B1RELATIVE CLAUSES AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS

RELATIVE CLAUSES AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS

When we talk about people or things, we often need to add more
information about them, or to define them. To do this, we use a relative
clause.
A relative clause comes immediately after the noun it describes and
often begins with a relative pronoun.
The most common relative pronouns are who, which, and that.
We use who or that for people, and which or that for things.
PEOPLE
The person who told me about the hotel works with me.
The person that told me about the hotel works with me.
THINGS
These are the tickets which cost me $400.
These are the tickets that cost me $400.
The relative pronoun where is used for places.
PLACES
This is the town where I was born.
The relative pronoun whose is used for possession. The word whose is
always followed by a noun.
POSSESION
This is my friend, whose sister lives in my building.

B1RELATIVE CLAUSES AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS

OMITTING THE RELATIVE PRONOUN

We can leave out the relative pronouns who, which, and that when they
are followed by subject + verb.

The person that / who I wanted to meet wasnt there.

The person I wanted to meet wasnt there.
This is the hotel which / that we stayed at last year.
This is the hotel we stayed at last year.

When the relative pronoun is followed by a verb, it is not omitted.

Theres the thief who stole my credit card.
Theres the thief stole my credit card.
NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
We sometimes use relative clauses to add information that is not essential.
These are called non-defining relative clauses, and the entire clause can be
omitted without confusing the meaning.
The non-defining relative clause is separated from the rest of the sentence by
commas.
My wife, who I love, is called Amy.
Los Angeles, which is a big city, is in California.
That man, whose name Ive forgotten, looks famous.
Note: The word that is not used in non-defining relative clauses.

B1RELATIVE CLAUSES AND RELATIVE PRONOUNS

USED TO / BE USED TO / GET USED TO

USED TO (SOLA)
We use used to + base form of the verb to talk about repeated actions in
the past, to describe past states and situations, and to talk about past
habits.
When I was young, I used to ride horses.
I didnt use to walk to work, but now I do.
Did you use to exercise every day?
BE USED TO (ESTAR ACOSTUMBRADO)
We use be used to to mean that we have become accustomed to
something.
It can be used to talk about the past, present, or future.
Be used to is followed by a noun or a gerund.
I wasnt used to the sun when I first moved to Los Angeles.
They are used to living in a big city.
GET USED TO (ACOSTUMBRARSE)
We use get used to to refer to the process of becoming accustomed to
something.
It can be used to talk about the past, present, or future.
Get used to is followed by a noun or a gerund.
They got used to their new home.
I am getting used to not drinking coffee.
I dont know how Ill get used to the weather in London after I
move there next month.
Note: Be careful not to confuse used to, be used to, and get used to with
the regular verb use.
I use a computer at work.