process, their portfolio, and their products. Each topic is a new page on the website.
On the home page, there is a small summary of their business and what the offer as well as their
information including their address, hours of operation, and contact information. Their portfolio
page has many images of homes they have designed. The photos are separated into three
categories of types of design: traditional, coastal, and transitional. Their process page is an
explanation of how they work with their clients as well as their reputation. It mentions two
awards they have received in 2014 and 2015. The Design Team page has images of the 5 women
who work for the business and next to each womans image there is a brief description of who
they are, what type of design they favor, and how they can help their customer. Their last page,
Our Products, has links to all of the websites from which they sell their furniture. While they are
a design firm, they sell furniture directly in their store as well, and this way clients can browse
the products before they go to make a purchase. The website also has an area where customers
can send a message to the design team.
This website is very useful to me, as it is the website for the business I am interning at.
The first benefit I have from their website is access to each designer. I am able to read about each
woman and know who they are and what they specialize in. This way I know what I will be able
to work on with each of them. The Our Products page gives me access to all of the suppliers for
the furniture in the store. I can research on these pages to gain knowledge of the products in the
store. I also believe I can gain insight from the Portfolio page. Here, I can see the
professionalism of the designs I will eventually be helping put together. I will understand the
standards of the finished products and be able to develop my designs further from there.
Eagle, Amy. "Green Flooring Gains Ground." Health Facilities Management, vol. 29, no. 6, June
2016, pp. 26-29.
This article specifically focuses on flooring within the sustainable design field. While the
beginning sets up the article with why people want sustainable flooring, the rest of the article
uses companies as examples. The article opens with the three pillars of sustainability:
responsibility to the people, responsibility to the planet, and responsibility to the profit. The

Berry 6
specific attributes of flooring that affect health are materials contribution to indoor air quality,
slip resistance, acoustic and ergonomic properties, and capacity to be maintained through green
cleaning methods. They focus on the construction of a product and the impact from the
environmental footprint. The first company introduced is Nora. Nora uses flooring materials
such as natural and industrial rubber, raw minerals, and environmentally friendly pigments.
These require no finishing, waxing, or sealing, eliminating the need for harsh chemicals. Then
the article brings up durability as a main focus. Durability results in lower life-cycle costs, easier
maintenance, less landfill waste, and fewer resources used in manufacturing. Another company,
Patcraft, uses a negatively charged fiber designed to repel aid based stains like coffee or juice so
they can be removed with water. This allows carpets to last longer, yet when they reach the end
of their useful life, Patcraft will reclaim and recycle it. Patcraft also offers sustainable adhesives
such as LokDots pressure-sensitive adhesive and water-based spray adhesive. These use fewer
chemicals, create less odor, and require less downtime than conventional adhesives. A third
company, Forbo International, uses linoleum flooring that is manufactured with natural
ingredients, is nonslip, low VOC-emitting, naturally bacteriostatic, easy to clean, and has a high
light-reflection value (enhancing the level of natural light in the environment). The last company
used is Ecore. They reuse more than 75 million pounds of scrap tire rubber each year as flooring
material by way of reclaiming its flooring products after long use. The company has also
removed lead and chromium based pigments from products to avid health hazards associated
with these compounds.
The specificity of this article sets it apart from the rest. Not only does this article explain
the basics of sustainable interior design, for example the three pillars of sustainability
responsibility to the people, the planet, and the environment but it goes in-depth about how
sustainable flooring can benefit the environment. This is helpful to me because it gives me a
great understanding of one umbrella of interior design that can be sustainably beneficial. The
best thing about this article is all of the different companies it refers to throughout the text body.
For each company, it explains what they offer related to sustainable flooring and how their
products benefit the environment. These are real examples that I can look further into when
writing my thesis.
Easton, Jennifer. "Healthy, Sustainable Interior Design: A Conversation with ASID." U.S. Green
Building Council, 11 July 2012.
This is an interview with Randy Fiser, the Executive Vice President and CEO of ASID,
the American Society of Interior Designers. He is asked questions regarding sustainable interior
design, such as, What does sustainability mean to ASID?, Why is green interior design
important?, How important is it for interior design professionals to understand the concepts of
sustainability?, and What's the future for green interior design?. Fiser explains the important
role interior design plays in creating functional spaces that improve the human experience and
our everyday interactions with our environment. He says outcomes should address the people

Berry 7
how live and work in those spaces. The most important aspect, according to Fiser, is health of the
indoor environment, health of the occupants, and health of the materials. It is the interior
designers who can offer specialized knowledge of interiors materials that promote good indoor
air quality, are toxin-free, and are water and energy efficient. Fiser uses formaldehyde as an
example, as it is a known carcinogen that is used in furniture and cabinetry. Interior designers
can avoid this if they are aware of the materials and what they should be looking for. Fiser also
gives an example of a time he was working with a green interior space. When he worked as an
advisor for the Make It Right Foundations, he was a part of the development of the worlds
largest LEED Platinum residential community in New Orleans Lower Ninth Ward. The residents
benefited from safe and healthy homes and reduced utility expenses. Fiser finishes y saying that
while sustainable design has a presence, people need to do much more for it to become a
common practice.
This interview was eye-opening for me. It brought up a lot of topic I had not previously
seen in other journals, such as cost reduction and personal experiences. Cost reduction is a big
push for the use of sustainable interior design, as it is a personal benefit for the client. This
interview also helped pinpoint what sustainable interior design materials focus on: good indoor
air quality, toxin-free, water and energy efficient. While I cant necessarily use his example in
New Orleans in my research, it was beneficial to read about a special example of such a mass use
of sustainable interior design. The speaker is reliable, as he is the Vice President and CEO of the
American Society of Interior Designers. Considering it is from 2012, it is a little outdated. I will
take that into consideration when using the information in this interview.
El-Ghobashya, Shaimaa, and Gihan Mosaabd. "Nature Influences on Architecture Interior
Designs." Procedia Environmental Sciences, vol. 34, 2016, pp. 573-81.
This purpose of this research is to understand the relationship between nature and human
perception. It also analyzed the role that nature plays in architectural interiors to achieve
buildings integrated with the surrounding environment. The research draws architects attention
to nature and inspiration from nature in different perspectives. This paper presents projects with
different concepts in architectural and interior design. These projects are examples that help
outline guidelines for designing buildings that are integrated with nature. The paper concludes by
using a clear natural concept from the environment to be solving the design problems.
After reading this research, I did not find much use for it. Rather than discussing
sustainable interior design, it discusses interior design that uses nature within the architectural
interior. This is much different than sustainable design. I found from this article that I want to
focus on sustainability rather than the friendly use of the environment.

Berry 8
Gaughan, Carolyn. Interview. 2016.
Carolyn Gaughan earned her Bachelor of Science degree in language arts education from
Bluefield State College in Bluefield, West Virginia. She has been working in business for 38
years and has owned Classic Interiors stores all over the place. Currently, she is the owner of
Classic Interiors in Old Ellicott City. She has been at the Ellicott City location for 8 years. Not
only is she the owner, but she is part of the design team. She helps clients upgrade or create new
livable, loveable spaces.
Gulwadi, Gowri Betrabet. "Using Reflective Journals in a Sustainable Design Studio."
International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, vol. 10, no. 2, 30 Sept. 2008,
pp. 96-106.
This paper introduces an educational method used in a design studio. The method was
used as part of a curriculum-greening process to encourage reflection on the complexity of
sustainable design. During two semesters of a sustainable design studio, students used online
reflective journals to develop their awareness and understanding of concepts relating to
sustainable design. Because these design studio students are primarily engaged with visual and
verbal skills, by adding a reflective writing component, the research offers a new approach to the
design curriculum. In the first seven weeks of a semester-long senior design studio, interior
design students recorded their reflections on readings and in-class discussions on sustainable
thinking, sustainable actions and sustainable design. The paper presents the content analysis of
the journal entries of students from two different semester studies. Four operation aspects of
reflection were used in assessing the educational effectiveness and level of reflection in the
design studio: descriptive, descriptive reflection, dialogic reflection, and critical reflection. The
research found that all four levels of reflection are represented in the journal entries analyzed.
These results indicate that depth and complexity of thought are possible to achieve within a
semester long design course and can be used as a starting point for design development of
sustainability.
While this article was very interesting and the research was done within my field, the
paper focuses more on the journals rather than the sustainable design studio. I assumed the
article would explain what students were recording in their journals, but it focuses more on how
the journals were written and what kind of descriptions and reflections they were writing. I did
learn that these reflection journals are useful in a sustainable design studio and my research will
support that assertion.

Berry 9
Hayles, Carolyn S. "Environmentally Sustainable Interior Design: A snapshot of current supply
of and demand for green, sustainable or Fair Trade products for interior design practice."
International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, vol. 4, no. 1, June 2015, pp. 10008.
This journal article focuses on the supply and demand for green, sustainable and Fair
Trade (GSFT) products for interior design practice. A research study was conducted, aimed to
understand what constitutes a sustainable material choice as well as to study the current supply
and demand of the market. The research determined that while there are GSFT products
currently in the marketplace, it is not easy to readily identify them. After retailers were
interviewed, it was discovered that only a small number actively encourage their customers to
purchase GSFT products. Hayles came to the conclusion that better access to a basic knowledge
of sustainability as well as more up-to-date information about sustainable materials will play a
critical role in promoting sustainable practice.
Before beginning my research, I was under the impression that sustainable design was
currently in high practice. After reading this journal article and research study, I was surprised to
find that only a small number of retailers actively encourage their customers to purchase GSFT
products and materials. While this article was not of much use to me, it did give me some
background knowledge of how many environmental products are in the market, as well as the
demand for them.
International Interior Design Association, 2016. Accessed 9 Oct. 2016.
The International Interior Design Association website has many different components
including: the about page, events, competitions, knowledge center, careers, and publications. The
about page informs you about the association, who is on the board, and what they do/their vision
and mission. The events and competitions pages have lists of upcoming events and competitions
in the interior design industry, such as the Hong Kong International Lighting Fair and the
GlobalShop Product Design Competition. The knowledge center is a place where you can search
though a database of resources related to the Interior Design field. You can type in key words and
look specifically for resource types, client types, or topics. You can then download resources
from the results page. The careers tab takes you to a center where you can put the title that you
want to find and the website will generate a list of places looking for people to fill that position
in their company. You can see all the different job functions needed in various industries within
the field of interior design, such as design, furniture, kitchen/bath, landscape, lighting, and
textile. Lastly, there is the publications area. This section of the website is full of published
works in the design field, including articles, journals, magazines, papers, etc. The publications
range anywhere form the IIDA Annual Report, to educational papers, to design practice
publications. The website is regularly updated and has most recently been updated in 2016.

Berry 10
The fact that this website has been updated this year makes it more useful to me. The
most useful aspect will be the knowledge center. Here, I can find recently written documents by
people actively working in the field. I also found the careers center useful, not because I can see
position openings, but because I can see all the different opportunities people can pursue in the
field. This also allowed me to see all the different places in the field that sustainable design can
be embraced. Finally, the publications page is helpful. This is the only place that I have found
magazine and newspaper publications regarding interior design, rather than academic journals.
These publications give a different perspective towards interior design one that is more active
rather than research oriented.
"Issues." InformeDesign, 2016. Accessed 9 Oct. 2016.
This page of the website InformeDesign has 8 links to pages of specific design topics
currently being studied. The 8 topics are building materials, finishes, and systems, codes and
safety, country, design and aesthetics, design business and process, furnishings, fixtures,
and equipment, Personal/individual needs and factors, and social needs and factors. Each
link sends you to a page where there are anywhere from 100 to 5000 research studies done
specific to that topic. Many of the topics have sub topics that lead you to more specific studies
geared to what you are looking for. For example, under design and aesthetics there are 25
different sub topics, including color, visualization, design process, principles of design, and
more. Each research summary includes information on the design issue, design criteria, key
concepts, research method, limitations, and commentary.
I believe this page will help me see what is being researched in the field of interior
design. The website is up to date, as it has most recently been copywriter as of 2016. This means
the research they publish is recent and not outdated. I will be paying most attention to the
Sustainable/Green Design subtopic under Deign and Aesthetics. There are 68 different
research summaries within that topic. It is convenient to see the summaries of all of these
research studies, because I can review more of them in less time. Unfortunately, if I find a study
that is specifically interesting, they do not have the research paper or more information on their
website.
Jennings, Jan. "Naming Design Practices." Communicating (by) Design, June 2009, pp. 145-49.
This is a reflection of content that is discussed in The Interior Archetype Project. It first
describes the paper, how it is organized, and what it is about. Then, it splits from the content of
the paper and describes why Interior Design needs a typology and how it could benefit students.
According to the article, the typological approach accommodated high style, vernacular, and
multi-cultural design. It helps students describe and criticize built work, as well as help them
understand connections and relationships in design. Finally, the article says that the vocabulary

Berry 11
of Intypes will help students develop skills I using words effectively to impart ideas and
knowledge in interdisciplinary and complex work environments.
This document was not of much help to me. It was not what I originally thought it was
about. While it did help me grasp a better understanding of the Interior Archetype Project, this
document does not stand alone. Because I have the Project itself, this is not beneficial to me.
Jennings, Jan, M.S. "A Case for a Typology of Design: The Interior Archetype Project." Journal
of Interior Design, vol. 32, no. 3, 2007, pp. 47-68.
The Interior Archetypes Research and Teaching Project, initiated in 1997 at Cornell
University, creates a typology of contemporary interior design practices. These practices are
derived from historical designs that span time and style and cross cultural boundaries. Based on
10 years of experiments resulting from the projects, an argument for the significance of a
typology of historic and contemporary interior design practices was made. Approximately one
hundred archetypes have been developed by the principal investigator, graduate students, and
associated educators. The article establishes the premises for this research model and defines the
implications of the study for both undergraduate and graduate learning experiences. The Interior
Archetypes Project names contemporary design practices that have not been named, providing
designers with an interior-specific, history-specific, and contemporary design-specific
vocabulary. The Typological approach accommodates high style, vernacular and a multi-cultural
design.
This project mostly shows me how interior design has evolved over the years. By
creating this typology of archetypes, the research represents all design standards now and from
history. I can use this to find whether designs from history or current day designs would work
better with sustainable interior design. I also benefit from the contemporary designs practices the
research names because it gives me an interior-specific, history-specific, and contemporary
design-specific vocabulary just has it gives designers.
Jones, Louise. Environmentally Responsible Design: Green and Sustainable Design for Interior
Designers. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
This book is a guide to help interior designers apply green buildings and sustainability to
their designs. It introduces the principles of environmentally responsible design for interior
environments, covering everything from theoretical approaches to current practices. It helps
designers understand the environmentally responsible approach and make design decisions that
are ethical and do not harm the worlds environment. It is split into four parts, each of which
have 2-4 chapters within. The parts of the book are: Environmentally Responsible Interior
Design, Indoor Environmental Quality, Evaluation of Interior Finishes and Furnishings, and Case
Studies. The first chapter of the book discusses 6 principles of sustainable design: respect for the
wisdom of natural systems, respect for people, respect for place, respect for the cycle of life,

Berry 12
respect for energy and natural resources, and respect for process. Then it goes on to discuss the
damage to the environment and why interior design needs to be sustainable. This includes social
system, ecological systems, population growth, air, land, and water pollution, acidic deposition,
deforestation, and desertification.
I am only able to view the first 36 pages of this book. This includes only the first chapter
of part one: Global Sustainability: The Macro Perspective. While this part of the book does not
discuss how to use sustainable design, it goes in-depth about the current state of the environment
and what the human race has done to it. This book was published in 2008, meaning the
environment may be different now, but the change couldnt be too drastic and the book is still
factual of what state the environment has reached. I can use this information in describing why
sustainable interior design is so important and why it should be widely accepted.
Kang, Mihyun, Ph.D., and Louise Jones, Arch.D. "Defining Sustainable Design." Implications.
InformeDesign. Accessed 8 Oct. 2016.
This issue of InformeDesigns Newsletter, Implications, is focused on background
information on sustainable and green design. It consists of two articles by Mihyun Kang and
Louise Jones. The first is on sustainable design for the built environment and the second is on
why design environmentally responsible interior elements should be used. The articles go from
facts and background information to responsibility and useful tools. It starts with a list of
environmental concerns that sustainable design emerged from as well as the goal of sustainable
design: minimize pollution and waste, minimize use of nonrenewable energy, minimize cost of
energy dollars, and increase health, safety, and welfare of people living and working. After each
article there is a list of references. The article mentions that they focus on five broad areas: site,
water, energy, materials and resources, and indoor environmental quality. In interior design,
sustainability includes the planning and allocation of space for the users that reflect efficiency
and flexibility. The article goes on to suggest the Minnesota Sustainable Design Guide that
interior designers and architects can you to guide and assess the design on building. The article
comes to an end with an example of a sustainable interior design: the interior design of the
Everett Marshall Building.
This newsletter will prove to be extremely useful to me. Not only does this article
provide background information for me to get a better understand of sustainable design, but it
also explains where it evolved from, what its focus is, and provides an example to show me how
it is used. Until I read this article, I had never heard of the Minnesota Sustainable Design Guide,
but now I know to read further into it and possibly find research on designers using it. Now that I
know what broad areas sustainable design focuses on, site, water, energy, materials and
resources, and indoor environmental quality, I can research deeper into those specific areas of
design. Another aspect of this newsletter that will be very useful to me are the references. At the
end of both articles there are a few references and at the end of the issue, there is a list of 16
references I can now look into further.

Berry 13

Kang, Mihyun, and Denise Guerin. "The State of Environmentally Sustainable Interior Design
Practice." American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2009, pp. 179-86.
This research investigates how interior designers use environmentally sustainable interior
design criteria in their design solutions, as well as the state of environmentally sustainable
interior design practice. A national, Internet-based survey of interior design practitioners was
conducted. The random sample of US interior designers was drawn from the American Society
of Interior Designers membership list. The researcher defined environmentally sustainable
interior design practice by three factors: global sustainable interior design, indoor environmental
quality, and interior materials. For each statement about environmentally sustainable interior
design practice, respondents were asked to rate three dimensions: frequency of application,
importance to the designers firm, and importance to the designer. The research found that every
statement to measure the state of environmentally sustainable interior design practice showed the
highest mean score in the category of importance to the designer and the lowest mean score in
the category of frequency of application. The paper identified use of sustainable interior
materials as a less frequently applied component of environmentally sustainable interior design
than indoor environmental quality. The application of environmentally sustainable interior design
practice did not reach the same level as its perceived importance.
This research was done with responses from actual designers. It gave me a broad idea of
where sustainable interior design was in 2009. I cannot consider this data up-to-date because the
research was conducted in 2009, but it still provides me with a basic understanding. The most
important part to me is the results. Because it found that every statement showed the highest
mean score in importance to designer and lowest mean score in frequency of application, I saw
that while designers may want to be using it or think they should, they dont actually get around
to applying it to their designs. I may need to focus on the use of sustainable interior design if so
many people are not convinced to transition to sustainable design yet.
Karsli, Umut Tuglu. "Integrating Sustainability in Interior Design Studio." 4th International
Conference on New Horizons in Education, 10 Dec. 2013, pp. 1532-39.
The purpose of this research is to propose a model for integrating sustainability into
interior design. The article is organized into three parts. The first part defines the relationship
between sustainability and interior design and determines sustainable interior design principles.
There are four sustainable interior design principles in this research. The first is energy. The two
main measures are design and selection for energy-efficient equipment and use of renewable
energy sources. The second principle is Material, and the three main measures are flexible
design, selecting eco-friendly materials/equipment, and reducing waste. The third principle
is water, and two measures are reuse of rainwater and selection of water-saving plumbing
equipments. The fourth and final principle is health, and its 3 measures are improving indoor

Berry 14
air quality, providing thermal, visual, and acoustic comfort, and selection of non-harmful
materials. The second part explains the model that should be used for education. It is split into
two subcategories: the educational approach of interior design studio and sustainable interior
design studio model. The education approach explains how interior design is taught in a studio
setting where the students are not sitting through lectures, but rather offering solutions to
proposed clients. The studio model proposes a checklist that the teacher should use when
evaluating presented sustainable designs by students. The third part of the article is the
implementation of the model on a studio case study. The case study they used was implemented
in the third year of the Interior Architecture Department of Dogus University. The studio
includes the organization and design with environmental consciousness of an interior according
to user identities, and requirements separately specified for each student. The article goes indepth about the case study and has example images of submitted projects. Then the article lists
the results, showing that 12 of 16 students did 85% or higher in the performance range. Lastly, it
lists 3 questions asked to the students participating and their responses.
This article walks you through the most important aspects of a design studio. By starting
with the four sustainable interior design principles, the article gives you background knowledge
needed for the method it will explain later. It then walks you through the model it proposes for
integrating sustainability in an interior design studio. To me, this is the most beneficial aspect of
this article. Not only does the author write about the model, but there is an example of the
checklist that should be considered when reviewing model sustainable interior designs. This
check list is based off of the four principles earlier stated. From this list, I learned all the various
requirements of a sustainable interior design and how they are reviewed. The case study sums
everything up and showed me an example of the model being used. Through this case study, I
was able to grasp a better understanding of how the author wants to model used and decide how
beneficial I thought it was to an interior design studio.
Lee, Young S. "Sustainable Design Re-examined: Integrated Approach to Knowledge Creation
for Sustainable Interior Design." International Journal of Art and Design Education, vol.
33, no. 1, Feb. 2014, pp. 157-74.
This article focuses on a systematic approach to the instructional framework to
incorporate three aspects of sustainable design: society, economy, and environment. It also
provides an instruction model for sustainable design, stressing a collective effort to advance
knowledge creation as a community. The model develops as a framework, joining the concept of
integrated process in sustainable building practice and the learning a knowledge creation theory.
The article also presents a case study where the framework is applied to a project that
emphasizes the role of the interior design in downtown rehabilitation. The case study addresses
economy, community, and environment collectively. The integrated process, involving various
stakeholders for sustainable solutions, is a collective effort to teach sustainable design as a
knowledge creating community and to sustain knowledge advancement in society.

Berry 15
The model in this article is different than ones in other articles. This one is built on the
ideas of society, economy, and the environment. Other research projects have included these
three things but never had sustainable design build with them, rather they were concepts built off
of sustainable design. The part of the article I found the most beneficial was the instruction
model, as it stresses a collective effort to advance knowledge. This is something I am looking
into a design team working together to increase sustainability and environmental benefit. Then,
there is a case study that applies the framework to the model. The case study, as the article
claimed earlier, addresses society, economy, and environment.
Lewis, Elaine. "Interiors That Complement the Environment." Environmental Design and
Construction, vol. 9, no. 5, June 2006, pp. 86-87.
This short article is a first person account of a designer who has dealt with sustainable,
green design. According the Lewis, it took the events of September 11, 2001, to help turn the
corner for green design in New York City. She said the aftermath of air pollution and carcinogens
emitted were a result of both building materials and interior furnishings. Now, in order to
construct a building in Battery Park, developers must build Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED) certified buildings. The author and her team were asked to create
four furnished model apartments, and considering the demographic for the rental property was
young tenants, Lewis decided to give them both stylish and affordable green interior designs.
She says her goal is to reduce demand on natural resources, work with biodegradable products,
and reserve the environmental quality of the home. Her team agenda is to search out products
that offer resource and energy efficiency, durability, comfort, and the elimination of indoor toxic
air pollution while adhering to space planning and good design.
This is the only article I have that is a first person point of view on sustainable interior
design. While I have to take into consideration a bias, as she is an interior designer who has
always had a passion for what she calls, green design, it is interesting to hear someones
experiences with sustainable interior design from their perspective. Not only does the article
discus the four green, furnished model apartments, but there are also photographs of them. I
found it beneficial to read what one design teams goals are regarding sustainable design. These
are the types of article where you dont just read about the practice, but see the practice put into
place.
Mizell, Melissa. "Interior Design Can Affect Health and Productivity; Here's How to Get It
Right." Seven Principles for Green Interior Design, Aug. 2009.
This article focuses on the seven design principles for green interior design. It opens by
defining individuals roles. The interior designer has to recommend appropriate design strategies
that affect productivity, health, and well-being. They can influence the market through
specification and purchasing of verified sustainable projects and move the market in a greener

Berry 16
direction. Building owners and facility executives should champion the sustainable goals through
sustainable strategies such as recycling and composting, carpooling parking spaces, and
education building occupants. The seven design principles are: Keep the big picture in mind, go
back to basics, get beneath the surface, be frugal, double-tasking strategies, take it one step at a
time, and look beyond first costs. Keeping the big picture in mind means not value engineering
strategies out of the project. Going back to basics includes focusing on lighting and using all
potential natural lighting you can through windows before applying artificial lighting. Getting
beneath the surface includes watching chemicals in materials to prevent the emission of VOCs
in an indoor environment. Being frugal comes down to spending money where it counts. Doubletasking strategies means looking beyond single attributes and seeking out products that have
multiple benefits, such as ones that incorporate recycled content as well as provide indoor air
quality benefits. Taking it one step at a time means starting with the simple things first and then
working up to more complex issues. Lastly, looking beyond first costs means that value, rather
than the cost alone, should be the driver for decision-making.
The first thing that stuck out to me in this article was the defining roles of the interior
designer and building owners and facility executives. I learned that not only is it the interior
designers responsibility to implement the sustainable design, but it is also the owners
responsibility to continue living green and encouraging others to do so too. I also gained
information from all seven principles for green interior design. The two principles I benefitted
most from reading about were getting beneath the surface and double-tasking strategies. It is
important to understand were the harmful substances are coming from and what they are
affecting. The idea of using strategies that have multiple benefits stood out to me. It had been
difficult to make sustainable interior design a widely used practice, but if single products have
multiple benefits, people might be more willing to transition, seeing more of a benefit from small
changes.
Morelli, John. "Environmental Sustainability: A Definition for Environmental Professionals."
Journal of Environmental Sustainability, vol. 1, no. 1, 2011.
While acknowledging the need for sustainability, this paper summarizes the problems
that have been encountered in our understanding and use of sustainability. The paper explores
others work to define the concept of environmental sustainability within the context of specific
disciplinary areas. It sets forth a proposal for the basic understanding of the term environmental
sustainability. It proposes the term as an expansion of our common perception of the human
activity, more clearly connecting it with the ecological concept of interdependence to serve as a
goal for environmental managers. Overall, the paper is divided into six sections: Introduction
(the need for sustainability and problems with sustainability), defining sustainability in the
context of a profession, a case for environmental sustainability, a definition of environmental
sustainability, and supporting principles of environmental sustainability.

Berry 17
This paper serves as a knowledge base for me, rather than an application. Most of the
information I am gaining from this paper comes from the introduction. This is where
sustainability is defined. It is also where the need for sustainability and problems with
sustainability are identified. The rest of the article is very broad, speaking to many different
disciplines, none of which are interior design. Therefore, I cannot use much information from the
rest of the paper.
Pilatowicz, Grazyna. "Sustainability in Interior Design." The Journal of Record, vol. 8, no. 3,
June 2015, pp. 101-04.
This editorial is written by Gryayna Pilatowicz, a faculty member at the Fashion Institute
of Technology who is NCIDQ certified, LEED accredited, holds an MA in Art History from
KUL in Poland, and holds a BFA in Interior Design from FIT. Her editorial focuses on the force
for the transition to sustainable interior design, the new interior design types, and the new degree
opportunity at the Fashion Institute of Technology. The editorial opens with Pilatowicz
discussing where interior design was in 2004 and how it has changed since. She believes the
three aspects that benefit from sustainable design are aesthetics (it provides enriching, satisfying,
multisensory experiences), operational costs (are reasonable through efficiency, longevity,
durability, and ease of maintenance), and negative images (cut down through resource
conservation, avoidance of toxins, and pollution prevention). Pilatowicz then explains how
health care was the deciding catalyst for sustainable interior design practices. According to
Pilatowicz the health care design vision wanted to create healing environments that deliver
operational high performance while providing improved indoor environmental qualities. Because
of their intensive use of energy and water and 24/7 operations, they are in need of sustainable
interior design, and therefore pushed for it. She transitions to describing three new types of
interior design, inclusive design, global design, and active design, and then moves on to explain
the Sustainable Interior Environments masters of arts degree at Fashion Institute of Technology
that she initiated, developed, and launched. The students address specialized areas of concern
such as Environment-Behavior research, understanding the human-environment attitudes,
beliefs, and behavior. They aim to create design that is healthy, safe, and inclusive. Special
attention is given to selection and specification of materials and products to create these healthy
indoor environments. Pilatowicz concludes her editorial by commenting that she believes
persistence and education of the interior design practitioners, faculty, clients, and public will aid
in this shift to wide use of sustainable interior design.
There is information throughout this entire article that is beneficial to me. I consider the
information reliable, as it was written by an NCIDQ certified, LEED accredited, MA holder in
Art History and a BFA holder in Interior Design. First, I learned what sustainable interior design
can provide regarding aesthetics, fiscal responsibility, and environmental impacts the three
main areas of sustainability. The most interesting aspect of this article is the focus on the health
care design vision and how they pushed for the transition to sustainable interiors. I found this

Berry 18
particularly useful in that it is an example of a client requesting sustainable interiors rather than a
designer suggesting it. Also, this article was written last year, meaning it is up-to-date and
applicable to my research. The next part is the new sustainable interior environments degree at
the Fashion Institute of Technology. The majority of research regarding education is written able
models or frameworks that can be used in a studio setting. This article, on the other hand, is
focuses on a specific degree opportunity for students heading into the sustainable interior design
field. I learned a lot about this degree, its benefits, and how students in this program differ from
those in a traditional interior design program.
Raymond, Caitlin. "The Importance of Passive Sustainable Design." Honors Research Projects,
2016.
This project has two portions, a literature review and a design project. The literature
review assembles research and techniques collected on passive sustainability and the history of
sustainable design. The beginning of the paper discusses the historical context of ecological, or
sustainable, design. Then, the paper transitions to the integration of sustainable concepts. The
integration has two parts the first type is that which occurs during the design process, and the
second part is integrating the design of a building or space with the surrounding environment and
its natural resources. Next, the paper focuses on Passive Sustainable Design, defined as design
that takes into consideration the effect of sunlight, wind, vegetation, and other natural resources
occurring on the site when designing the buildings heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation
systems. The paper refers to passive design as design that defaults to nature. Natural resources
are also discussed a common technique used by main sustainable architects due to the various
benefits they may provide. Using natural resources common to the area limits the amount of
transportation needed and limits the use of fossil fuels. The rest of the article covers recycling,
reusing, and eliminating waste, harmful materials, daylighting, other natural resources, and the
future. Then there is all the information from the design project. The design project places these
techniques to use in a realistic option for a single family residence for future implementation
within the Akron, Ohio area. The residence was designed to evoke a sense of serenity and
comfort by creating a safe, ecofriendly indoor environment without giving up the luxuries of the
typical American home. Large windows maximize daylight to create the feeling of expansiveness
while natural colors and materials blend the line between the indoor and outdoor environments.
Because this paper has two parts, the literature review and the design project, it is
extremely useful for me. While the literature review gives me information, it is the design project
I am most interested in. This design project is not a case study like in most other articles, but
rather a real example of something someone did for sustainable design, not for their research.
The writer documented her entire process as well as the elements she used regarding
sustainability, such as an extensive green roof, window maximization, linoleum floors, porcelain
floors, ECO countertops, and wood cabinetry from sustainable forests. Then it rates the house on

Berry 19
the LEED Credits. This is helpful because I can see how a house with these attributes would rate
on such a scale.
Reid, W. V. "Earth System Science for Global Sustainability: Grand Challenges." Science
Magazine, vol. 330, 12 Nov. 2010
This article focuses on the grand challenges faced when transitioning to global
sustainability. It focuses on five Grand Challenges, a consensus list of the highest priorities for
Earth system science that would remove critical barriers impeding progress toward sustainable
development. The five Grand Challenges are, Improve the usefulness of forecasts of future
environmental conditions and their consequences for people, Develop, enhance, and integrate
observation systems to manage global and regional environmental change, Determine how to
anticipate, avoid, and manage disruptive global environmental change, Determine institutional,
economic, and behavioral changes to enable effective steps toward global sustainability, and
Encourage innovation (and mechanisms for evaluation) in technological, policy, and social
responses to achieve global sustainability. For each challenge, the article identifies what we
need to do in order to achieve the goal.
This article is not the most useful because it is not specific to my topic of interior design,
but it still gives me background information that I can apply my research to. Since I am studying
sustainable design, this article taught me what sustainable design is helping to achieve.
Sustainability in interior design reduces global environmental risks while helping meet economic
development goals. Interior design is only one of many field in the process of pursuing
sustainability in order to aid the efforts to make the Earth a more sustainable planet.
Ries, Marietta. Interview. 2016.
Marietta Ries is the newest member of the design team at Classic Interiors in Old Ellicott
City. She first earned her Bachelor of Business degree. Ries then went on to Maryland Institute
College of Art to earn her Masters Degree in Interior Design. She is currently in her seventh
month at Classic Interiors and has helped numerous clients design stunning interiors. Before
coming to Classic Interiors, Ries worked at a retail design firm for 20 years in Baltimore,
Maryland.
Winchip, Susan M. Sustainable Design for Interior Environments. 2nd ed., Fairchild Books,
2007.
This book is built on the premise that the interior design profession has a responsibility to
protect the health, safety, and welfare of people and the environment in which they live. The text
gives the information necessary for professors, students, and practitioners to design sustainable
interiors at LEED certification level. It addresses environmental concerns, ecosystems, ethics,

Berry 20
values, worldviews, and how science and technology can be used to address environmental
challenges. This book integrates complex sustainability topics directly into the design process,
enabling readers to apply the concepts of sustainability with the same ease as they do the
elements and principles of design. The book is broken up into three parts. The first part is
exploring sustainable design and development, including an introduction to sustainable design
and development, green building and product assessment standards, and environmental issues.
The second part is sustainability and the integrated interior environment. This includes
sustainable strategies for integrated designs (building components), sustainable strategies for
integrated design (finishes and furnishings), sustainable strategies for integrated designs (indoor
environmental quality), sustainable strategies for integrated designs (daylight and electrical
lighting systems), and regulations, programs, and organizations. The third and final part is
sustainability and the integrated design process. This includes sustainable strategies for
integrated designs (commercial and residential interiors) and sustainable strategies for the
integrated design process.
This book holds a vast knowledge about sustainable interior design and I can use that to
my advantage. While there is no application within the book, I can use the knowledge I gain
from each section and apply it within my own research. The most useful sections for me are
green building and product assessment standards, sustainable strategies for finishes and
furnishings, and sustainable strategies for commercial and residential interiors. Assessment
standards are helpful because I havent found much information on them in other articles.
Sustainable strategies for finishes and furnishings, as well as for commercial and residential
interiors, are beneficial because that is where my focus is for my research.