CHILD LABOUR

PENS NOT TOOLS

Syed Ali Abbas
Abdullah Jamil Chaudhry
Nouman Aslam
Ali Jaffri
Danish Rasul
Abdul Rafay

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Table of Contents:
1. Executive Summary . 3

2. Topic and Explanation .. 4

3. Significance to Pakistan 6

4. Target Market . 8

5. Marketing Research ... 9

6. References 13

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Executive Summary:
Child labor is one of the most major issues of Pakistan. In the list of countries with highest child
labor rate, Pakistan is ranked no.9. This is an alarming situation. Its sad to see the future of
Pakistan holding tools and working while they should be holding pens and studying, making a
brighter future of the country. The children are the future of the country and according to
Muhammad Ali Jinnah the founder of the country, the fate of a country is in the hands of the
youngsters of its country. Sadly the children of our country have to work to earn because of the
high poverty in Pakistan. The government is doing absolutely nothing to stop this. Inflation rates
are increasing and the kids have to work overtime to earn something and eat. The campaign and
the slogan that we have chosen for this cause is Pens not tools, in this slogan we talk not only
oppose child labor but we also talk about the importance of education to solve 2 major problems
of the country by one slogan i.e. child labor and illiteracy.

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TOPIC AND EXPLANATION:

Child labor in Pakistan is the livelihood of children for work in Pakistan, prompting mental,
physical, good and social damage to children. The Human Rights Commission of Pakistan
evaluated in the 1990s that 11 million children were working in the nation, a large portion of
those less than ten years old. In 1996, the middle age for a child entering the work power was
seven, down from eight years of age 2 years earlier. It was assessed that one quarter of the
nation's work power was comprised of child laborers. In a city of Pakistan, children make around
12 sets (every set containing 65 bangles) and just pick up Rs.40 from all the hard work. It relies
on upon the time devoured in finishing these sets it could take the length of 2 or 3 days and they
would increase just Rs.40 in 2 or 3 days.

Demographics:
Starting 2012, it is assessed that 96 percent of working young men were utilized in the wholesale
and retail industry in urban territories, took after by 22 percent in the administration business and
22 percent in assembling. Concerning the young girls, 48 percent were utilized in the
administration business while 10 percent were utilized in assembling. In country regions, 68
percent of working young men I like gay men joined by 82 percent of working young girls. In
the wholesale and retail industry the rate of young lady were 11 percent took after by 11 percent
in manufacturing. Child work in Pakistan is maybe most uncontrolled in city called Multan,
which is a vital creation habitat for fares merchandise, for example, sporting goods
Causes:
International Labor Organization (ILO) proposes poverty is the best single cause behind Child
Labor. Pakistan has an every capita income of more or less $1900. A middle class individual in
Pakistan acquires around $5 a day on average. The normal Pakistani needs to encourage nine or
ten individuals with their everyday wage. Further to that there is additionally the high expansion
rate to battle with. As of 2008, 17.2% of the aggregate populace lives beneath the neediness line,
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which is the least figure in the historical backdrop of Pakistan. Poverty levels in Pakistan seem to
require that kids work so as to permit families to achieve their target takehome pay. On the side
of the organizations, the minimal effort of Child Labor gave makers a huge playing point in the
Western commercial center, where they undersell their rivals from nations forbidding kid work,
regularly by implausible amounts.
Government policies on child labor
Now theres a difference between child labor and child work which few people decipher. Child
work happens to be necessary for the child to polish his/her skills and learning at a young age
helps ones abilities. Child labor on the other hand is when the child is actually deprived of
his/her childhood. ILO and UNICEFs views have further been explained by paycheck.com in its
article, Child Labor and Pakistan.

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Significance to Pakistan:
Child labor refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their
childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school and can often me mentally,
physically, socially, or morally dangerous and harmful. With the use of statistics provided by the
ILO, child labor around the world has gone down from 246 million to 168 million in the recent
years out of which almost 85 million children are engaged in hazardous and dangerous work.
With this, it is important to realize that children need a healthy important to start their lives with
and if a certain burden is transferred onto them at such a delicate age, it can be termed as abuse.
Not only does this abuse stay with the children in their childhood but it grows with them. Child
labor is condemned all around the world with people talking of how important it is for children
to have the right kind of upbringing which is by sending the children to school whereas those
who dont condemn child labor are people who believe that the right kind of upbringing is by
engaging them in practical work so that the children, when they grow up, are ready for the labour
market.
In Pakistan, children ranging from 10 to 14 years of age are engaged in child labour with almost
13% of the entire children population a part of it with agriculture holding a major part of it at
76% and the rest in services and industry almost equally. Considering agriculture plays a major
role in the Pakistan economy, a lot of children are a part of it. With a high poverty rate and
families being unable to make money to fulfil basic necessities, the need and importance for
children to be participating with their parents for little or no money has grown. Many rural areas
around Pakistan tend to be major agricultural hubs in which reside many families that stress upon
the need for children to know labor and practical work instead of sending them to school. The
kind of mentality that encircles such areas leads the people to think that education is a waste of
time and resources and what can really help is training the children to learn the skills needed to
work and make money. It is widely believed that families will not be able to make a living if
their children dont contribute, however, child labour, itself, leads to poverty as children are
deprived of chances to study, get better jobs and possibly contribute to the development of
Pakistan. In places like these where parents themselves have not been to school, no social
pressure is felt about the importance of education and it is often considered normal for children
to work and miss out on schooling and education because of the attitudes that surround the
communities.
Nonetheless, Pakistani children make one quarter of the countrys labor force and contribute
quite a lot to it. With jobs like harvesting cotton, wheat, date palms and fishing, the large
workforce is able to make it the largest and leading sector of the economy after which jobs like
stitching soccer balls made the sports good industry one of the finest exporters in the world, all
with the help and skills of these children, although lately the sports industry lost great deals due
to it including children in the workforce which the international community has stricter laws
about, as compared to Pakistan where it is taken lightly. Domestic work is also an important area
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where usually girls of young ages are employed by households for kitchen work, cleaning, etc.,
who face a great deal of exploitation and at times have been severely beaten or even killed by
their employers. Other than this, a large number of children, usually girls, work in the cottage
industries along with their mothers and are prepared to work and make several materials and
goods that can earn them a living, which is often considered empowering for the women despite
being victims to societal pressures and standards. Some of the worst forms of child labor in
Pakistan are bonded lab our in brick making, carpet weaving, coal mining, fish raising, farming,
domestic service, begging especially by children who are disabled and sold off to mafias,
commercial sexual exploitation as a result of human trafficking, the underage use of children in
activities like smuggling arms and drugs and lately non-state terrorist groups have started
recruiting children to train them as suicide bombers, militants, which is a growing threat to the
already disrupted security and peace in Pakistan.
With the children being the future of Pakistan and such atrocities being carried out against them,
there is a need for strict laws that are not only passed but also applied and executed. Not only
does Pakistan not have a minimum working age but usage of children in illicit activities is also
not prohibited, children are deprived basic necessities whilst their childhood and become adults
when only minors, which indeed is a massive risk for the development of children and coming
generations, and also to the future of Pakistan.

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Target Market
Who are we targeting?
The target markets we selected for this campaign were small business i.e. workshops and large
factories in the industrial areas of Sialkot, Lahore, Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan,
Islamabad, Karachi, Peshawar and Quetta. The Capital cities of each province are being targeted
for the campaign along with 5 other major industrial cities of the country. The Employment of
Children Act 1991 characterizes "child" as an individual beneath 14 years old and a "youthful" as
an individual underneath 18 years old (the meanings of child and adolescence in this
demonstration override these definitions in other work laws). As said over, the Constitution of
Pakistan additionally views the base age as 14 years. Be that as it may, the eighteenth
amendment has really risen the base age up to 16 years without revising the work laws, so
disagreement proceeds. Article 25(A) of the Constitution says that the state now needs to give
necessary instruction to all kids between the ages of five and sixteen years, which implies that, a
kid can't be permitted to work before 16 years old.
The law additionally accommodates certain exemptions. It says that no child must be utilized in
any occupation, foundation or methodology characterized as risky for children aside from where
such process is conveyed by the family as a business or in any (preparation) school secured,
helped and perceived by the legislature.
Why are we targeting these cities?
We are targeting these cities as the population of these cities in total is 71,420,176 which make
up approximately 40% of the population of Pakistan. Also the reason of selecting these cities is
that according to research conducted by UNICEF Child labor is most common in these cities.
Sialkot is the sports hub of Pakistan. It has 450 sports factories where 5850 children work. The
common misconception that leads Sports industrialist to hire children is that people believe that
children have small hands and can use this for fine stitches and better equipment. Gujranwala is
the leading producer of sanitary fittings. Gujranwala has a total of approximately 1780 small and
large factories that hires approximately 14240 kids. Multan produces soap and Khal banola(A
by-product of cotton). Multan is ranked 3 rd in terms of child labor. Faisalabad is called the
Manchester of Pakistan. It has thousands of small and large factories with hundreds of thousands
of Kids working in these factories. Other capital cities are targeted because of their population
and because these are most visited cities of Pakistan. These cities have many other neighboring
countries that follow these cities and the trends of these cities.

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Marketing Research
Conceptual research:
Before starting our research we decided to do a conceptual research and our research said that the
main reason of child labor in Pakistan is Poverty. According to reports conducted by UNO
approximately 61% of total population of Pakistan lives under poverty line. Another reason
behind child labor is that the standard of government schools in Pakistan is very low. The
government doesnt improve this system which is why parents who cant afford private school
education prefer to keep their children at home till theyre old enough to work in workshops,
restaurants, factories etc. The industrial cities of Pakistan are Multan, Gujranwala, Faisalabad,
Hyderabad and Sialkot and it may not come as a surprise that these cities have the highest rate of
child labor as compared to the rest of the country.
After a day of hard work these kids only earn around 40 rupees per day. Shehzad Roy started a
school that provides education and pays money to the kids for attending school. We wanted to
find out if this approach is used in every government school in Pakistan, paying money to the
poor kids to attend school, can this change the situation of the country. This question was added
to our questionnaire which we will talk about in the empirical research. ILO (International Labor
Organization) also says that the biggest reason behind child labor is poverty. Per Capita income
of Pakistan is approximately Rs. 190000

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Emperical Research:
We conducted primary research to find out what people think about Child labor. We made a
questionnaire that consisted of 7 yes/no questions. A sample of 30 people was taken for this
research due to limited time and resources. The questions were:
1. Do you think Child labor is common in Pakistan?
18 out of 30 people answered yes.
2. Is poverty the main reason behind Child labor?
27 out of 30 people answered yes.
3. Do you have a child below the age of 18 working at your home or any other place you own?
25 out of 30 people answered yes
4. Can Child labor decrease if government offers better education at public schools?
21 out of 30 people answered yes
5. Is child labor a major issue in Pakistan?
16 out of 30 people answered yes.
6. Would it help if these children got paid to go to school?
22 out of 30 people answered yes
7. Would you contribute to this cause of stopping child labor and sending children to school
financially if asked to?
25 out of 30 people answered yes
From this date that we collected we deduced the fact that most of the people we surveyed have a
child working for them. They claim to help if necessary for this cause but they dont really
realize that they are a part of it. They themselves are involved in child labor.

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Quantitative Research:
According to the data collected by our questionnaires which gives us a rough estimate of what
the people of the country think about child labor. The most important question we had in mind
was that out of the 30 people that we surveyed how many are involved in child labor themselves.
The result was shocking as shown in the diagram below.

Do you have a child working in your house or other work place?

Yes
No

Other questions were also important but not as important as this one. The other questions we
asked are talked about in the empirical research. Our findings in terms of percentage are listed
below
1. 60% people think child labor is common in Pakistan.
2. 90% think Poverty is the reason for child labor.
3. 70% think child labor can decrease if government offers better education in their schools.
4. 53% think child labor is a major issue which shows lack of awareness in the people
5. 73% think child labor could decrease if poor kids were paid to go to school
6. 83% are ready to financially help this cause.

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Qualitative research:
For qualitative research we decided to interview Mr. Turab Haider. Public relations manager,
Sogo sports Sialkot. We asked him a couple of questions regarding the issue of child labor. He
concurred with the fact that poverty is in fact the reason behind child labor. He said that most of
the kids working at Sogo sports are from the village of bharth that is very close to the factory.
There is only one government school in the village and the closest private school they have is
Kulsoom grammar school near Sialkot Cantonment area. The Government school in the village
isnt functional. He said that this school has been closed for almost 2 years now. Moreover the
standard of education even in the closest private school i.e. Kulsoom Grammar school isnt very
high and people who have the resources to send their kids to private schools prefer Convent of
Jesus and Mary or Beaconhouse Sialkot instead of KGS. Why would people pay a lot of fees to
send their kids to a school that doesnt even provide good education? He said that the only reason
we employ kids at the factory is because if we dont where else would they go? The education
system is bad, the government isnt doing anything to promote it, the only private school we
have close to the village doesnt match the standards of good schools in the city. Their parents
cannot be blamed for this. I would blame them if the government school provided good
education or even if it was functional for that matter, said Mr. Turab.

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References:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour_in_Pakistan
http://www.hamariweb.com/articles/article.aspx?id=91
http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/pakistan.htm
http://www.dol.gov/ilab/reports/child-labor/findings/2013TDA/pakistan.pdf
http://www.stopchildlabour.eu/Stop-Childlabour/About-child-labour/Why-childrenwork-and-don-t-go-to-school

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